CN107120721B - A kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method - Google Patents
A kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107120721B CN107120721B CN201710381531.3A CN201710381531A CN107120721B CN 107120721 B CN107120721 B CN 107120721B CN 201710381531 A CN201710381531 A CN 201710381531A CN 107120721 B CN107120721 B CN 107120721B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
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- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation methods, are the prediction of outdoor temperature first, and according to outdoor temperature predicted value, certain time load regulation supply and return water temperature, overcomes the hysteresis quality for adopting the pipeline network regulation adjusted in advance.The outdoor temperature of next day is predicted according to the weather forecast of local history meteorological data and meteorological department, and using the value as the master data of heat load prediction；The followed by prediction of thermic load calculates the thermic load curve of next day according to outdoor temperature.The present invention is to realize the advanced dynamic regulation of climate compensator, reasonable prediction has been carried out to outdoor temperature, this method is according to the thermic load value being set in advance according to the heating medium parameter for adjusting model adjusting heating system, heat source is become into active heat supply from original wide in range passive heat supply, under the premise of guaranteeing that user indoor temperature is stablized, the runing adjustment index of heating system at the appointed time is provided in advance, improves heating efficiency, is reduced for thermal energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation methods.
Background technique
The purpose that heating system carries out heat supply to heating building is and to guarantee its room to meet user's hot comfort demand
Interior temperature within limits, with the change of outdoor temperature, prevents user from the too low or excessively high phenomenon of room temperature occur,
And system is in the process of running, due to the variation of the factors such as outdoor weather condition, the thermic load of building can occur to change accordingly
Become.Therefore, it in order to be adapted the variation of heat supply amount and user's thermic load, needs to carry out the heating load of heat source accordingly
Adjusting, i.e. heating system should carry out heating load adjusting according to the thermic load situation of change of building, to realize heating according to need,
To guarantee that the room temperature of user meets hot comfort demand, reach the purpose of heating energy-saving.
Climate compensator is exactly a kind of automatic control energy-saving device for thermal conditioning, and the purpose adjusted is to make heating system
Heating load can be adjusted with the variation of outdoor temperature, to realize heating according to need.Climate compensator used at present is equipped with temperature
Compensated curve adjusts the heating agent output parameter of heat source according to the outdoor temperature of instantaneous acquiring, makes the heating load and user's heat of system
Load matches, and realizes the dynamic regulation of system heating load.
Current system runing adjustment is built upon on the basis of stable state calculating, the outdoor temp drawn up according to adjusting pattern die
The adjustment curve for spending variation, adjusts the supply and return water temperature of heat supply network.In adjusting control process, due to adopting i.e. for outdoor temperature
It adjusts, since heating network is a huger system, pipeline network regulation causes the mistake adjusted there is the hysteresis quality of user terminal
Very.It is unable to the outdoor temperature changing rule of advanced prediction for 24 hours, the passive heat supply at heat source is caused, both increases heat cost,
Also it can not reflect the dynamic characteristic of building thermic load, cannot meet user well uses heat demand.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation methods.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method, is the prediction of outdoor temperature first, i.e., meteorological according to local history
The weather forecast of data and meteorological department predicts the outdoor temperature of next day, and using the value as the basic of heat load prediction
Data；The followed by prediction of thermic load calculates the thermic load curve of next day according to outdoor temperature.
Further, under the premise of temperature is certain indoors, Heating Load depends primarily on the size of outdoor temperature, and
In fact, second day outdoor temperature is difficult to directly obtain when carrying out load prediction, Yao Tiqian predicts that heating is negative for 24 hours
Lotus first has to predict second day outdoor temp angle value；The earth receives solar radiant heat and releases heat at night daytime,
Outdoor temperature consecutive variations at any time in diel show apparent cyclic fluctuation for 24 hours；Outdoor temperature among one day
Minimum is generally present in front of and after sunrise, and reaches peak in afternoon 14-15, therefore, carries out week for 24 hours to outdoor temperature
The prediction of phase property；Outdoor temperature is predicted using Shape Factor Method, Shape Factor Method is to be worth according to history outdoor temperature data
History form factor and the highest forecast from local meteorological observatory, minimum temperature predict the following outdoor temperature, and at one
After predetermined period, continuous renewal amendment is carried out to form factor by outdoor temperature measured value.
Further, the Shape Factor Method is one-stage process；One-stage process outdoor temperature predictor formula are as follows:
t′i=ai(t′h-t′l)+t′l(3-1)；
In formula, ai--- i-th hour predicting shape factor；
t′i--- i-th hour outdoor temperature predicted value (DEG C)；
t′l--- prediction outdoor temperature minimum (DEG C)；
t′h--- prediction outdoor temperature peak (DEG C)；
After one predetermined period, compare the outdoor temperature measured value and predicted value on the same day, to predicting shape factor ai
It is modified, outdoor temperature of the revised new shape factor for next day is predicted, to the temperature measured value t for knowing i-th houri
When, it is modified in conjunction with the form factor at actual measurement form factor moment to this；The actual measurement shape obtained by i-th hour measured data
The shape factor are as follows:
In formula, ai1--- i-th hour actual measurement form factor；
ti--- i-th hour actual measurement outdoor temp angle value (DEG C)；
tl--- actual measurement outdoor temperature minimum (DEG C)；
th--- actual measurement outdoor temperature peak (DEG C)；
The revised new shape factor are as follows:
a′i=ai(1-b)+ai1b (3-3)；
In formula, a 'i--- i-th hour revised new shape factor；
B --- forgetting factor.
Further, Shape Factor Method at the time of determining highest, minimum temperature on be according to daily temperature changing rule
Determining；Due to the randomness of outdoor temperature variation, for anomalous weather, the case where outdoor temperature gradually decreases, it may appear that one
Fixed deviation carries out on-line amending to outdoor temperature predicted value, improves the accuracy of prediction, and on-line amending is flat using simple sliding
Equal method.
Further, the simple moving average method is weighted average to be sought by the data to a certain period in past, and incite somebody to action
Predicted value of the average value as a certain period in the future；It is as follows that outdoor temperature is calculated using simple moving average method:
tτ+1=f0×tτ+f1×tτ-1+f2×tτ2+…+fn×tτ-n(3-7)；
In formula, tτ+1--- the temperature prediction value (DEG C) at+1 moment of τ；
fi--- disturbance degree of the temperature value in preceding i sampling period to subsequent time temperature；
N --- the length of predicted time section, the size of value reflect predicted value to the reaction speed of data variation；
Simple moving average method predicts the data of subsequent time that prediction data is sampled using the data of adjacent moment
It is spaced shorter, prediction accuracy is higher, uses the prediction data sampling interval for 1h, and predicted time segment length n is 2, i.e., using working as
Preceding temperature value, the temperature value of previous hour, preceding two hours temperature values predict the temperature value of this latter hour；Each phase temperature is gone through
The weight coefficient of history data is respectively as follows: f0=1/2, f1=1/3, f2=f0×f1=1/6 ... ... fn=fn-2×fn-1。
Further, according to the adjusting period of weather compensation, the outdoor temperature in the corresponding period is taken into weighted average,
As the outdoor temperature quantized value in the period, quantitative formula are as follows:
In formula,--- the outdoor temperature quantized value (DEG C) of corresponding period；
twi--- the i-th moment of day part corresponding outdoor temp angle value (DEG C)；
N --- number at the time of including in the corresponding period.
Further, the calculation method of the heat load prediction value are as follows: after buildings exterior-protected structure determines, building is adopted
Warm heat load is directly proportional to indoor/outdoor temperature-difference, and when room temperature keeps setting value, thermic load depends on the size of outdoor temperature；
Within each adjusting period of climate compensator, the fluctuation of outdoor temperature impacts less the size of thermic load, at this point, foundation
Day part outdoor temperature quantized value is calculated thermic load by steady state heat transfer, meets required precision, carry calculation formula
For
Q=Qs(tn-tw)/(tn-twj) (3-12a)；
Qs=qAA (3-12b)；
In formula, Q --- heating actual heating load (W)；
Qs--- design space-heating load (W)；
qA--- Heating Design heating index (W/m2)；
A --- construction area (m2)；
tn--- indoor design temperature (DEG C)；
tw--- heating outdoor temperature (DEG C)；
twj--- outdoor design temperature for heating (DEG C).
Further, weather compensation dynamic regulation model is established: by predicting that 24 hours outdoor temperatures of whole day, dynamic are adjusted
Save thermic load；Climate compensator is by heating user side to net hot water network trackside primary in indirect type heating system and secondary network
The compensation adjustment of system heating load is realized in the regulation of heating parameter；In thermal substation, the heating load of primary net hot water network trackside
Are as follows:
Q1=1.163G1(τg-τh) (3-13)；
The heating load of secondary network heating user side are as follows:
Q2=1.163G2(tg-th) (3-14)；
The heat exchange amount of heat exchanger are as follows:
Q '=KF Δ t (3-15)；
In formula, τg、τh--- the confession once netted, return water temperature (DEG C)；
tg、th--- the confession of secondary network, return water temperature (DEG C)；
G1、G2--- the flow (m of first and second net3/h)；
The coefficient of heat transfer (the Wm of K --- heat exchanger-2·℃-1)；
F --- heat exchanger heat exchange area (m2)；
Δ t --- heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) (DEG C)；
Under the premise of ignoring heat exchange equipment heat loss, the heat supply of primary net hot water network trackside, secondary network heating user side
Amount is equal to the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger between first and second net, i.e. Q1、Q2, Q ' three be equal to each other, establish climate compensator first and second
To the adjusting model of heating parameter in net.
Further, establish the adjusting model of secondary network heating user side: heating user side is adjusted for thermal conditioning using matter
Model, to keep the hydraulic regime of custom system to stablize；In matter adjusting, the supply water temperature adjusting of user side is entered by changing
System heating load, quantity of circulating water remain unchanged；
Heat supply running adjusts fundamental formular:
It willSupplementary condition substitute into hot-water heating system heat supply running adjust fundamental formular (3-16), export matter adjust
Confession, return water temperature calculation formula:
In formula,--- the ratio between opposite space heating load；
tn--- temperature (DEG C) is calculated in user room；
tg、th--- a certain outdoor temperature twUnder, the confession for the user that heats, return water temperature (DEG C)；
t′g、t′h--- outdoor design temperature for heating t 'wUnder, heating user be designed for, return water temperature (DEG C)；
The heat transfer index of b --- radiator, generally for common heat sink b=0.14~0.37；
In the case where heat user sets a certain room temperature, the confession for the user side that heats, return water temperature depend on opposite supply
Warm heat load；Matter, which is adjusted, to be carried out appropriateness to supply and return water temperature with the change value of thermic load caused by being changed as outdoor temperature and surpasses
Preceding adjusting, so that it is closer practical and undistorted according to the matter adjusting that the variation of outdoor temperature carries out, to guarantee user room
The stabilization of interior temperature.
It is obtained by the present invention to have the beneficial effect that:
The present invention is to realize the dynamic regulation of climate compensator, has carried out reasonable prediction, this method root to outdoor temperature
According to the thermic load value set in advance according to the heating medium parameter for adjusting model regulating system, by heat source by original wide in range passive heat supply
Become active heat supply, under the premise of guaranteeing that user indoor temperature is stablized, provides the fortune of heating system at the appointed time in advance
Row regulating index improves heating efficiency under the premise of guaranteeing heating quality, reduces for thermal energy consumption.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of the workflow of climate compensator；
Attached drawing 2 is the schematic diagram that outdoor temperature prediction technique of the present invention compares；
Attached drawing 3 is the schematic diagram of the on-line amending of outdoor temperature predicted value of the present invention；
Attached drawing 4 is the schematic diagram of present invention heating user side supply water temperature and opposite space heating load.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments.Below
Description only actually at least a exemplary embodiment be it is illustrative, never as to the application and its application or use
Any restrictions.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are without creative efforts
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
Heating system to building carry out heat supply purpose be in order to meet user's hot comfort demand, and guarantee its interior
Temperature within limits, prevents user from the too low or excessively high phenomenon of room temperature occur, and system is in the process of running, by
In the variation of the factors such as outdoor weather condition, the thermic load of building can occur to change accordingly.Therefore, in order to make heat supply
The variation of amount and user's thermic load is adapted, and needs that the heating load of heat source should be adjusted accordingly, i.e., heating system answers root
Heating load adjusting is carried out according to the thermic load situation of change of building, to realize heating according to need, to guarantee the Indoor Temperature of user
Degree meets hot comfort demand.Climate compensator is exactly a kind of automatic control energy-saving device for thermal conditioning, the purpose adjusted
It is that heating system is allow to realize heating according to need with the variation of outdoor temperature.It is bent that temperature-compensating is equipped with inside climate compensator
Line makes it adjust the heating agent output parameter of heat source according to the situation of change of outdoor temperature, keeps the heating load of system and user's heat negative
Lotus matches, and realizes the dynamic regulation of system heating load.
As shown in Fig. 1, climate compensator is arranged in the thermal substation of central heating system, mainly by controller, outdoor
Temperature sensor and confession, return water temperature sensor form.
Climate compensator be according to the different outdoor temperature of different periods according to heating system with heat demand to heat supply system
System carries out the adjusting of heating load.Specifically, some outdoor temperature is measured immediately in some period, change heating load immediately.It deposits
The problem of be: first is that it is broad to adjust Time segments division, is divided into 4 adjusting periods within such as 24 hours one day, is equivalent to 6 small
Shi Weiyi period, outdoor temperature variation is bigger in 6 small periods, if still adjusting by some actual measurement outdoor temperature for return water
Temperature, and the outdoor temperature deviation of actual change are larger.Keep supply water temperature is constant to will cause that energy consumption is higher or user is not hot
Phenomenon, this physical presence large error.
Second is that adjusting heating network immediately according to the outdoor temperature of instantaneous acquiring due to the hysteresis quality that heating network is adjusted
Heating load has distortion phenomenon.In view of above-mentioned two o'clock, platform reason prediction outdoor temperature surpasses and adjusts heating network supply and return water temperature in advance,
It is the platform reason adjusting premise of weather compensation, the determination to the dynamic outdoor temperature of climate compensator is the key that dynamic load is adjusted
Method.
Current heating system runing adjustment is built upon on the basis of stable state calculating, the room drawn up according to adjusting pattern die
The adjustment curve of outer temperature change adjusts the supply and return water temperature of heat supply network.It is secondary due to cannot accurately grasp in adjusting control process
Day outdoor temperature changing rule for 24 hours, production scheduling personnel can only rule of thumb adjust the supply water temperature of heat source, such adjusting
Mode causes the passive heat supply at heat source, both increases heat cost, can not also reflect the dynamic characteristic of building thermic load,
User cannot be met well uses heat demand.The runing adjustment of practical heating system is as user demand constantly becomes with control
Change, it should be regulated and controled according to the changing rule of thermic load from dynamic angle.
Thermic load dynamic regulating method passes through using heat load prediction value corresponding to the different weather compensation periods as foundation
Thermic load and supply and return water temperature relation curve provide daily heat supply running in advance and adjust control parameter, adjust on demand for administrative staff
Section realizes the active heat supply at heat source.
The premise that climate compensator carries out dynamic regulation is predicted the thermic load of next day, in order to according to load value
Heating parameter is adjusted in the day part regularity of distribution.Dynamic Load Forecasting mainly includes two parts, is outdoor temperature first
Prediction, i.e., predict the outdoor temperature of next day according to the weather forecast of local history meteorological data and meteorological department, and will
Master data of the value as heat load prediction；The followed by prediction of thermic load calculates the heat of next day according to outdoor temperature
Load curve.
Outdoor temperature prediction: under the premise of temperature is certain indoors, Heating Load depends primarily on the big of outdoor temperature
It is small, and in fact, second day outdoor temperature is difficult to directly obtain when carrying out load prediction, Yao Tiqian predicts to adopt for 24 hours
Warm load, first has to predict second day outdoor temp angle value.
The earth receives solar radiant heat and releases heat at night daytime, and outdoor temperature is continuous at any time in diel to be become
Change, shows apparent cyclic fluctuation for 24 hours.The minimum of outdoor temperature is generally present in front of and after sunrise among one day, and
Reach peak when afternoon 14-15.Therefore, cyclic forecast for 24 hours can be carried out to outdoor temperature.
Outdoor temperature prediction technique.The prediction technique of outdoor temperature mainly includes Shape Factor Method, ASHRAE Y-factor method Y, letter
Single moving average method.
1. Shape Factor Method is to be worth the history form factor according to history outdoor temperature data and from local meteorological observatory
Highest, the minimum temperature of forecast predict the following outdoor temperature, and after a predetermined period, by outdoor temperature reality
Measured value carries out continuous renewal amendment to form factor.Shape Factor Method can be divided into one-stage process and MacArthur method.
One-stage process outdoor temperature predictor formula are as follows:
t′i=ai(t′h-t′l)+t′l(3-1)；
In formula, ai--- i-th hour predicting shape factor；
t′i--- i-th hour outdoor temperature predicted value (DEG C)；
t′l--- prediction outdoor temperature minimum (DEG C)；
t′h--- prediction outdoor temperature peak (DEG C)；
After one predetermined period, compare the outdoor temperature measured value and predicted value on the same day, to predicting shape factor ai
It is modified, outdoor temperature of the revised new shape factor for next day is predicted, to the temperature measured value t for knowing i-th houri
When, it is modified in conjunction with the form factor at actual measurement form factor moment to this；The actual measurement shape obtained by i-th hour measured data
The shape factor are as follows:
In formula, ai1--- i-th hour actual measurement form factor；
ti--- i-th hour actual measurement outdoor temp angle value (DEG C)；
tl--- actual measurement outdoor temperature minimum (DEG C)；
th--- actual measurement outdoor temperature peak (DEG C)；
The revised new shape factor are as follows:
a′i=ai(1-b)+ai1b (3-3)；
In formula, ai--- i-th hour revised new shape factor；
B --- forgetting factor.
Its prediction algorithm such as MacArthur is by a predetermined period is used as in 24 hours one day and is classified as decline and rising
Two stages, the amendment step of form factor are identical as one-stage process.
To the temperature minimum moment since the period, i-th hour form factor is defined are as follows:
In formula, ai--- i-th hour form factor；
t′i--- i-th hour temperature prediction value (DEG C)；
t0--- the measured temperature (DEG C) of forecast start time in period；
tl--- the minimum temperature (DEG C) of weather forecast；
From the temperature minimum moment to end cycle, i-th hour form factor is defined are as follows:
In formula, ai--- i-th hour form factor；
t′i--- i-th hour temperature prediction value (DEG C)；
tl--- the minimum temperature (DEG C) of weather forecast；
th--- the maximum temperature (DEG C) of weather forecast.
2. ASHRAE Y-factor method Y[25]According to the next day highest and lowest outdoor temperature that meteorological department forecasts, temperature prediction is used
Coefficient to by when outdoor temperature predict.By when outdoor temperature be calculated by formula (3-6).
tτ=th-ατ(th-tl)；
In formula, tτ--- τ moment outdoor temperature predicted value (DEG C)；
ατ--- the temperature prediction coefficient at τ moment；
th--- the maximum temperature (DEG C) of weather forecast；
th--- the minimum temperature (DEG C) of weather forecast.
Table 3-2 ASHRAE method temperature prediction coefficient
| Moment | ατ | Moment | ατ | Moment | ατ | Moment | ατ |
| 0:00 | 0.82 | 6:00 | 0.98 | 12:00 | 0.23 | 18:00 | 0.21 |
| 1:00 | 0.87 | 7:00 | 0.93 | 13:00 | 0.11 | 19:00 | 0.34 |
| 2:00 | 0.92 | 8:00 | 0.84 | 14:00 | 0.03 | 20:00 | 0.47 |
| 3:00 | 0.96 | 9:00 | 0.71 | 15:00 | 0.00 | 21:00 | 0.58 |
| 4:00 | 0.99 | 10:00 | 0.56 | 16:00 | 0.03 | 22:00 | 0.68 |
| 5:00 | 1 | 11:00 | 0.39 | 17:00 | 0.10 | 23:00 | 0.76 |
It was found from the temperature prediction coefficient in table 3-2: daily by when outdoor temperature changing rule approximation meet sinusoidal point
Cloth.The ASHRAE Y-factor method Y of outdoor temperature prediction is generally to be applicable in empirical value according to what the long-term observation of outdoor temperature was formed,
Middle a is fixed and invariable, with the local actual conditions of prediction it is possible that the case where not being consistent.
3. simple sliding average be weighted average is sought by the data to a certain period in past, and using average value as in the future
The predicted value in a certain period.Outdoor temperature is calculated as shown in formula using simple moving average method:
tτ+1=f0×tτ+f1×tτ-1+f2×tτ2+…+fn×tτ-n；
In formula, tτ+1--- the temperature prediction value (DEG C) at+1 moment of τ；
fi--- disturbance degree of the temperature value in preceding i sampling period to subsequent time temperature；
N --- the length of predicted time section, the size of value reflect predicted value to the reaction speed of data variation.
Simple moving average method predicts the data of subsequent time that prediction data is sampled using the data of adjacent moment
Be spaced it is shorter, prediction accuracy is higher, but due to need currently and preceding several moment temperature measured data, can only to it is adjacent when
It is predicted at quarter, is had some limitations.If using simple moving average method in evening before that day to next day 24 hours
Outdoor instant time temperature is predicted, can only be promoted layer by layer to prediction result, prediction accuracy will will be greatly reduced.
(2) various temperature predicting method comparative analyses.Choose the Shijiazhuang standard year outdoor temp in January of DeST Software Create
The reference data as predicted temperature is spent, the analysis comparison of various prediction techniques is carried out.In comparing calculation, it is assumed that weather forecast
Highest, lowest temperature angle value and actual measured value zero deflection or deviation very little.Select worst error, mean square deviation and error arithmetic mean
It is worth the evaluation index as prediction technique superiority and inferiority, these three index expression predicted values deviate the degree of actual value.
Worst error
M=max (| t 'i-ti|) (3-8)
Mean square deviation
Error arithmetic average
Table 3-3 prediction technique error statistics table
| Prediction technique | Worst error | Mean square deviation | Error arithmetic average |
| One-stage process | 3.37 | 1.02 | 0.00 |
| MacArthur method | 5.20 | 1.40 | 0.06 |
| ASHRAE Y-factor method Y | 5.97 | 1.41 | -0.04 |
| 3 hours simple moving average methods | 4.45 | 1.45 | 0.00 |
As shown in Fig. 2, various outdoor instant time temperature prediction techniques are compared and analyzed it is found that being predicted in Short-range Temperature
In, one-stage process accuracy highest.The temperature of subsequent time is predicted in temperature rolling average using online temperature measuring data, quasi-
Exactness is higher.
As can be known from Fig. 2, it among various prediction techniques, is most connect using the outdoor temperature that one-stage process is predicted with actual value
Closely, there is delay hysteresis with respect to actual value in simple moving average method predicted value.
Compare the above outdoor temperature prediction technique it is found that the predictive coefficient in ASHRAE Y-factor method Y be to outdoor temperature into
The empirical value formed after row long-term observation, value are the constant of fixation, it is contemplated that the random variability of outdoor temperature, Ci Zhongfang
Method has some limitations.Shape Factor Method updates predictive coefficient using outdoor temperature measured value daily, can be more preferable
Reaction temperature changing rule, to accurately predict outdoor temperature.
Simple moving average method carries out recursion prediction to subsequent time temperature value using the outdoor temperature of adjacent moment, sufficiently
The interdependence for considering outdoor temperature, can react the changing rule of outdoor temperature, but due to being to adjacent a few houres well
The weighted average of preceding temperature, predicted value will appear delay hysteresis with respect to actual value.In conclusion selecting Shape Factor Method
In prediction technique of the one-stage process as outdoor temperature.
As shown in Fig. 3, the on-line amending of outdoor temperature predicted value.Shape Factor Method is determining highest, minimum temperature
At the time of on be to be determined according to general daily temperature changing rule.Due to the randomness of outdoor temperature variation, for anomalous weather,
The case where outdoor temperature gradually decreases January 14 in such as figure, it may appear that certain deviation will be improved using the on-line amending of temperature
The accuracy of prediction.On-line amending uses the simple method of moving average, uses the prediction data sampling interval for 1h, predicted time segment length
Spending n is 2, i.e., the temperature of this latter hour is predicted using current temperature value, the temperature value of previous hour, preceding two hours temperature values
Value.The weight coefficient of each phase temperature historical data is respectively as follows: f0=1/2, f1=1/3, f2=f0×f1=1/6 ... ... fn=
fn-2×fn-1。
Outdoor temp angle value segment quantization.According to the adjusting period of weather compensation, the outdoor temperature in the corresponding period is taken and is added
Weight average value, as the outdoor temperature quantized value in the period, quantitative formula are as follows:
In formula,--- the outdoor temperature quantized value (DEG C) of corresponding period；
twi--- the i-th moment of day part corresponding outdoor temp angle value (DEG C)；
N --- number at the time of including in the corresponding period.
When buildings exterior-protected structure determine after, constructure heating thermic load it is directly proportional to indoor/outdoor temperature-difference (ignore sunshine and
The influence of wind-force), when room temperature keeps setting value, thermic load depends on the size of outdoor temperature.In climate compensator
Each to adjust in the period, the fluctuation of outdoor temperature does not impact the size of thermic load, at this point, measuring according to day part outdoor temp
Change value is calculated thermic load by steady state heat transfer, meets required precision, and carry calculation formula is
Q=Qs(tn-tw)/(tn-twj)；
Qs=qAA；
In formula, Q --- heating actual heating load (W)；
Qs--- design space-heating load (W)；
qA--- Heating Design heating index (W/m2)；
A --- construction area (m2)。
tn--- indoor design temperature (DEG C)；
tw--- heating outdoor temperature (DEG C)；
twj--- outdoor design temperature for heating (DEG C).
By predicting 24 hours outdoor temperatures of whole day, dynamic regulation thermic load.Climate compensator is by supplying indirect type
The regulation of primary net hot water network trackside and the heating parameter of secondary network heating user side, realizes the benefit of system heating load in hot systems
Repay adjusting.In thermal substation, the heating load of primary net hot water network trackside are as follows:
Q1=1.163G1(τg-τh)；
The heating load of secondary network heating user side are as follows:
Q2=1.163G2(tg-th)；
The heat exchange amount of heat exchanger are as follows:
Q=KF Δ t:
In formula, τg、τh--- the confession once netted, return water temperature (DEG C)；
tg、th--- the confession of secondary network, return water temperature (DEG C)；
G1、G2--- the flow (m of first and second net3/h)；
The coefficient of heat transfer (the Wm of K --- heat exchanger-2·℃-1)；
F --- heat exchanger heat exchange area (m2)；
Δ t --- heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) (DEG C).
Under the premise of ignoring heat exchange equipment heat loss, the heat supply of primary net hot water network trackside, secondary network heating user side
Amount is equal to the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger between first and second net, i.e. Q1、Q2, Q three be equal to each other, establish climate compensator first and second
To the adjusting model of heating parameter in net.
The adjusting model of heating user (secondary network) side: heating user side adjusts model using matter for thermal conditioning, to keep
The hydraulic regime of custom system is stablized.In matter adjusting, the supply water temperature regulating system heating load of user side is entered by changing,
Quantity of circulating water remains unchanged.
Heat supply running adjusts fundamental formular[28]:
It willSupplementary condition substitute into hot-water heating system heat supply running adjust fundamental formular (3-16), matter can be exported
The confession of adjusting, return water temperature calculation formula:
In formula,--- the ratio between opposite space heating load；
tn--- temperature (DEG C) is calculated in user room；
tg、th--- a certain outdoor temperature twUnder, the confession for the user that heats, return water temperature (DEG C)；
t′g、t′h--- outdoor design temperature for heating t 'wUnder, heating user be designed for, return water temperature (DEG C)；
The heat transfer index of b --- radiator, generally for common heat sink b=0.14~0.37.
As shown in Fig. 4, in the case where heat user sets a certain room temperature, the confession for the user side that heats, return water temperature
Depending on opposite space heating load.Matter adjusts the change value with thermic load caused by being changed as outdoor temperature to supply and return water temperature
It is adjusted, to guarantee that user indoor temperature is stablized, is not generated by outdoor temperature variation and significantly interfered.
For the dynamic regulation for realizing climate compensator, reasonable prediction is carried out to outdoor temperature, this method is according to advanced
The thermic load value of setting becomes main from original wide in range passive heat supply according to the heating medium parameter for adjusting model regulating system, by heat source
Dynamic heat supply provides the runing adjustment of heating system at the appointed time under the premise of guaranteeing that user indoor temperature is stablized in advance
Index improves heating efficiency under the premise of guaranteeing heating quality, reduces for thermal energy consumption.
Embodiment described above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the simultaneously exhaustion of the feasible implementation of non-present invention.It is right
For persons skilled in the art, any aobvious to made by it under the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and spirit and
The change being clear to should be all contemplated as falling within claims of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method, it is characterised in that: be the prediction of outdoor temperature first, i.e., according to locality
The outdoor temperature of next day is predicted in the weather forecast of history meteorological data and meteorological department, and the outdoor temperature of next day is put
Enter master data of the predicted value as heat load prediction；The followed by prediction of thermic load, i.e., calculate next day according to outdoor temperature
Thermic load curve；
Under the premise of temperature is certain indoors, Heating Load depends primarily on the size of outdoor temperature, and in fact, carrying out
When load prediction, second day outdoor temperature is difficult to directly obtain, and Yao Tiqian predicts heating load for 24 hours, first has to
Two days outdoor temp angle value are predicted；The earth receives solar radiant heat and releases heat at night daytime, and outdoor temperature is one
Interior consecutive variations at any time round the clock show apparent cyclic fluctuation for 24 hours；The minimum of outdoor temperature generally goes out among one day
Before and after present sunrise, and reach peak in afternoon 14-15, therefore, cyclic forecast for 24 hours is carried out to outdoor temperature；It adopts
Outdoor temperature is predicted with Shape Factor Method, and Shape Factor Method is to be worth the history form factor of going out according to history outdoor temperature data
The following outdoor temperature is predicted with highest, the minimum temperature forecast from local meteorological observatory, and is terminated in a predetermined period
Afterwards, continuous renewal amendment is carried out to form factor by outdoor temperature measured value；
One-stage process outdoor temperature predictor formula are as follows:
t′i=ai(t′h-t′l)+t′l(3-1)；
In formula, ai--- i-th hour predicting shape factor；
t′i--- i-th hour outdoor temperature predicted value (DEG C)；
t′l--- prediction outdoor temperature minimum (DEG C)；
t′h--- prediction outdoor temperature peak (DEG C)；
After one predetermined period, compare the outdoor temperature measured value and predicted value on the same day, to predicting shape factor aiIt is repaired
Just, the revised new shape factor is predicted for the outdoor temperature of next day, to the temperature measured value t for knowing i-th houriWhen, knot
The form factor for closing actual measurement form factor moment to this is modified；The actual measurement shape obtained by i-th hour measured data because
Son are as follows:
In formula, ai1--- i-th hour actual measurement form factor；
ti--- i-th hour actual measurement outdoor temp angle value (DEG C)；
tl--- actual measurement outdoor temperature minimum (DEG C)；
th--- actual measurement outdoor temperature peak (DEG C)；
The revised new shape factor are as follows:
a′i=ai(1-b)+ai1b (3-3)；
In formula, a 'i--- i-th hour revised new shape factor；
B --- forgetting factor；
The calculation method of heat load prediction value are as follows: after buildings exterior-protected structure determines, constructure heating thermic load and indoor and outdoor
The temperature difference is directly proportional, and when room temperature keeps setting value, thermic load depends on the size of outdoor temperature；In each of climate compensator
It adjusts in the period, the fluctuation of outdoor temperature impacts less the size of thermic load, at this point, measuring according to day part outdoor temp
Change value is calculated thermic load by steady state heat transfer, meets required precision, and carry calculation formula is
Q=Qs(tn-tw)/(tn-twj) (3-12a)；
Qs=qAA (3-12b)；
In formula, Q --- heating actual heating load (W)；
Qs--- design space-heating load (W)；
qA--- Heating Design heating index (W/m2)；
A --- construction area (m2)；
tn--- indoor design temperature (DEG C)；
tw--- heating outdoor temperature (DEG C)；
twj--- outdoor design temperature for heating (DEG C).
2. a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Shape Factor Method exists
It at the time of determining highest, minimum temperature is determined according to daily temperature changing rule；Due to outdoor temperature variation it is random
Property, for anomalous weather, the case where outdoor temperature gradually decreases, it may appear that certain deviation carries out outdoor temperature predicted value
On-line amending, improves the accuracy of prediction, and on-line amending uses simple moving average method.
3. a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the simple sliding
The method of average is that weighted average is sought by the data to a certain period in past, and using average value as the prediction in a certain period in the future
Value；It is as follows that outdoor temperature is calculated using simple moving average method:
tτ+1=f0×tτ+f1×tτ-1+f2×tτ-2+…+fn×tτ-n(3-7)；
In formula, tτ+1--- the temperature prediction value (DEG C) at+1 moment of τ；
fi--- disturbance degree of the temperature value in preceding i sampling period to subsequent time temperature；
N --- the length of predicted time section, the size of value reflect predicted value to the reaction speed of data variation；
Simple moving average method uses the data of adjacent moment to predict the data of subsequent time, the prediction data sampling interval
Shorter, prediction accuracy is higher, uses the prediction data sampling interval for 1h, and predicted time segment length n is 2, that is, utilizes current temperature
Angle value, the temperature value of previous hour, preceding two hours temperature values predict the temperature value of this latter hour；Each phase temperature history number
According to weight coefficient be respectively as follows: f0=1/2, f1=1/3, f2=f0×f1=1/6 ... ... fn=fn-2×fn-1。
4. a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: according to weather compensation
The adjusting period, the outdoor temperature in the corresponding period is taken into weighted average, as the outdoor temperature quantized value in the period, amount
Change formula are as follows:
In formula,--- the outdoor temperature quantized value (DEG C) of corresponding period；
twi--- the i-th moment of day part corresponding outdoor temp angle value (DEG C)；
N --- number at the time of including in the corresponding period.
5. a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: establish weather compensation
Dynamic regulation model: by predicting 24 hours outdoor temperatures of whole day, dynamic regulation thermic load；Climate compensator passes through to indirect
The regulation of primary net hot water network trackside and the heating parameter of secondary network heating user side, realizes system heating load in formula heating system
Compensation adjustment；In thermal substation, the heating load of primary net hot water network trackside are as follows:
Q1=1.163G1(τg-τh) (3-13)；
The heating load of secondary network heating user side are as follows:
Q2=1.163G2(tg-th) (3-14)；
The heat exchange amount of heat exchanger are as follows:
Q '=KF Δ t (3-15)；
In formula, τg、τh--- the confession once netted, return water temperature (DEG C)；
tg、th--- the confession of secondary network, return water temperature (DEG C)；
G1、G2--- the flow (m of first and second net3/h)；
The coefficient of heat transfer (the Wm of K --- heat exchanger-2·℃-1)；
F --- heat exchanger heat exchange area (m2)；
Δ t --- heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) (DEG C)；
Under the premise of ignoring heat exchange equipment heat loss, primary net hot water network trackside, heating load of secondary network heating user side etc.
The heat exchange amount of heat exchanger, i.e. Q between first and second net1、Q2, Q ' three be equal to each other, establish climate compensator first and second net in
To the adjusting model of heating parameter.
6. a kind of central heating dynamic gas candidate compensation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: establish secondary network confession
The adjusting model of warm user side: heating user side adjusts model using matter for thermal conditioning, to keep the hydraulic regime of custom system
Stablize；
In matter adjusting, the supply water temperature regulating system heating load of user side is entered by changing, quantity of circulating water remains unchanged；
Heat supply running adjusts fundamental formular:
It willSupplementary condition substitute into hot-water heating system heat supply running adjust fundamental formular (3-16), export matter adjust
For the calculation formula of, return water temperature:
In formula,--- the ratio between opposite space heating load；
tn--- temperature (DEG C) is calculated in user room；
tg、th--- a certain outdoor temperature twUnder, the confession for the user that heats, return water temperature (DEG C)；
t′g、t′h--- outdoor design temperature for heating t 'wUnder, heating user be designed for, return water temperature (DEG C)；
The heat transfer index of b --- radiator, generally for common heat sink b=0.14~0.37；
In the case where heat user sets a certain room temperature, the confession for the user side that heats, return water temperature depend on opposite for warm heat
Load；
Matter adjusts the advanced tune for carrying out appropriateness to supply and return water temperature with the change value of thermic load caused by being changed as outdoor temperature
Section, so that it is closer practical and undistorted according to the matter adjusting that the variation of outdoor temperature carries out, to guarantee user's Indoor Temperature
The stabilization of degree.
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