CN107119270B - A kind of top laser 3D printing reproducing method of perforation - Google Patents
A kind of top laser 3D printing reproducing method of perforation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107119270B CN107119270B CN201710375088.9A CN201710375088A CN107119270B CN 107119270 B CN107119270 B CN 107119270B CN 201710375088 A CN201710375088 A CN 201710375088A CN 107119270 B CN107119270 B CN 107119270B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of top laser 3D printing reproducing method of high-strength long-life perforation, belongs to Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique field.It is included in top tail portion side arbitrary point and has chosen fusing point, laser 3D printing cladding first of annulus of first layer, 1.5~2.0mm is moved in laser facula lateral top nose side along first of annulus after the completion, starts laser melting coating second annulus；Operation laser melting coating step is rear to machine to top surface all standing repeatedly；Then laser grease head highness is increased into 1~2mm, the laser melting coating second layer；Each layer cladding direction is consistent, finally forms top cladding layer by two layers of laser cladding layer, amounts to a thickness of 2~3mm；Laser 3D printing cladding layer functionally gradient design, bottom are Ni based metal powder, and surface layer is Co based metal powder, and laser melting coating parameter used in step is unanimously laser power: 3000~4000kw, spot diameter: 3~5mm etc..The advantage is that surface hardness is high, antiscour, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, comprehensive performance is superior, and service life is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique fields.In particular to a kind of top laser 3D printing side of remanufacturing of perforation
Method.More particularly to a kind of top laser 3D printing reproducing method of high-strength long-life perforation.
Background technique
As one of the technology that industry 4.0 attracts most attention, the development speed " advancing by leaps and bounds " of 3D printing in the world.
In recent years, China is even more unprecedented concern to the development and application of 3D printing technique, and the Department of Science and Technology is in " China's system at the beginning of especially 2016
Make 2025 " on the basis of announce starting implement increasing material manufacturing and laser manufacture emphasis it is special after, metal laser 3D printing technique and again
Manufacturing technology complicated metallurgical parts manufacture and remanufacture using upper persistently overheating, some classical production process are difficult to
Manufacture and the components repaired can carry out functionally gradient design, play the modified purpose in surface, significantly improve the service life of workpiece,
Production cost is reduced, there are great market prospects.
Steel pipe's production occupies an important position in national economy, and the hair of steel pipe's production technology is all attached great importance in countries in the world
Exhibition.Roll piercing is most important forming process in hot rolled seamless steel tube production, and its task is to solid blank is worn into sky
The hollow billet of the heart.And perforate top (see Fig. 1) be then one of maximum key tool of consumption in seamless steel tube production.Its quality
Quality and service life height directly affect the efficiency of steel pipe's production and the quality of steel pipe.Due to perforating, top operating condition is quite disliked
Bad (be often subject to high temperature and pressure, rapid heat cycle, and be subjected to high cycle mechanical fatigue and heat fatigue), easily causes top nose to collapse
Sunken, face checking, tail portion are played the failure modes such as heap and are damaged, so that its service life is not grown, have seriously affected the life of steel pipe
The quality for producing efficiency and steel pipe is urgent problem in hot rolled seamless steel tube production.It is reported that general material it is top wear it is general
Logical steel pipe, service life are no more than 300, when wearing alloy pipe, and the service life is no more than 100, and some only wears several.Therefore, in order to mention
The top service life of height perforation, many colleges and universities, institute, enterprise are to top studied of perforating both at home and abroad.1, it improves
Perforate top shape and preparation process, tends to be mature at present；2, top plastics on new materials is studied, harden ability height, heat resistance are 1. selected
Can good 4Cr5MoSiV steel do that perforation is top, and the service life is enhanced about more than once than traditional material 3Cr2W8V；2. 20CrNi8 is selected to make
For top plastics on new materials of perforating, top consumption decreased significantly trend, and steel pipe internal-surface is bright；3. Mo alloy centre is selected,
It is with high costs although service life is remarkably improved；3, top heat treatment, oxidation technology, top oxidation film can in perforation
To play the role of heat-insulated, lubrication, be conducive to the raising in service life；4, composite coating manufactures, and is the hot spot studied at present.It is with
Mould steel makes nose and steel in one layer of anti-oxidant Mo base of nose appearance surface build-up welding or Co base hard alloy layer as top matrix
Metallurgical bonding is formed between matrix, composition is compound top, and average life span can be improved 3-5 times, rolls every kiloton steel pipe consumption top damage
Consumption is down to 1.5t.But due to built-up welding fusion area it sometimes appear that the brittleness interface of extensibility decline, the load that is hit effect
When there may be overlaying layer stripping phenomenons.When working under the high temperature conditions, it may occur that Carbon Migration Phenomenon leads to elevated temperature strength
It is reduced with resistance to corrosion.If substrate and overlay cladding difference of thermal expansion coefficients are larger, in welding, post weld heat treatment or use
In the process, it may occur however that crackle.In addition, often using preheating, slow cooling, multilayer welding due to the requirement of bead-welding technology feature itself
Technique, thermal cycle will cause the variation of cladding layer chemical composition and metallographic structure repeatedly, uneven point for causing tissue and ingredient
Cloth.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of top laser 3D printing reproducing methods of high-strength long-life perforation, solve
Composite coating manufacture overlay cladding is easily peeled off and organizes and the non-uniform problem of ingredient.Cladding layer gradient function is realized to set
Meter, bottom and matrix infiltration are good, bond strength is high, surface hardness height, antiscour, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, and comprehensive performance is excellent
More, top service life is significantly improved.
A kind of top laser 3D printing reproducing method of high-strength long-life perforation, specific step and parameter are as follows:
1, fusing point has been chosen in top tail portion arbitrary point, has started the molten of first of annulus of laser 3D printing cladding first layer
It covers, the outside of first of annulus will be aligned with top lateral tail；
2, after the laser 3D printing cladding for completing first of annulus of first layer, laser facula laterally pushes up along first of annulus
Mobile 1.5~the 2.0mm in sharp nose side, starts the laser melting coating of first layer second annulus, cladding direction and cladding first layer
The cladding direction of first of annulus is consistent；
3, after completing the laser 3D printing cladding of first layer second annulus, step 2 is repeated, if then completing arterial highway annulus cladding
Until top nose, so that top surface all standing, per pass laser melting coating direction is consistent in the process；By these roads, annulus forms
One layer of cladding layer；Being machined out later makes its any surface finish, smooth；
4, the height of laser head is increased into 1~2mm, is chosen in top nose and arbitrarily plays fusing point, start the cladding second layer the
The laser 3D printing cladding of one of annulus, cladding direction is consistent with first layer cladding layer direction, and the outside of first of annulus is wanted
With top nose outboard alignment；
5, after completing first of annulus laser 3D printing cladding of the second layer, laser facula is lateral top along first of annulus
1.5~2.0mm is moved in tail portion side, starts the laser melting coating of cladding second layer second annulus, cladding direction with it is consistent before；
6, after completing the annulus laser 3D printing cladding of cladding second layer second, step 5 is repeated, if then completing arterial highway annulus
Until top tail portion is allowed to first layer cladding layer in all standing, holding per pass laser melting coating direction is consistent for cladding；Justified by these roads
Ring forms second layer cladding layer；
Top cladding layer is finally made of two layers of laser cladding layer, is amounted to a thickness of 2~3mm；It is machined out later
Make its any surface finish, smooth, so that top surface smoothness meets use condition.
Top material is 20Cr2Ni4, and normal temperature strength is high, HRC40 or so, but high temperature resistance is poor, is easy to appear change
Shape, cracking.Laser 3D printing cladding layer functionally gradient design (see Fig. 2), using two kinds of cladding materials, the selection of bottom cladding material
With the Ni based metal powder of top material similar thermal expansion coefficient, good with matrix infiltration, metallurgical bonding is good；Surface layer cladding material
Material selection high intensity, high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant Co based metal powder, improve service performance.
Ni sill, chemical component weight percentage are as follows: Ni:50~60%, Cr:14~18%, Mo:15~20%,
W:3.0~6.0%, C < 0.5%, Si < 1.0%, Mn < 2.0%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity；Co sill,
Chemical component weight percentage are as follows: Co:50~60%, Cr:28~32%, W:6.0~10.0%, Ni:2.0~4.0%, C <
2.0%, Si < 1.5%, Mn < 1.0%, Mo < 1.0%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity.Swash on top matrix surface
Light 3D printing cladding two layers of thickness is the Ni/Co based alloy layer of 2~3mm, makes it have high corrosion-proof wear.
Laser 3D printing cladding parameter used in step 1~6 is consistent；Laser melting coating parameter are as follows: laser power: 3000~
4000kw, scanning speed: 8~12mm/s, spot diameter: 3~5mm of Φ, powder sending quantity: 20~30g/min, every thickness degree are as follows: 1.0
~1.5mm.
The present invention has the advantages that matrix heat affected area is minimum, matrix temperature rise is no more than 80 DEG C, dense structure, and crystal grain is thin
It is small；Cladding layer and matrix metallurgical bonding are good, and top high-temperature behavior is excellent, and intensity reaches 500Mpa at 800 DEG C, and service life is significant
Extend.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is top tip structure schematic diagram.Wherein, δ-nose diameter, Φ1- counter bore hole diameters, b-nose thickness, Φ-are interior
Hole opening diameter, α-roll off cone angle, C-silk mouth depth, a-nasal side wall thickness, M-internal thread bottom diameter, d-counterbore length, DH—
Calibrating strap diameter.
Fig. 2 is cladding layer Functionally gradient design schematic diagram, wherein substrate 1, binder course 2, surface layer 3.
Fig. 3 is cladding layer interior tissue pattern metallurgical microscopic.
Fig. 4 is cladding layer and matrix electron-microscope scanning figure at interface cohesion.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Specific step and parameter is as follows:
1, fusing point has been chosen in top tail portion arbitrary point, has started the molten of first of annulus of laser 3D printing cladding first layer
It covers, the outside of first of annulus will be aligned with top lateral tail；
2, after the laser 3D printing cladding for completing first of annulus of first layer, laser facula laterally pushes up along first of annulus
The mobile 1.8mm in sharp nose side, starts the laser melting coating of first layer second annulus, cladding direction with first of cladding first layer
The cladding direction of annulus is consistent；
3, after completing the laser 3D printing cladding of first layer second annulus, step 2 is repeated, then complete 110 annulus claddings
Until top nose, so that top surface all standing, per pass laser melting coating direction is consistent in the process；By these roads, annulus forms
One layer of cladding layer；Being machined out later makes its any surface finish, smooth；
4, the height of laser head is increased into 1.2mm, is chosen in top nose and arbitrarily plays fusing point, start the cladding second layer first
The laser 3D printing cladding of road annulus, cladding direction is consistent with the first cladding layer direction, and the outside of first of annulus will be with top
Sharp nose outboard alignment；
5, after completing first of annulus laser 3D printing cladding of the second layer, laser facula is lateral top along first of annulus
1.8mm is moved in tail portion side, starts the laser melting coating of cladding second layer second annulus, cladding direction with it is consistent before；
6, after completing the annulus laser 3D printing cladding of cladding second layer second, step 5 is repeated, then complete 110 annulus
Cladding is until first layer cladding layer, holding per pass laser melting coating direction are consistent in top tail portion all standing；By these road annulus groups
At second layer cladding layer；
Top cladding layer is finally made of two layers of laser cladding layer, is amounted to a thickness of 2.4mm；Being machined out later makes
It is its any surface finish, smooth, meet use condition.
Top material is 20Cr2Ni4, two layers of laser 3D printing cladding, respectively Ni base and Co base, chemical analysis
By weight percentage are as follows:
First layer: Ni base, chemical component weight percentage are as follows: Ni:56.0%, Cr:16.0%, Mo:18.0%, W:
4.0%, C:0.12%, Si:0.78%, Mn:1.4%, Fe:3.7%；
The second layer: Co base, chemical component weight percentage are as follows: Co:54.5%, Cr:30.0%, W:7.5%, Ni:
2.5%, C:1.8%, Si:1.2%, Mn:0.1%, Mo:0.2%, Fe:4.2%.
Laser 3D printing cladding parameter used in step 1~6 is consistent；Laser melting coating parameter are as follows: laser power:
3600kw, scanning speed: 10mm/s, spot diameter: Φ 4mm, powder sending quantity: 20g/min, every thickness degree are as follows: 1.2mm.
Structure observation is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Microstructure of surface cladding layer is tiny, uniform；Cladding layer and matrix structure metallurgical bonding are good,
Cladding layer arborescent structure is pinned on matrix like as " nail ", improves interface bond strength.
Top hardness determination, is shown in Table 1.
1 surface layer Rockwell hardness (room temperature) of table
| Quantity | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | It is average |
| HRC | 43 | 45 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 42 | 43 |
Top high-temperature behavior, is shown in Table 2.
2 surface layer elevated temperature strength of table
| Temperature/DEG C | 500 | 800 | 1000 |
| Intensity/Mpa | 750 | 500 | 100 |
Claims (2)
- The top laser 3D printing reproducing method 1. a kind of high-strength long-life perforates, which is characterized in that specific step and parameter is such as Under:1) fusing point has been chosen in top tail portion arbitrary point, has started the cladding of first of annulus of laser 3D printing cladding first layer, the The outside of one of annulus will be aligned with top lateral tail；2) after the laser 3D printing cladding for completing first of annulus of first layer, laser facula lateral top nose along first of annulus 1.5~2.0mm is moved in portion side, starts the laser melting coating of first layer second annulus, cladding direction and cladding first layer first The cladding direction of road annulus is consistent；3) complete the laser 3D printing cladding of first layer second annulus after, repeat step 2, if then complete arterial highway annulus cladding until Top nose, so that top surface all standing, per pass laser melting coating direction is consistent in the process；By these roads, annulus forms first layer Cladding layer；Being machined out later makes its any surface finish, smooth；4) height of laser head is increased into 1~2mm, is chosen in top nose and arbitrarily plays fusing point, started first of the cladding second layer The laser 3D printing cladding of annulus, cladding direction is consistent with the first cladding layer direction, and the outside of first of annulus will with it is top Nose outboard alignment；5) after completing first of annulus laser 3D printing cladding of the second layer, laser facula lateral top tail portion along first of annulus 1.5~2.0mm is moved in side, starts the laser melting coating of cladding second layer second annulus, cladding direction with it is consistent before；6) after completing the annulus laser 3D printing cladding of cladding second layer second, step 5) is repeated, if then to complete arterial highway annulus molten It covers until first layer cladding layer, holding per pass laser melting coating direction are consistent in top tail portion all standing；By these roads, annulus is formed Second layer cladding layer；Step 1)~6) described in cladding layer material function gradient design, respectively bottom Ni base and surface layer Co Base Metal powder End；Ni base cladding material, and matrix infiltration is good, bond strength is high, chemical component weight percentage are as follows: and Ni:50~ 60%, Cr:14~18%, Mo:15~20%, W:3.0~6.0%, C < 0.5%, Si < 1.0%, Mn < 2.0%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity；Co base cladding material, hardness height, antiscour, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant, chemical component weight percentage Than are as follows: Co:50~60%, Cr:28~32%, W:6.0~10.0%, Ni:2.0~4.0%, C < 2.0%, Si < 1.5%, Mn < 1.0%, Mo < 1.0%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity；Step 1)~6) used in laser 3D printing cladding parameter it is consistent；Laser melting coating parameter are as follows: laser power: 3000~ 4000kw, scanning speed: 8~12mm/s, spot diameter: 3~5mm of Φ, powder sending quantity: 20~30g/min, every thickness degree are as follows: 1.0 ~1.5mm.
- 2. the method according to claim 1, wherein step 1)~6) described in it is final by two layers of laser melting coating Layer forms top cladding layer, amounts to a thickness of 2~3mm.
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| CN109093114B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2021-03-19 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Hot-working die forming method based on 3D printing technology |
| CN108971491B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-07-10 | 佛山瑞鑫通科技有限公司 | 3D printing method of metal dental crown |
| JPWO2020179766A1 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2021-11-11 | 日立金属株式会社 | Ni-based alloy member made of laminated model, manufacturing method of Ni-based alloy member, and product using Ni-based alloy member |
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| CN101397663A (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-04-01 | 岳阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Novel repair and reconstruction technique for defect treatment of strip coiler hollow axle |
| CN102453904A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-05-16 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Method for preparing wear-resistant coating on surface of driving sheave race of elevator by laser cladding |
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