CN107104420B - I segment protection method of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access - Google Patents
I segment protection method of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access Download PDFInfo
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- CN107104420B CN107104420B CN201710381594.9A CN201710381594A CN107104420B CN 107104420 B CN107104420 B CN 107104420B CN 201710381594 A CN201710381594 A CN 201710381594A CN 107104420 B CN107104420 B CN 107104420B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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Abstract
The invention belongs to circuit on power system relay protection field more particularly to a kind of I segment protection methods of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access.The present invention constructs virtual similar triangles using post-fault system voltage and current phasor geometrical property, and construction novel fault distance solution equation accurately solves fault distance accordingly, correctly distinguishes internal fault external fault in conjunction with fault localization fluctuation assistant criteria.This method is not influenced by transition resistance, can be accurately positioned to abort situation merely with single-end electrical quantity information, and reliably distinguishes internal fault external fault in combination with assistant criteria.In addition, this method is suitable for the distancing element of various fault types and various acting characteristics, there is good universality and do not influenced by the UPFC method of operation, provides solid theoretical calculation basis for the projects of relay protection containing UPFC route and research and development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to circuit on power system relay protection fields, more particularly to one kind to connect suitable for THE UPFC
I segment protection method of route distance entered.
Background technique
With the fast development of Chinese economy, modern power systems gradually become largest, level in modern industry
Most complicated, the highest huge non-linear physical system of dimension of integrated degree.At the same time, modern power systems, which are also faced with, is
The problems such as system planning is with most optimum distribution of resources, safe and stable operation.To solve these problems, Flexible AC transmission system
(FACTS) it comes into being, combines modern power electronics technology, automatic control technology and computer technology, it can be achieved that electricity
Safer, more stable, more efficient, the more flexible control of Force system.UPFC (THE UPFC) is former as third generation FACTS
Series compensation and shunt compensation can be achieved at the same time in part, has the incomparable advantage of tradition FACTS device.Theory analysis and work
Journey example shows that UPFC can realize that quickly frequent adjust controls, and significantly mentions to system load flow in turn to voltage, phase angle, impedance
Elevated track conveying capacity and the oscillation of system maintenance level damping system, therefore experts and scholars have carried out it largely to grind both at home and abroad
Study carefully, specifically includes that physical model, electromagnetic transient simulation, system concussion and control strategy etc..However UPFC is improving system performance
While also change the electrical quantity as relay protection criterion such as impedance, voltage, phase angle, and then threaten protective relaying device
Action message, the influence for protection of especially adjusting the distance is the most serious: having document to carry out the transmission line impedance based on UPFC
Detailed analysis, it is indicated that different installation sites have a great impact to protection act boundary, and think that UPFC can make system transient modelling
Process complicates, and theoretically detailed analysis UPFC adjusts the distance the influence of protection, propose determined based on Digital Simulation it is similar
In the adjusting boundary of artificial neural network (ANN)；Furthermore there is distance protection caused by UPFC in scholar's detailed analysis double loop
Malfunction case, and propose adaptive distance protection method for this problem.Since UPFC can run on various working and not
It differs greatly with operating parameter under operating condition, therefore the needs of the adaptive distance protection based on ANN are largely tested and learnt,
And the clock synchronization processing that other distance protecting methods need system both ends stringent, there is higher requirement to communication system, therefore inconvenient
In implementation.So need a kind of new Distance Protection Algorithm with solve failure of the route containing UPFC through transition Resistance Fault when away from
The problem of from accurately calculating.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, for transition resistance and UPFC access to route distance
The influence of protection proposes a kind of I segment protection method of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access, after failure
System voltage electric current geometrical property constructs similar triangles and construction fault distance solves equation accordingly, accurately solves fault distance
While combination failure ranging fluctuation assistant criteria correctly distinguish internal fault external fault.
Technical method of the invention is as described below:
A kind of I segment protection method of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: building fault localization equation；According to network analysis figure is simplified, using voltage and current phasor diagram after failure as base
Plinth constructs similar triangles；Fault distance percentage, which is constructed, according to the corresponding sides ratio equal principle of similar triangles solves public affairs
Formula solves fault distance percentage P by search one by one method；
Step 2: failure criterion solves；Fault localization mean value p is solved according to the fault distance solution formula of step 1 buildingm
And fault localization variance D (p)；
Step 3: judging operation condition；Fault localization mean value p described in judgment step twomThe meter of its fault localization variance D (p)
Calculate whether result meets distance protection operation condition.
The fault distance percentage solution formula is as follows:
In formula:Installation place is protected to measure voltage for line end,Installation place is protected to measure electric current for line end,For faulty line positive sequence impedance angle, ZLFor total track length positive sequence impedance, p is fault distance percentage, that is, protects installation place extremely
The ratio of line length and total track length between fault point；
When system is single-phase grounding fault:
In formula,Installation place is protected to measure voltage for line end,Installation place is protected to measure electric current for line end,For the phase voltage of single-phase grounding fault route,For the phase current of single-phase grounding fault route,
For system zero-sequence current, intermediate variableZ1For route positive sequence impedance, Z0For route zero sequence impedance；
When system is phase fault:
In formula,For line end protect installation place measure voltage,Installation place is protected to measure electric current for line end,For the line voltage of phase fault route,For the line current of phase fault route,
The fault localization mean value pmAnd the method for solving of fault localization variance D (p) is as follows: sample frequency is determined, with complete
All fourier algorithms solve the fundametal compoment of sampled signal in the second cycle, and it is corresponding to calculate each point according to fault distance solution formula
Fault localization mean value pmAnd fault localization variance D (p), constitute assistant criteria.
The step 3 is specific as follows:
Step 301: by pmAnd D (p) is brought into, judges whether to meet distance protection operation condition:
P in formulam≤psetFor distance protection operation equation；D (p) < 0.1 is to distinguish whether fault coverage includes the auxiliary of UPFC
Help criterion；pmFor fault localization mean value；psetFor I section of setting valve of traditional distance protection, whereinZLJust for total track length
Sequence impedance；D (p) is fault localization variance；
Step 302: working as pm, D (p) is when being all satisfied distance protection operation condition, be determined as protection scope internal fault, UPFC's
To I section of trip protection of lateral extent.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Of the invention I section of distance protection is not influenced by transition resistance and UPFC, merely with single-end electrical quantity information
Abort situation is accurately positioned, and can reliably distinguish internal fault external fault according to the fluctuation of fault distance calculated result.In addition, this
Invention is suitable for the distancing element of various fault types and various acting characteristics, and is not influenced by the UPFC method of operation, has
Good universality, calculating is simple and reliable, there is certain engineering significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the I segment protection method flow chart of route distance of UPFC access；
Attached drawing 2 is system schematic containing UPFC；
Attached drawing 3 is UPFC simplified model and abort situation schematic diagram；
System positive sequence network figure after 4 line fault containing UPFC of attached drawing；
System negative sequence network figure after 5 line fault containing UPFC of attached drawing；
System zero-sequence network figure after 6 line fault containing UPFC of attached drawing；
System voltage electric current phasor figure when failure at 7 F1 of attached drawing；
System voltage electric current phasor figure when failure at 8 F2 of attached drawing；
Fault distance calculated result figure when attached drawing 9Rg=30 Ω；
Fault distance calculated result figure when attached drawing 10Rg=60 Ω；
Fault distance calculated result figure when attached drawing 11Rg=100 Ω；
Fault distance calculated result figure when 12 F2 point failure of attached drawing；
Specific embodiment
The main thought of this method is that virtual similar triangle is constructed using post-fault system voltage and current phasor geometrical property
Shape, and construction novel fault distance solution equation accurately solves fault distance accordingly, sentences in conjunction with fault localization fluctuation auxiliary
Internal fault external fault is distinguished according to correct.The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Attached drawing 1 is UPFC access
I segment protection method flow chart of route distance, as shown in Figure 1, first construct fault localization equation, according to simplify network analysis
Figure, to construct similar triangles based on voltage and current phasor diagram after failure；It is equal according to the corresponding sides ratio of similar triangles
Principle constructs fault distance percentage solution formula, is solved by search one by one method to fault distance percentage；Next is asked
Failure criterion is solved, the mean value p of fault distance percentage is solved according to the fault distance solution formula of step 1 buildingmAnd failure away from
Variance D (p) from percentage；Finally judge operation condition, judges fault distance percentage mean value pmThe calculating of its variance D (p)
As a result whether meet distance protection operation condition:If pmIt is all satisfied distance protection operation condition with D (p), then is determined
For in protection scope internal fault, UPFC to I section of trip protection of lateral extent, otherwise directly exit, judgement terminates.
Further, during constructing fault localization equation, it is described that the specific method is as follows: first will be as shown in Figure 2
System schematic containing UPFC is simplified, and simplified model and abort situation are as shown in figure 3, short circuit occurs for F1 point in Fig. 3
Failure, the side M be line end, UPFC by route beginning N flank into.Since Y-Y is respectively adopted in the series-parallel converter power transformer of UPFC
With the Y- Δ mode of connection, and two kinds of equal net sides of the mode of connection are earth-free, therefore post-fault system zero-sequence current is not passed through UPFC sheet
Body device will not change the zero-sequence network structure of post-fault system.Route containing UPFC according to Fig.3, simplifies signal accordingly
Figure draws the positive three sequence network figure of negative zero of post-fault system, and as shown in Figure 4-Figure 6, attached drawing 4- attached drawing 6 is respectively UPFC line fault
System positive sequence network figure, negative sequence network figure and zero-sequence network figure afterwards, by Fig. 4-Fig. 6 it is found that the access of UPFC is in zero-sequence network
Series connection converter power transformer zero sequence leakage reactance is only introduced, and is accessed without zero-sqeuence potential, and then maintain network structure constant；However just
Positive sequence potential is introduced by series connection converter power transformer respectively in negative sequence networkWith negative phase-sequence potentialSequence web frame is changed, is led to
Often under three-stage control system adjustment effect, UPFC can be according to system requirements multi-mode operation, to reach scheduling when steady-state operation
Grade control target.By UPFC control theory it is found that UPFC power output and control system parameter are system phase angle difference, frequency, voltage, electricity
Electrical quantity, the system failures such as stream will certainly change above-mentioned electrical quantity, and power, the balance of voltage when destroying normal operation, UPFC
Can control system realize former control target and restore former equilibrium state and be difficult to predict, even if restoring Yuanping City's weighing apparatus or establishing new flat
Weighing apparatus is also required to a dynamic adjustment process, and period UPFC series branch power output can the moment change under control system adjustment effect
Change, therefore the guard method that can adjust the distance causes very big influence.The present invention analyzes mould to line fault containing UPFC according to Fig. 3 thus
Type carries out accident analysis:
From the side route M, when failure, which is located at F1 etc. in Fig. 3, does not include the position of UPFC, then the side line end M is protected
It is as follows that installation place measures voltage expression:
In formula, Z is to protect installation place to the route positive sequence impedance between fault point；Respectively line end is protected
Installation place measures voltage, measurement electric current；For fault point voltage；
When system is single-phase grounding fault:
In formulaZ1、Z0Respectively route positive sequence, zero sequence impedance；Respectively line end protection peace
Voltage, measurement electric current are measured at dress；For the phase voltage of single-phase grounding fault route,For single-phase grounding fault
The phase current of route, For system zero-sequence current；
When system is phase fault:
In formula,Respectively line end protection installation place measurement voltage, measurement electric current；For phase fault event
Hinder the line voltage of route,For the line current of phase fault route,
According to voltage-current relationship after above-mentioned shown failure, with fault branch electric current after failureTo draw event with reference to phasor
System protection installation place measures electric current after barrierMeasure voltageFault point voltageFault branch electric currentProtect installation place to line voltage distribution between fault pointPhasor diagram；System voltage electric current phase when attached drawing 7 is failure at F1
Spirogram, as shown in fig. 7, extendingWithPoint B is met at, in the figureFor known quantity, and such as failure in figure
Point voltageProtect installation place to line voltage distribution between fault pointEqual unknown quantitys are by the expression of fault distance percentage, the event
Hindering apart from percentage is ratio of the protection installation place to route positive sequence impedance and total track length positive sequence impedance between fault point, therefore is built
Vertical fault distance percentage equation, and then solve unknown quantity.Phasor diagram according to figure 7, it is several according to voltage and current in figure
What characteristic adds auxiliary line again and constitutes similar triangles Δ OCD and Δ MAD, and solves each corner of similar triangles, due to Δ
OCD~Δ MAD is known using similar triangles corresponding sides ratio is equalExpression formula will be respectively measured in formula to bring into
Construct fault distance percentage solution formula:
In formula,Respectively line end protection installation place measurement voltage, measurement electric current；For faulty line
Positive sequence impedance angle, ZLFor total track length positive sequence impedance, p is that fault distance percentage protects installation place long to route between fault point
The ratio of degree and total track length.
When system is single-phase grounding fault:In formulaZ1、Z0Respectively
For route positive sequence, zero sequence impedance,Respectively line end protection installation place measurement voltage, measurement electric current；For list
The phase voltage of phase ground short circuit faulty line,For the phase current of single-phase grounding fault route, For system
Zero-sequence current；When system is phase fault,In formulaRespectively line end is protected
Installation place measures voltage, measurement electric current；For the line voltage of phase fault route,For phase fault route
Line current,Only one unknown quantity, that is, fault distance percentage p in f (p) enables f (p)=0 solve.By
It is nonlinear equation in f (p)=0, therefore can be solved by search one by one method.
Further, during solving failure criterion, it is described that the specific method is as follows: UPFC as shown in Figure 3 simplifies mould
Type and abort situation schematic diagram, when failure, which is located at F2 etc. in Fig. 3, includes the position of UPFC, UPFC series branch connects in the line
Enter the potential of a time-varyingThe installation place measurement voltage expression of line end protection at this time is as follows:
Z in formulaTFor series transformer leakage reactance, ZLFor,For UPFC series branch offset voltage,Respectively line
Installation place measurement voltage, measurement electric current are protected in road end,For fault point voltage；
As shown in figure 8, as seen from Figure 8, the access of UPFC destroys system voltage electric current phasor relationship when failure at F2
Δ OC ' D~Δ M ' A ' D ' geometrical relationship, thus the resulting fault localization of this method cannot correct faults distance, and
And have biggish fluctuation.However failure occurs when not including the position of UPFC, ranging is stablized, and fluctuation is smaller, accordingly can benefit
Assistant criteria is constituted with ranging fluctuation size to distinguish internal fault external fault.After line fault containing UPFC can be obtained in summary
The opposite side distance protection criterion of UPFC: determining sample frequency first, solves sampled signal in the second cycle with full-wave fourier algorithm
Fundametal compoment, the corresponding fault distance percentage mean value p of each point is calculated according to fault distance solution formulamAnd variance D (p),
To constitute assistant criteria.
Further, during judging operation condition, it is described that the specific method is as follows: by pmAnd D (p) brings distance protection into
Operation equation judges whether to meet distance protection operation condition:
P in formulam≤psetFor traditional distance protection operation equation；D (p) < 0.1 is to distinguish whether fault coverage includes UPFC
Assistant criteria；WhereinFor I section of setting valve of traditional distance protection；ZLFor total track length positive sequence impedance, pmFor failure survey
Away from mean value, D (p) is the variance of fault localization；
D (p) reflects the fluctuation of fault localization, constitute judge fault coverage whether include UPFC assistant criteria,
The influence for the factor that measurement error, distribution capacity etc. may make fault localization result generate fluctuation is considered, therefore by criterion
Boundary is set to 0.1.Work as pmJust it is determined as protection scope internal fault when being all satisfied distance protection operation condition with D (p), accordingly
UPFC to I section of trip protection of lateral extent.
Embodiment 1
With specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described below.220KV dual power supply containing UPFC as shown in Figure 2 supplies
In electric system,Line length is 100km, and distance protection setting is the 80% of total track length,
UPFC rated capacity is 100MVA.By the art common knowledge it is found that system maximum possible transition after the 220KV system failure
Resistance is 100 Ω, therefore takes system through 30 Ω, 60 Ω, 100 Ω, tri- transition resistance values respectively, near protection scope end
It is analyzed for single phase ground fault failure, it is assumed that failure occurs after system runs 7s.Experimental data and emulation knot
Fruit takes in second cycle sampled data through complete cycle fourier all using failure initial time, that is, 7s as time zero using MATLAB
Gained is calculated after algorithm filtering.Its simulation result is as Figure 9-Figure 11.Simulation result at F2 shown in Fig. 3 when failure is as schemed
Shown in 12, Rg is transition resistance, p in figureFIt is physical fault apart from percentage.
By simulation result diagram 9- Figure 11 analysis it is found that guard method of the invention is by fault transient influenced it is smaller, can be quick
Correct distance measurement result is acquired, error meets requirement of the high-pressure system to protective device quick-action less than 3%；The fluctuation of ranging simultaneously
Property it is smaller, ranging standard deviation be 10-4Left and right.Therefore fault distance can be correctly solved, and then guarantees that I section of distance will not tripping or mistake
It is dynamic.As shown in Figure 12, outside protection zone when F2 point failure, fault localization is larger, is all larger than setting valve 0.1.It can be seen that this hair
The major-minor criterion of bright accompanying method complements each other, and can accurately distinguish internal fault external fault, while can overcome transition resistance and UPFC
It adjusts the distance the influence of protection.
This embodiment is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of protection of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of I segment protection method of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: building fault localization equation；It is basic structure with voltage and current phasor diagram after failure according to network analysis figure is simplified
Make similar triangles；Fault distance percentage solution formula is constructed according to the corresponding sides ratio equal principle of similar triangles, is led to
Search one by one method is crossed to solve fault distance percentage P；
Voltage and current phasor diagram is with fault branch electric current after failure after the failureFor the post-fault system drawn with reference to phasor
Installation place is protected to measure electric currentMeasure voltageFault point voltageFault branch electric currentProtect installation place to event
Line electricity between barrier pointPhasor diagram；
Step 2: failure criterion solves；Fault localization mean value p is solved according to the fault distance percentage P that step 1 is calculatedmAnd
Fault localization variance D (p)；
The fault localization mean value pmAnd the method for solving of fault localization variance D (p) is as described below:
It determines sample frequency, the fundametal compoment of sampled signal in the second cycle is solved with full-wave fourier algorithm, is obtained according to solution
Fault distance percentage P, calculate the corresponding mean value of each point and variance to get fault localization mean value p is arrivedmAnd fault localization variance
D (p), wherein D (p) constitutes assistant criteria；
Step 3: judging operation condition；Fault localization mean value p described in judgment step twomThe calculating knot of its fault localization variance D (p)
Whether fruit meets distance protection operation condition.
2. a kind of I segment protection method of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the fault distance percentage solution formula is as follows:
In formula:Installation place is protected to measure voltage for line end,Installation place is protected to measure electric current for line end,For
Faulty line positive sequence impedance angle, ZLFor total track length positive sequence impedance, p is fault distance percentage, i.e. protection installation place to failure
The ratio of line length and total track length between point；
When system is single-phase grounding fault,
In formula,Installation place is protected to measure voltage for line end,Installation place is protected to measure electric current for line end,For
The phase voltage of single-phase grounding fault route,For the phase current of single-phase grounding fault route, To be
System zero-sequence current, intermediate variableZ1For route positive sequence impedance, Z0For route zero sequence impedance；
When system is phase fault,
In formula,For line end protect installation place measure voltage,Installation place is protected to measure electric current for line end,For
The line voltage of phase fault route,For the line current of phase fault route,
3. a kind of I segment protection method of route distance suitable for THE UPFC access according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the step 3 is specific as follows:
Step 301: by pmAnd D (p) is brought into, judges whether to meet distance protection operation condition:
In formula: pm≤psetFor distance protection operation equation；D (p) < 0.1 is to distinguish whether fault coverage includes that the auxiliary of UPFC is sentenced
According to；pmFor fault localization mean value；psetFor I section of setting valve of traditional distance protection, whereinZLFor the resistance of total track length positive sequence
It is anti-；D (p) is fault localization variance；
Step 302: working as pm, D (p) is when being all satisfied distance protection operation condition, be determined as protection scope internal fault, the opposite side of UPFC
I section of trip protection of distance.
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| CN110265980B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2021-11-02 | 昆明理工大学 | UPFC (unified power flow controller) and fixed series compensation C-containing hybrid compensation line protection method based on correlation analysis |
| CN110470950B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Fault location method for power transmission line |
| CN110470949A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-19 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Fault positioning method for transmission line |
| CN112485601B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-08-25 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Fault analysis method and system based on double-end line electrical quantity information |
| CN113109661A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-13 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for calculating protection action time of power transmission line |
| CN113567808B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-06-28 | 华北电力大学 | Unified power flow controller access line fault positioning method and system |
| CN114696304B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-04-07 | 天津大学 | Single-end quantity protection method of alternating current transmission line based on UPFC boundary |
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| CN104134968B (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2017-04-12 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Protection method and system for unified power flow controller |
| CN105207186B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-11-21 | 江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of distance protecting method for the transmission line of electricity containing THE UPFC |
| CN109245058B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2021-01-01 | 许继集团有限公司 | UPFC-containing power transmission line rapid distance protection method and device |
| CN106340862B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-11-13 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of distance protecting method for the transmission line of electricity containing series devices |
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