CN107102208A - The measuring method and device of a kind of impulse earthed resistance - Google Patents
The measuring method and device of a kind of impulse earthed resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN107102208A CN107102208A CN201710279073.2A CN201710279073A CN107102208A CN 107102208 A CN107102208 A CN 107102208A CN 201710279073 A CN201710279073 A CN 201710279073A CN 107102208 A CN107102208 A CN 107102208A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides the measuring method and device of a kind of impulse earthed resistance, be related to Lightning Prevention Technique field, solve occur in the prior art the problem of the resistance of the impulse earthed resistance measured caused by whole current loop impedance difference can cause the current waveform of output different does not have referring to property.This method includes：Fundamental frequency frequency sweep to grounding body injected frequency from lightning current to highest frequency continuous current input signal；The voltage responsive sequence and output current response sequence of grounding body are measured at different frequencies；The the first current-responsive sequence for obtaining constant amplitude is modified to the current-responsive sequence of output, and the voltage responsive sequence of the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement of the current-responsive sequence and constant amplitude according to output is modified, and obtains first voltage response sequence；The impulse earthed resistance that sequence determines grounding body is deployed according to the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum of constant amplitude.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measuring method and device in Lightning Prevention Technique field, more particularly to a kind of impulse earthed resistance.
Background technology
Impulse earthed resistance is when flowing through earthing or grounding means to the electric current of certain specific waveforms, produced by the earthing or grounding means
Voltage condition a kind of description.Due to there is parasitic structure inductance in earthing or grounding means, so that the ground connection dress measured
The output voltage and the waveform of electric current put are not necessarily identical, thus define impulse earthed resistance for voltage waveform peak value with it is specific
The ratio of current waveform peak value.
In the prior art, when measuring impulse earthed resistance, carried out usually using low-frequency singalling current as access signal
Measure impulse earthed resistance.However, meeting is measured using the low-frequency singalling current because not accounting for the influence of stray inductance,
So that measurement result is seriously less than normal, particularly when multipoint earthing, the measured condition of effect of the on line inductance between each point is weak
Change so that measurement result is more inaccurate.Thus need just to meet Practical Project as access signal using high frequency signal current
In to impact grounding resistance measurement demand.
Thus, in the prior art there is provided a kind of heavy impulse current device, the device uses heavy impulse current waveform conduct
Access signal injection earthing or grounding means measures impulse earthed resistance.Impulse earthed resistance is surveyed although this measuring method meets
The demand of amount, but the heavy impulse current device heavy impulse current device be by the energy storage of high pressure bulky capacitor, control igniting gap breakdown,
The voltage stored up on electric capacity is applied to including being tested on the whole discharge loop of grounding body, so that it is heavier, nothing
Method takes onsite application to, is generally only used in laboratory, and whole current loop impedance difference can cause the heavy impulse current
The current waveform of device output is different, needs experienced engineer's adjustment waveform to export same current wave under different impedances
Shape, due to the device in whole process all in time domain scale so that the current waveform is difficult to be adjusted at the scene, this
Sample causes the waveform of output to be unsatisfactory for the requirement of rated current waveform, so as to cause what is calculated according to above-mentioned current waveform
The resistance of impulse earthed resistance is inaccurate, not referring to property (compared to true resistive value farther out).
The content of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide the measuring method and device of impulse earthed resistance, solve what is occurred in the prior art
The impulse earthed resistance measured caused by whole current loop impedance difference can cause the current waveform of output different
Resistance the problem of do not have referring to property.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the invention are adopted the following technical scheme that：
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention includes there is provided a kind of measuring method of impulse earthed resistance, methods described：
Continuous current input signal is injected to grounding body, contained by the frequency from lightning current of the continuous current input signal
Fundamental frequency frequency sweep is to the highest frequency contained by lightning current；
The voltage responsive sequence and output current response sequence of grounding body are measured at different frequencies；
The the first current-responsive sequence for obtaining constant amplitude is modified to the current-responsive sequence of output, and according to output
Current-responsive sequence and the constant amplitude the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement voltage responsive sequence be modified, obtain
To first voltage response sequence；
According to the first current-responsive sequence and the first voltage response sequence and lightning current wave of the constant amplitude
Shape frequency spectrum expansion sequence determines the impulse earthed resistance of the grounding body.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention includes there is provided a kind of measurement apparatus of impulse earthed resistance, described device：
Signal generator, for injecting continuous current input signal, the frequency of the continuous current input signal to grounding body
Fundamental frequency frequency sweep contained by rate from lightning current is to the highest frequency contained by lightning current；
Processor, for supporting the voltage responsive sequence and output current that measure grounding body to respond sequence at different frequencies
Row；
The processor, is additionally operable to be modified the current-responsive sequence of output the first electric current for obtaining constant amplitude sound
Answer sequence, and the voltage of the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement of the current-responsive sequence and the constant amplitude according to output rings
Answer sequence to be modified, obtain first voltage response sequence；
The processor, is additionally operable to according to the first current-responsive sequence of the constant amplitude and first voltage response
Sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determine the impulse earthed resistance of the grounding body..
The measuring method and device of the impulse earthed resistance provided in the embodiment of the present invention, by injecting constant amplitude to grounding body
Current input signal, contained by fundamental frequency frequency sweep to the lightning current contained by the frequency from lightning current of the continuous current input signal
Highest frequency；The voltage responsive sequence and output current response sequence of grounding body are measured at different frequencies；To the electric current of output
Response sequence is modified the first current-responsive sequence for obtaining constant amplitude, and current-responsive sequence according to output and described
The voltage responsive sequence of the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement of constant amplitude, which is modified, obtains first voltage response sequence；Root
Determined according to the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum the expansion sequence of constant amplitude
The impulse earthed resistance of grounding body.
Compared to prior art, this programme to grounding body by injecting continuous current input signal, continuous current input
Fundamental frequency frequency sweep contained by the frequency from lightning current of signal is to the highest frequency contained by lightning current so that the process of measurement is in
Under frequency domain coordinates, voltage responsive sequence and the current-responsive sequence of output then in frequency domain coordinates to measurement are modified,
The the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence of constant amplitude are obtained, is then rung with the first electric current of the constant amplitude
Sequence and first voltage response sequence is answered to determine the impulse earthed resistance of grounding body, due to the voltage responsive in this programme to measurement
Sequence and current-responsive sequence are corrected according to the principle of constant current scheme so that the first electric current of revised constant amplitude
Response sequence disclosure satisfy that the requirement of rated current waveform so that the resistance for the impulse earthed resistance finally determined compared with
For accurately and with referring to property.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also
To obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the measuring method of impulse earthed resistance provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the time domain waveform and frequency domain amplitude versus frequency characte figure of lightning current provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the voltage responsive of a kind of frequency spectrum graphicses of continuous current output signal provided in an embodiment of the present invention and measurement
The spectrogram of sequence；
Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of measuring circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of the measurement apparatus of impulse earthed resistance provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
The peripheral hardware circuit diagram that Fig. 6 is provided for the embodiment of the present invention based on Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The core concept of this programme is, by being measured in frequency domain, to be carried out with reference to the time domain that is defined on of impulse earthed resistance
Calculating is handled, because time-domain and frequency-domain is 2 mathematical spaces can mutually changing, and carrying out impact by means of the two spaces connects
The measurement of ground resistance so that measured result has validity and realizability.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measuring method of impulse earthed resistance, as shown in figure 1, this method includes：
101st, continuous current input signal is injected to grounding body.
Wherein, the fundamental frequency frequency sweep contained by the frequency from lightning current of above-mentioned continuous current input signal is to lightning current institute
The highest frequency contained.
It is preferred that, the executive agent of above-mentioned step 101 is signal generator.
Exemplary, mathematically, the waveform of above-mentioned lightning current is double-exponential function i (t), with reference to following formula one.
I (t)=B* (e-t/τ1-e-t/τ2), (formula one)
Wherein, the B in formula one is the amplitude of electric current, and τ 1 is the time constant of waveform attenuating, and τ 2 is the wave head rise time
Constant；T is time variable.Shown in (a) in the corresponding oscillogram of formula one such as Fig. 2.
Above-mentioned formula one is carried out to make periodic function after continuation in appropriate time domain, frequency spectrum contained by i (t) point is done
Amount parsing, is transformed into frequency-domain analysis, can obtain such as following formula two.The corresponding oscillogram of formula two such as (b) institute in Fig. 2
The amplitude versus frequency characte shown.
Bn (k)=∫ [i (t) * (cos (k*w*t)+j*sin (k*w*t))] dt, (formula two)
Wherein, above-mentioned k is overtone order, and w is fundamental wave angular frequency, and w=2 π f, t are time variable, and ∫ [] dt is integration
Computing is identified.
Exemplary, above-mentioned amplitude versus frequency characte Bn (k) can be prestored in the memory space of device or instrument.Signal is sent out
Under the operational control of processor of the raw device in device or instrument, according to carrying out frequency spectrum solution to current waveform in above-mentioned formula two
The harmonious wave frequency rate of fundamental frequency during analysis, since fundamental frequency f1, changes the measurement working frequency of output, frequency sweep by Frequency point
To the highest frequency fn contained by lightning current signals.In a frequency domain one group of continuous current signal, its frequency spectrum are sent to tested grounding body
For An (k) ', shown in (a) seen in Fig. 3.If An (k) ' for etc. amplitude, equivalent to sending a unitary current in the time domain
Impulse function δ (t).
102nd, the voltage responsive sequence and output current response sequence of grounding body are measured at different frequencies.
It is exemplary, due to there is high-frequency resistance in actual grounding body, the grounding body measured at different frequencies
Voltage and instrument or device output current value are different, and the current amplitude of signal generator output will be because of working frequency not
Change together, it is impossible to meet output unit current impulse function δ (t) requirement, exported so actual must measure and record
Current amplitude An (k).
Exemplary, the schematic diagram of measuring circuit as shown in Figure 4 can just be measured by the Fig. 4 and obtained in different frequencies
The voltage responsive sequence and output current response sequence of grounding body under rate.Voltage is measured on tested impulse earthed resistance Z (ω)
And output current, survey the current-responsive sequence that the voltage responsive spectrum sequence Cn (k) and instrument or device obtained in frequency domain is exported
Arrange shown in (b) in An (k), the voltage responsive sequence C n (k) of corresponding measurement spectrogram such as Fig. 3.Wherein：Constant pressure in Fig. 4
Signal source S (being made up of signal generator and power amplifier) is if keep quilt under constant voltage output amplitude, different frequencies
Impedance Z (ω) difference is surveyed, electric current I (ω) amplitude is just different.The internal resistance that r in Fig. 4 is constant voltage signal source S, the machine shown in it
It is the recovery reference point of constant voltage signal source S output currents interiorly, is greatly the relative potentials reference point of tested grounding body.
Exemplary, the harmonious wave frequency rate of fundamental frequency in above-mentioned different frequency correspondence formula two.From fundamental frequency f1
To highest frequency fn.
103rd, it is modified the first current-responsive sequence for obtaining constant amplitude to the current-responsive sequence of output, and according to
The voltage responsive sequence of the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement of the current-responsive sequence and constant amplitude of output is modified, and is obtained
To first voltage response sequence.
Exemplary, if the current-responsive sequence An (k) of output is same value, Cn (k) is tested grounding body
Frequency domain voltage responsive sequence.But due to the presence of the high-frequency resistance in grounding body so that the current-responsive of final above-mentioned output
Sequence An (k) is not with always, it is therefore desirable to the An (k) is handled using hardware negative-feedback or mathematical processing methods
The current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude.What the mode of hardware negative-feedback may be caused in very wide frequency range because of load
Time-lag action produces self-excitation, can be unstable.So here using the current-responsive sequence exported by mathematical method amendment.With reference to
Fig. 4, is linear proportional relation using the voltage on Z (ω) and signal source S, when calculating using the current amplitude under fundamental frequency as
Voltage under basis, other frequencies is scaled up with respect to it, and the voltage output amplitude equivalent to dummy source S is improved, real
Border is scaled up the response amplitude of voltage, current amplitude is considered as same value, so that the first electric current for obtaining constant amplitude rings
Answer sequence and first voltage response sequence.
Exemplary, above-mentioned step 103 specifically includes herein below：
103a1, the voltage responsive sequence of measurement brought into first voltage correction formula, obtain first voltage response sequence
Row.
103b1, the current-responsive sequence of output brought into the first electric current correction formula, obtain the first electricity of constant amplitude
Flow response sequence；
Exemplary, above-mentioned first voltage correction formula is：
Cn (k)=U (k) * I (1)/I (k), (formula three)
Exemplary, the first above-mentioned electric current correction formula is：
An (k)=I (1), (formula four)
Wherein：K=1~n in above-mentioned formula three and four, above-mentioned U (k) are the in the voltage responsive sequence of measurement
K rd harmonic signal data, above-mentioned I (k) is the kth rd harmonic signal data in the current-responsive sequence of output, above-mentioned I
(1) it is the current first harmonics data in the current-responsive sequence of output, above-mentioned Cn (k) is first voltage response sequence, above-mentioned
An (k) is the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude.
For defect the influenceing, it is necessary to the voltage responsive sequence of measurement to experimental result of lowering apparatus or device itself
The whole degree amendment of difference between diversity channels is carried out with current-responsive sequence.Optionally, before above-mentioned step 103, this method also include with
Lower content：
103a2, according to voltage channel correction factor the voltage responsive sequence of measurement is modified, and according to current channel
Correction factor is modified to the current-responsive sequence of measurement, obtains revised second voltage response sequence and the second electric current rings
Answer sequence.
Exemplary, above-mentioned step 103a2 specifically includes herein below：
A1, voltage channel correction factor brought into second voltage correction formula, obtain second voltage response sequence, and will
Current channel correction factor is brought into the second electric current correction formula, obtains the second current-responsive sequence.
Exemplary, above-mentioned second voltage correction formula is：
U (k) '=Kx_u (k) * U (k), (formula five)
Wherein, above-mentioned U (k) ' is second voltage response sequence, and above-mentioned Kx_u (k) is voltage channel correction factor, on
The U (k) stated is the voltage responsive sequence of measurement.
Exemplary, the second above-mentioned electric current correction formula is：
I (k) '=Kx_i (k) * I (k), (formula six)
Wherein, above-mentioned I (k) ' is the second current-responsive sequence, and above-mentioned Kx_i (k) is current channel correction factor, on
The I (k) stated is the current-responsive sequence of output.
Exemplary, above-mentioned current channel correction factor：Kx_i (k)=I (1)/I (k), above-mentioned voltage channel amendment
Coefficient is：Kx_u (k)=U (1)/U (k), wherein：The fundamental wave data that k=1~n, U (1) and I (1) correspondences are measured and exported, U
(k) the kth subharmonic data for measuring and exporting with I (k) correspondences.Above-mentioned current channel correction factor and voltage channel amendment system
Number be in processor (for example：Single-chip microcomputer) under control, control relay suits, and it is defeated that input correction unit replaces outside measured signal
Go out to input end loop, response amplitude is corrected, the frequency of the control source passage and current measurement passage of correcting instrument is rung
Answer irregularity degree；Correct current channel adjusted coefficient K x_i (k), the voltage channel adjusted coefficient K x_u (k) of respective frequencies.Should
Kx_i (k), Kx_u (k) are stored in the nonvolatile storage of processor, are called during test processes.
Exemplary, based on above-mentioned step 103a2, above-mentioned step 103 specifically includes herein below：
103a3, second voltage response sequence brought into first voltage correction formula, obtain first voltage response sequence.
103b3, the second current-responsive sequence brought into the first electric current correction formula, obtain the first electric current of constant amplitude
Response sequence.
Wherein, above-mentioned first voltage correction formula remains as above-mentioned formula three, the first above-mentioned electric current correction formula
Remain on as above-mentioned formula four, simply the U (k) in above-mentioned formula three is the kth subharmonic in second voltage response sequence
I (k) in signal data, above-mentioned formula three is the kth rd harmonic signal data in the second current-responsive sequence, above-mentioned I
(1) it is the current first harmonics data in the second current-responsive sequence, and first voltage response sequence is remained as Cn (k), it is above-mentioned
An (k) remain as the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude.
104th, according to the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform of constant amplitude frequency
Spectral expansion sequence determines the impulse earthed resistance of grounding body.
It is exemplary, based on above-mentioned step 103a1 and 103a2, or the perseverance in above-mentioned step 103a3 and 103b3
The the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence of tentering value, and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determine ground connection
The impulse earthed resistance of body.
In order that the resistance for obtaining the impulse earthed resistance for the grounding body finally determined is more accurate, use preferably is above-mentioned
Step 103a3 and 103b3 in constant amplitude the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence, and lightning current
Waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determines the impulse earthed resistance of grounding body.
Exemplary, above-mentioned step 104 specifically includes herein below：
104a, to be Fourier to the first current-responsive sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum of constant amplitude expansion sequence anti-
Transformation calculations obtain temporal current waveform, and first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence are in Fu
Leaf inverse transformation calculates time domain voltage waveforms.
Exemplary, step 104a can be realized by following formula seven and formula eight.Specific formula seven and public affairs
Formula eight distinguishes as follows：
Wherein, the An [k] in above-mentioned formula seven is the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude, and i (t) is temporal current
Waveform；Cn [k] in above-mentioned formula eight is first voltage response sequence, and u (t) is time domain voltage waveforms；Formula seven and formula
Bn [k] in eight deploys sequence, e for lightning current waveform frequency spectrumjkφFor the Fourier transformation factor, wherein：ω is fundamental wave angular frequency when lightning current waveform does frequency domain parsing.
104b, the maximum voltage value determined in maximum voltage value and time domain voltage waveforms in temporal current waveform.
Exemplary, the data that time domain voltage waveforms u (t) and current waveform i (t) are mathematically simply arranged in order
Point, can find the maximum u in u (t) and i (t) waveforms by the method for point-by-point comparisonmaxAnd imax。
104c, the impulse earthed resistance for determining according to maximum voltage value and maximum current value grounding body.
Exemplary, according to the definition of impulse earthed resistance, pass through r=umax/imaxObtain impulse earthed resistance value.The knot
Fruit mathematically with dash current measurement method equivalent, and current waveform is not analyzed because of frequency shift by impedance loop
Influence.
Compared to prior art, this programme to grounding body by injecting continuous current input signal, continuous current input
Fundamental frequency frequency sweep contained by the frequency from lightning current of signal is to the highest frequency contained by lightning current so that the process of measurement is in
Under frequency domain coordinates, voltage responsive sequence and the current-responsive sequence of output then in frequency domain coordinates to measurement are modified,
The the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence of constant amplitude are obtained, is then rung with the first electric current of the constant amplitude
Sequence and first voltage response sequence is answered to determine the impulse earthed resistance of grounding body, due to the voltage responsive in this programme to measurement
Sequence and current-responsive sequence are corrected according to the principle of constant current scheme so that the first electric current of revised constant amplitude
Response sequence disclosure satisfy that the requirement of rated current waveform so that the resistance for the impulse earthed resistance finally determined compared with
For accurately and with referring to property.
Below by the associated description in the embodiment of the measuring method based on the corresponding impulse earthed resistances of Fig. 1 to the present invention
A kind of measurement apparatus for impulse earthed resistance that embodiment is provided is introduced.It is related to above-described embodiment in following examples
The explanation of technical term, concept etc. is referred to the above embodiments, repeats no more here.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of measurement apparatus of impulse earthed resistance, as shown in figure 5, the device includes：Signal
Generator 21 and processor 22, wherein：
Signal generator 21, for injecting continuous current input signal, the frequency of the continuous current input signal to grounding body
Fundamental frequency frequency sweep contained by rate from lightning current is to the highest frequency contained by lightning current.
Processor 22, for supporting the voltage responsive sequence and output current that measure grounding body to respond sequence at different frequencies
Row.
Processor 22, is additionally operable to be modified the current-responsive sequence of output the first current-responsive for obtaining constant amplitude
Sequence, and the voltage responsive sequence of the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement of current-responsive sequence according to output and constant amplitude
Carry out, amendment obtains first voltage response sequence.
Processor, is additionally operable to the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence and thunder and lightning according to constant amplitude
Stream waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determines the impulse earthed resistance of grounding body.
Exemplary, above-mentioned processor includes but is not limited to single-chip microcomputer.
Exemplary, above-mentioned processor 22 is modified in the current-responsive sequence to output obtains the of constant amplitude
One current-responsive sequence, and the electricity of the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement of current-responsive sequence according to output and constant amplitude
Pressure response sequence is modified, when obtaining first voltage response sequence, specifically for：
The voltage responsive sequence of measurement is brought into first voltage correction formula, first voltage response sequence is obtained.
The current-responsive sequence of output is brought into the first electric current correction formula, the first current-responsive of constant amplitude is obtained
Sequence.
Exemplary, above-mentioned first voltage correction formula is：
Cn (k)=U (k) * I (1)/I (k), (formula three)
Exemplary, the first above-mentioned electric current correction formula is：
An (k)=I (1), (formula four)
Wherein：K=1~n in above-mentioned formula three and four, above-mentioned U (k) are the in the voltage responsive sequence of measurement
K rd harmonic signal data, above-mentioned I (k) is the kth rd harmonic signal data in the current-responsive sequence of output, above-mentioned I
(1) it is the current first harmonics data in the current-responsive sequence of output, above-mentioned Cn (k) is first voltage response sequence, above-mentioned
An (k) is the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude.
Optionally, above-mentioned processor 22 is additionally operable to：
The voltage responsive sequence of measurement is modified according to voltage channel correction factor, and according to current channel amendment system
Several current-responsive sequences to output are modified, and obtain revised second voltage response sequence and the second current-responsive sequence
Row.
Exemplary, above-mentioned processor 22 is carried out according to voltage channel correction factor to the voltage responsive sequence of measurement
Second-order correction, and the current-responsive sequence of output is modified according to current channel correction factor, obtain revised second
When voltage responsive sequence and the second current-responsive sequence, specifically for：
Voltage channel correction factor is brought into second voltage correction formula, second voltage response sequence is obtained, and by electricity
Circulation road correction factor is brought into the second electric current correction formula, obtains the second current-responsive sequence.
Exemplary, above-mentioned second voltage correction formula is：
U (k) '=Kx_u (k) * U (k), (formula five),
Wherein, above-mentioned U (k) ' is second voltage response sequence, and above-mentioned Kx_u (k) is voltage channel correction factor, on
The U (k) stated is the voltage responsive sequence of measurement.
Exemplary, the second above-mentioned electric current correction formula is：
I (k) '=Kx_i (k) * I (k), (formula six)
Wherein, above-mentioned I (k) ' is the second current-responsive sequence, and above-mentioned Kx_i (k) is current channel correction factor, on
The I (k) stated is the current-responsive sequence of output.
Exemplary, above-mentioned current channel correction factor：Kx_i (k)=I (1)/I (k), above-mentioned voltage channel amendment
Coefficient is：Kx_u (k)=U (1)/U (k), wherein：The fundamental wave data that k=1~n, U (1) and I (1) correspondences are measured and exported, U
(k) the kth subharmonic data for measuring and exporting with I (k) correspondences.Above-mentioned current channel correction factor and voltage channel amendment system
Number be in processor (for example：Single-chip microcomputer) under control, control relay suits, and it is defeated that input correction unit replaces outside measured signal
Go out to input end loop, response amplitude is corrected, the frequency of the control source passage and current measurement passage of correcting instrument is rung
Answer irregularity degree；Correct current channel adjusted coefficient K x_i (k), the voltage channel amendment Kx_u (k) of respective frequencies.The Kx_i
(k), Kx_u (k) is stored in the nonvolatile storage of processor, is called during test processes.
Exemplary, above-mentioned processor 22 is responded according to the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage of constant amplitude
When sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determine the impulse earthed resistance of grounding body, specifically for：
The first current-responsive sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence to constant amplitude does Fourier inversion
Time domain current waveform is calculated, and it is anti-to be Fourier to first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence
Transformation calculations obtain time domain voltage waveforms.
Exemplary, above-mentioned processor 22 can calculate time domain voltage by following formula seven and formula eight
Waveform and temporal current waveform.Specific formula seven and formula eight distinguish as follows：
Wherein, the An [k] in above-mentioned formula seven is the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude, and i (t) is temporal current
Waveform；Cn [k] in above-mentioned formula eight is first voltage response sequence, and u (t) is time domain voltage waveforms；Formula seven and formula
Bn [k] in eight deploys sequence, e for lightning current waveform frequency spectrumjkφFor the Fourier transformation factor, wherein：ω is fundamental wave angular frequency when lightning current waveform does frequency domain parsing.
Determine the maximum voltage value in the maximum voltage value and the time domain voltage waveforms in temporal current waveform.
Exemplary, the data that time domain voltage waveforms u (t) and current waveform i (t) are mathematically simply arranged in order
Point, can find the maximum u in u (t) and i (t) waveforms by the method for point-by-point comparisonmaxAnd imax。
The impulse earthed resistance of grounding body is determined according to maximum voltage value and the maximum current value.
Exemplary, according to the definition of impulse earthed resistance, pass through r=umax/imaxObtain impulse earthed resistance value.The knot
Fruit mathematically with dash current measurement method equivalent, and current waveform is not analyzed because of frequency shift by impedance loop
Influence.
Compared to prior art, this programme to grounding body by injecting continuous current input signal, continuous current input
Fundamental frequency frequency sweep contained by the frequency from lightning current of signal is to the highest frequency contained by lightning current so that the process of measurement is in
Under frequency domain coordinates, voltage responsive sequence and the current-responsive sequence of output then in frequency domain coordinates to measurement are modified,
The the first current-responsive sequence and first voltage response sequence of constant amplitude are obtained, is then rung with the first electric current of the constant amplitude
Sequence and first voltage response sequence is answered to determine the impulse earthed resistance of grounding body, due to the voltage responsive in this programme to measurement
Sequence and current-responsive sequence are corrected according to the principle of constant current scheme so that the first electric current of revised constant amplitude
Response sequence disclosure satisfy that the requirement of rated current waveform so that the resistance for the impulse earthed resistance finally determined compared with
For accurately and with referring to property.
The embodiment of the hardware circuit of the embodiment of the present invention is presented below, processor here is carried out by taking single-chip microcomputer as an example
Explanation.
As shown in fig. 6, can learn：Signal generator 301 sends measurement procedure signified under the control of single-chip microcomputer 302
Determine the sinusoidal signal of frequency sequence, the whole measurement process of instrument or device is in frequency domain coordinates, by the basis of single-chip microcomputer 302
The measured value size of electric current and voltage channel, the multiplication factor of adjustment high-frequency signal output power amplifier 303, control high frequency letter
The output voltage amplitude of number power amplifier 303.
Exemplary, above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer can be selected in ATM32 chips, the ATM32 chips except enough programs are empty
Between it is outer, additionally provide that certain random access memory space is used for interim storage that sampled data calculates and the storage of correction factor is empty
Between.Above-mentioned signal generator can be using digital frequency synthesis technology (referred to as：DDS) device；Model X9313 can be used
Digital regulation resistance control power amplifier output voltage amplitude.
According to the control relay 304 of input order single-chip microcomputer 302 of operating personnel, by self-correcting standard block 305 or outside
Measured signal I/O 306 connect measuring loop into instrument or device, instrument or device is in self-correcting or normal
Measuring state.
Exemplary, the relay for the 5V voltage power supplies that above-mentioned relay can be thrown using 4 knives 2, normally-closed contact is connected to
Outside measured signal I/O, normally opened contact is connected to self-correcting standard block.According to the scope of measurand, it is above-mentioned from
School standard block selects 100 Europe measuring resistances of 0.2% precision.
Output voltage signal in the measurement apparatus of impulse earthed resistance in the embodiment of the present invention is in opposite sets machine
Ground, it is unrelated where the actual potential of external world's the earth relative with the device, it specifically may be referred to the content shown in Fig. 3.
Current measurement circuit 307 will be connected on from all electric current collections for flowing through measured signal I/O 306 to one
In machine on the sample resistance on ground, the voltage on the sample resistance is proportional to the electric current of output, and feeding modulus turns after appropriate amplification
Parallel operation 308.Voltage measurement circuit uses the voltage input circuit 309 of anti-common-mode signal, and its input port connects from the tested external world
Sampled on ground resistance.Voltage signal passes through 50HZ filter circuits 310, and 10 times are done to live power frequency interference signals that may be present
Suppression, finally send into analog-digital converter 308, measured simultaneously with current signal.
Exemplary, the high speed with sampling holder that above-mentioned analog-digital converter 308 can be measured simultaneously from binary channels
Spend high-precision adc, it is desirable to which its signal is by frequency up to 2MHz, and sample rate is more than 100kHz chip.Using mixed
Folded effect principle, is acquired to below frequency 300khz repetitive waveform.
It is preferred that, the model AD7656 that above-mentioned analog-digital converter can be used, precision is 16bits, and sample frequency is most
A height of 250KHz, with sampling holder, signal is 2MHz by frequency；Input channel is connected to electric current, voltage and battery respectively
Measurement channel.Under the support of single-chip microcomputer, the aliasing sampled measurements of 2MHz within signal can be done.
Above-mentioned device is also circumscribed with LCDs 311, the LCDs 311 in addition to display waveform and data,
The touch function of institute's band will support simple human-computer dialogue operation selection.
Above-mentioned device is after measurement process terminates, when being calculated, will be relevant with measurement by power supply management circuit 312
Working power excision required for partial circuit, reduces battery consumption.Display power supply is kept within the time of setting, at one section
Between when not operating, battery will be protected by automatic shutdown circuitry 313 by the power-off of whole device.
Optionally, above-mentioned device also includes working power and special charging circuit 314, and the working power is using 2 sections
3.7V lithium battery, its mode of operation is respective charge independence, discharged in series.Each battery is equipped with exclusive Charge Management electricity
Road, it is ensured that charging is reliable.
Optionally, above-mentioned device is additionally provided with battery voltage measurement circuit 315, and electricity is checked in start and measurement process
Cell voltage, when voltage is less than lower limit value as defined in battery, provides and is shut down after prompting.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that, for description
It is convenient and succinct, can as needed will be upper only with the division progress of above-mentioned each functional module for example, in practical application
State function distribution to be completed by different functional modules, i.e., the internal structure of device is divided into different functional modules, to complete
All or part of function described above.The specific work process of the system, apparatus, and unit of foregoing description, before may be referred to
The corresponding process in embodiment of the method is stated, be will not be repeated here.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed device can be by others side
Formula is realized.For example, device embodiment described above is only schematical, for example, the division of the module or unit, only
Only a kind of division of logic function, can there is other dividing mode when actually realizing, such as multiple units or component can be tied
Another system is closed or is desirably integrated into, or some features can be ignored, or do not perform.It is another, it is shown or discussed
Coupling each other or direct-coupling or communication connection can be the INDIRECT COUPLINGs or logical of device or unit by some interfaces
Letter connection, can be electrical, machinery or other forms.
The unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be it is physically separate, it is aobvious as unit
The part shown can be or may not be physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed to multiple
On NE.Some or all of unit therein can be selected to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme according to the actual needs
's.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the invention can be integrated in a processing unit, can also
That unit is individually physically present, can also two or more units it is integrated in a unit.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member can both be realized in the form of hardware, it would however also be possible to employ the form of SFU software functional unit is realized.
If the integrated unit is realized using in the form of SFU software functional unit and as independent production marketing or used
When, it can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Understood based on such, technical scheme is substantially
The part contributed in other words to prior art or all or part of the technical scheme can be in the form of software products
Embody, the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are to cause a computer
Equipment (can be personal computer, server, or network equipment etc.) or processor (processor) perform the present invention each
The all or part of step of embodiment methods described.And foregoing storage medium includes：USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only storage
(ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD
Etc. it is various can be with the medium of store program codes.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of measuring method of impulse earthed resistance, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Continuous current input signal, the fundamental wave contained by the frequency from lightning current of the continuous current input signal are injected to grounding body
Highest frequency contained by frequency-swept to lightning current；
The voltage responsive sequence and output current response sequence of grounding body are measured at different frequencies；
The the first current-responsive sequence for obtaining constant amplitude is modified to the current-responsive sequence of output, and according to the electricity of output
Stream response sequence and the voltage responsive sequence of the first current-responsive sequence pair of constant amplitude measurement are modified, and obtain the
One voltage responsive sequence；
According to the first current-responsive sequence and the first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform of the constant amplitude frequency
Spectral expansion sequence determines the impulse earthed resistance of the grounding body.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the current-responsive sequence of described pair of output, which is modified, to be obtained
First current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude, and current-responsive sequence and the first electric current sound of the constant amplitude according to output
The voltage responsive sequence for answering sequence pair to measure is modified, and is obtained first voltage response sequence, is specifically included：
The voltage responsive sequence of measurement is brought into first voltage correction formula, first voltage response sequence is obtained；
The current-responsive sequence of output is brought into the first electric current correction formula, the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude is obtained
Row；
Wherein, first voltage correction formula is：Cn (k)=U (k) * I (1)/I (k), the first electric current correction formula is：An
(k)=I (1), wherein：K=1~n, the U (k) is the kth rd harmonic signal data in the voltage responsive sequence of measurement, described
I (k) for output current-responsive sequence in kth rd harmonic signal data, the I (1) for output current-responsive sequence in
Current first harmonics data, the Cn (k) be first voltage response sequence, the An (k) be constant amplitude the first current-responsive
Sequence.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the current-responsive sequence of described pair of output, which is modified, to be obtained
Before first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude, in addition to：
The voltage responsive sequence of measurement is modified according to voltage channel correction factor, and according to current channel correction factor pair
The current-responsive sequence of output is modified, and obtains revised second voltage response sequence and the second current-responsive sequence.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described according to voltage of the voltage channel correction factor to measurement
Response sequence is modified, and the current-responsive sequence of output is modified according to current channel correction factor, is corrected
Second voltage response sequence afterwards and the second current-responsive sequence, are specifically included：
Voltage channel correction factor is brought into second voltage correction formula, second voltage response sequence is obtained, and electric current is led to
Road correction factor is brought into the second electric current correction formula, obtains the second current-responsive sequence；
Wherein, second voltage correction formula is：U (k) ,=Kx_u (k) * U (k), the U (k) is second voltage response sequence,
The Kx_u (k) is voltage channel correction factor, and the U (k) is the voltage responsive sequence of measurement；Second electric current correction formula
For：I (k) ,=Kx_i (k) * I (k), the I (k) is the second current-responsive sequence, and the Kx_i (k) is current channel amendment
Coefficient, the I (k) is the current-responsive sequence of output.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the first current-responsive sequence according to the constant amplitude
Row and the first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determine the impulse grounding electricity of the grounding body
Resistance, is specifically included：
The first current-responsive sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence to the constant amplitude does Fourier inversion
Time domain current waveform is calculated, and the first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence are in Fu
Leaf inverse transformation calculates time domain voltage waveforms；
Determine the maximum voltage value in the maximum voltage value and the time domain voltage waveforms in the temporal current waveform；
The impulse earthed resistance of the grounding body is determined according to the maximum voltage value and the maximum current value.
6. a kind of measurement apparatus of impulse earthed resistance, it is characterised in that described device includes：
Signal generator, for injecting continuous current input signal to grounding body, the frequency of the continuous current input signal from
Fundamental frequency frequency sweep contained by lightning current is to the highest frequency contained by lightning current；
Processor, voltage responsive sequence and output current response sequence for supporting measurement grounding body at different frequencies；
The processor, is additionally operable to be modified the current-responsive sequence of output the first current-responsive sequence for obtaining constant amplitude
Arrange, and the voltage responsive sequence of the first current-responsive sequence pair measurement of the current-responsive sequence and the constant amplitude according to output
Row are modified, and obtain first voltage response sequence；
The processor, is additionally operable to the first current-responsive sequence and the first voltage response sequence according to the constant amplitude
And lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determines the impulse earthed resistance of the grounding body.
7. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the processor is repaiied to the current-responsive sequence of output
Just obtaining the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude, and the current-responsive sequence and the first of the constant amplitude according to output
The voltage responsive sequence of current-responsive sequence pair measurement is modified, when obtaining first voltage response sequence, specifically for：
The voltage responsive sequence of measurement is brought into first voltage correction formula, first voltage response sequence is obtained；
The current-responsive sequence of output is brought into the first electric current correction formula, the first current-responsive sequence of constant amplitude is obtained
Row；
Wherein, first voltage correction formula is：Cn (k)=U (k) * I (1)/I (k), the first electric current correction formula is：An
(k)=I (1), wherein：K=1~n, the U (k) is the kth rd harmonic signal data in the voltage responsive sequence of measurement, described
I (k) for output current-responsive sequence in kth rd harmonic signal data, the I (1) for output current-responsive sequence in
Current first harmonics data, the Cn (k) be first voltage response sequence, the An (k) be constant amplitude the first current-responsive
Sequence.
8. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the processor is additionally operable to：
The voltage responsive sequence of measurement is modified according to voltage channel correction factor, and according to current channel correction factor pair
The current-responsive sequence of output is modified, and obtains revised second voltage response sequence and the second current-responsive sequence.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the processor according to voltage channel correction factor to surveying
The voltage responsive sequence of amount is modified, and the current-responsive sequence of output is modified according to current channel correction factor,
When obtaining revised second voltage response sequence and the second current-responsive sequence, specifically for：
Voltage channel correction factor is brought into second voltage correction formula, second voltage response sequence is obtained, and electric current is led to
Road correction factor is brought into the second electric current correction formula, obtains the second current-responsive sequence；
Wherein, second voltage correction formula is：U (k) ,=Kx_u (k) * U (k), the U (k) is second voltage response sequence,
The Kx_u (k) is voltage channel correction factor, and the U (k) is the voltage responsive sequence of measurement；Second electric current correction formula
For：I (k) ,=Kx_i (k) * I (k), the I (k) is the second current-responsive sequence, and the Kx_i (k) is current channel amendment
Coefficient, the I (k) is the current-responsive sequence of measurement.
10. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the processor is in first according to the constant amplitude
Current-responsive sequence and the first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence determine the grounding body
During impulse earthed resistance, specifically for：
The first current-responsive sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence to the constant amplitude does Fourier inversion
Time domain current waveform is calculated, and the first voltage response sequence and lightning current waveform frequency spectrum expansion sequence are in Fu
Leaf inverse transformation calculates time domain voltage waveforms；
Determine the maximum voltage value in the maximum voltage value and the time domain voltage waveforms in the temporal current waveform；
The impulse earthed resistance of the grounding body is determined according to the maximum voltage value and the maximum current value.
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Effective date of registration: 20210806 Address after: 510700 3rd, 4th and 5th floors of building J1 and 3rd floor of building J3, No.11 Kexiang Road, Science City, Luogang District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: China Southern Power Grid Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: WUHAN WUGAO ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510080 West Tower 13-20 Floor, Shui Jungang 6 and 8 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: China Southern Power Grid Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: CSG POWER GRID TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER Patentee before: WUHAN WUGAO ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |