CN107099998A - 一种环保长效的防污渔网 - Google Patents

一种环保长效的防污渔网 Download PDF

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CN107099998A
CN107099998A CN201710389634.4A CN201710389634A CN107099998A CN 107099998 A CN107099998 A CN 107099998A CN 201710389634 A CN201710389634 A CN 201710389634A CN 107099998 A CN107099998 A CN 107099998A
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fishing net
netting twine
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向泽柱
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Chaohu Tianyu Fishing Tackle Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于渔网制备技术领域，具体涉及一种环保长效的防污渔网，由高耐磨、韧性好的渔网丝表面包覆防污涂层得到；所述渔网丝在将原料挤出冷却后涂布防污涂层，所述防污涂层是渔网丝重量的2‑4%，然后经烘干后，拉伸、热定型、卷制得到。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中通过添加甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰与其他原料协同作用，使所得渔网丝具有良好的柔韧性，所述防污涂层由于封端型异氰酸酯和4‑二甲氨基苯甲醛缩氨基脲协同作用，引入硅、氮原子，使防污涂层与渔网丝结合度高，具有合适的渗出率，低毒、高效，稳定性强，防污涂层中不含挥发性物质，常温下可干燥固化，在正常的使用环境中，防污时效达到12‑16个月。

Description

一种环保长效的防污渔网
技术领域
本发明属于渔网制备技术领域，具体涉及一种环保长效的防污渔网。
背景技术
随着人类生活水品的提高，对海产品的需求量大增，而经过多年的过度捕捞，海洋里的海产品严重不足，从而粗事了海洋养殖业的蓬勃发展，随着该产业的发展，新的问题也随之出现，首当其冲的就是养殖所用的渔网防污问题，由于海洋环境是一个腐蚀、生物污损严重的环境，渔网的浸海深度通常为0-20m不等，正好是海生物生长最旺盛的区域，更容易附着海生物，主要种类有藻类、轮虫、苔藓虫、藤壶等，防污涂料是解决海洋防污问题的有效方法之一，随着全球对可持续发展的重视，以及深海网箱发展的要求，开发长效环保型渔网防污涂料是未来的发展方向，今后的发展趋势主要体现对基体树脂和防污剂的要求上，研制合成附着力、耐水性、耐磨性和柔韧性好的树脂以及无毒、长效的防污涂料是现有的研究方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种环保长效的防污渔网。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种环保长效的防污渔网，由高耐磨、韧性好的渔网丝表面包覆防污涂层得到；所述渔网丝由以下重量份的原料制成：15-18份高粘度锦纶-6、4-7份低粘度锦纶-6、2-4份热塑性弹性体、1.2-1.6份对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰、0.8-1.5份聚酰胺蜡、0.2-0.6份聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂；所述防污涂层是一种功能性油剂，所述功能性油剂包含以下重量份的原料：白油18-22份、氢化蓖麻油4-7份、油酸3-6份、质量浓度为60-65%的有机硅乳液6-10份、2,4-戊二酮缩甘氨酸席夫碱2-5份、封端型异氰酸酯12-16份、4-二甲氨基苯甲醛缩氨基脲3-5份、含胺基表面活性剂1-3份、1-十三烷醇二氢磷酸酯二钾盐1.5-2.4份、pH值调节交联剂氯化铵2.5-4份；所述渔网丝在将原料挤出冷却后涂布防污涂层，所述防污涂层是渔网丝重量的2-4%，然后经烘干后，拉伸、热定型、卷制得到。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述封端型异氰酸酯的封端剂为硫醇。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述硫醇为三苯硫醇、己硫醇、十二烷基硫醇中的任意一种。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述封端型异氰酸酯制备过程中的溶剂为氨基甲酸酯；所述封端反应催化剂为2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物与三乙撑二胺以重量比5:2混合得到。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物为双(三氟-2，4-戊二酮)钴(II)。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述热塑性弹性体为甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚体、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体或丁二烯橡胶中的任意一种。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述高粘度锦纶-6、热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺蜡经过搅拌机搅拌后加热到260℃制成母粒，然后加入低粘度锦纶-6、聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂和对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰，搅拌混合3-5分钟后，通过挤出机进行拉丝形成单股渔网丝。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述热定型时，热定型温度包括三个阶段，在15分钟内，使定型釜内温度达到145±2℃，保持2分钟后，降温至125±2℃，保持10分钟，正常降温即可。
所述硫醇封端剂在使用时有难闻的气味，利用其刺激性有助于提高防污作用。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中通过添加甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰与其他原料协同作用，使所得渔网丝具有良好的柔韧性，所述防污涂层由于封端型异氰酸酯和4-二甲氨基苯甲醛缩氨基脲协同作用，引入硅、氮原子，使防污涂层与渔网丝结合度高，具有合适的渗出率，低毒、高效，稳定性强，防污涂层中不含挥发性物质，常温下可干燥固化，在正常的使用环境中，防污时效达到12-16个月。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种环保长效的防污渔网，由高耐磨、韧性好的渔网丝表面包覆防污涂层得到；所述渔网丝由以下重量份的原料制成：16份高粘度锦纶-6、6份低粘度锦纶-6、3份热塑性弹性体、1.4份对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰、1.2份聚酰胺蜡、0.4份聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂；所述防污涂层是一种功能性油剂，所述功能性油剂包含以下重量份的原料：白油20份、氢化蓖麻油6份、油酸5份、质量浓度为60-65%的有机硅乳液8份、2,4-戊二酮缩甘氨酸席夫碱4份、封端型异氰酸酯14份、4-二甲氨基苯甲醛缩氨基脲4份、含胺基表面活性剂2份、1-十三烷醇二氢磷酸酯二钾盐1.8份、pH值调节交联剂氯化铵3.2份；所述渔网丝在将原料挤出冷却后涂布防污涂层，所述防污涂层是渔网丝重量的3%，然后经烘干后，拉伸、热定型、卷制得到。
其中，所述封端型异氰酸酯的封端剂为三苯硫醇；所述封端型异氰酸酯制备过程中的溶剂为氨基甲酸酯；所述封端反应催化剂为2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物与三乙撑二胺以重量比5:2混合得到；所述2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物为双(三氟-2，4-戊二酮)钴(II)。
其中，所述热塑性弹性体为甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚体。
其中，所述高粘度锦纶-6、热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺蜡经过搅拌机搅拌后加热到260℃制成母粒，然后加入低粘度锦纶-6、聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂和对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰，搅拌混合3-5分钟后，通过挤出机进行拉丝形成单股渔网丝。
其中，所述热定型时，热定型温度包括三个阶段，在15分钟内，使定型釜内温度达到145±2℃，保持2分钟后，降温至125±2℃，保持10分钟，正常降温即可。
实施例2
一种环保长效的防污渔网，由高耐磨、韧性好的渔网丝表面包覆防污涂层得到；所述渔网丝由以下重量份的原料制成：15份高粘度锦纶-6、7份低粘度锦纶-6、2份热塑性弹性体、1.6份对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰、0.8份聚酰胺蜡、0.6份聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂；所述防污涂层是一种功能性油剂，所述功能性油剂包含以下重量份的原料：白油22份、氢化蓖麻油4份、油酸6份、质量浓度为60-65%的有机硅乳液6份、2,4-戊二酮缩甘氨酸席夫碱5份、封端型异氰酸酯12份、4-二甲氨基苯甲醛缩氨基脲5份、含胺基表面活性剂1份、1-十三烷醇二氢磷酸酯二钾盐1.5份、pH值调节交联剂氯化铵4份；所述渔网丝在将原料挤出冷却后涂布防污涂层，所述防污涂层是渔网丝重量的2%，然后经烘干后，拉伸、热定型、卷制得到。
其中，所述封端型异氰酸酯的封端剂为己硫醇；所述封端型异氰酸酯制备过程中的溶剂为氨基甲酸酯；所述封端反应催化剂为2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物与三乙撑二胺以重量比5:2混合得到；所述2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物为双(三氟-2，4-戊二酮)钴(II)。
其中，所述热塑性弹性体为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体。
实施例3
一种环保长效的防污渔网，由高耐磨、韧性好的渔网丝表面包覆防污涂层得到；所述渔网丝由以下重量份的原料制成：18份高粘度锦纶-6、4份低粘度锦纶-6、4份热塑性弹性体、1.2份对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰、1.5份聚酰胺蜡、0.2份聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂；所述防污涂层是一种功能性油剂，所述功能性油剂包含以下重量份的原料：白油18-22份、氢化蓖麻油7份、油酸3份、质量浓度为60-65%的有机硅乳液10份、2,4-戊二酮缩甘氨酸席夫碱2份、封端型异氰酸酯16份、4-二甲氨基苯甲醛缩氨基脲3份、含胺基表面活性剂3份、1-十三烷醇二氢磷酸酯二钾盐2.4份、pH值调节交联剂氯化铵2.5份；所述渔网丝在将原料挤出冷却后涂布防污涂层，所述防污涂层是渔网丝重量的4%，然后经烘干后，拉伸、热定型、卷制得到。
其中，所述封端型异氰酸酯的封端剂为十二烷基硫醇；所述封端型异氰酸酯制备过程中的溶剂为氨基甲酸酯；所述封端反应催化剂为2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物与三乙撑二胺以重量比5:2混合得到；所述2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物为双(三氟-2，4-戊二酮)钴(II)。
其中，所述热塑性弹性体为丁二烯橡胶。
设置对照组1，对照组1中渔网丝原料中不包含对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰，其他内容与实施例1中相同；设置对照组2，所述功能性油剂替换为白油20份、氢化蓖麻油6份、油酸5份、质量浓度为60-65%的有机硅乳液8份、含胺基表面活性剂2份、pH值调节交联剂氯化铵3.2份，其余内容与实施例1中相同；设置对照组3，将功能性油剂在渔网丝挤出前与母粒混合，其余内容与实施例1中相同；对以上方法制备的渔网进行常规性能测试，具体方法和评价标准如下：
（1）附着力：将涂有防污涂料并完全干燥的渔网来回对折25次，肉眼观察渔网：网 线上涂层无脱落，无裂纹，则认为附着力为1级，涂膜轻微裂纹，无脱落，则认为附着力为2级，涂层少量脱落，则认为附着力为3级，涂层裂纹、脱落明显，则认为附着力为4级；
（2）防污期效：实海挂网后，考察防污性能，海生物附着面积小于10％，认为防污涂料有效果；
（3）贮存稳定性：60℃下放置15天，涂料不结块，沉淀后搅拌均匀、不返粗。
以上各实施例渔网应用测试结果如下：
表1
组别 附着力（级） 贮存稳定性 防污期效（月）
实施例1 1级 通过 15
实施例2 1级 通过 13
实施例3 1级 通过 16
对照组1 1级 不通过 8
对照组2 2级 通过 10
对照组3 1级 不通过 7
通过表1中数据可以看出，本发明中防污涂料的使用方法对其贮存稳定性有很大作用，防污期效不仅与防污涂层的性能有关，与渔网丝基体也有关，可根据具体需要进行相应调节。

Claims (8)

1.一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，由高耐磨、韧性好的渔网丝表面包覆防污涂层得到；所述渔网丝由以下重量份的原料制成：15-18份高粘度锦纶-6、4-7份低粘度锦纶-6、2-4份热塑性弹性体、1.2-1.6份对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰、0.8-1.5份聚酰胺蜡、0.2-0.6份聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂；所述防污涂层是一种功能性油剂，所述功能性油剂包含以下重量份的原料：白油18-22份、氢化蓖麻油4-7份、油酸3-6份、质量浓度为60-65%的有机硅乳液6-10份、2,4-戊二酮缩甘氨酸席夫碱2-5份、封端型异氰酸酯12-16份、4-二甲氨基苯甲醛缩氨基脲3-5份、含胺基表面活性剂1-3份、1-十三烷醇二氢磷酸酯二钾盐1.5-2.4份、pH值调节交联剂氯化铵2.5-4份；所述渔网丝在将原料挤出冷却后涂布防污涂层，所述防污涂层是渔网丝重量的2-4%，然后经烘干后，拉伸、热定型、卷制得到。
2.如权利要求1所述一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，所述封端型异氰酸酯的封端剂为硫醇。
3.如权利要求2所述一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，所述硫醇为三苯硫醇、己硫醇、十二烷基硫醇中的任意一种。
4.如权利要求3所述一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，所述封端型异氰酸酯制备过程中的溶剂为氨基甲酸酯；所述封端反应催化剂为2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物与三乙撑二胺以重量比5:2混合得到。
5.如权利要求4所述一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，所述2,4-戊二酮的金属络合物为双(三氟-2，4-戊二酮)钴(II)。
6.如权利要求1所述一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，所述热塑性弹性体为甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚体、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚体或丁二烯橡胶中的任意一种。
7.如权利要求1所述一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，所述高粘度锦纶-6、热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺蜡经过搅拌机搅拌后加热到260℃制成母粒，然后加入低粘度锦纶-6、聚醚改性聚二甲基硅氧烷消泡剂和对甲基苯甲酸咪唑锰，搅拌混合3-5分钟后，通过挤出机进行拉丝形成单股渔网丝。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述一种环保长效的防污渔网，其特征在于，所述热定型时，热定型温度包括三个阶段，在15分钟内，使定型釜内温度达到145±2℃，保持2分钟后，降温至125±2℃，保持10分钟，正常降温即可。
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