CN107100184B - Composite foundation for soil site collapse and undercut area in arid area and construction method - Google Patents
Composite foundation for soil site collapse and undercut area in arid area and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107100184B CN107100184B CN201710421028.6A CN201710421028A CN107100184B CN 107100184 B CN107100184 B CN 107100184B CN 201710421028 A CN201710421028 A CN 201710421028A CN 107100184 B CN107100184 B CN 107100184B
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Abstract
The composite foundation comprises an upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer (1) and a lower block stone masonry cushion layer (2) from top to bottom, wherein the lower block stone masonry cushion layer (2) comprises block stones (21) and modified glutinous rice mortar (22) filling gaps among the block stones. The construction method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing glutinous rice slurry; (2) preparing modified glutinous rice slurry ash (11); (3) preparing modified glutinous rice mortar (22); (4) temporary support: the method of combining rigidity and flexibility is adopted to effectively prop up the soil body of the collapse area (10) or the undercut area (11) of the site body; (5) excavating a foundation trench; (6) formwork supporting: taking the temporary face (8) of the site body pre-reinforcement area as a template, and supporting other three faces; (7) stone masonry; (8) ramming modified glutinous rice slurry ash; (9) removing the template; (10) curing; (11) Repeating the steps, and constructing the next adjacent section of composite foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a foundation reinforcement technology for a soil site collapse area and an undercut area.
Background
Numerous earthen sites are left in northwest arid areas of China, and severe climates with drought, little rain, high wind and high evaporation capacity cause the earthen sites to gradually undergo a mass-mass transformation process from disease development to depletion, wherein erosion, fissure and collapse are the most common and typical diseases of the earthen sites, and the safety occurrence of the sites is seriously threatened. These disease developments are directly or indirectly related to undercut disease at the bottom of the earthen site wall. Under the conditions of rainfall and rapid evaporation, the structure and strength of a wall base soil body are directly damaged due to the rising effect of capillary water, or salt expansion caused by the salt migration of the wall base soil water under the dry and wet circulation condition and frost heaving caused by the freeze thawing circulation condition are both caused to damage the structure and strength of the wall root soil body, namely root salt leaching degradation, and then loss occurs under the abrasion and blowing effects of common sand-carrying wind, the quality is rapidly lost, so that wind erosion loss occurs to form a bottom cavity, namely an undercut region, and further expansion of the cavity can induce site to locally damage, namely a collapse region, and even overall overturning. Therefore, the composite foundation is a main technical measure for reinforcing the body foundation of the earthen site. On the basis of conforming to the cultural relic protection concept of the traditional process and raw materials, the composite foundation blocks the rising of the capillary water of the foundation, avoids the development of bottom undercut diseases caused by the inducement of the rising of the capillary water, greatly improves the bearing capacity of the foundation, effectively controls the settlement deformation of the foundation under the action of the upper building complement load, and obviously enhances the weather resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to block capillary water salt migration of a foundation and prevent mass complement settlement deformation of a collapse area.
The invention relates to a composite foundation for soil site collapse and erosion areas in arid areas and a construction method thereof, which are used for the composite foundation for the soil site collapse areas and the erosion areas in arid areas, wherein the composite foundation comprises an upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 1 and a lower block stone masonry cushion layer 2 from top to bottom, wherein the lower block stone masonry cushion layer 2 comprises block stones 21 and modified glutinous rice slurry 22 for filling gaps among the block stones.
The construction method for the composite foundation of the soil site collapse area and the undercut area in the arid area comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing glutinous rice slurry: mixing glutinous rice flour and water according to the mass ratio of 3:97, stirring, boiling, continuously heating for more than 4 hours after boiling to fully ripen glutinous rice pulp, continuously adding water during the period, keeping the concentration of the glutinous rice pulp unchanged, finally cooling the pulp to room temperature, adding a small amount of preservative, and storing;
(2) Preparing modified sticky rice slurry ash soil 11:
a. selecting a gray soil material: lime is calcium quicklime with grade III or above, and is fully digested before use; selecting soil materials similar to original site soil, wherein the salt content of the soil materials is less than 0.5%; lime and soil materials are sieved by a sieve with the diameter of 5mm, and are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:7 to prepare lime soil;
b. uniformly mixing the clay material prepared in the step (a) with glutinous rice pulp, and performing an on-site compaction test to obtain the optimal water content and the maximum dry density;
c. obtaining optimal water content according to a compaction test of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil 11, controlling the water content error of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil 11 used for construction within +/-2% of the optimal water content, filling the prepared modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil 11 into a plastic water-retaining bag, avoiding direct sun exposure, and maintaining for 24 hours;
(3) Preparation of modified Oryza Glutinosa slurry 22: selecting quicklime and fly ash above grade III (containing grade III), sieving lime and fly ash with a sieve with the diameter of 5mm, uniformly mixing according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and then adding glutinous rice slurry according to the water-ash ratio of 0.35-0.45, and uniformly mixing;
(4) Temporary support: by adopting a rigid-flexible combination method, soil bodies in the collapse area 10 or the undercut area 11 of the site body are effectively propped up, and unstable deformation of the site body 3 caused by vibration in the construction process is prevented;
(5) Foundation trench excavation: determining the position of the outer side line 7 of the composite foundation by using a measuring instrument according to engineering design; the method comprises the steps of cleaning virtual accumulated soil or collapsed soil at the root of a site body 3 until the original foundation layer ground 4 is cleaned, wherein a cleaning area is a range that a composite foundation outer side line 7 horizontally extends to the outer side of a wall body by 40 cm; cutting out a foundation trench contour line along the outer side line 7 of the composite foundation, and manually excavating to a reserved design depth; repairing the groove wall in order, and patting the groove wall into a smooth surface;
if the soil quality of the groove wall is dry, the groove wall can be properly sprayed with mist water to be wetted and then is beaten into a smooth surface; leveling the bottom of the tank, and tamping the substrate by selecting a proper appliance according to the site situation;
(6) And (3) supporting a die: taking the temporary face 8 of the site body pre-reinforcement area as a template, and supporting other three faces;
planting wood posts in the foundation trench, wherein the burying depth of the wood posts is 300mm, ensuring that the ramming rammer can apply force vertically, and firmly arranging the template at the position of the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 1 at the pre-ramming upper part;
(7) Stone masonry: building a layer of stone blocks 21 from the substrate, and filling gaps between the modified glutinous rice mortar 22 and the stone blocks 21;
repeating the steps of building the block stone 21 and filling the modified glutinous rice mortar 22 in the gaps of the block stone 21, and sequentially reaching the designed elevation;
(8) Ramming modified glutinous rice slurry ash: according to the tamping thickness of 200mm, paving the modified glutinous rice slurry ash 11 on a stone block according to the preset loosening thickness, firstly receiving the virtual disc for treading, and tamping the modified glutinous rice slurry ash 11 by adopting a sharp bottom tamping hammer to meet the requirement that the compactness K is more than or equal to 0.95;
(9) Removing the template: the tamping of the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 1 is completed, the used mould is removed, and the column eyes pulled out by the wood columns are filled with the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil 11 and tamped;
(10) Curing: after the construction of the composite foundation is completed, covering an upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 11 by adopting a plastic film, and maintaining for not less than 7 days;
(11) Repeating the steps, and constructing the next adjacent section of composite foundation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention blocks capillary water from entering the root soil body of the undercut and collapse disease treatment area through the following aspects, improves the bearing capacity of the foundation and reduces the settlement deformation of the foundation and the weather resistance of the foundation. The used materials have low cost, are environment-friendly and pollution-free, have strong coordinated deformation performance with the ruined body, have good compatibility and better respond to the concept of cultural relic protection. The construction technology is simple and convenient, and the instability of the earthen site wall body caused by the base alkali of the earthen site wall body due to the migration of water salt is solved. The main advantages are: (1) the method has the advantages that the stones with the particle size of 10-20 cm are built by using the stones, the stones are effectively bonded by using the modified glutinous rice mortar, and the soil is compacted by using the modified glutinous rice with the thickness of 20cm, so that capillary water in the composite foundation is effectively blocked, and the bearing capacity of the foundation is improved; leveling and tamping the bottom of the base tank to level the tank bottom, so that the compactness and strength of soil in the tank bottom area are increased; the design that the wall foot line of the site body pre-reinforced area extends 20cm outwards from the wall body is the outer side edge line of the composite foundation is beneficial to increase the bearing area of the foundation. (2) The material used for the composite foundation is slightly influenced by natural temperature, humidity, freeze thawing cycle and the like, and the weather resistance of the foundation is obviously improved. The permeability coefficient of the modified glutinous rice mortar and modified glutinous rice mortar soil prepared by curing glutinous rice slurry is obviously reduced, and the water-resistant disintegration, cohesion and unconfined compressive strength of the modified glutinous rice mortar are enhanced. (3) The source of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash, the stone blocks and the modified glutinous rice slurry raw materials is wide, and the glutinous rice slurry is more economical and convenient to manufacture. The soil body excavated by the foundation trench can be used as the raw material of soil for ramming the site collapse area and the erosion area, the whole construction process does not need the external discarding link of the slag soil, and meanwhile, the environmental pollution is avoided, so that the method has extremely strong economical efficiency and environmental protection. (4) The stone masonry layer is more compatible with the soil body of the site wall base part; the rammed modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer is more compatible with the rammed soil layer of the collapse area or the undercut area covered on the rammed modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer. The material used is in coordinated deformation with the site body, has strong compatibility and better responds to the concept of cultural relic protection. (5) The construction process is the traditional process of foundation trench excavation, stone masonry, slurry mixing, ash soil tamping and the like, and the operation is simple and quick. The invention completely meets the requirements of physical, mechanical and water treatment and the like required by wall foundation reinforcement of the site collapse area and the undercut area, has good compatible effect, meets the basic requirements of the traditional technology of cultural relic protection and repair, is the reproduction of the traditional technology in the practice of ancient civil engineering, and provides technical support for saving the ancient civil site collapsed in a large area.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite foundation according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a composite foundation according to the present invention for a site collapse area and an undercut area, fig. 3 is a schematic horizontal first ramming pit position of a modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer, fig. 4 is a schematic horizontal second ramming pit position of a modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer, and reference numerals and corresponding names are: modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 1, modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil 11, stone masonry layer 2, stone 21, site body 3, former foundation layer ground 4, site body pre-reinforced area wall surface 5, site body pre-reinforced area wall foot line 6, composite foundation outside side line 7, site body pre-reinforced area free surface 8, composite foundation inside side line 9, collapse area 10, undercut area 11.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a composite foundation for a soil site collapse area and an undercut area in a arid area and a construction method thereof, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the composite foundation for the soil site collapse area and the undercut area in the arid area comprises an upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 1 and a lower block stone masonry cushion layer 2, wherein the lower block stone masonry cushion layer 2 comprises block stones 21 and modified glutinous rice mortar 22 filling gaps among the block stones.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the outer side line 7 of the composite foundation is positioned at a position 20cm away from the outer wall along the foot line 6 of the site body pre-reinforcement area.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rammed thickness of the upper modified slurry gray soil layer 1 was 20cm.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the thickness of the lower masonry cushion layer 2 is 400-600 mm, and the particle size of the used block 21 is 100-200 mm.
The invention relates to a construction method for a composite foundation of an earthen site collapse area and an undercut area in a arid area, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing glutinous rice slurry: mixing glutinous rice flour and water according to the mass ratio of 3:97, stirring, boiling, continuously heating for more than 4 hours after boiling to fully ripen glutinous rice pulp, continuously adding water during the period, keeping the concentration of the glutinous rice pulp unchanged, finally cooling the pulp to room temperature, adding a small amount of preservative, and storing;
(2) Preparing modified sticky rice slurry ash soil 11:
a. selecting a gray soil material: lime is calcium quicklime with grade III or above, and is fully digested before use; selecting soil materials similar to original site soil, wherein the salt content of the soil materials is less than 0.5%; lime and soil materials are sieved by a sieve with the diameter of 5mm, and are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:7 to prepare lime soil;
b. uniformly mixing the clay material prepared in the step a with glutinous rice pulp, and performing an on-site compaction test to obtain the optimal water content and the maximum dry density;
c. obtaining optimal water content according to a compaction test of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil 11, controlling the water content error of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil 11 used for construction within +/-2% of the optimal water content, filling the prepared modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil 11 into a plastic water-retaining bag, avoiding direct sun exposure, and maintaining for 24 hours;
(3) Preparation of modified Oryza Glutinosa slurry 22: selecting quicklime and fly ash above grade III (containing grade III), sieving lime and fly ash with a sieve with the diameter of 5mm, uniformly mixing according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and then adding glutinous rice slurry according to the water-ash ratio of 0.35-0.45, and uniformly mixing;
(4) Temporary support: by adopting a rigid-flexible combination method, soil bodies in the collapse area 10 or the undercut area 11 of the site body are effectively propped up, and unstable deformation of the site body 3 caused by vibration in the construction process is prevented;
(5) Foundation trench excavation: determining the position of the outer side line 7 of the composite foundation by using a measuring instrument according to engineering design; the method comprises the steps of cleaning virtual accumulated soil or collapsed soil at the root of a site body 3 until the original foundation layer ground 4 is cleaned, wherein a cleaning area is a range that a composite foundation outer side line 7 horizontally extends to the outer side of a wall body by 40 cm; cutting out a foundation trench contour line along the outer side line 7 of the composite foundation, and manually excavating to a reserved design depth; the groove walls are repaired in order and are beaten to form a smooth surface. If the soil quality of the groove wall is dry, the groove wall can be properly sprayed with mist water to be wetted and then is beaten into a smooth surface; leveling the bottom of the tank, and tamping the substrate by selecting a proper appliance according to the site situation;
(6) And (3) supporting a die: taking the temporary face 8 of the site body pre-reinforcement area as a template, and supporting the other three faces. Planting wood posts in the foundation trench, wherein the burying depth of the wood posts is 300mm, ensuring that the ramming rammer can apply force vertically, and firmly arranging the template at the position of the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 1 at the pre-ramming upper part;
(7) Stone masonry: building a layer of stone blocks 21 from the substrate, and filling gaps between the modified glutinous rice mortar 22 and the stone blocks 21; repeating the steps of building the block stone 21 and filling the modified glutinous rice mortar 22 in the gaps of the block stone 21, and sequentially reaching the designed elevation;
(8) Ramming modified glutinous rice slurry ash: according to the tamping thickness of 200mm, paving the modified glutinous rice slurry ash 11 on a stone block according to a preset loosening thickness, firstly receiving a virtual disc for treading, and tamping the modified glutinous rice slurry ash 11 by using a pointed bottom rammer to ensure the overall density and quality of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash layer 22, wherein in the tamping process, the pointed bottom rammers are used for orderly tamping in rows, and generally, the tamping is a combined tamping of head tamping sea nest, two tamping silver ingots, yu Ben ditch chopping, leveling and the like (as shown in fig. 4), so that the compactness K is more than or equal to 0.95;
(9) Removing the template: the tamping of the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 1 is completed, the used mould is removed, and the column eyes pulled out by the wood columns are filled with the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil 11 and tamped;
(10) Curing: after the construction of the composite foundation is completed, covering an upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer 11 by adopting a plastic film, and maintaining for not less than 7 days;
(11) Repeating the steps, and constructing the next adjacent section of composite foundation.
Claims (3)
1. The composite foundation for the soil site collapse area and the undercut area in the arid area is characterized by comprising an upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer (1) and a lower block stone masonry cushion layer (2) from top to bottom, wherein the lower block stone masonry cushion layer (2) comprises block stones (21) and modified glutinous rice mortar (22) for filling gaps among the block stones;
the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil (11) in the upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer (1) is prepared from calcareous quicklime, soil materials and glutinous rice slurry; and the volume ratio of the calcareous quicklime to the soil is 3:7; the tamping thickness of the upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer (1) is 20cm;
the modified glutinous rice mortar (22) is prepared from quicklime, fly ash and glutinous rice slurry; the thickness of the lower block stone masonry cushion layer (2) is 400-600 mm, and the grain diameter of the used block stone (21) is 100-200 mm.
2. Composite foundation for arid area earthen site collapse areas and undercut areas according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite foundation outer side line (7) is located 20cm outside the wall along the site body pre-reinforced area footing line (6) horizontally.
3. The construction method for the composite foundation of the soil site collapse area and the undercut area in the arid area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing glutinous rice slurry: mixing glutinous rice flour and water according to the mass ratio of 3:97, stirring, boiling, continuously heating for more than 4 hours after boiling to fully ripen glutinous rice pulp, continuously adding water during the period, keeping the concentration of the glutinous rice pulp unchanged, finally cooling the pulp to room temperature, adding a small amount of preservative, and storing;
(2) Preparing modified glutinous rice slurry ash (11):
a, selecting a gray soil material: lime is calcium quicklime with grade III or above, and is fully digested before use; selecting soil materials similar to original site soil, wherein the salt content of the soil materials is less than 0.5%; lime and soil materials are sieved by a sieve with the diameter of 5mm, and are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:7 to prepare lime soil;
b, uniformly mixing the clay material prepared in the step a with the glutinous rice slurry, and performing a field compaction test to obtain the optimal water content and the maximum dry density;
obtaining optimal water content according to a compaction test of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash (11), controlling the water content error of the modified glutinous rice slurry ash (11) used for construction within +/-2% of the optimal water content, filling the prepared modified glutinous rice slurry ash (11) into a plastic water-retaining bag, avoiding direct sun exposure, and maintaining for 24 hours;
(3) Preparation of modified Oryza Glutinosa slurry (22): quick lime and fly ash with grade III and above are selected, lime and fly ash are sieved by a sieve with the diameter of 5mm, uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and then glutinous rice slurry is added according to the water-ash ratio of 0.35-0.45, and uniformly mixed;
(4) Temporary support: the method of combining rigidity and flexibility is adopted to effectively prop up the soil body of the collapse area (10) or the undercut area of the site body, so as to prevent the site body (3) from unstable deformation caused by vibration in the construction process;
(5) Foundation trench excavation: determining the position of an outer side line (7) of the composite foundation by using a measuring instrument according to engineering design; clearing the virtual accumulated soil or collapsed soil at the root of the site body (3) until the original foundation layer ground (4) is cleared, wherein the clearing area is a range that the outer side line (7) of the composite foundation horizontally extends to the outer side of the wall body for 40 cm; cutting out a foundation groove contour line along the outer side edge line (7) of the composite foundation, and manually excavating to a reserved design depth; repairing the groove wall in order, and patting the groove wall into a smooth surface;
if the soil quality of the groove wall is dry, the groove wall can be properly sprayed with mist water to be wetted and then is beaten into a smooth surface; leveling the bottom of the tank, and tamping the substrate by selecting a proper appliance according to the site situation;
(6) And (3) supporting a die: taking the temporary face (8) of the site body pre-reinforcement area as a template, and supporting other three faces;
planting wood posts in the foundation trench, wherein the burying depth of the wood posts is 300mm, ensuring that the ramming rammer can apply force vertically, and firmly arranging the template at the modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer (1) at the pre-ramming upper part;
(7) Stone masonry: building a layer of stone blocks (21) from a substrate, and then filling modified glutinous rice mortar (22) into gaps of the stone blocks (21);
repeating the steps of building the stone blocks (21) and filling the modified glutinous rice mortar (22) in the gaps of the stone blocks (21) until the designed elevation is reached;
(8) Ramming modified glutinous rice slurry ash: according to the tamping thickness of 200mm, paving the modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil (11) on a stone block according to the preset loosening thickness, firstly stepping by adopting a virtual disc, and tamping the modified glutinous rice slurry ash soil (11) by adopting a pointed bottom tamping hammer, so that the compactness K is more than or equal to 0.95;
(9) Removing the template: the upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer (1) is tamped, the used mould is removed, and the column eyes pulled out by the wood columns are filled with modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil (11) and tamped;
(10) Curing: after the construction of the composite foundation is completed, a plastic film is adopted to cover the upper modified glutinous rice slurry gray soil layer (1), and the maintenance is not less than 7 days;
(11) Repeating the steps, and constructing the next adjacent section of composite foundation.
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| CN108643163B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-11-26 | 敦煌研究院 | A kind of salt damage prevention and treatment basis and earthen ruins reinforcement means |
| CN109839313B (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2023-12-26 | 敦煌研究院 | Full-scale ramming soil test wall root undercut process stress characterization method |
| CN112627161A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 西京学院 | Construction method of lime-soil compaction pile added with glutinous rice pulp |
| CN113310848A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-27 | 上海大学 | Salt control technology for immovable cultural relics |
| CN115259812A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-01 | 浙江大学 | Formula of four-in-one soil and in-situ remediation method for soil ruins |
| CN116516923B (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2024-01-26 | 兰州理工大学 | Structure for treating earthen site foundation and application method thereof |
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