CN107104622A - A kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor - Google Patents

A kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107104622A
CN107104622A CN201710231353.6A CN201710231353A CN107104622A CN 107104622 A CN107104622 A CN 107104622A CN 201710231353 A CN201710231353 A CN 201710231353A CN 107104622 A CN107104622 A CN 107104622A
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winding
interval
torque
windings
phase
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CN107104622B (en
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刘泽远
蔡骏
杨艳
曹鑫
邓智泉
郭前岗
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Nanjing Post and Telecommunication University
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Nanjing Post and Telecommunication University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08Reluctance motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N15/00Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, belong to the control field of magnetic suspension motor.The machine winding includes 2 suspending windings, 1 biasing winding and three-phase torque winding, and biasing winding with after A phase torque windings in series, and three kinds of excitation modes such as using permanent conducting excitation, angled position is controlled, afterflow and chop control;A phases not only produce torque, also biasing magnetic flux is provided for magnetic bearing, in Angle-domain imaging and afterflow excitation mode, it regard A phase real-time currents as bias current, in chopper control mode, then based on magnetic utilization rate supreme good, optimization calculates the reference value of biasing winding current, the size and Orientation of two suspending windings electric currents is controlled, to realize suspension operation;B and C phases then use Angle-domain imaging mode, with the regulation torque jointly of A phases;The achievable torque of the present invention and the uneoupled control of suspending power, are particularly suitable for the high speed suspension operation of switched reluctance machines.

Description

A kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, belong to magnetic suspension and open Close the control technology field of reluctance motor.
Background technology
Bearing-free switch reluctance motor is a kind of novel magnetically levitated motor grown up 1990s.Bearing-free is opened Reluctance motor is closed because integrating rotation and two functions, the damage that bearing friction is brought when not only can effectively solve high-speed cruising of suspending Consumption and generate heat the problems such as, moreover it is possible to further play switched reluctance machines high-speed adaptability so that strengthen its Aero-Space, fly Take turns the application foundation of the High Speed Fields such as energy storage, naval vessel.
Can, with deepening continuously for research, people gradually recognize, solve between torque and the effective output area of suspending power Restriction, suspend with two functions of rotation whether can uneoupled control and suspension control accuracy quality during high speed, to BSRM high speeds Whether can be not fully exerted and play vital effect.
However, traditional double winding bearing-free switch reluctance motor needs to carry out copped wave to main winding and the electric current of suspending windings Control, to adjust torque and suspending power in real time, this control mode can obtain preferable control effect in middle low speed, with turn Fast further rise, due to the continuous increase of Based Motional Electromotive Force so that the precision and effect of chop control are had a greatly reduced quality, output turns Square and suspending power limit the application prospect of bearing-free switch reluctance motor less than design requirement.
It can be decoupled it is proposed to this end that one kind proposes a kind of simple in construction, low power inverter cost, torque and suspending power The double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor of control, further, since magnetic bearing and switched reluctance machines it is mutually isolated, The two is only existed without coupling between electric relation, magnetic circuit, and redundancy is stronger.One phase of the biasing winding and switched reluctance machines of magnetic bearing Windings in series, constitutes a phase torque winding, using permanent excitation conduction mode, the biasing magnetic flux needed for magnetic bearing produces suspension Outside, can also be by effectively controlling to make it produce an effective output torque in switched reluctance machines.
The present invention is based on above-mentioned double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, it is proposed that one kind is applicable its high speed and hanged Transportation by driving row and torque and the control method of Decoupling control of levitation force.
The content of the invention
It is a kind of suitable for double winding composite construction magnetic levitation switch the present invention seeks in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, propose Reluctance motor high speed suspension operation and torque and suspending power can uneoupled control control method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, including 1 switched reluctance machines and 1 magnetic bearing, The switched reluctance machines and magnetic bearing arranged in series;
The switched reluctance machines, including reluctance motor stator, magnetic resistance motor rotor and armature winding
The magnetic bearing, including magnetic bearing stator, magnetic bearing rotor, bias coil and suspended coil;
The magnetic resistance motor rotor is arranged in reluctance motor stator, and the magnetic bearing rotor is arranged in magnetic bearing stator Interior, magnetic resistance motor rotor and the magnetic bearing rotor is enclosed in rotating shaft;
The reluctance motor stator is salient-pole structure, and the reluctance motor stator number of teeth is 12, and all reluctance motor stator teeth are equal Even distribution, tooth is separated by 30 ° with tooth;
The magnetic bearing rotor is salient-pole structure, and the magnetic bearing rotor number of teeth is 8, and all magnetic resistance motor rotor teeth uniformly divide Cloth, tooth is separated by 45 ° with tooth;
The magnetic bearing stator is salient-pole structure, and the magnetic bearing stator number of teeth is 4, and all magnetic bearing stator tooths are uniformly distributed, Tooth is separated by 90 ° with tooth, and the magnetic bearing rotor is cylindrical structure;
1 armature winding is wound with each reluctance motor stator tooth, is separated by 90 ° of 4 armature winding series connection, constitutes 1 Torque winding, totally 3, respectively A phases torque winding string, B phase torque windings and C phase torque windings, wherein, B phase torques winding, C phase torque windings spatially differ 30 ° and -30 ° respectively with A phase torque winding strings;
1 bias coil and 1 suspended coil are wound with the magnetic bearing stator tooth, totally 4 bias coils and 4 are outstanding Flotation line circle;
2 suspended coils for differing 180 ° positioned at horizontal direction are connected, and 1 x-axis direction suspending windings are constituted, positioned at perpendicular Nogata to 2 difference 180 ° suspended coils connect, constitute 1 y-axis direction suspending windings, x-axis direction suspending windings 90 ° are spatially differed with y-axis direction suspending windings;
All bias coil series connection, constitute 1 biasing winding;1 biasing winding is connected with A phase torque winding strings, Constitute A phase torque windings;
A phase torques winding produces biasing magnetic flux, in switched reluctance machines using permanent conducting excitation mode in magnetic bearing Produce torque;Excitation is turned in turn for B phases and C phase torques winding, produces torque;A phase torque windings undergo three kinds of excitation sides successively Formula, respectively Angle-domain imaging mode, afterflow excitation mode and Current cut control mode, A phase torques three kinds of excitations of winding The conducting interval of mode is respectively defined as the Ith conducting interval, and afterflow is interval and the IIth conducting is interval;It is interval and continuous in the Ith conducting Stream is interval, directly gathers the real-time current of A phase torque windings as the reference value of biasing winding current, interval in the IIth conducting, Calculate the reference value of biasing winding current so that magnetic bearing magnetic utilization rate highest;Then by controlling the electric current in suspending windings Size and Orientation, to adjust suspending power;In control process, direct torque and suspending power control are separate, and torque and suspension Power realizes uneoupled control;The control method, comprises the following steps:
Step A, obtains turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoff, comprise the following steps that:
Step A-1, gathers the real-time rotating speed of magnetic resistance motor rotor, obtains magnetic resistance motor rotor angular velocity omega;
Step A-2, by magnetic resistance motor rotor angular velocity omega and the reference angular velocities ω of setting*Subtract each other, obtain rotation speed difference deltan ω;
Step A-3, the rotation speed difference deltan ω, passing ratio integral controller obtains turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoff
Step B, gathers magnetic resistance motor rotor real time position angle θ, and differentiates each phase excited state, comprises the following steps that:
Step B-1, as θ=θonaWhen, the power switch of A phase torque winding power circuits is opened, A phase torque windings start Excitation is turned on, and A phases enter the Ith conducting interval, as θ=θoffaWhen, shut-off A phase torques winding power switch, A phase torques winding rises Begin to enter afterflow conducting interval, wherein θonaon, θoffaoff, interval the Ith conducting is [θona, θoffa];
Step B-2, as θ=θonbWhen, the power switch of B phase torque winding power circuits is opened, B phase torque windings start Excitation is turned on, as θ=θoffbWhen, shut-off B phase torques winding power switch, B phase torque windings terminate excitation, wherein θonbona + 15 °, θoffboffa+15°;
Step B-3, as θ=θoncWhen, the power switch of C phase torque winding power circuits is opened, C phase torque windings start Excitation is turned on, as θ=θoffcWhen, shut-off C phase torques winding power switch, C phase torque windings terminate excitation, wherein θoncona + 30 °, θoffcoffa+30°;
Step C, obtains A phase torques winding the IIth and turns on interval initial angle θs, differentiate the A phase torque windings afterflow conducting phase Between and the IIth interval corresponding rotor position angle of conducting, comprise the following steps that:
Step C-1, according to calculatingCalculate the reference value of the interval interior biasing winding current of the IIth conducting Im, wherein, kfFor suspension force coefficient,FloadLoaded for magnetic bearing maximum radial, by magnetic axis bearing structure and electromagnetism Parameter is determined;In formula, μ0For space permeability, l is the axial length of magnetic bearing, and r is the radius of magnetic bearing rotor, αsFor radially The polar arc angle of magnetic bearing stator, δ is the unilateral gas length of magnetic bearing part, NbFor biasing umber of turn;
Step C-2, the real-time current i of the interval interior A phase torque windings of collection afterflow, works as i=ImWhen, A phases are opened immediately to be turned The power switch of square winding power circuit, A phase torques winding enters the IIth conducting interval, and now corresponding rotor position angle is The interval initial angle θ of IIth conductings;As rotor position angle θ=θonaAt+45 °, the IIth conducting interval is terminated, A phase torque windings It is interval into the next Ith conducting;
The interval corresponding rotor position angle of afterflow is [θoffa, θs], the corresponding rotor position angle in the IIth conducting area is [θs, θona+45°];
Step D, obtains x-axis direction and gives suspending powerSuspending power is given with y-axis directionComprise the following steps that:
Step D-1, obtains real-time displacement signal alpha and β of the rotor in x-axis and y-axis direction, wherein, x-axis and the level side Overlapped to magnetic bearing stator tooth center line, y-axis is overlapped with the vertical direction magnetic bearing stator tooth center line, x-axis is with y-axis in sky Between upper 90 ° of difference;
Step D-2, by real-time displacement signal alpha and β respectively with given reference displacement signal α*And β*Subtract each other, respectively obtain x Direction and real-time displacement the signal difference Δ α and Δ β in y directions, pass through proportional integration by the real-time displacement signal difference Δ α and Δ β Derivative controller, obtains the phase x-axis direction and gives suspending powerSuspending power is given with y-axis direction
Step E, adjusts suspending power, comprises the following steps that:
Step E-1, regulation the Ith turns on the suspending power in interval and afterflow interval, now θ ∈ [θona, θs];
According to the suspending powerThe real-time current reference value i of biasing winding is obtained with collectionbias, and electric current Calculation formulaWithIt can resolve and obtain the interval x-axis side with afterflow interval of the Ith conducting To the reference value of suspending windings electric currentWith the reference value of y-axis direction suspending windings electric currentWherein NsFor the suspending windings number of turn;
Using Current cut control method, the actual current i of two suspending windings is allowedxAnd iyIts reference value is tracked respectively WithSo as to adjust the suspending power in the interval in real time;
Step E-2, regulation the IIth turns on interval suspending power, now θ ∈ [θs, θona+45°];
According to the suspending powerWith the biasing winding current reference value I obtained in step C-1m, and galvanometer Calculate formulaWithThe x-axis direction suspending windings electricity obtained in the IIth conducting interval can be resolved The reference value of streamWith the reference value of y-axis direction suspending windings electric current
Using Current cut control method, the actual current i of A phase torque windings is allowedaTracking biasing winding current reference value Im, allow the actual current i of two suspending windingsxAnd iyIts reference value is tracked respectivelyWithSo as to adjust in real time in the interval Suspending power, and then realize the suspension operation of each rotor cycle;
Step F, adjusts torque, by adjusting turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoffValue, so as to adjust torque in real time;A phases Torque winding only allows its actual current tracking reference value I in the IIth conducting intervalm, the negative torque produced in the interval, still By turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoffDynamic regulation, compensate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:The present invention proposes a kind of control of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor Method processed, using technical scheme, can reach following technique effect:
(1) it is applied to the high speed suspension operation of switched reluctance machines;
(2) direct torque is controlled independently with suspending power, and can realize the uneoupled control of torque and suspending power.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three dimensional structure diagram of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor.
Fig. 2 is the A phase torque winding schematic diagrames of switched reluctance machines in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the biasing winding and suspending windings schematic diagram of magnetic bearing in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the inductance and current waveform schematic diagram of suspending windings and torque winding.
Fig. 5 is the system block diagram of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor.
Fig. 6 is the IIth conducting area's bias current computational methods block diagram in control method of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is each suspending windings current calculation method block diagram in control method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:Fig. 1 is into Fig. 7, and 1 is reluctance motor stator, and 2 be magnetic resistance motor rotor, and 3 be armature winding, 4 It is magnetic bearing stator, 5 be magnetic bearing rotor, and 6 be bias coil, and 7 be suspended coil, and 8 be rotating shaft, and 9 be 12/8 pole switching reluctance Motor, 10 be 12 pole magnetic bearings, and 11,12,13 distinguish the positive direction of x, y, z direction of principal axis reference axis, and 14 be the stream of A phase torque windings Enter electric current ia+, 15 be the outflow electric current i of A phase torque windingsa-, 16 be the inflow current i of biasing windingbias+, 17 for biasing around The outflow electric current i of groupbias-, 18 be the inflow current i of x-axis direction suspending windingsx+, 19 go out electric current for x-axis direction suspending windings ix-, 20 be the inflow current i of y-axis direction suspending windingsy+, 21 go out electric current i for y-axis direction suspending windingsy-, 22,23,24, 25 be respectively that air gap 1, air gap 2, air gap 3 and air gap 4,26,27,28,29 are respectively A phase torques winding, B phase torques winding, C phases The inductance curve of torque winding and suspending windings, 30,31,32,33 be respectively A phase torques winding, B phase torques winding, C phase torques The current curve of winding and suspending windings, 34,35,35 be respectively A phase torque windings the Ith conducting is interval, afterflow is interval and the II conducting is interval, Fα, FβFor x, the suspending power in y-axis direction, Fα*, Fβ* it is the reference value of suspending power, α, β are respectively rotor in x, y Center displacement on direction of principal axis, α *, β * are respectively the reference value of rotor center displacement on x, y-axis direction, and θ is rotor-position Angle, θon、θoffRespectively turn on and off angle, θonb、θoffbB phases torque winding is to turn on and off angle, θ respectivelyonc、θoffc C phases torque winding is to turn on and off angle, i respectivelyb、icDifference B phases and C phase torque winding currents.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to a kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor of the invention Technical scheme is described in detail:
As shown in figure 1, be the three dimensional structure diagram of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, wherein, 1 is Reluctance motor stator, 2 be magnetic resistance motor rotor, and 3 be armature winding, and 4 be magnetic bearing stator, and 5 be magnetic bearing rotor, and 6 be biasing Winding, 7 be suspending windings, and 8 be rotating shaft, and 9 be 12/8 pole switching reluctance motor, and 10 be 12 pole magnetic bearings.
A kind of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, including 1 switched reluctance machines and 1 magnetic bearing, The switched reluctance machines and magnetic bearing arranged in series;
The switched reluctance machines, including reluctance motor stator, magnetic resistance motor rotor and armature winding
The magnetic bearing, including magnetic bearing stator, magnetic bearing rotor, bias coil and suspended coil;
The magnetic resistance motor rotor is arranged in reluctance motor stator, and the magnetic bearing rotor is arranged in magnetic bearing stator Interior, magnetic resistance motor rotor and the magnetic bearing rotor is enclosed in rotating shaft;
The reluctance motor stator is salient-pole structure, and the reluctance motor stator number of teeth is 12, and all reluctance motor stator teeth are equal Even distribution, tooth is separated by 30 ° with tooth;
The magnetic bearing rotor is salient-pole structure, and the magnetic bearing rotor number of teeth is 8, and all magnetic resistance motor rotor teeth uniformly divide Cloth, tooth is separated by 45 ° with tooth;
The magnetic bearing stator is salient-pole structure, and the magnetic bearing stator number of teeth is 4, and all magnetic bearing stator tooths are uniformly distributed, Tooth is separated by 90 ° with tooth, and the magnetic bearing rotor is cylindrical structure;
1 armature winding is wound with each reluctance motor stator tooth, is separated by 90 ° of 4 armature winding series connection, constitutes 1 Torque winding, totally 3, respectively A phases torque winding string, B phase torque windings and C phase torque windings, wherein, B phase torques winding, C phase torque windings spatially differ 30 ° and -30 ° respectively with A phase torque winding strings;
1 bias coil and 1 suspended coil are wound with the magnetic bearing stator tooth, totally 4 bias coils and 4 are outstanding Flotation line circle;
2 suspended coils for differing 180 ° positioned at horizontal direction are connected, and 1 x-axis direction suspending windings are constituted, positioned at perpendicular Nogata to 2 difference 180 ° suspended coils connect, constitute 1 y-axis direction suspending windings, x-axis direction suspending windings 90 ° are spatially differed with y-axis direction suspending windings;
As shown in Fig. 2 being the A phase torque winding schematic diagrames of switched reluctance machines in the present invention.
All bias coil series connection, constitute 1 biasing winding;1 biasing winding is connected with A phase torque winding strings, Constitute A phase torque windings;
The polarity of the magnetic field that four biasing windings are produced is distributed in NSNS, and the polarity of the magnetic field that two suspending windings are produced is in NSSN Distribution.
As shown in figure 3, being the biasing winding and suspending windings schematic diagram of magnetic bearing in the present invention.
As x-axis direction suspending windings electric current ix>When 0, the magnetic at air gap 1 (label 22) place is close close with biasing winding generation magnetic Direction is identical, magnetic field increase, and the magnetic at air gap 3 (label 24) place is close close in opposite direction with biasing winding generation magnetic, field weakening, And then produce the suspending power of an x-axis positive direction;Similarly, ix<When 0, the suspending power of an x-axis negative direction is produced.
As y-axis direction suspending windings electric current iy>When 0, the magnetic at air gap 2 (label 23) place is close close with biasing winding generation magnetic Direction is identical, magnetic field increase, and the magnetic at air gap 4 (label 25) place is close close in opposite direction with biasing winding generation magnetic, field weakening, And then produce the suspending power of a y-axis positive direction;Similarly, iy<When 0, the suspending power of a y-axis negative direction is produced.
Therefore, the size and Orientation of two suspending windings electric currents is rationally controlled, you can the suspending power needed for producing, to realize The suspension of the two-freedom of rotor.
As shown in figure 4, being the inductance and current waveform schematic diagram of suspending windings and torque winding.In figure, label 26,27, 28th, 29 be respectively A phase torques winding, B phase torques winding, the inductance curve of C phase torque windings and suspending windings, label 30,31, 32nd, 33 be respectively A phase torques winding, B phase torques winding, the current curve of C phase torque windings and suspending windings, 34,35,35 points Not Wei A phase torque windings the Ith conducting it is interval, afterflow is interval and the IIth conducting is interval.Define θ=0 be A phase torques winding not Aligned position, now winding inductance is minimum.One rotor cycle angle is 45 °, and each suspension control interval is [0,45 °], wherein, [0,22.5 °] is that positive torque is interval, and [22.5 °, 45 °] interval for negative torque.
A phase torques winding produces biasing magnetic flux, in switched reluctance machines using permanent conducting excitation mode in magnetic bearing Produce torque;Excitation is turned in turn for B phases and C phase torques winding, produces torque;A torques winding undergoes three kinds of excitation modes successively, Respectively Angle-domain imaging mode, afterflow excitation mode and Current cut control mode, three kinds of excitation modes of A torques winding Conducting interval is respectively defined as the Ith conducting interval, and afterflow is interval and the IIth conducting is interval;It is interval interval with afterflow in the Ith conducting, Directly the real-time current of collection A phase windings turns on interval, then based on magnetic bearing as the reference value of biasing winding current the IIth Magnetic utilization rate highest principle, optimization calculates the reference value of biasing winding current, then by controlling in two suspending windings Size of current and direction, to adjust suspending power.
Because the Ith conducting is interval and afterflow is interval interior, current waveform and traditional switch magnetic in positive torque, two intervals are produced Resistance motor is identical, and using the Angle-domain imaging mode suitable for high-speed cruising.Therefore, controlling party of the present invention Method, can still play the high-speed adaptability of switched reluctance machines, be run in conjunction with magnetic suspension, further widen switching magnetic-resistance electricity The high-speed operation range of machine.
As shown in figure 5, being the system block diagram of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor.Control process is:Will Displacement error signal carries out PID regulations, obtains given suspending power Fα*, Fβ*, afterwards by levitating current controller, two is obtained and is hanged The reference value of floating winding current, using Current cut control method, allows the actual current of two suspending windings to track respectively each Reference value, to produce required suspending power.
Motor rotor position information is detected, actual speed ω is calculated, speed error signal is subjected to PI regulations, obtained Obtain the turn-on angle θ per phase torque windingonWith shut-off angle θoff, and then dynamic regulation torque.
Different from the excitation mode that B, C phase are turned in turn, A phase torques winding is using permanent conducting excitation mode, in magnetic bearing It is interior to produce biasing magnetic flux, torque is produced in switched reluctance machines;A torques winding undergoes three kinds of excitation modes successively, is respectively Angle-domain imaging mode, afterflow excitation mode and Current cut control mode, the conducting area of three kinds of excitation modes of A torques winding Between be respectively defined as that the Ith conducting is interval, afterflow is interval and the IIth conducting is interval;It is interval interval with afterflow in the Ith conducting, directly adopt Collect the real-time current of A phase windings as the reference value of biasing winding current, it is interval in the IIth conducting, then utilized based on magnetic bearing magnetic Rate highest principle, optimization calculates the reference value of biasing winding current.
Therefore, being turned on the Ith, interval and afterflow is interval interior, and torque and suspending power control are separate, and the two can be decoupled Control;Further, since A phases only allow its actual current tracking reference value in the IIth conducting is interval, what is produced in the interval bears Torque, still by turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoffDynamic regulation, compensate;Therefore, in the IIth conducting is interval, torque with Suspending power control is still separate, and the two still can uneoupled control.
As shown in fig. 6, being the IIth conducting area's interior biasing current calculation method block diagram in control method of the present invention.In figure, kfFor suspension force coefficient, its expression formula is:
In formula, μ0For space permeability, l is the axial length of magnetic bearing, and r is the radius of magnetic bearing rotor, αsFor radial direction magnetic The polar arc angle of bearing stator, δ is the unilateral gas length of magnetic bearing part.
The x and y-axis direction suspending power F of magnetic bearingαAnd FβExpression formula be:
Fα=kfNbNsibiasix (2)
Fβ=kfNbNsibiasiy (3)
In formula, ibiasWinding current, i are biased for magnetic bearingx、iyThe respectively x of radial direction magnetic bearing, y-axis direction suspending windings Electric current, NbTo bias the number of turn of winding, NsFor the number of turn of suspending windings.
Behind integrated (2) and (3), obtain
Fsum=kfNbNsibiasis (4)
In formula, FsumFor x and the composite value of the suspending power of y-axis direction two, isFor ixAnd iyComposite value, expression formula is
For designing and manufacturing the magnetic bearing completed, its structural parameters and electromagnetic parameter determine that the radial direction of magnetic bearing is maximum Load is Fload, it is known that and N ought be metbibias=NsisWhen, the magnetic utilization rate highest of magnetic bearing, thus it is available:
Therefore, in the IIth conducting area, making A phase torques winding current, (equal with biasing winding current, the two series connection is closed System) reference value ImMeet formula (5), you can magnetic utilization rate highest of the magnetic bearing when the interval is run.I.e.:
In control, detection A phase torque windings are in the current value i (θ) of freewheeling period, wherein i (θ) expression rotor-positions in real time Current value when angle θ is, when detecting i (θs)=ImWhen, the power switch of A phase torque windings is opened, A phases enter the IIth and turned on Area, until rotor position angle is θ=θonAt+45 °, A phase torques winding enters the next Ith conducting area.
Area [θ is turned on the IIths, θon+ 45 °] in, Current cut control mode need to be only utilized, the realities of A phase torque windings is allowed Border electric current iaTrack its reference value Im, you can control the IIth turns on winding current waveform in area, so that for needed for being provided magnetic bearing Magnetic flux is biased, this interval overwhelming majority is located at the negative torque zone of switched reluctance machines in addition, will produce one and B phases and C phases Torque in opposite direction.
As shown in fig. 7, being each suspending windings current calculation method block diagram in control method of the present invention.
It is interval in the Ith conducting, after rotating speed is adjusted through PI, the turn-on angle of torque winding, and turning off angle can keep fixed, also may be used Dynamically adjusted with the change of rotating speed, now three-phase torque winding uses Angle-domain imaging mode, and electric current is not controlled, and need to only supervise in real time Survey the electric current of A phase torque windings, you can obtain biasing the real-time current i of windingbias
It is interval in afterflow, the power switch shut-off of A phase torque windings, because electric current can not immediately become zero, therefore A phases turn Square winding current will be through fly-wheel diode to power supply feedback energy, and is gradually reduced, until when electric current is reduced to i (θs)=Im When terminate, the IIth conducting is entered immediately interval.
In control, after two radial displacements are adjusted through PID, the reference value of both direction suspending power can obtainWith Ith conducting is interval and afterflow is interval interior, based on formula (2) and (3), can obtain the reference value of both direction suspending windings electric currentWithI.e.
Interval, the reference value of both direction suspending windings electric current in the IIth conductingWithCalculation formula be respectively:
Above-mentioned analysis shows that direct torque and suspending power control are separate, and torque is also mutually decoupled with suspending power;Separately Outside, in the IIth conducting is interval, the reference value of winding current is biased, is calculated based on magnetic bearing magnetic utilization rate highest principle Arrive, be suspension operation in this interval, be conducive to reducing the core loss of magnetic bearing, and then lift suspending efficiency.
It is pointed out that change because suspending power is positive and negative with the positive and negative change of suspending windings electric current, therefore four outstanding Floating winding current direction can change in control, need to use the power inverter in adjustable current direction.
A kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, A phase torques winding is using permanent Excitation mode is turned on, biasing magnetic flux is produced in magnetic bearing, torque is produced in switched reluctance machines;B phases and C phase torque windings Excitation is turned in turn, produces torque;A phase torque windings undergo three kinds of excitation modes successively, respectively Angle-domain imaging mode, Afterflow excitation mode and Current cut control mode, the conducting interval of A phase torques three kinds of excitation modes of winding are respectively defined as the Ith Conducting is interval, and afterflow is interval and the IIth conducting is interval;It is interval interval with afterflow in the Ith conducting, directly gather A phase torque windings Real-time current is used as the reference value of biasing winding current, the reference value of calculating biasing winding current interval in the IIth conducting so that Magnetic bearing magnetic utilization rate highest;Then by controlling the size of current in suspending windings and direction, to adjust suspending power;Controlled Cheng Zhong, direct torque and suspending power control are separate, and torque realizes uneoupled control with suspending power;The control method, bag Include following steps:
Step A, obtains turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoff, comprise the following steps that:
Step A-1, gathers the real-time rotating speed of magnetic resistance motor rotor, obtains magnetic resistance motor rotor angular velocity omega;
Step A-2, by magnetic resistance motor rotor angular velocity omega and the reference angular velocities ω of setting*Subtract each other, obtain rotation speed difference deltan ω;
Step A-3, the rotation speed difference deltan ω, passing ratio integral controller obtains turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoff
Step B, gathers magnetic resistance motor rotor real time position angle θ, and differentiates each phase excited state, comprises the following steps that:
Step B-1, as θ=θonaWhen, the power switch of A phase torque winding power circuits is opened, A phase torque windings start Excitation is turned on, and A phases enter the Ith conducting interval, as θ=θoffaWhen, shut-off A phase torques winding power switch, A phase torques winding rises Begin to enter afterflow conducting interval, wherein θonaon, θoffaoff, interval the Ith conducting is [θona, θoffa];
Step B-2, as θ=θonbWhen, the power switch of B phase torque winding power circuits is opened, B phase torque windings start Excitation is turned on, as θ=θoffbWhen, shut-off B phase torques winding power switch, B phase torque windings terminate excitation, wherein θonbona + 15 °, θoffboffa+15°;
Step B-3, as θ=θoncWhen, the power switch of C phase torque winding power circuits is opened, C phase torque windings start Excitation is turned on, as θ=θoffcWhen, shut-off C phase torques winding power switch, C phase torque windings terminate excitation, wherein θoncona + 30 °, θoffcoffa+30°;
Step C, obtains A phase torques winding the IIth and turns on interval initial angle θs, differentiate the A phase torque windings afterflow conducting phase Between and the IIth interval corresponding rotor position angle of conducting, comprise the following steps that:
Step C-1, according to calculatingCalculate the reference value of the interval interior biasing winding current of the IIth conducting Im, wherein, kfFor suspension force coefficient,FloadLoaded for magnetic bearing maximum radial, by magnetic axis bearing structure and electromagnetism Parameter is determined;In formula, μ0For space permeability, l is the axial length of magnetic bearing, and r is the radius of magnetic bearing rotor, αsFor radially The polar arc angle of magnetic bearing stator, δ is the unilateral gas length of magnetic bearing part, NbFor biasing umber of turn;
Step C-2, the real-time current i of the interval interior A phase torque windings of collection afterflow, works as i=ImWhen, A phases are opened immediately to be turned The power switch of square winding power circuit, A phase torques winding enters the IIth conducting interval, and now corresponding rotor position angle is The interval initial angle θ of IIth conductings;As rotor position angle θ=θonaAt+45 °, the IIth conducting interval is terminated, A phase torque windings It is interval into the next Ith conducting;
The interval corresponding rotor position angle of afterflow is [θoffa, θs], the corresponding rotor position angle in the IIth conducting area is [θs, θona+45°];
Step D, obtains x-axis direction and gives suspending powerSuspending power is given with y-axis directionComprise the following steps that:
Step D-1, obtains real-time displacement signal alpha and β of the rotor in x-axis and y-axis direction, wherein, x-axis and the level side Overlapped to magnetic bearing stator tooth center line, y-axis is overlapped with the vertical direction magnetic bearing stator tooth center line, x-axis is with y-axis in sky Between upper 90 ° of difference;
Step D-2, by real-time displacement signal alpha and β respectively with given reference displacement signal α*And β*Subtract each other, respectively obtain x Direction and real-time displacement the signal difference Δ α and Δ β in y directions, pass through proportional integration by the real-time displacement signal difference Δ α and Δ β Derivative controller, obtains the phase x-axis direction and gives suspending powerSuspending power is given with y-axis direction
Step E, adjusts suspending power, comprises the following steps that:
Step E-1, regulation the Ith turns on the suspending power in interval and afterflow interval, now θ ∈ [θona, θs];
According to the suspending powerThe real-time current reference value i of biasing winding is obtained with collectionbias, and electric current Calculation formulaWithIt can resolve and obtain the interval x-axis side with afterflow interval of the Ith conducting To the reference value of suspending windings electric currentWith the reference value of y-axis direction suspending windings electric currentWherein NsFor the suspending windings number of turn;
Using Current cut control method, the actual current i of two suspending windings is allowedxAnd iyIts reference value is tracked respectively WithSo as to adjust the suspending power in the interval in real time;
Step E-2, regulation the IIth turns on interval suspending power, now θ ∈ [θs, θona+45°];
According to the suspending powerWith the biasing winding current reference value I obtained in step C-1m, and galvanometer Calculate formulaWithThe x-axis direction suspending windings electricity obtained in the IIth conducting interval can be resolved The reference value of streamWith the reference value of y-axis direction suspending windings electric current
Using Current cut control method, the actual current i of A phase torque windings is allowedaTracking biasing winding current reference value Im, allow the actual current i of two suspending windingsxAnd iyIts reference value is tracked respectivelyWithSo as to adjust in real time in the interval Suspending power, and then realize the suspension operation of each rotor cycle;
Step F, adjusts torque, by adjusting turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoffValue, so as to adjust torque in real time;A phases Torque winding only allows its actual current tracking reference value I in the IIth conducting intervalm, the negative torque produced in the interval, still By turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoffDynamic regulation, compensate.
In summary, the present invention is applied to double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor suspension fortune at a high speed Row, direct torque and suspending power control are separate, and can realize the uneoupled control of torque and suspending power;In addition, control variable Few, the control that suspends is easy to implement.
For those skilled in the art, association's others can be easy to according to above implementation type excellent Point and deformation.Therefore, the invention is not limited in above-mentioned instantiation, it enters as just example to a kind of form of the present invention Detailed, the exemplary explanation of row.In the range of without departing substantially from present inventive concept, those of ordinary skill in the art are according to above-mentioned specific Example should be included in scope of the presently claimed invention and its wait homotype by the technical scheme obtained by various equivalent substitutions Within enclosing.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of control method of double winding composite construction magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, the double winding composite construction magnetic suspension Switched reluctance machines include 1 switched reluctance machines and 1 magnetic bearing, the switched reluctance machines and magnetic bearing arranged in series;
The switched reluctance machines, including reluctance motor stator, magnetic resistance motor rotor and armature winding
The magnetic bearing, including magnetic bearing stator, magnetic bearing rotor, bias coil and suspended coil;
The magnetic resistance motor rotor is arranged in reluctance motor stator, and the magnetic bearing rotor is arranged in magnetic bearing stator, institute State magnetic resistance motor rotor and magnetic bearing rotor is enclosed in rotating shaft;
The reluctance motor stator is salient-pole structure, and the reluctance motor stator number of teeth is 12, and all reluctance motor stator teeth uniformly divide Cloth, tooth is separated by 30 ° with tooth;
The magnetic bearing rotor is salient-pole structure, and the magnetic bearing rotor number of teeth is 8, and all magnetic resistance motor rotor teeth are uniformly distributed, tooth It is separated by 45 ° with tooth;
The magnetic bearing stator be salient-pole structure, the magnetic bearing stator number of teeth be 4, all magnetic bearing stator tooths are uniformly distributed, tooth with Tooth is separated by 90 °, and the magnetic bearing rotor is cylindrical structure;
1 armature winding is wound with each reluctance motor stator tooth, is separated by 90 ° of 4 armature winding series connection, constitutes 1 torque Winding, totally 3, respectively A phases torque winding string, B phase torque windings and C phase torque windings, wherein, B phase torques winding, C phases Torque winding spatially differs 30 ° and -30 ° respectively with A phase torque winding strings;
1 bias coil and 1 suspended coil are wound with the magnetic bearing stator tooth, totally 4 bias coils and 4 suspension lines Circle;
2 suspended coils for differing 180 ° positioned at horizontal direction are connected, and 1 x-axis direction suspending windings are constituted, positioned at vertical side To 2 180 ° of differences suspended coils series connection, constitute 1 y-axis direction suspending windings, x-axis direction suspending windings and y-axis Direction suspending windings spatially differ 90 °;
All bias coil series connection, constitute 1 biasing winding;1 biasing winding is connected with A phase torque winding strings, constitutes A Phase torque winding;
Characterized in that, A phase torques winding produces biasing magnetic flux using permanent conducting excitation mode in magnetic bearing, in switch magnetic Hinder and torque is produced in motor;Excitation is turned in turn for B phases and C phase torques winding, produces torque;A phase torque windings undergo three successively Plant excitation mode, respectively Angle-domain imaging mode, afterflow excitation mode and Current cut control mode, A phase torque windings The conducting interval of three kinds of excitation modes is respectively defined as the Ith conducting interval, and afterflow is interval and the IIth conducting is interval;In the Ith conducting Interval and afterflow is interval, directly gathers the real-time current of A phase torque windings as the reference value of biasing winding current, is led the IIth Logical interval, calculates the reference value of biasing winding current so that magnetic bearing magnetic utilization rate highest;Then by controlling in suspending windings Size of current and direction, to adjust suspending power;In control process, direct torque and suspending power control are separate, and torque Uneoupled control is realized with suspending power;The control method, comprises the following steps:
Step A, obtains turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoff, comprise the following steps that:
Step A-1, gathers the real-time rotating speed of magnetic resistance motor rotor, obtains magnetic resistance motor rotor angular velocity omega;
Step A-2, by magnetic resistance motor rotor angular velocity omega and the reference angular velocities ω of setting*Subtract each other, obtain rotation speed difference deltan ω;
Step A-3, the rotation speed difference deltan ω, passing ratio integral controller obtains turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoff
Step B, gathers magnetic resistance motor rotor real time position angle θ, and differentiates each phase excited state, comprises the following steps that:
Step B-1, as θ=θonaWhen, the power switch of A phase torque winding power circuits is opened, A phase torque windings start excitation Conducting, A phases enter the Ith conducting interval, as θ=θoffaWhen, shut-off A phase torques winding powers switch, A phase torque windings originate into Enter afterflow conducting interval, wherein θonaon, θoffaoff, interval the Ith conducting is [θona, θoffa];
Step B-2, as θ=θonbWhen, the power switch of B phase torque winding power circuits is opened, B phase torque windings start excitation Conducting, as θ=θoffbWhen, shut-off B phase torques winding power switch, B phase torque windings terminate excitation, wherein θonbona+ 15 °, θoffboffa+15°;
Step B-3, as θ=θoncWhen, the power switch of C phase torque winding power circuits is opened, C phase torque windings start excitation Conducting, as θ=θoffcWhen, shut-off C phase torques winding power switch, C phase torque windings terminate excitation, wherein θoncona+ 30 °, θoffcoffa+30°;
Step C, obtains A phase torques winding the IIth and turns on interval initial angle θs, during differentiating A phase torque windings afterflows conducting and The IIth interval corresponding rotor position angle of conducting, is comprised the following steps that:
Step C-1, according to calculatingCalculate the reference value I of the interval interior biasing winding current of the IIth conductingm, its In, kfFor suspension force coefficient,FloadLoad, determined by magnetic axis bearing structure and electromagnetic parameter for magnetic bearing maximum radial It is fixed;In formula, μ0For space permeability, l is the axial length of magnetic bearing, and r is the radius of magnetic bearing rotor, αsFor radial direction magnetic bearing The polar arc angle of stator, δ is the unilateral gas length of magnetic bearing part, NbFor biasing umber of turn;
Step C-2, the real-time current i of the interval interior A phase torque windings of collection afterflow, works as i=ImWhen, A phase torque windings are opened immediately The power switch of power circuit, it is interval that A phase torques winding enters the IIth conducting, and now corresponding rotor position angle is the IIth to lead Lead to interval initial angle θs;As rotor position angle θ=θonaAt+45 °, the IIth conducting interval is terminated, under A phase torques winding enters One the Ith conducting is interval;
The interval corresponding rotor position angle of afterflow is [θoffa, θs], the corresponding rotor position angle in the IIth conducting area is [θs, θona+ 45°];
Step D, obtains x-axis direction and gives suspending powerSuspending power is given with y-axis directionComprise the following steps that:
Step D-1, obtains real-time displacement signal alpha and β of the rotor in x-axis and y-axis direction, wherein, x-axis and the horizontal direction magnetic Bearing stator tooth center line is overlapped, and y-axis is overlapped with the vertical direction magnetic bearing stator tooth center line, and x-axis and y-axis are spatially 90 ° of difference;
Step D-2, by real-time displacement signal alpha and β respectively with given reference displacement signal α*And β*Subtract each other, respectively obtain x directions With real-time displacement the signal difference Δ α and Δ β in y directions, the real-time displacement signal difference Δ α and Δ β are passed through into PID Controller, obtains the phase x-axis direction and gives suspending powerSuspending power is given with y-axis direction
Step E, adjusts suspending power, comprises the following steps that:
Step E-1, regulation the Ith turns on the suspending power in interval and afterflow interval, now θ ∈ [θona, θs];
According to the suspending powerThe real-time current reference value i of biasing winding is obtained with collectionbias, and Current calculation public affairs FormulaWithIt can resolve and obtain the interval x-axis direction suspension with afterflow interval of the Ith conducting The reference value of winding currentWith the reference value of y-axis direction suspending windings electric currentWherein NsFor the suspending windings number of turn;
Using Current cut control method, the actual current i of two suspending windings is allowedxAnd iyIts reference value is tracked respectivelyWith So as to adjust the suspending power in the interval in real time;
Step E-2, regulation the IIth turns on interval suspending power, now θ ∈ [θs, θona+45°];
According to the suspending powerWith the biasing winding current reference value I obtained in step C-1m, and Current calculation public affairs FormulaWithThe x-axis direction suspending windings electric current obtained in the IIth conducting interval can be resolved Reference valueWith the reference value of y-axis direction suspending windings electric current
Using Current cut control method, the actual current i of A phase torque windings is allowedaTracking biasing winding current reference value Im, allow The actual current i of two suspending windingsxAnd iyIts reference value is tracked respectivelyWithSo as to adjust the suspension in the interval in real time Power, and then realize the suspension operation of each rotor cycle;
Step F, adjusts torque, by adjusting turn-on angle θonWith shut-off angle θoffValue, so as to adjust torque in real time;A phase torques Winding only allows its actual current tracking reference value I in the IIth conducting intervalm, the negative torque produced in the interval, still by opening Current flow angle θonWith shut-off angle θoffDynamic regulation, compensate.
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CN107612255A (en) * 2017-09-19 2018-01-19 南京埃克锐特机电科技有限公司 A kind of five degree of freedom taper magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor and control method
CN109802613A (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-05-24 南京邮电大学 Based on the BSRMWR method for suppressing torque ripple for opening hold-off angle control
CN112532147A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-19 南京邮电大学 Co-excitation control method of magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor
CN113113994A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-07-13 南京邮电大学 Bearingless switched reluctance motor, power converter and control method
CN114977892A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-08-30 南京工程学院 Decoupling control device and control method for magnetic suspension motor
CN115001183A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-02 南京邮电大学 Magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor and suspension force control device, method and system thereof
CN116255395A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-06-13 淮阴工学院 Constant current source excitation six-pole active electromagnetic bearing and design method
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CN106059425A (en) * 2016-02-16 2016-10-26 国家电网公司 Control method for dual-winding magnetic suspension switched reluctance generator

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CN107612255A (en) * 2017-09-19 2018-01-19 南京埃克锐特机电科技有限公司 A kind of five degree of freedom taper magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor and control method
CN109802613A (en) * 2019-02-15 2019-05-24 南京邮电大学 Based on the BSRMWR method for suppressing torque ripple for opening hold-off angle control
CN112532147A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-19 南京邮电大学 Co-excitation control method of magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor
CN112532147B (en) * 2020-12-01 2022-07-22 南京邮电大学 Co-excitation control method of magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor
CN113113994A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-07-13 南京邮电大学 Bearingless switched reluctance motor, power converter and control method
CN113113994B (en) * 2021-04-12 2022-04-15 南京邮电大学 Bearingless switched reluctance motor, power converter and control method
WO2023216635A1 (en) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-16 中国矿业大学 Axial flux switched reluctance motor having wide and narrow stator poles, and control method therefor
CN115001183A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-02 南京邮电大学 Magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor and suspension force control device, method and system thereof
CN115001183B (en) * 2022-06-29 2024-07-05 南京邮电大学 Magnetic suspension switch reluctance motor and suspension force control device, method and system thereof
CN114977892A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-08-30 南京工程学院 Decoupling control device and control method for magnetic suspension motor
CN116255395A (en) * 2022-12-30 2023-06-13 淮阴工学院 Constant current source excitation six-pole active electromagnetic bearing and design method
CN116255395B (en) * 2022-12-30 2024-01-05 淮阴工学院 Constant current source excitation six-pole active electromagnetic bearing and design method

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