CN107100625B - Overlying strata water filling filling, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method - Google Patents
Overlying strata water filling filling, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107100625B CN107100625B CN201710305269.4A CN201710305269A CN107100625B CN 107100625 B CN107100625 B CN 107100625B CN 201710305269 A CN201710305269 A CN 201710305269A CN 107100625 B CN107100625 B CN 107100625B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- -1 at low cost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of water filling filling of overlying strata, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method, is particularly suitable for fwaater resources protection and the surface subsidence control of coal mining.First obtain overlying strata correlation geologic information; appropriate opportunity is selected to drill in reasonable layer position; and carry out overlying strata high pressure water injection; lower part rock mass is actively compacted by absciss layer area pressure water injection; to achieve the purpose that reduce water flowing fractured zone development height, the impermeable layer thickness led between high and water-bearing layer is increased indirectly, improves the water-resisting ability of water barrier; the fwaater resources protection under the high tension coal mining of mine of western is realized, is the important component of coal mine lasting exploit.Its method is simple and convenient to operate, is practical, capital investment is few, at low cost and pollution-free to water-bearing layer, simultaneously can make full use of mine discharge water resource, be able to solve cause underground water to be largely lost in existing mining, the problem of water pollution and Water-saving effect difference.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water retaining mining method, the overlying strata water filling filling for being particularly suitable for coal mining reduce lead it is high
Water retaining mining method.
Background technique
Coal resources in China is mainly distributed on the north and the Northwest of arid and semi-arid, and coal mining often leads to mining area
The water resources such as the betrunking of stream, groundwater level decline be largely lost phenomenon.Meanwhile it can also be discharged in progress of coal mining big
The mine water of amount and old water in gob area, annual mine water discharge amount can reach 46 billion cubic meters, and averagely often adopting 1t coal will discharge
2m3The water of left and right, average utilization only 26%.Mine water resource shortage and the discharge of Mine System have seriously affected the mining area people
Life, constrain economic sustainable development, hinder the developing steps of national Ecological Civilization Construction.Coal mining is to environment
Contradiction between the destruction and the ecological protections such as water resource of water resource is outstanding day by day, and water-retaining production technology is to solve this contradiction
Provide direction.
Striping noise, the exploitation of room (column) formula, wangeviry mining method, knife pillar-and-panel work etc. belong to partial mining method, i.e.,
A part of coal resources are only produced, using the movement for the coal column control overlying rock left, lead height to reduce to reach water conservation
The requirement of exploitation, still, such method resource recovery rate are low, are typically only 20~50%, resources loss is serious；(super) Gao Shuicai
Material filling, waste filling, paste body filling etc. belong to filling mining method, i.e., fill external material in goaf, pass through this
The movement of a little obturation control overlying rocks leads height to realize water-retaining production, disadvantage is that filling mining to reduce
Cost is very high, filling process is complicated, investment is big, production efficiency is low；Groundwater reservoir is to deposit the aquifer water transfer of Mining failure
It stores up in old goaf, by caved gangue purified treatment and energetically recycles old water in gob area, the method increase
The utilization rate of mine water, but the leakage of aquifer water or the decline of level of ground water are inevitably resulted in, and in groundwater reservoir
Water receive heavy metal ion pollution, can not generally be used as domestic water.Therefore, seek pollution-free, at low cost, resource reclaim
The recovery method that rate is high, Water-saving effect is good is to realize the inevitable choice of Coal Green exploitation.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention, shortcoming in view of the above technology, provide it is a kind of it is convenient and easy, at low cost, environmental-friendly, adopt and fill
Method small, that height of water flowing fractured zone is effectively reduced is interfered, directly overlying strata are filled as filling medium using mining area waste water
The water retaining mining method filled out.
In order to achieve the above objectives, overlying strata of the invention water filling filling, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method, and its step are as follows:
A. production zone water-bearing layer position and sand coated iron mold feature are determined by hydrogeologic prospecting first；
B. multiple water injecting drillings are being arranged to the earth's surface above mining face coal seam, and overall length is installed in water injecting drilling
Steel water injecting drilling casing；
Wherein first water injecting drilling is arranged in the current coal work Middle face in coal seam, and horizontal distance cuts a 40m~90m
Place, along advance of the face direction arranged for interval water injecting drilling until current exploitation working face stop adopt line；
Water injecting drilling is bored by ground configuration position is vertically lower, and lower drilling depth should be located at leading above height of normally exploiting or need to protect
It is water filling layer position in the aqueous position layer by layer of shield；
C., high-pressure hydraulic pump, and the ground water-supply-pipe formed using screwed flange and stainless steel tube are set at water injecting drilling
High-pressure hydraulic pump and water injecting drilling casing are fastenedly connected by road；
D. working face mining is carried out according to conventional production practice, section isolated coal pillar is retained when exploitation, works as the advance of the face
When to horizontal distance water injecting drilling 10m-30m, height is carried out into water injecting drilling by ground hydraulic pipeline using high-pressure hydraulic pump
Pressure injection water, injects water into overlying strata；
E. the water injection rate filled the water to water injecting drilling mesohigh is read using the flowmeter for being located at high-pressure hydraulic pump water outlet,
When reaching the 30%~45% of goaf volume to the total amount of overlying strata injection water, stop water filling；
F. high-pressure hydraulic pump is closed, ground hydraulic pipeline is removed, sealing of hole is carried out to water injecting drilling using concreteness material；
G. step c, d, e, f are repeated, it is just right when the advance of the face is at next water injecting drilling 10-30m
Corresponding water injecting drilling implements high pressure water injection, until the water filling and sealing of hole work of all water injecting drillings are completed, in the working face extraction
While, it tunnels the stope drift active workings of next Adjacent Working Face and cuts eye；
H. after the completion of working face extraction, the stope drift active workings dug by next Adjacent Working Face are to being completed back production
Be in tilted layout at overlying strata multiple drillings that discharge water above working face, and multiple drillings that discharge water are put along advance of the face direction arranged for interval
Water dip angle of hole is 37 ° ~ 42 °, and the drilling that discharges water is drilled into water filling layer position, is emitted into back the water for injecting overlying strata using drilling is discharged water
It adopts in the sink of tunnel and ground is discharged by underground drainage system, to eliminate gushing water hidden danger, discharge water simultaneously, overlying rock is integrally transported
Dynamic, development degree is low again in crack, effective protection overlying aquifer water resource；
I. step g and step h is repeated to complete all water-retaining productions to mining coal seam.
The hydrogeologic prospecting determines production zone water-bearing layer position and sand coated iron mold feature includes rock bulk densityInformation
With rock stratum buried depth H information；The pressure of the high pressure water injection is higher than water filling layer position strata pressure 0.5-1Mpa.The overlying strata water filling
The water source that method uses is mine water, old water in gob area or earth surface water source, is not necessarily to secondary operation, is situated between directly as filling
Matter.The spacing of wells of the water injecting drilling (7) and the drilling (10) that discharges water is 300~500m, and specific spacing is by place work
Face mining conditions and corresponding sand coated iron mold feature determine.
The utility model has the advantages that
1. reducing the development height for adopting water flowing fractured zone by overlying strata high pressure water injection, water proof thickness is increased indirectly
Degree, improves the water-resisting ability of water barrier, to realize water-retaining production；
2. material source is extensive using water as unique filler, at low cost, waste water of mine can be directly taken, is not necessarily to
Secondary operation improves mine drainage utilization rate；And, ecological safety pollution-free to the water-bearing layer water body that need to be protected；
3. this method realizes that simple, easy for construction, comprehensive benefit is good, it is only necessary in several high-pressure hydraulic pumps of ground configuration, close
Reason design water filling layer position and waterflood timing, control pressure, can be filled the water by water injecting drilling to destination layer position；
4. surface drilling the injecting process and down-hole coal excavation work is independent carries out, interfere with each other small, ensure that the production of working face
Amount.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is that high water retaining mining method schematic diagram is led in overlying strata water filling reduction of the invention；
Fig. 2 is of the invention to be inclined to pouring water into borehole along working face and drilling discharges water schematic diagram.
In figure: 1- earth's surface, the water-bearing layer that 2- need to be protected, the coal seam 3-, the goaf 4-, 5- high-pressure hydraulic pump, the ground 6- water-supply-pipe
Road, 7- water injecting drilling, the water producing fractures belt profile that 8- is normally exploited, the water producing fractures belt profile after 9- water filling, 10- discharge water brill
Hole, 11- section isolated coal pillar,Impermeable layer thickness under normal mining conditions,Water proof thickness under the conditions of overlying strata water filling
Degree,Height of water flowing fractured zone under normal mining conditions,Height of water flowing fractured zone under the conditions of overlying strata water filling.
Specific embodiment
One embodiment of the present of invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, overlying strata of the invention water filling filling, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method, and its step are as follows:
A. production zone water-bearing layer position and sand coated iron mold feature are determined by hydrogeologic prospecting first；The hydrology
Geological prospecting determines production zone water-bearing layer position and sand coated iron mold feature includes rock bulk densityInformation and rock stratum buried depth H information；
The pressure of the high pressure water injection is higher than water filling layer position strata pressure 0.5-1Mpa；
B. multiple water injecting drillings 7, and the overall length in water injecting drilling 7 are being arranged to the earth's surface 1 above mining face coal seam 3
Install steel water injecting drilling casing；The spacing of wells of water injecting drilling 7 is 300~500m, and specific spacing is by place working face
Mining conditions and corresponding sand coated iron mold feature determine；
Wherein first water injecting drilling 7 is arranged in the current coal work Middle face in coal seam 3, horizontal distance cut a 40m~
At 90m, along advance of the face direction arranged for interval water injecting drilling 7 until current exploitation working face stop adopt line；
Water injecting drilling 7 is bored by ground configuration position is vertically lower, and lower drilling depth should lead above height or need positioned at what is normally exploited
It is water filling layer position in 2 layers of the water-bearing layer position of protection；
C., high-pressure hydraulic pump 5, and the ground water delivery formed using screwed flange and stainless steel tube are set at water injecting drilling 7
High-pressure hydraulic pump 5 and water injecting drilling casing are fastenedly connected by pipeline 6；
D. working face mining is carried out according to conventional production practice, section isolated coal pillar 11 is retained when exploitation, when working face pushes away
When proceeding at horizontal distance water injecting drilling 710m-30m, pass through ground hydraulic pipeline 6 into water injecting drilling 7 using high-pressure hydraulic pump 5
High pressure water injection is carried out, overlying strata are injected water into；The water source that the method for overlying strata water filling uses be mine water, old water in gob area or
It is earth surface water source, secondary operation is not necessarily to, directly as filling medium；
E. the water filling filled the water to 7 mesohigh of water injecting drilling is read using the flowmeter for being located at 5 water outlet of high-pressure hydraulic pump
Amount stops water filling when reaching the 30%~45% of 4 volume of goaf to the total amount of overlying strata injection water；
F. high-pressure hydraulic pump 5 is closed, ground hydraulic pipeline 6 is removed, sealing of hole is carried out to water injecting drilling 7 using concreteness material；
G. step c, d, e, f are repeated, it is just right when the advance of the face is at next water injecting drilling 710-30m
Corresponding water injecting drilling 7 implements high pressure water injection, until completing the water filling and sealing of hole work of all water injecting drillings 7, returns in the working face
While adopting, tunnels the stope drift active workings of next Adjacent Working Face and cut eye；
H. after the completion of working face extraction, the stope drift active workings dug by next Adjacent Working Face are to being completed back production
Be in tilted layout at overlying strata multiple drillings 10 that discharge water above working face, and multiple drillings 10 that discharge water are along advance of the face direction interval cloth
It sets, the spacing of wells for the drilling 10 that discharges water is 300~500m, and specific spacing is by place working face mining condition and corresponding overlying strata
Structure feature determines that 10 inclination angles of drilling that discharge water are 37 ° ~ 42 °, and the drilling 10 that discharges water is drilled into water filling layer position, and using discharging water, drilling 10 will
The water of injection overlying strata is emitted into stope drift active workings sink and ground is discharged by underground drainage system, to eliminate gushing water hidden danger, discharges water
Meanwhile overlying rock mass motion, development degree is low again in crack, effective protection overlying aquifer water resource；
I. step g and step h is repeated to complete all water-retaining productions to mining coal seam.
As shown in Figure 1, water filling layer lower part rock mass actively pushes, caving zone under the effect of 5 water injection pressure of ground high-pressure hydraulic pump
Spoil is compacted rapidly, and the water producing fractures belt profile 8 normally exploited forms the water producing fractures belt wheel after water filling after high pressure water injection
Exterior feature 9, height of water flowing fractured zone will be from the height under normal mining conditionsDrop to the water flowing fractured zone under the conditions of overlying strata water filling
Highly, and impermeable layer thickness then fromIncrease to the impermeable layer thickness under the conditions of overlying strata water filling, enhance the resistance of water barrier
Outlet capacity, to realize water protection mining.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of overlying strata water filling filling, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method, it is characterised in that steps are as follows:
A. production zone water-bearing layer position and sand coated iron mold feature are determined by hydrogeologic prospecting first；
B. multiple water injecting drillings (7) are being arranged to the earth's surface (1) above mining face coal seam (3), and in water injecting drilling (7)
Overall length installs steel water injecting drilling casing；
Wherein first water injecting drilling (7) is arranged in the current coal work Middle face in coal seam (3), horizontal distance cut a 40m~
At 90m, along advance of the face direction arranged for interval water injecting drilling (7) until current exploitation working face stop adopt line；
Water injecting drilling (7) is bored by ground configuration position is vertically lower, and lower drilling depth should be located at leading above height of normally exploiting or need to protect
It is water filling layer position in water-bearing layer (2) layer position of shield；
C. the ground water delivery for high-pressure hydraulic pump (5) being set at water injecting drilling (7), and being formed using screwed flange and stainless steel tube
High-pressure hydraulic pump (5) is fastenedly connected by pipeline (6) with water injecting drilling casing；
D. carry out working face mining according to conventional production practice, before exploitation according to geology condition determining work face rational width and
It stays and sets section isolated coal pillar, when at the advance of the face to horizontal distance water injecting drilling (7) 10m-30m, utilize high-pressure hydraulic pump (5)
High pressure water injection is carried out into water injecting drilling (7) by ground hydraulic pipeline (6), injects water into overlying strata；
E. the water filling filled the water to water injecting drilling (7) mesohigh is read using the flowmeter for being located at high-pressure hydraulic pump (5) water outlet
Amount stops water filling when reaching the 30%~45% of goaf (4) volume to the total amount of overlying strata injection water；
F. high-pressure hydraulic pump (5) are closed, removes ground hydraulic pipeline (6), water injecting drilling (7) is sealed using concreteness material
Hole；
G. step c, d, e, f are repeated, when the advance of the face is at next water injecting drilling (7) 10-30m, just to phase
Water injecting drilling (7) are answered to implement high pressure water injection, until the water filling and sealing of hole work of all water injecting drillings (7) are completed, in the working face
While back production, tunnels the stope drift active workings of next Adjacent Working Face and cut eye；
H. after the completion of working face extraction, the stope drift active workings dug by next Adjacent Working Face are to the work that back production is completed
Inclination arrangement is multiple at overlying strata above face discharges water drilling (10), and multiple drillings (10) that discharge water are along advance of the face direction interval cloth
It sets, drilling (10) inclination angle that discharges water is 37 ° ~ 42 °, and the drilling (10) that discharges water is drilled into water filling layer position, and using discharging water, drilling (10) will inject
The water of overlying strata is emitted into stope drift active workings sink and ground is discharged by underground drainage system, to eliminate gushing water hidden danger, discharges water simultaneously,
Overlying rock mass motion, development degree is low again in crack, effective protection overlying aquifer water resource；
I. step g and step h is repeated to complete all water-retaining productions to mining coal seam.
2. overlying strata water filling filling according to claim 1, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method, it is characterised in that: the water
Literary geological prospecting determines production zone water-bearing layer position and sand coated iron mold feature includes rock bulk densityInformation and rock stratum buried depth H letter
Breath；The pressure of the high pressure water injection is higher than water filling layer position strata pressure0.5-1Mpa。
3. overlying strata water filling filling according to claim 1, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method, it is characterised in that: described to cover
The water source that the method for rock water filling uses is mine water, old water in gob area or earth surface water source, is not necessarily to secondary operation, directly as
Filling medium.
4. overlying strata water filling filling according to claim 1, which reduces, leads high water retaining mining method, it is characterised in that: the note
The spacing of wells of water drilling hole (7) and the drilling (10) that discharges water is 300~500m, and specific spacing is by place working face mining condition
And corresponding sand coated iron mold feature determines.
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| CN108119142B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | - three-two subregion water-protection coal-mining methods of band of five figures |
| CN109209493B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-10-11 | 六盘水师范学院 | A kind of leting speeper method of seam mining under thick loess grouting goaf |
| CN112824651A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2021-05-21 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for reserving isolation coal pillars for fire prevention between goafs of steep coal seams |
| CN111931264B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2023-10-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Design method for deep mine water heating type geothermal energy and coal seam collaborative mining working face |
| CN111894671B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-06-24 | 山东科技大学 | Ground water pumping hole pumping and draining method aiming at working face top plate separation layer water damage |
| CN113175325B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-03-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal and intergrown sandstone type uranium ore coordinated mining method based on key layer protection |
| CN114575848B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-03-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for controlling surface damage under high-strength mining of shallow coal seam |
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| RU1802128C (en) * | 1991-04-15 | 1993-03-15 | Днепропетровский Хозрасчетный Филиал Центра Научно-Инженерных Проблем | Method for mining of thin manganese ore beds |
| RU1806268C (en) * | 1991-05-20 | 1993-03-30 | Евгений Михайлович Попков | Process of development of fire-hazardous coal seams |
| CN1065215C (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 2001-05-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for treating circulating water by mineral type flocculant |
| CN1224660C (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2005-10-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Hang sand thickener for preventing coal from self combustion |
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