CN107097808A - A kind of wheelset profile online test method based on laser displacement sensor - Google Patents

A kind of wheelset profile online test method based on laser displacement sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107097808A
CN107097808A CN201710265658.9A CN201710265658A CN107097808A CN 107097808 A CN107097808 A CN 107097808A CN 201710265658 A CN201710265658 A CN 201710265658A CN 107097808 A CN107097808 A CN 107097808A
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msub
mrow
laser displacement
msubsup
displacement sensor
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杨志
李婷
张健雨
吴波
邢宗义
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring diameters
    • G01B7/125—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring diameters of objects while moving

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of wheelset profile online test method based on laser displacement sensor, the system includes：Installed successively on the inside of along train direction of advance track and the 4th laser displacement sensor is installed on the outside of first, second, third laser displacement sensor, track, wherein the second, the 4th laser displacement sensor is arranged on Orbital Symmetry.Method is：The data of first, second, third, fourth laser displacement sensor synchronous acquisition are extracted by coordinate transform, wheel end face and tread datum mark is extracted, wheel diameter is calculated according to 3 fitting circle principles.Then data fusion is carried out by the second, the 4th laser displacement sensor part tread information fusion into complete flange tread appearance profile, calculates multiframe flange thickness and flange height, optimal flange thickness and flange height are determined by geometrical relationship.The present invention has the advantages that Cleaning Principle is simple, precision is high, non-contact detecting.

Description

A kind of wheelset profile online test method based on laser displacement sensor
Technical field
The invention belongs to railway wheel detection technique field, particularly a kind of wheelset profile based on laser displacement sensor Online test method.
Background technology
Wheel is responsible for as part particularly important in travelled by vehicle portion, being subjected to the total weight of car body Active force between transfer wheel pair and rail.Wheel in the process of running constantly with Rail Surface friction, cause Wheel tread wear, Wheel is caused to change appearance and size, reduction operation safety and passenger comfort, and increase the risk of derailing.It is thus accurate Wheel is efficiently detected to profile dimensional parameters, i.e. wheel diameter, flange thickness and flange height, grasp in real time wheel to quality Situation, eliminates accident potential, has in track transport development and be of great significance.
Wheelset profile on-line detecting system is always the emphasis of domestic and international track traffic research.The U.S., Russia, Switzerland, The states such as Japan are studied in wheelset profile possesses automatic detection more ripe technology in wheel, but its fancy price and spy Different installation requirement, it is impossible to extensive use at home.The serial wheelset failure dynamic detections of LY of the leading science and technology production in domestic Chengdu System uses image method automatic measurement wheelset profile, but there is the low shortcoming of complicated, poor anti jamming capability, precision, it is impossible to Meet live wheelset profile service requirements.Wang Xiao great et al. (application number 201410519742.5, a kind of municipal rail train wheelset profile Online test method and device) switched using 2D laser displacement sensors and laser-correlation, obtain wheel rim summit circular diameter With flange thickness, flange height, the flange height that wheel diameter subtracts twice by wheel rim summit circular diameter is obtained, but detection essence Degree is influenceed by flange height and wheel rim summit circular diameter.
The content of the invention
Convenient, Cleaning Principle, which is laid, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of structure is simply based on laser displacement sensor Wheelset profile on-line detecting system and method, can realize wheelset profile high-acruracy survey.
Realizing the technical solution of the object of the invention is：A kind of wheelset profile based on laser displacement sensor is examined online Survey method, step is as follows：
Step 1, sensor is laid：Along install successively on the inside of train direction of advance track first laser displacement transducer L1, 4th laser displacement sensor L4 is installed on the outside of second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, track, the Dual-laser displacement transducer L2 and the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 is arranged on Orbital Symmetry；
Step 2, coordinate transform：By first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser position Coordinate system xoy where displacement sensor L3, the data of the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 synchronous acquisitions carries out coordinate rotation, conversion Into the uov coordinate system parallel with track inner face；
Step 3, wheel end face is extracted：According to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer in step 2 Coordinate value after L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 coordinate transforms, extracts first laser position Displacement sensor L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 left sides and second laser displacement sensing L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 right sides；
Step 4, tread datum mark is extracted：According to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement sensing in step 2 Data after device L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 coordinate transforms carry out piecewise fitting, and first obtained according to step 3 swashs Optical displacement sensor L1 left sides, second laser displacement transducer L2 right sides and the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 right sides are carried Take first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum marks；
Step 5, wheel diameter is calculated：Passed according to the first laser displacement transducer L1 of step 4 acquisition, second laser displacement Sensor L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum marks, wheel diameter is asked for by 3 fitting circle principles；
Step 6, wheel rim parameter is calculated：Wheel tread contour line is obtained according to data fusion method, multiframe wheel is asked for Edge thickness, flange height numerical value, are asked by first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2 geometrical relationship Take optimal flange thickness and optimal flange height.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the of the invention and existing present invention：(1) non-contact measurement side is used Formula, can during train operation dynamic detection, realize the online high-acruracy survey of wheelset profile；(2) direct measurement wheel is straight Footpath, improves measurement accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is based on laser displacement sensor wheelset profile online test method workflow diagram for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is structure of the detecting device schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation between first laser displacement transducer L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 and wheel.
It is diameter Cleaning Principle schematic diagram of the present invention that Fig. 4, which is,.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is described in further detail to the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is based on laser displacement sensor wheelset profile on-line detecting system and method, and the system includes Four laser displacement sensors：Installation first laser displacement transducer L1, second swash successively on the inside of along train direction of advance track 4th laser displacement sensor L4, second laser are installed on the outside of Optical displacement sensor L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, track Displacement transducer L2 and the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 is arranged on Orbital Symmetry；This method comprises the following steps：
Step 1, sensor is laid：Along install successively on the inside of train direction of advance track first laser displacement transducer L1, 4th laser displacement sensor L4 is installed on the outside of second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, track, the Dual-laser displacement transducer L2 and the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 is arranged on Orbital Symmetry.Fig. 2 is detection means of the present invention Structural representation.
Further, first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 leave the right or normal track right angle setting apart from l1、l2、l3、l4It is equal, span be 300~ 400mm；It is 700~900mm, second that first laser displacement transducer L1 and second laser displacement transducer L2, which is horizontally mounted distance, It is 50~200mm that laser displacement sensor L2 and the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, which are horizontally mounted distance,；First laser displacement is passed Sensor L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 and plumb line Angle β1、β2、β3、β4Equal, span is 40~55 °；First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement sensing Device L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 and direction along ng a path horizontal sextant angle α1、α2、α4Equal, span is 35~45 °, 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 and track horizontal sextant angle α3Span is 40~60 °；First laser displacement transducer L1, Dual-laser displacement transducer L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 are arranged on a horizontal plane, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 is m with second laser displacement transducer L2 setting height(from bottom)s difference, and m span is 50~200mm.Fig. 3 is second laser Scheme of installation between displacement transducer L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 and wheel.
Step 2, coordinate transform：By first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser position Coordinate system xoy where displacement sensor L3, the data of the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 synchronous acquisitions carries out coordinate rotation, conversion Into the uov coordinate system parallel with track inner face, detailed process is as follows：
The two-dimensional coordinate value exported for first laser displacement transducer L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 Coordinate value is transformed to according to formula (1) coordinate
Wherein, subscript i=1,4 represent first laser displacement transducer L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4；
The two-dimensional coordinate value exported for second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3Coordinate value is transformed to according to formula (2) coordinate
Wherein, subscript i=2,3 represent second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3.
Step 3, wheel end face is extracted：According to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer in step 2 Coordinate value after L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 coordinate transforms, extracts first laser position Displacement sensor L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 left sides and second laser displacement sensing L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 right sides, detailed process is as follows：
According to the coordinate after step 2 coordinate transform, the coordinate points for meeting formula (3) are extracted：
|ui-ui-1|≤0.02 (3)
The u axle abscissa values for the condition that meets are taken to the average abscissa value as wheel tread end face；Set first laser Displacement transducer L1 left sides, second laser displacement transducer L2 right sides, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 right sides, the 4th Laser displacement sensor L4 left sides abscissa value is respectively xL1、xL2、xL3、xL4。
Step 4, tread datum mark is extracted：According to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement sensing in step 2 Data after device L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 coordinate transforms carry out piecewise fitting, and first obtained according to step 3 swashs Optical displacement sensor L1 left sides, second laser displacement transducer L2 right sides and the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 right sides are carried First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum marks are taken, is had Body process is as follows：
To first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 coordinates Data point after conversion carries out 4 rank least square curve fittings of segmentation, obtains wheel tread curve equation：Passed according to first laser displacement Sensor L1 left sides abscissa value xL1, second laser displacement transducer L2 right side abscissa value xL2, the 3rd laser displacement sensing Device L3 right sides abscissa value xL3, first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the are obtained by formula (4) Three laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum mark abscissas x1、x2、x3：
Stepped on according to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 Surface curve equation and abscissa value x1、x2、x3, obtain tread datum mark ordinate value y1、y2、y3, draw first laser displacement Sensor L1 tread datum mark A coordinates (x1,y1), second laser displacement transducer L2 tread datum mark B coordinates (x2,y2), the 3rd Laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum mark C coordinates (x3,y3)。
Step 5, wheel diameter is calculated：Passed according to the first laser displacement transducer L1 of step 4 acquisition, second laser displacement Sensor L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum marks, ask for wheel diameter, detailed process is such as by 3 fitting circle principles Under：
First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement extracted according to step 4 Sensor L3 tread benchmark point coordinates A (x1,y1)、B(x2,y2)、C(x3,y3), the wheel footpath frame of reference is transformed to according to formula (5) Pwq, obtains three coordinate points D (p in inner circle1,q1)、E(p2,q2)、F(p3,q3)：
According to tri- point coordinates of D, E, F in inner circle, wheel diameter D is obtained by formula (6).It is diameter detection of the present invention that Fig. 4, which is, Principle schematic.
Step 6, wheel rim parameter is calculated：Wheel tread contour line is obtained according to data fusion method, multiframe wheel is asked for Edge thickness, flange height numerical value, are asked by first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2 geometrical relationship Optimal flange thickness and optimal flange height are taken, detailed process is as follows：
According to data fusion method, by second laser displacement transducer L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 parts tread Information fusion obtains multiframe flange tread curve, and then obtain multigroup flange thickness into complete flange tread appearance profile {h1,h2,…,hnAnd flange height { g1,g2,…,gn}；The first laser displacement transducer L1 that is drawn by step 4, second laser Displacement transducer L2 tread datum mark ordinate values y1、y2, extract and meet the available frame count evidence of formula (7), take this frame flange thickness and Flange height is used as optimal flange thickness and optimal flange height：
|y1-y2|≤0.05 (7)
Embodiment 1
First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer are installed successively on the inside of along train direction of advance track 4th laser displacement sensor L4, second laser displacement transducer L2 are installed on the outside of L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, track Arranged with the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 on Orbital Symmetry.First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement sensing Device L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 leave the right or normal track right angle setting apart from l1、l2、l3、l4 For 350mm.It is 800mm that first laser displacement transducer L1 and second laser displacement transducer L2, which is horizontally mounted distance, and second swashs It is 100mm that Optical displacement sensor L2 and the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, which are horizontally mounted distance,.First laser displacement transducer L1, Second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 and plumb line angle β1、 β2、β3、β4It is 40 °.First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 With direction along ng a path horizontal sextant angle α1、α2、α4It is 40 °, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 and orbital direction horizontal sextant angle α3For 45°.First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 are arranged on one On horizontal plane, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 and second laser displacement transducer L2 setting height(from bottom) differences m is 70mm.
To first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th Laser displacement sensor L4 output points carry out coordinate transform as the following formula：
To first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th Data point after laser displacement sensor L4 coordinate transforms, which is extracted, to be met | ui-ui-1|≤0.02 coordinate points, and to meeting condition Coordinate points abscissa value take average, obtain first laser displacement transducer L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 left sides horizontal Coordinate value xL1=222.3356, xL4=-354.6685, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 are right End face abscissa value xL2=-219.5691, xL3=-221.2235.
To first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 coordinates Data after conversion carry out 4 rank least square curve fittings of segmentation, obtain wheel tread curve equation.According to formula x1=xL1+70、x2= xL2-70、x3=xL3- 70 obtain tread datum mark abscissa x1=292.3356, x2=-289.5691, x3=-291.2235, by Wheel tread curve equation obtains tread datum mark ordinate value y1=170.5822, y2=170.5583, y3=140.8566, then One laser displacement sensor L1 tread datum mark A coordinates are (292.3356,170.5822), and second laser displacement transducer L2 is stepped on Face datum mark B coordinates be (- 289.5691,170.5583), the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum mark C coordinates for (- 291.2235,140.8566).
Stepped on according to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 Face datum mark transforms to wheel footpath frame of reference pwq according to following formula, obtain in inner circle three coordinate points D (269.3265, 109.6481)、E(-269.3448,109.6328)、F(-400.3993,169.6007)。
Bring point D, E, F into following formula, try to achieve wheel diameter D=807.9558mm.
According to multiframe first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2 data outputs, multigroup step on is drawn Face datum mark y1、y2, extract and meet | y1-y2|≤0.05 first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 output data, calculate flange thickness h=now 29.2256, flange height g=30.4268.
It is 807.7mm, flange thickness 29.1mm, flange height 30.5mm according to live artificial testing result wheel diameter, It can be seen that the present invention meets Site Detection demand.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of wheelset profile online test method based on laser displacement sensor, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
Step 1, sensor is laid：First laser displacement transducer L1, second are installed successively on the inside of along train direction of advance track 4th laser displacement sensor L4 is installed, second swashs on the outside of laser displacement sensor L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, track Optical displacement sensor L2 and the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 is arranged on Orbital Symmetry；
Step 2, coordinate transform：First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement are passed Coordinate system xoy where sensor L3, the data of the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 synchronous acquisitions carries out coordinate rotation, be converted into In the parallel uov coordinate systems of track inner face；
Step 3, wheel end face is extracted：According to first laser displacement transducer L1 in step 2, second laser displacement transducer L2, Coordinate value after 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 coordinate transforms, extracts first laser displacement Sensor L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 left sides and second laser displacement sensing L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 Right side；
Step 4, tread datum mark is extracted：According to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer in step 2 Data after L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 coordinate transforms carry out piecewise fitting, and the first laser obtained according to step 3 Displacement transducer L1 left sides, second laser displacement transducer L2 right sides and the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 right sides are extracted First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum marks；
Step 5, wheel diameter is calculated：First laser displacement transducer L1, the second laser displacement transducer obtained according to step 4 L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 tread datum marks, wheel diameter is asked for by 3 fitting circle principles；
Step 6, wheel rim parameter is calculated：Wheel tread contour line is obtained according to data fusion method, multiframe wheel rim is asked for thick Degree, flange height numerical value, are asked for most by first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2 geometrical relationship Excellent flange thickness and optimal flange height.
2. the wheelset profile online test method according to claim 1 based on laser displacement sensor, it is characterised in that First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th described in step 1 Laser displacement sensor L4 leaves the right or normal track right angle setting apart from l1、l2、l3、l4Equal, span is 300~400mm；First It is 700~900mm that laser displacement sensor L1 and second laser displacement transducer L2, which is horizontally mounted distance, and second laser displacement is passed It is 50~200mm that sensor L2 and the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, which are horizontally mounted distance,；First laser displacement transducer L1, second Laser displacement sensor L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 and plumb line angle β1、β2、 β3、β4Equal, span is 40~55 °；First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 4th swash Optical displacement sensor L4 and direction along ng a path horizontal sextant angle α1、α2、α4Equal, span is 35~45 °, the 3rd laser position Displacement sensor L3 and track horizontal sextant angle α3Span is 40~60 °；First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement Sensor L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 are arranged on a horizontal plane, and the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 and second swashs Optical displacement sensor L2 setting height(from bottom)s difference is m, and m span is 50~200mm.
3. the wheelset profile online test method according to claim 1 based on laser displacement sensor, it is characterised in that Coordinate transform described in step 2, it is specific as follows：
The two-dimensional coordinate value exported for first laser displacement transducer L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4According to Formula (1) coordinate is transformed to coordinate value
<mrow> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>cos&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>sin&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>cos&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>sin&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
Wherein, subscript i=1,4 represent first laser displacement transducer L1, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4；
The two-dimensional coordinate value exported for second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3According to Formula (2) coordinate is transformed to coordinate value
<mrow> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>cos&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>sin&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>v</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>y</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>cos&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>sin&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
Wherein, subscript i=2,3 represent second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3.
4. the wheelset profile online test method according to claim 1 based on laser displacement sensor, it is characterised in that Wheel end face described in step 3 is extracted, specific as follows：
According to the coordinate after step 2 coordinate transform, the coordinate points for meeting formula (3) are extracted：
|ui-ui-1|≤0.02 (3)
The u axle abscissa values for the condition that meets are taken to the average abscissa value as wheel tread end face；Set first laser displacement Sensor L1 left sides, second laser displacement transducer L2 right sides, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 right sides, the 4th laser Displacement transducer L4 left sides abscissa value is respectively xL1、xL2、xL3、xL4。
5. the wheelset profile online test method according to claim 1 based on laser displacement sensor, it is characterised in that Tread datum mark described in step 4 is extracted, specific as follows：
To first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 coordinate transforms Data point afterwards carries out 4 rank least square curve fittings of segmentation, obtains wheel tread curve equation：According to first laser displacement transducer L1 left sides abscissa value xL1, second laser displacement transducer L2 right side abscissa value xL2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 Right side abscissa value xL3, swashed by formula (4) acquisition first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd Optical displacement sensor L3 tread datum mark abscissas x1、x2、x3：
<mrow> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>70</mn> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>70</mn> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>70</mn> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
It is bent according to first laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement sensor L3 treads Line equation and abscissa value x1、x2、x3, obtain tread datum mark ordinate value y1、y2、y3, draw first laser displacement sensing Device L1 tread datum mark A coordinates (x1,y1), second laser displacement transducer L2 tread datum mark B coordinates (x2,y2), the 3rd laser Displacement transducer L3 tread datum mark C coordinates (x3,y3)。
6. the wheelset profile online test method according to claim 1 based on laser displacement sensor, it is characterised in that Wheel diameter described in step 5 is calculated, specific as follows：
First laser displacement transducer L1, second laser displacement transducer L2, the 3rd laser displacement extracted according to step 4 is sensed Device L3 tread benchmark point coordinates A (x1,y1)、B(x2,y2)、C(x3,y3), wheel footpath frame of reference pwq is transformed to according to formula (5), Obtain three coordinate points D (p in inner circle1,q1)、E(p2,q2)、F(p3,q3)：
<mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>5</mn> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>cos&amp;alpha;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>sin&amp;alpha;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mtd> <mtd> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>5</mn> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>cos&amp;alpha;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>sin&amp;alpha;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mtd> <mtd> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>5</mn> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>6</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>cos&amp;alpha;</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>sin&amp;alpha;</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
According to tri- point coordinates of D, E, F in inner circle, wheel diameter D is obtained by formula (6)：
<mrow> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <mo>(</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msubsup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
7. the wheelset profile online test method according to claim 1 based on laser displacement sensor, it is characterised in that Wheel rim parameter described in step 6 is calculated, specific as follows：
According to data fusion method, by second laser displacement transducer L2, the 4th laser displacement sensor L4 parts tread information Complete flange tread appearance profile is aggregated into, multiframe flange tread curve is obtained, and then obtain multigroup flange thickness { h1, h2,…,hnAnd flange height { g1,g2,…,gn}；The first laser displacement transducer L1 that is drawn by step 4, second laser displacement Sensor L2 tread datum mark ordinate values y1、y2, the available frame count evidence for meeting formula (7) is extracted, this frame flange thickness and wheel rim is taken Height is used as optimal flange thickness and optimal flange height：
|y1-y2|≤0.05 (7)。
CN201710265658.9A 2017-04-21 2017-04-21 A kind of wheelset profile online test method based on laser displacement sensor Pending CN107097808A (en)

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