CN107093801A - High-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism - Google Patents
High-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107093801A CN107093801A CN201710299772.3A CN201710299772A CN107093801A CN 107093801 A CN107093801 A CN 107093801A CN 201710299772 A CN201710299772 A CN 201710299772A CN 107093801 A CN107093801 A CN 107093801A
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- electromagnetism
- super surface
- angular momentum
- individual layer
- orbital angular
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/004—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective using superconducting materials or magnetised substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, including medium substrate, metal floor and bay.Also include being arranged on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism above metal floor, the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab along X, the super surface cell composition of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of Y-axis two-dimension periodic arrangement, and P1, P2 is positive integer, and arrangement spacing distance is P.The lower surface of the medium substrate is attached with metal floor, and upper surface is attached with N number of bay, and N is the positive integer more than 2L, and L represents the mode number of orbital angular momentum.Bay is connected by feed metal post with the input port on metal floor.The present invention can produce the high order mode orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple of high-gain using the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, be conducive to the transmission of efficiently remote orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple, and engineering realizability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, further relate to a kind of electric using individual layer in electromagnetic material technical field
The super surface of magnetic realizes that antenna beam is converged, and improves the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna of antenna gain.The present invention can be logical
Believe the radio frequency and microwave band of technical field, realize the high-gain transmitting of multiple modalities orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave and pass
It is defeated.
Background technology
Orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave is the spiral electromagnetic beam for carrying orbital angular momentum, the track angle of different mode
There is orthogonality between momentum, so the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave of various modes can be transmitted in same working frequency,
And the pattern of orbital angular momentum in theory can value it is infinite, therefore can greatly be lifted using orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave
Communication spectrum utilization rate, significant role is played in wireless communication field.However, due to conventional rails Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave
Wavefront contains the singular point that light intensity is 0, and with the increase of orbital angular momentum pattern exponent number, singularity region area increases therewith,
So as to cause the divergence characterization of orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave in itself, it is unfavorable for long-distance transmissions.Therefore track angle is reduced
The light intensity singularity region area of momentum vortex electromagnetic wave, realizes that the orbital angular momentum vortex ripple main beam gain of higher order mode is carried
Rise, advantageously account for the problem of higher order mode vortex ripple can not realize long-distance transmissions.
Patent document " a kind of orbital angular momentum snail phase based on phase shift surface that Zhejiang University applies at it
Plate " (application number：201510654873.9, publication number：One kind is proposed in 105206900A) can produce 1 rank modal trajectory angular motion
The snail phase-plate of amount.The phase-shift units different by multiple sizes of the snail phase-plate are constituted, each phase shift list
Member is made up of multilayer dielectricity layer and metal level, and dielectric layer and metal level are intervally arranged.The spiral phase plate is with printed circuit board (PCB)
Mode makes, and preparation technology is simple, and cost is low, and 1 rank mode is realized by regulating and controlling the phase-delay characteristic of each phase-shift unit
Orbital angular momentum.But, the weak point that the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna still has is：First, the spiral
Phase-plate is made up of various sizes of phase-shift unit, and various sizes of phase-shift unit can produce different degrees of to incident electromagnetic wave
Reflection, the different degrees of reflection can cause low emission effciency, the distortion of orbital angular momentum wave beam, communication quality to decline.Second, should
Although spiral phase plate realizes the orbital angular momentum of 1 rank mode, but the Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave that the spiral phase plate is produced
Mode lower-order, it is impossible to realize communication system efficient multi-channel transmission.3rd, the phase-shift unit of the reflective array antenna includes
The mode that multilayer acoustical panel and metal level, dielectric layer and metal level are intervally arranged is complex, high to requirement on machining accuracy, processing
Costly, Project Realization is poor.
" one kind produces microwave track angular motion to the patent document that Scientific and Technological Institutes Of Zhejiang applies at it based on the super surface of phase gradient
The array antenna of amount " (application number：201610237896.4, publication number：Proposed in 105870604A) a kind of based on phase ladder
The super surface of degree produces the reflective array antenna of microwave orbital angular momentum.The reflective array antenna is by various sizes of reflection-type phase-shifting unit
Rearrange, each reflection-type phase-shifting unit is by dielectric-slab, metal level and metal tube composition.The array antenna has superior anti-
Effect is penetrated, by phase-delay characteristic of the size realization to each reflection-type phase-shifting unit for regulating and controlling each reflection-type phase-shifting unit
Regulation and control, it is achieved thereby that the orbital angular momentum of 1 rank mode.But, the weak point that the device still has is：First, the phase
The super surface of potential gradient is made up of various sizes of phase-shifting unit, and various sizes of phase-shifting unit be able to can be produced not to incident electromagnetic wave
With the reflection of degree, the different degrees of reflection can cause under low emission effciency, the distortion of orbital angular momentum wave beam, communication quality
Drop.Second, although the reflective array antenna realizes the orbital angular momentum of 1 rank mode, but the angular momentum that the reflective array antenna is produced
The mode lower-order of vortex electromagnetic wave, it is impossible to realize the efficient multi-channel transmission of communication system.3rd, the phase-shifting unit is by medium
Plate, metal level and metal tube composition, the reflective array antenna being made up of multiple phase-shifting units high, processing cost to requirement on machining accuracy
Costliness, Project Realization is poor.
Patent document " a kind of orbital angular momentum antenna " (application number that University of Electronic Science and Technology applies at it：
201510770352.X, publication number：Propose a kind of antenna for producing orbital angular momentum in 105322285A), the antenna by
Parabolic and helical antenna feed composition, helical antenna feed is the flat helical antenna with floor, parabolic reflective
Face is the paraboloid of revolution or incision paraboloid of standard, and helical antenna is used to feed parabolic as feed,
Reflection of the radiation field of helical antenna feed by parabolic available 2 ranks, -2 ranks, the orbital angular momentum of 1 rank mode
Electromagnetic wave.But, the weak point that the device still has is：First, although the orbital angular momentum antenna realizes 2 ranks, -2
Rank, the orbital angular momentum of 1 three kinds of mode of rank, but the light of the wavefront of the Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave of orbital angular momentum antenna generation
It is strong larger for 0 singularity region area, and with the increase of orbital angular momentum pattern exponent number, singularity region area increases therewith,
So as to cause low emission effciency, the distortion of orbital angular momentum wave beam, communication quality to decline.Second, although the orbital angular momentum antenna
Realize 2 ranks, -2 ranks, the orbital angular momentum of 1 three kinds of mode of rank, but the Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetism that the orbital angular momentum antenna is produced
The mode lower-order of ripple, it is impossible to realize the efficient multi-channel transmission of communication system.3rd, the parabolic and helical antenna
Feed is nonplanar structure, high to requirement on machining accuracy, and processing cost is expensive, and Project Realization is poor.
In summary, the generation device of current track Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave has three, one is, it is existing
The generation device of orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave has low emission effciency, the distortion of orbital angular momentum wave beam, communication quality to decline
Deficiency.The second is, the mould of the Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave of the generation device generation of existing orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave
State lower-order, it is impossible to realize the efficient multi-channel transmission of communication system.The third is, existing orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave
Generation device is high to requirement on machining accuracy, and processing cost is expensive, and Project Realization is poor.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art to be produced there is provided one kind using the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism
The device of raw high-gain orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave, by setting the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism above hoop antenna battle array,
And control the distance between the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism and hoop antenna battle array so that every kind of orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave mode
Corresponding main beam gain lifting, reduces the singularity region area that corresponding wavefront light intensity is 0, solves orbital angular momentum vortex electricity
Magnetic wave emission effciency is low, orbital angular momentum wave beam distorts, communication quality declines, it is impossible to realize that the efficient multi-channel of communication system is passed
Defeated the problems such as.
Realizing the concrete thought of the present invention is：By N number of bay along even circumferential at equal intervals arrangement group of the radius for R
Into hoop antenna battle array, N number of bay is fed into the stationary phase delay between the signal of same magnitude, adjacent antenna array element
For 2L/N, by controlling the phase distribution of N number of bay, 0 rank, 1 rank, 2 ranks, the track angle of 3 four kinds of rank mode are realized respectively
Momentum vortex electromagnetic wave.The super surface of individual layer electromagnetism is set above hoop antenna battle array.The electromagnetic wave that hoop antenna paroxysm goes out
Be irradiated on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism and produce multiple reflections, radiation from the main beam of orbital angular momentum wave beam to hoop antenna battle array
Direction axis is gathered, and wavefront light intensity reduces for 0 singularity region area.By setting the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism and annular day
The distance between linear array, maximizes the corresponding main beam gain lifting values of every kind of orbital angular momentum mode, corresponding wavefront light
It is strong to be minimized for 0 singularity region area, so as to solve that high-order orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic radiation efficiency is low, track angular motion
Measure wave beam distortion, communication quality to decline, it is impossible to realize the efficient multi-channel transmission of communication system, the problems such as Project Realization is poor.
To achieve the above object, the present invention includes medium substrate, metal floor and bay.Also include being arranged on metal
The super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism of the top of floor 2, the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, and Y-axis two dimension is arranged
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism is constituted, and P1, P2 is positive integer, and arrangement spacing distance is P.The following table of the medium substrate
Face is attached with metal floor, and upper surface is attached with N number of bay, and N is the positive integer more than 2L, and L represents orbital angular momentum
Mode number.Bay is connected by feed metal post with the input port on metal floor.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
First, because the present invention is set using above the N number of bay that can produce orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave
Multiple reflections are produced on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave irradiation to the super surface of electromagnetism so that track angle
The electromagenetic wave radiation direction center that the main beam of momentum wave beam is produced to N number of bay is gathered, and realizes the track angle of high-gain
Momentum vortex electromagnetic wave, overcome prior art presence emission effciency is low, the distortion of orbital angular momentum wave beam, communication quality decline
Deficiency so that the present invention in the case where not changing the structure and arrangement mode of bay, be obviously improved orbital angular momentum
The corresponding main beam gain of vortex electromagnetic wave, reduces the singularity region area that wavefront light intensity is 0, so as to ensure long-distance transmissions rail
Road Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave.
Second, because the present invention is using the setting individual layer electricity above the array antenna for producing orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave
The distance between the super surface of magnetic, the metal floor by adjusting the super surface of electromagnetism and array antenna, farthest reduce high-order
The wavefront light intensity of pattern orbital angular momentum wave beam is 0 singularity region area, realizes the higher order mode orbital angular momentum of high-gain
Vortex electromagnetic wave, overcomes the mode lower-order of the Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave of prior art presence, it is impossible to realize communication system
Efficient multi-channel transmission deficiency so that the present invention by N number of bay (N/2-1) of feeding plant independent phase distribution come
Realization reaches as high as the high-gain orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave of (N/2-1) rank mode, so as to ensure the logical of efficient multi-channel
Letter transmission.
3rd, because the present invention is used above along radius for N number of bay of the equally spaced arrangement of R even circumferential
The super surface of individual layer electromagnetism is set, by being printed on single-layer medium plate along X, P1 × P2 size phase of Y-axis two-dimension periodic arrangement
The same super surface cell of electromagnetism, greatly simplify the device design of high-gain orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave, overcomes existing
High to requirement on machining accuracy with the presence of the generation device of the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave of technology, processing cost is expensive, engineering
Realisation poor deficiency so that by the present invention in that realizing high-gain rail with the form of the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism and aerial array
Road Angular Momentum Vortex electromagnetic wave, so that the structural complexity for producing high-gain orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetism wave apparatus is reduced,
Engineering realizability is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the far field radiation pattern before and after the super surface of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the phase distribution figure on the filed-close plane before and after the embodiment of the present invention 1 places the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism；
Fig. 4 is the far field radiation pattern before and after the super surface of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 5 is the phase distribution figure on the filed-close plane before and after the embodiment of the present invention 2 places the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism；
Fig. 6 is the far field radiation pattern before and after the super surface of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 7 is the phase distribution figure on the filed-close plane before and after the embodiment of the present invention 3 places the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism；
Fig. 8 is the far field radiation pattern before and after the super surface of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 9 is the phase distribution figure on the filed-close plane before and after the embodiment of the present invention 1 places the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism.
Specific implementation
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the drawings 1, the structural representation of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention includes medium substrate 1, metal floor 2 and bay 3.Also include being arranged on the top of metal floor 2
The super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism, distance between the two is chosen in range lambda/10- λ.The super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached to medium
Along X on plate 41, the super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of Y-axis two dimension arrangement is constituted, and P1, P2 is positive integer, spacer of arranging
It is λ/4- λ/2 from the span for P, arrangement spacing distance P.The relative dielectric constant of medium Slab element 41 is εr, thickness is
T, εrSpan be 2-10, T span is 0.5mm-3mm.The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is grid, circle, big
Any one shape in 3 positive V sides shape, V is the positive integer more than 3.The lower surface of medium substrate 1 is attached with metal floor
2, upper surface is attached with N number of bay 3, and N is the positive integer more than 2L, and L represents the mode number of orbital angular momentum.Medium substrate
1 relative dielectric constant is εr, thickness is h, εrSpan be 2-10, h span is 0.5mm-3mm.Medium substrate
1 and metal floor 2 be circular or positive K sides shape, K is the positive integer more than 3.Bay 3 passes through feed metal post 31 and gold
Input port 21 on possession plate 2 is connected.The shape of bay 3 is M sides shape or circle, and M is the positive integer more than 3.My god
Linear array member 3 along radius be R the equally spaced upper surface for being arranged in medium substrate 1 of even circumferential, R>0.6 λ, λ represent antenna array
First 3 wavelength at working frequency.Input port 21 is the circular port being etched on metal floor 2, input port 21 and feed
Metal column 31 is coaxial.
Referring to the drawings 2, the embodiment of the present invention 1 is placed the far field radiation pattern before and after individual layer electromagnetism super surface 4 make into
The description of one step.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 1 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as square, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is
0.8mm, bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is that 8,8 bays 3 are arranged at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Cloth constitutes array antenna, and the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is set
The top of metal floor 2 is placed in, distance between the two is 16.2mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41
Along X, the super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of Y-axis two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, arrangement spacing distance P
For 10mm, the super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65,
Thickness T is 1.5mm.By presenting 8 bays 3 with constant amplitude in-phase signal, the orbital angular momentum electromagnetism that mode is 0 can be achieved
Vortex ripple.Abscissa in Fig. 2 is deflection (unit is deg), and ordinate is that the curve in gain (unit is dB), Fig. 2 is
Realize that the array antenna of 0 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple places the far-field radiation gain before and after the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism
With the change curve of orientation angle.Curve D0To realize that the array antenna of 0 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple places single
Far-field radiation gain before the super surface 4 of layer electromagnetism is with the change curve of orientation angle, curve D0cTo realize 0 modal trajectory angular motion
The array antenna for measuring electromagnetism vortex ripple places the far-field radiation gain behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with the change song of deflection
Line.The main beam direction of array antenna is the maximum gain on deflection.Realize the battle array of 0 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple
Array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism is improved behind super surface 4 relative to the main beam gain placed before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism
10.1dB, beam center spatial domain area reduces, you can realize the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave long-distance transmissions that mode is 0.
Referring to the drawings 3, to the phase point on the filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of the embodiment of the present invention 1
Butut is further described.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 1 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as positive 4 side shape, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is 0.8mm,
Bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is 8,8 bays 3 to arrange composition at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Array antenna, the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is arranged at gold
The top of possession plate 2, distance between the two is 16.2mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, Y-axis
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, and arrangement spacing distance P is 10mm,
The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65, thickness T is
1.5mm.By presenting 8 bays 3 with constant amplitude in-phase signal, the orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple that mode is 0 can be achieved.
Abscissa in Fig. 3 is the one-dimensional coordinate (unit is mm) in filed-close plane two-dimensional coordinate, and ordinate is filed-close plane two dimension seat
Another dimension coordinate (unit is mm) in mark, the shade on right side represents phase value (deg), and filed-close plane is distance arrays day
Collimation method is to the two dimensional surface that size at 17 λ is the λ of 17 λ × 17, and the planar figure in Fig. 3 be to realize that 0 modal trajectory angular momentum is electric
Two dimension point of the spiral Wave-front phase on filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism of vortex ripple
Cloth.P0The planar figure of mark is to realize that the array antenna of 0 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple is placed individual layer electromagnetism and surpassed
Two dimensional Distribution of the spiral Wave-front phase on filed-close plane before surface 4, P0cThe planar figure of mark is to realize 0 modal trajectory
The array antenna of angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple places two of the spiral Wave-front phase behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism on filed-close plane
Dimension distribution.The phase distribution figure on filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism can be realized obvious
Mode is that 0 orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic characteristics, the i.e. super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism are positioned on array antenna and can improved
The phase characteristic of orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple is kept while mode is 0 orbital angular momentum main beam gain, so as to protect
Demonstrate,prove the communication quality of long-distance transmissions.
Referring to the drawings 4, the embodiment of the present invention 2 is placed the far field radiation pattern before and after individual layer electromagnetism super surface 4 make into
The description of one step.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 2 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as positive 4 side shape, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is 0.8mm,
Bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is 8,8 bays 3 to arrange composition at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Array antenna, the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is arranged at gold
The top of possession plate 2, distance between the two is 16.3mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, Y-axis
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, and arrangement spacing distance P is 10mm,
The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65, thickness T is
1.5mm.By the way that 8 bays 3 are presented with the signal using constant amplitude fixed phase difference as -45deg, the track angle that mode is 1 can be achieved
Momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple.Abscissa in Fig. 4 is orientation angle (unit is deg), and ordinate is gain (unit is dB), Fig. 4
In curve be that the array antenna for realizing 1 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple places remote before and after individual layer electromagnetism super surface 4
Field radiation gain is with the change curve of orientation angle.Curve D1To realize the array of 1 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple
Antenna places the far-field radiation gain before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with the change curve of orientation angle, curve D1cTo realize 1 mould
The array antenna of state orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple places the far-field radiation gain behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with deflection
The change curve of degree.The main beam direction of array antenna is the maximum gain on orientation angle.Realize 1 modal trajectory angular momentum electricity
The array antenna of vortex ripple is placed behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism relative to the main beam increasing placed before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism
Benefit improves 11dB, and beam center spatial domain area reduces, you can realize that the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave that mode is 1 is remote
Transmission.
Referring to the drawings 5, to the phase point on the filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Butut is further described.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 2 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as positive 4 side shape, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is 0.8mm,
Bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is 8,8 bays 3 to arrange composition at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Array antenna, the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is arranged at gold
The top of possession plate 2, distance between the two is 16.3mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, Y-axis
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, and arrangement spacing distance P is 10mm,
The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65, thickness T is
1.5mm.By the way that 8 bays 3 are presented with the signal using constant amplitude fixed phase difference as -45deg, the track angle that mode is 1 can be achieved
Momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple.Abscissa in Fig. 5 is the one-dimensional coordinate (unit is mm) in filed-close plane two-dimensional coordinate, and ordinate is
Another dimension coordinate (unit is mm) in filed-close plane two-dimensional coordinate, the shade on right side represents phase value (deg), and near field is put down
Face is that the planar figure in the two dimensional surface that size is the λ of 17 λ × 17 at the λ of distance arrays antenna normal direction 17, Fig. 5 is to realize 1 mould
Spiral Wave-front phase before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism of state orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple is flat near field
Two dimensional Distribution on face.P1The planar figure of mark is that the array antenna for realizing 1 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple is put
Put Two dimensional Distribution of the spiral Wave-front phase before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism on filed-close plane, P1cThe planar figure of mark is
Realize that the spiral Wave-front phase that the array antenna of 1 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple is placed behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism exists
Two dimensional Distribution on filed-close plane.The phase distribution figure on filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism
It can realize that the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic characteristics that obvious mode is 1, the i.e. super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism are positioned over array day
The phase of orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple can be kept on line while the orbital angular momentum main beam gain that mode is 1 is improved
Position characteristic, so as to ensure the communication quality of long-distance transmissions.
Referring to the drawings 6, embodiments of the invention 3 are placed with the far field radiation pattern work before and after the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism
Further description.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 3 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as positive 4 side shape, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is 0.8mm,
Bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is 8,8 bays 3 to arrange composition at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Array antenna, the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is arranged at gold
The top of possession plate 2, distance between the two is 16.5mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, Y-axis
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, and arrangement spacing distance P is 10mm,
The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65, thickness T is
1.5mm.By the way that 8 bays 3 are presented with the signal using constant amplitude fixed phase difference as -90deg, the track angle that mode is 2 can be achieved
Momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple.Abscissa in Fig. 6 is orientation angle (unit is deg), and ordinate is gain (unit is dB), Fig. 6
In curve be that the array antenna for realizing 2 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples places remote before and after individual layer electromagnetism super surface 4
Field radiation gain is with the change curve of orientation angle.Curve D2To realize the array of 2 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples
Antenna places the far-field radiation gain before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with the change curve of orientation angle, curve D2cTo realize 2 moulds
The array antenna of state orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple places the far-field radiation gain behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with deflection
The change curve of degree.The main beam direction of array antenna is the maximum gain on orientation angle.Realize 2 modal trajectory angular momentums electricity
The array antenna of vortex ripple is placed behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism relative to the main beam increasing placed before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism
Benefit improves 8.7dB, and beam center spatial domain area reduces, you can realize the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave long distance that mode is 2
From transmission.
Referring to the drawings 7, to the phase point on the filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of the embodiment of the present invention 3
Butut is further described.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 3 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as positive 4 side shape, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is 0.8mm,
Bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is 8,8 bays 3 to arrange composition at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Array antenna, the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is arranged at gold
The top of possession plate 2, distance between the two is 16.5mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, Y-axis
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, and arrangement spacing distance P is 10mm,
The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65, thickness T is
1.5mm.By the way that 8 bays 3 are presented with the signal using constant amplitude fixed phase difference as -90deg, the track angle that mode is 2 can be achieved
Momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple.Abscissa in Fig. 7 is the one-dimensional coordinate (unit is mm) in filed-close plane two-dimensional coordinate, and ordinate is
Another dimension coordinate (unit is mm) in filed-close plane two-dimensional coordinate, the shade on right side represents phase value (deg), and near field is put down
Face is that the planar figure in the two dimensional surface that size is the λ of 17 λ × 17 at the λ of distance arrays antenna normal direction 17, Fig. 7 is to realize 2 moulds
Spiral Wave-front phase before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism of state orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple is flat near field
Two dimensional Distribution on face.P2The planar figure of mark is that the array antenna for realizing 2 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples is put
Put Two dimensional Distribution of the spiral Wave-front phase before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism on filed-close plane, P2cThe planar figure of mark is
Realize that the spiral Wave-front phase that the array antenna of 2 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples is placed behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism exists
Two dimensional Distribution on filed-close plane.The phase distribution figure on filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism
It can realize that the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic characteristics that obvious mode is 2, the i.e. super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism are positioned over array day
The phase of orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple can be kept on line while the orbital angular momentum main beam gain that mode is 2 is improved
Position characteristic, so as to ensure the communication quality of long-distance transmissions.
Referring to the drawings 8, the embodiment of the present invention 4 is placed the far field radiation pattern before and after individual layer electromagnetism super surface 4 make into
The description of one step.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 4 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as positive 4 side shape, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is 0.8mm,
Bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is 8,8 bays 3 to arrange composition at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Array antenna, the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is arranged at gold
The top of possession plate 2, distance between the two is 16.9mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, Y-axis
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, and arrangement spacing distance P is 10mm,
The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65, thickness T is
1.5mm.By the way that 8 bays 3 are presented with the signal using constant amplitude fixed phase difference as -135deg, the track angle that mode is 3 can be achieved
Momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple.Abscissa in Fig. 8 is orientation angle (unit is deg), and ordinate is gain (unit is dB), Fig. 8
In curve be that the array antenna for realizing 3 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples places remote before and after individual layer electromagnetism super surface 4
Field radiation gain is with the change curve of orientation angle.Curve D3To realize the array of 3 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples
Antenna places the far-field radiation gain before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with the change curve of orientation angle, curve D3cTo realize 0 mould
The array antenna of state orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple places the far-field radiation gain behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with deflection
The change curve of degree.The main beam direction of array antenna is the maximum gain on orientation angle.Realize 3 modal trajectory angular momentums electricity
The array antenna of vortex ripple is placed behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism relative to the main beam increasing placed before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism
Benefit improves 7dB, and beam center spatial domain area reduces, you can realize that the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave that mode is 3 is remote
Transmission.
Referring to the drawings 9, to the phase on the filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of the placement individual layer electromagnetism of embodiments of the invention 4
Distribution map is further described.
The high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna overall structure diagram of embodiment 4 is identical with Fig. 1 in the present invention, medium
Substrate 1 and metal floor 2 are shaped as positive 4 side shape, the relative dielectric constant ε of medium substrate 1rFor 2.65, thickness h is 0.8mm,
Bay 3 is shaped as circle, and N is 8,8 bays 3 to arrange composition at equal intervals along radius R for 60mm even circumferential
Array antenna, the working frequency of array antenna is 10GHz, and corresponding wavelength X is 30mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is arranged at gold
The top of possession plate 2, distance between the two is 16.9mm, and the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism is by being attached on dielectric-slab 41 along X, Y-axis
The super surface cell 42 of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of two-dimension periodic arrangement is constituted, and P1 is that 17, P2 is 18, and arrangement spacing distance P is 10mm,
The super surface cell 42 of electromagnetism is the square that the length of side is 8mm, the relative dielectric constant ε of dielectric-slab 41rFor 2.65, thickness T is
1.5mm.By the way that 8 bays 3 are presented with the signal using constant amplitude fixed phase difference as -135deg, the track angle that mode is 3 can be achieved
Momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple.Abscissa in Fig. 9 is the one-dimensional coordinate (unit is mm) in filed-close plane two-dimensional coordinate, and ordinate is
Another dimension coordinate (unit is mm) in filed-close plane two-dimensional coordinate, the shade on right side represents phase value (deg), and near field is put down
Face is that the planar figure in the two dimensional surface that size is the λ of 17 λ × 17 at the λ of distance arrays antenna normal direction 17, Fig. 9 is to realize 3 moulds
Spiral Wave-front phase before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism of state orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple is flat near field
Two dimensional Distribution on face.P3The planar figure of mark is that the array antenna for realizing 3 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples is put
Put Two dimensional Distribution of the spiral Wave-front phase before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism on filed-close plane, P3cThe planar figure of mark is
Realize that the spiral Wave-front phase that the array antenna of 3 modal trajectory angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripples is placed behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism exists
Two dimensional Distribution on filed-close plane.The phase distribution figure on filed-close plane before and after the super surface 4 of array antenna placement individual layer electromagnetism
It can realize that the orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic characteristics that obvious mode is 3, the i.e. super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism are positioned over array day
The phase of orbital angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple can be kept on line while the orbital angular momentum main beam gain that mode is 3 is improved
Position characteristic, so as to ensure the communication quality of long-distance transmissions.
In summary, the present invention can realize the high-gain angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple of four kinds of mode.In working frequency
At 10GHz, hoop antenna battle array places the far field radiation pattern before the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism with angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple
The increase of mode number, wavefront light intensity increases for 0 singularity region area, and directional diagram gradually dissipates, and is not suitable for long-distance transmissions
Angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple.At working frequency 10GHz, hoop antenna battle array places the far field spoke behind the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism
Directional diagram is penetrated relative to the far field radiation pattern for not placing the super surface 4 of individual layer electromagnetism, identical orbital angular momentum angle is being kept
Under momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple mode, the singularity region area that wavefront light intensity is 0 is greatly reduced, main beam is to hoop antenna
The radiation direction axis of battle array is gathered, and greatly improves main beam gain, so as to solve high order mode orbital angular momentum vortex
Electromagnetic radiation efficiency is low, orbital angular momentum wave beam distorts, communication quality declines, it is impossible to realize the efficient multi-channel of communication system
Transmission, and requirement on machining accuracy are high, and processing cost is expensive, the problems such as Project Realization is poor.
Above is the high-gain orbital angular momentum vortex electromagnetic wave of four kinds of specific mode of the present invention, is not constituted to this hair
Bright any limitation.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, including medium substrate (1), metal
Plate (2) and bay (3)；Characterized in that, also include being arranged on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism (4) above metal floor (2),
The super surface of individual layer electromagnetism (4) is by being attached on dielectric-slab (41) along X, the super surface of P1 × P2 electromagnetism of Y-axis two-dimension periodic arrangement
Unit (42) is constituted, and P1, P2 is positive integer, and arrangement spacing distance is P；The lower surface of the medium substrate (1) is attached with metal
Floor (2), upper surface is attached with N number of bay (3), and N is the positive integer more than 2L, and L represents the mode number of orbital angular momentum；
Bay (3) is connected by feed metal post (31) with the input port (21) on metal floor (2).
2. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the relative dielectric constant of the medium substrate (1) is εr, thickness is h, εrSpan be 2-10, h span
For 0.5mm-3mm.
3. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the medium substrate (1), metal floor (2) is circular or positive K sides shape, K is the positive integer more than 3.
4. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the shape of the bay (3) is M sides shape or circle, and M is the positive integer more than 3, bay (3) edge
Radius is the R equally spaced upper surface for being arranged in medium substrate (1) of even circumferential, R>0.6 λ, λ represent that bay (3) exists
Wavelength at working frequency.
5. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism (4) is arranged above metal floor (2), distance between the two is selected in range lambda/4- λ
Take.
6. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the input port (21) is the circular port being etched on metal floor (2), input port (21) and feed metal post
(31) it is coaxial.
7. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the span of the arrangement spacing distance P is λ/4- λ/2.
8. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric-slab (41) is εr, thickness is T, εrSpan be 2-10, T span is
0.5mm-3mm。
9. the high-gain orbital angular momentum array antenna according to claim 1 based on the super surface of individual layer electromagnetism, its feature
It is, the super surface cell of electromagnetism (42) is any one shape in grid, circle, positive V sides shape, and V is more than 3 just
Integer.
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