CN107117714A - A kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water - Google Patents
A kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water Download PDFInfo
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- CN107117714A CN107117714A CN201710546346.5A CN201710546346A CN107117714A CN 107117714 A CN107117714 A CN 107117714A CN 201710546346 A CN201710546346 A CN 201710546346A CN 107117714 A CN107117714 A CN 107117714A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/18—PO4-P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/21—Dissolved organic carbon [DOC]
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water, urban river is purified using the plant floating bed technology in biological and ecological repairing method, floating bed plant is carried out by the annual monitoring selection season to water body and the adaptability plant of decontamination index, cross-section monitoring is carried out to each index during plant, with the harvesting to follow-up plant, kind offer guidance is changed.The inventive method monitoring result is accurate, and strong adaptability, using flexible, has not only purified the pollutant of urban river, and the nutritional resource in sewage is effectively utilized, with higher practical value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological purification field, more particularly to a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water.
Background technology
With the quickening of Chinese Urbanization and modernization, the pressure that city river is born is increasing, urban
Occur in that water circulation obstacle, shortage of water resources, water security are threatened, the problems such as Ecology deteriorates greatly affected city water ring
The sustainable use in border, seriously governs the sustainable development of economic society.From the point of view of environment, city river water pollution
Be primarily due to the nutrients such as Water, phosphorus excessively enrichment caused by aquatic ecosystem primary productivity increase
High anomaly；But from the perspective of resource, water eutrophication is a kind of rare agricultural resource, and China lake is many
Many, body eutrophication problem is universal and serious, it may also be said to water eutrophication aboundresources.
Plant floating bed technology is to utilize higher aquatic plants or improved terrestrial plant, with cultivation technique without soil, is adopted
It is matrix or carrier with floatability material, by planting in sewage, the suction by root system of plant to nutrient in sewage
Nutriment and the organic pollution such as nitrogen, phosphorus in the effect such as receipts, the absorption to suspended particulate and decomposition of microorganism, reduction sewage
Content, finally in the form of plant harvests by pollutant from water body remove, so that the effect of purifying water body is reached, while also may be used
Good superaqual landscape, ecological effect are built, and obtains certain economic benefit.
But there are problems, such as plant whole year plantation bad adaptability in the selection of plant at present plant floating bed,
The matching of plant and water pollution is poor, and monitoring result is also inaccurate, therefore this technology still has wide development empty
Between.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water, pass through city
The annual monitoring selection of city's river water quality designs cultivated plant, and urban river is purified, and by cultivating
The species of the monitoring adjustment plant of indices in journey.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
A kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water, it is characterised in that：Specifically include following steps：(1)
Carry out the whole year monitoring of urban river pollution situation；
(2) monitoring result in step (1) carries out static test, and advantage vegetable plant is selected in advance；
(3) vegetable plant floating bed is built, vegetable plant floating bed is placed in urban river, advantage vegetable plant is carried out
Plant and the purification of urban river；
(4) cross-section monitoring is carried out to vegetable plant floating bed edge water quality and vegetable plant floating bed upper river water quality；
(5) monitoring result, seasonal variations and the maturity of vegetables in step (4) carries out the removal of vegetable plant
With planting again；
(6) food safety detection is carried out to being removed vegetables.
Further, in the step (1) urban river pollution situation whole year monitoring index include water sample in TN,
TP、COD、NH4 +- N, DO and pH.
Further, the vegetable plant of pre-selection has the characteristics that in the step (2)：1. the vegetable plant preselected itself
Nitrate, nitrite and content of beary metal must not exceed national health index；2. the vegetable plant preselected can improve in water sample
TN, TP, COD, NH4 +Any one or a few in-N, DO and pH indexs；3. the several vegetable plant preselected is suitable for not
In same plantation season, meet the annual continual needs of plantation.
Further, the specification of vegetable plant floating bed is in the step (3)：It is wide 2-5 meters, it is long 20-30 meters, by 100cm*
50cm*5cm polystyrene foam plate composition, the polystyrene foam plate is formed by connecting by batten；The vegetable plant
Floating bed makees framework using batten, and the batten is fixed with the vegetable plant floating bed by the iron wire of cross winding.
Further, implantation hole is beaten on every piece of polystyrene foam plate, plantation aperture is 2-4cm, and plantation pitch of holes is
10-20cm。
Further, 15-20 plants of advantage vegetables are planted on every piece of polystyrene foam plate, it is with fixed sponge that seedling strain is fixed
In in hole.
Further, Water-quality Monitoring Points are below water surface 10cm in the step (4).
Further, determine that water quality takes according to vegetable plant upgrowth situation after vegetable plant plantation in the step (5)
Sample time interval, sampling of water quality time interval is set to 3-7 days；TN, TP, COD, NH in water sample are determined after sampling4 +- N, DO and
Six indexs of pH, and aboveground vegetation part and under ground portion nitrogen, phosphorus, dry weight and fresh weight index are detected；In vegetable plant
Vegetable plant is removed in time before into declining period, and new adaptation season and water pollution are transplanted in vacancy after its removal
The vegetable plant of situation.
Further, in the step (6) to after removal vegetables carry out food safety detection, with specific reference to country on
Agricultural product security quality pollution-free vegetable safety requirements and pollutants in food limit standard detection vegetables itself content of beary metal
And harmful substance contents, fresh-keeping packaging is carried out to qualified vegetables, marketing of going forward side by side is sold or eaten.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Urban river is entered using the plant floating bed technology in bio-ecological restoration method
Row purification, carries out floating bed plant by the annual monitoring selection season to water body and the adaptability plant of decontamination index, transplanted
Cross-section monitoring is carried out to each index in journey, with the harvesting to follow-up plant, kind offer guidance is changed.The inventive method monitoring knot
Fruit is accurate, and strong adaptability, using flexible, has not only purified the pollutant of urban river, and to the nutritional resource in sewage
Effectively utilize, with higher practical value.
Brief description of the drawings
The situation of change that Fig. 1 is TN in static test；
Fig. 2 is NH in static test4 +- N situation of change；
The situation of change that Fig. 3 is TP in static test；
The situation of change that Fig. 4 is COD in static test；
Fig. 5 is detergent power schematic diagram of the five kinds of vegetable plants in static test to sewage.
Embodiment
In order to preferably show the multifunctionality of the present invention, the present invention is further explained in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment：
First, urban river pollution situation is monitored
Water quality to urban river water carries out pollution situation whole year monitoring, sets between two water quality monitoring sections, two sections
Choose three sample points and carry out water quality detection.The collection of water sample selects 8 points to 10 points of No. 8 mornings in every month, gathers sample
Container be hyalomitome vial.The same day determines after sample is fetched, and the water body that the same day has not been detected is put into 4 DEG C of refrigerator cold-storages, prevents
Only physiological change occurs for testing sample.The analysis method of sample is used《Water and tailing water analysis method》(fourth edition), water sampling
It is unified with 0.2-0.3 meters of river course underwater for standard.
Testing sample Testing index is respectively total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH4 +- N), COD (COD),
Dissolved oxygen (DO), pH.PH, DO carry out on-site measurement using portable pH, DO analyzer of SX825 types：COD、NH4 +- N is using even China
5B-3C (V8) Quick testing instrument of science and technology production；TN is measured using alkaline chitinase oxidation-ultraviolet spectrophotometry；
TP is measured using alkaline potassium per-sulfate digestion-ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method.Monitoring result is analyzed, draws to draw a conclusion：
(1) autumn and winter DO values are higher, and DO in summer value is relatively low：Wherein, August part temperature reaches peak value, and water body stratification is bright
Aobvious, vertical exchange is obstructed, therefore DO concentration reaches minimum；Autumn and winter is with the continuous decline of temperature, the stratification of water body
It is broken, DO concentration gradually rises, and January reaches highest.
(2) summer, winter pH value are higher：Summer High Temperature weather makes water body obvious layering occur, and bucket temperature gradually increases
Plus, a part of carbon dioxide is overflowed the water surface, cause OH in water-Increase, and then pH value increases；With seasonal variations, weather becomes
Cold, water temperature drop, pH recovers normally again, but due to pH value and the negatively correlated property of temperature, temperature is lower, and pH value is higher, in pH value
In the case of recovering normal again, with the reduction of winter temperature, pH value rise.
(3) whole year NH4 +- N amplitudes of variation are larger, fluctuated：NH under nature4 +The reduction of-N concentration is mainly and ammonia
Volatilization, ammonification, nitration reaction are relevant, and ammonia volatilization is by the pH value in water, NH4 +- N concentration, temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, aquatic plant
The many factors such as the pH value diurnal variation of species, state and quantity and system integrate decision；Nitration reaction by temperature, pH,
DO concentration, carbon-nitrogen ratio and micro organism quantity etc. influence；Organic nitrogen is converted into inorganic nitrogen, especially NH by ammoniation4 +- N, it is aerobic
When be beneficial to ammonification, and ammonification speed is reduced during anaerobism, therefore August part DO concentration is low, and ammoniation is not obvious.
(4) 1,7, November, river course TN concentration is higher, pollutes the most serious, 3-5 months and 8-10 months, TN concentration compared with
It is low, tend towards stability substantially：Autumn, winter DO levels are higher, and denitrification is not obvious, and nitrate nitrogen content is higher, therefore river
Road TN concentration is overall higher.Sanitary sewage increase in July, causes the increase of TN concentration.August part precipitation increases, and urban river water is dilute
Release, DO concentration is relatively low, denitrification is obvious, therefore its TN concentration is less than July.
(5) TP concentration variations of annual is unstable：The summer cold and hot layering of river course appearance, causes bottom anoxic, in anaerobic condition
Under, cause the release of phosphorus in bed mud, the release of sedimentary phosphate necessarily causes the increase of the overall phosphorus concentration of water body；Although in superficial water
Phosphorus concentration decreased because summer algal grown absorbs, then by autumn water body convection deposit in river bed, but pass through spring
Water body convection current, and take the phosphorus of sediment release to surface water.So, water body total phosphorus year-end drawdown level is mainly by seasonal variations shadow
Ring, when temperature is higher, promote the conversion of phosphorus in water body, conversion speed slows down when temperature is relatively low.
(6) COD change in concentration amplitude is larger, no evident regularity：COD concentration is mainly influenceed by COD settlement actions, not jljl
Manage form COD changes of contents different, and COD and SS is in extremely notable positive correlation.
2nd, static test selects advantage vegetable plant in advance
Plant is the emphasis of purification sewage in floating bed technology, so selecting suitable plant to there is the clean-up effect of water body
Significant difference.Vegetable plant variety selection should focus on the clean-up effect to each index in monitored water quality, from high financial profit,
Adapt to high temperature and low temperature growth conditions and itself nitrate, nitrite and content of beary metal meet the vegetable of national health index
Dish plant.The experiment vegetable plant of pre-selection is corresponding with urban river pollution situation monitoring result, passes through plant selected above
Requirement, the comprehensive each influence factor of the present invention picks out following several experiment economic vegetable plants of terrestrial：(1) Gynura bicolor (2)
Romaine lettuce (3) crowndaisy chrysanthemum (4) Chinese celery (5) red beet.
Specific experimental method is as follows：
Using bad V classes water quality city river water body as experiment water body.Experiment is carried out in water tank, and tank size is：It is long × wide
Experiment river is held in × height=55cm × 40cm × 30cm, water tank, depth of water 23cm, volume of water sample is 50L.Each water tank water surface
One piece of 50cm × 35cm of upper placement, thick 2cm degradable polystyrene foam plate is used as floating bed.With 5cm × 10cm's in floating bed
Spacing is opened and 1 plant is colonized in the field planting hole that 16 Φ are 3cm, each field planting hole, and fixed with fixed sponge.Cultivation is preceding to steam
Distilled water cleans the soil of plant root, reduces the influence to testing water body.In addition, setting in control group, control group field planting hole
Without plant fixing.Test period is 49 days, in experiment every sampling in 7 days once, determines TN, NH in water sample4 +-N、TP、
Six water quality index of COD, DO and pH, water quality index determines reference《Water and effluent monitoring analysis method》, while to the root of plant
Length, plant height, fresh weight are measured.18-25 DEG C of water temperature during experiment, 21.5 DEG C of average temperature, water temperature is adapted to plant growth.It is anti-
Only experiment water body loses because caused by evaporating and plant transpiration is acted on, and feeds distilled water in time daily to keep water in water tank
Body constant volume.All water tanks are opaque water tank, prevent from influenceing result of the test because illumination causes algal grown.Experiment is in room
It is outer to carry out, sunshade net is built above water tank, strong light sunburn plant is prevented.
By the sewage culture of 49 days, the increase of crowndaisy chrysanthemum fresh weight was maximum, and 3.64 times are added compared with initial value, next to that romaine lettuce and
Chinese celery.Crowndaisy chrysanthemum change of height is maximum, next to that romaine lettuce and Gynura bicolor.The long growth rate of Chinese celery root is maximum, is added compared with initial value
2.75 times, next to that romaine lettuce and crowndaisy chrysanthemum, 1.51 and 1.15 times are added compared with initial value.From five kinds of plant fresh weights, plant height, root length
Situation of change is analyzed, and crowndaisy chrysanthemum change is most fast, next to that romaine lettuce and Chinese celery, red beet and Gynura bicolor are slower.But from the life of plant
From the point of view of long situation, this five kinds of plant well developed root systems in water, especially Chinese celery is most flourishing, adapts to polluted-water, and keep prosperous
Vitality is contained, possesses the objective condition of purifying contaminated water body.
Understand that five kinds of plants are to TN, NH according to Fig. 1-54 +- N, TP and COD detergent power are widely different, sort successively
For：Romaine lettuce>Chinese celery>Red beet>Crowndaisy chrysanthemum>Gynura bicolor.The results of analysis of variance shows, the detergent power of romaine lettuce and Gynura bicolor,
Crowndaisy chrysanthemum group significant difference (p<0.05), with the not notable (p of Chinese celery, red beet group difference>0.05).Chinese celery and romaine lettuce, red beet group
Not notable (the p of difference>0.05), with crowndaisy chrysanthemum, Gynura bicolor group significant difference (p<0.05).
3rd, advantage vegetable plant floating bed is built
Floating bed is integrally wide 2 meters, long 25 meters, is made up of 100 block specifications for 100cm*50cm*5cm polystyrene foam plate；
Cystosepiment is formed by connecting by batten, and floating bed makees framework using batten, and cross winding iron wire is fixed in floating bed；Every piece of bubble
Punched on foam plate, aperture is 2cm, and pitch of holes is 15cm.
Take well-grown, the plant of no disease and pests harm in laboratory preculture 7d, do not apply any fertilizer and agriculture during experiment
Medicine, plant nutrition is entirely derived from experiment water body.By planting seedlings in foam floating bed after preculture, per 15-20 plants of plate, with admittedly
Dinghai is continuous to be fixed on seedling strain in hole, and whole plate is floated on the water surface.
Selected vegetable plant is true according to the market demand of each index situation of water body, plantation season, specific plantation vegetables
It is fixed.
Wherein, crowndaisy chrysanthemum growing way is fast, but non-refractory, intolerant to the long-day, is planted in short term suitable for season in spring and autumn；
Chinese celery is grown in being beneficial to root leaf under short-day, in being beneficial to crawl Stem nematode and to blossom and bear fruit under the long-day, and root
System is flourishing, and TN clean-up effects are good, therefore, suitable for the end of spring and the beginning of summer plantation；
Gynura bicolor heat resistance is strong, and TN, NH4 +- N, COD clean-up effects preferably, are planted suitable for summer；
Romaine lettuce breeding time is long, is 90-100 days, resists cold quite strong, and comprehensive purifying effect is preferably, just suitable for autumn and winter；
Red beet adapts to mutually strong, cold-resistant heat-resisting, and COD purifying rates are higher, the plant available for season of summer and winter.
4th, monitoring and analysis
Sample time determines according to vegetation growth state, determines TN, NH in water sample4 +- N, six water of TP, COD, DO and pH
Matter index, meanwhile, plant in floating bed is randomly selected in floating bed planting process, to aboveground vegetation part, under ground portion nitrogen, phosphorus, fresh
Weight and dry weight are measured respectively.During off-test, respectively choose floating bed on plant, determine its aerial part, under ground portion nitrogen,
Phosphorus, fresh weight, dry weight, and the phytohygiene index of quality, Nutrition quality indicator content are determined, check whether to reach food sanitation standard.
The dirt connected per sub-sampling in setting position water sampling progress water analysis, the influence and river course due to rainy season
Waterpipe sewage is imported, and river water quality is in dynamic change, therefore, and selection floating bed edge carries out three samples monitoring；3 points equal
It is distributed in 10cm below the floating bed edge of 25m length, the water surface weighing apparatus；3 water quality is influenceed larger by plant growth, and river course
The influence of floating bed can be neglected in the water quality of upstream.Contrast the water quality difference of and river course upstream at above-mentioned 3 points, analyze vegetable plant floating bed
To the improvement of river water quality；During water sample analysis, above-mentioned 3 points of water sample mixing post analysis are taken, vegetable plant floating bed is represented
Water quality, each water sample is repeated three times.Thus the monitoring result that method is obtained is accurately and reliably.
Specific test event and method are as follows：
(1) plant fresh weight is weighed using JJ500 types electronic balance scene.The timing of dry biometric measurement, first claims fresh sample
After weight, baking oven is put into, 105 DEG C finish 15 minutes, 75 DEG C of drying to constant weight.
(2) water quality index of detection includes TN, NH4 +- N, six water quality index of TP, COD, DO and pH.
(3) measure of plant tissue the content of nitrogen and phosphorous and the phytohygiene index of quality include heavy metal, nitrate and nitrous acid
Salt.
(4) soluble protein in plant stem-leaf is determined using kit Coomassie Brilliant Blue, and vitamin C uses kit
Determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.
(5) soluble sugar in plant stem-leaf is determined using anthrone method.
Vegetable variety can be adjusted in good time according to monitoring result, to adapt to purification demand, or mature vegetables are carried out and
Shi Caishou.
5th, the removal of vegetables with planting again
, it is necessary to planting plants all in polluted-water throughout the year in the work of plant floating bed purification sewage, and work as plant
Grow into after declining period, the blade come off falls into the water, part root system rots, and the nitrogen of absorption, phosphorus can be re-released into water
In, cause secondary pollution.Therefore, it is removed from water before plant enters declining period according to monitoring information, harvests plant,
And plant the new plant for adapting to season and polluted-water.
6th, food safety detection is carried out to being removed vegetables
Food safety detection is carried out after plant harvesting, it is ensured that heavy metal and harmful substance contents are no more than country on agricultural production
Product safe mass pollution-free vegetable safety requirements (GB18406.1-2001) and pollutants in food limit standard (GB2762-
2005)。
The present invention is purified using the plant floating bed technology in bio-ecological restoration method to urban river, with physics
Repairing method is compared with chemical restoration, plant floating bed to produce that secondary pollution, cost be low, effect is good, in purifying water body
Good superaqual landscape, ecological effect can be built simultaneously, the pollutant of urban river has not only been purified, and in sewage
Nutritional resource is used, and the vegetables planted out have reached the quality requirement of pollution-free vegetable, obtains certain economic effect
Benefit.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made within principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water, it is characterised in that：Specifically include following steps：
(1) the whole year monitoring of urban river pollution situation is carried out；
(2) monitoring result in step (1) carries out static test, and advantage vegetable plant is selected in advance；
(3) vegetable plant floating bed is built, vegetable plant floating bed is placed in urban river, the plant of advantage vegetable plant is carried out
With the purification of urban river；
(4) cross-section monitoring is carried out to vegetable plant floating bed edge water quality and vegetable plant floating bed upper river water quality；
(5) monitoring result in step (4), seasonal variations and the maturity of vegetables carry out the removal of vegetable plant with again
Plantation；
(6) food safety detection is carried out to being removed vegetables.
2. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Urban river pollution situation whole year monitoring index includes TN, TP, COD, NH in water sample in step (1)4 +- N, DO and pH.
3. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The vegetable plant of pre-selection has the characteristics that in step (2)：1. the vegetable plant preselected itself nitrate, nitrite and a huge sum of money
Category content must not exceed national health index；2. the vegetable plant preselected can improve TN, TP, COD, NH in water sample4 +- N, DO and
Any one or a few in pH indexs；3. the several vegetable plant preselected is suitable for different plantation seasons, meets annual
Plantation is continual to be needed.
4. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The specification of vegetable plant floating bed is in step (3)：It is wide 2-5 meters, it is long 20-30 meters, steeped by 100cm*50cm*5cm polystyrene
Foam plate is constituted, and the polystyrene foam plate is formed by connecting by batten；The vegetable plant floating bed makees framework using batten, institute
Batten is stated to fix by the iron wire of cross winding with the vegetable plant floating bed.
5. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Every
Implantation hole is beaten on block polystyrene foam plate, plantation aperture is 2-4cm, and plantation pitch of holes is 10-20cm.
6. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：
15-20 plants of advantage vegetables are planted on every piece of polystyrene foam plate, seedling strain is fixed in hole with fixed sponge.
7. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Water-quality Monitoring Points are below water surface 10cm in step (4).
8. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Sampling of water quality time interval is determined according to vegetable plant upgrowth situation after vegetable plant plantation in step (5), during sampling of water quality
Between be set to 3-7 days；TN, TP, COD, NH in water sample are determined after sampling4 +- N, DO and six indexs of pH, and to plant
Upper part and under ground portion nitrogen, phosphorus, dry weight and fresh weight index are detected；In time by vegetable before vegetable plant enters declining period
Dish plant removes, and the vegetable plant for adapting to season and water pollution situation of vacancy plant newly after its removal.
9. a kind of method of vegetable plant floating bed purifying city urban river water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Food safety detection is carried out to the vegetables after removal in step (6), it is nuisanceless on agricultural product security quality with specific reference to country
Vegetable safety requirement and pollutants in food limit standard detect vegetables itself content of beary metal and harmful substance contents, to qualified
Vegetables carry out fresh-keeping packaging, marketing of going forward side by side sells or eats.
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