CN107081129A - A kind of charcoal and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107081129A CN107081129A CN201710295343.9A CN201710295343A CN107081129A CN 107081129 A CN107081129 A CN 107081129A CN 201710295343 A CN201710295343 A CN 201710295343A CN 107081129 A CN107081129 A CN 107081129A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- charcoal
- south america
- wedelia chinensis
- waste water
- america wedelia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of charcoal and preparation method and application, charcoal is prepared using South America wedelia chinensis as raw material, and preparation method is:South America wedelia chinensis is cleaned up, dried and crushed;South America wedelia chinensis powder is placed in nitrogen, the temperature of South America wedelia chinensis powder activation is 400~700 DEG C, the time of activation is 0.5~10h;Cooling, obtains charcoal first product;Charcoal first product is crushed, charcoal is obtained;The operating method of cadmium is in charcoal reduction waste water:Cadmium concentration is 10~550mg/L in waste water, and pH value of waste water is 2~8, and charcoal dosage is 0.5~1.5mg/mL, and adsorption time is 5min~24h, and temperature is 25 DEG C, and oscillation rate is 250rpm.Charcoal of the present invention is prepared using South America wedelia chinensis as raw material, can not only adsorb heavy metal in waste water, moreover it is possible to remove the invasion danger that South America wedelia chinensis brings;The ability of the cadmium of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal absorption simultaneously is stronger.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment engineering technology, more particularly to a kind of charcoal and preparation method and application.
Background technology
Cadmium is the heavy metal that a kind of dissolubility is higher, toxicity is stronger, and cadmium can in vivo be enriched with, be entered by food chain
Human body causes slow poisoning, a series of diseases such as anaemia, osteoporosis and kidney are damaged.However, the raw material that cadmium, which is industrial or agricultural, to be used,
It is widely used in the industries such as plating, alloy, insecticide and battery manufacture, it enters environment in " three wastes " form, so as to cause cadmium
It is seriously polluted exceeded.Therefore, the cadmium pollution problems demand in environment is solved.
Charcoal is a kind of environmentally friendly material, because with specific surface area is big and the characteristic such as microcellular structure, it can show
Write heavy metal in ground adsorbed water body;Meanwhile, the preparation method of charcoal is relatively easy, cheap.Therefore, charcoal can be used
Heavy metal cadmium in absorption waste water.
South America wedelia chinensis was listed in one of 100 kinds of Strategy of Alien Invasive Species of harm most serious in the world, 70 years 19th century
Generation, South America wedelia chinensis is introduced on a large scale as a kind of greenbelt plants by many national (including China), but final outburst is caused disaster,
Especially diffusion is spread in South China of China.The annidation of South America wedelia chinensis is strong, fast growth, plant productivity are high,
Single excellent phytobiocoenose is easily formed after invasion and is grown in flakes, great threat is caused to local bio-diversity.But at present still
Do not report:Charcoal is prepared by raw material of South America wedelia chinensis to administer waste water, reaches the effect of doulbe-sides' victory.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to overcome that the deficiency that prior art is present, and a kind of charcoal and preparation method thereof is provided with answering
With the charcoal is prepared using South America wedelia chinensis as raw material, can not only adsorb heavy metal in waste water, moreover it is possible to remove South America amphibious crab
The invasion danger that chrysanthemum brings.To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is:South America wedelia chinensis is preparing biology
Application in charcoal.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of charcoal, comprise the following steps:
South America wedelia chinensis 1a) is cleaned up, dried and be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.15mm, South America amphibious crab inulin is obtained
End;
1b) by step 1a) in South America wedelia chinensis powder be placed in nitrogen, South America wedelia chinensis powder activation temperature be 400
~700 DEG C, the time of activation is 0.5~10h;Room temperature is cooled to, that is, obtains charcoal first product;
1c) by step 1b) described in charcoal first product crush, that is, obtain charcoal, the particle diameter of the charcoal is less than
0.15mm.South America wedelia chinensis charcoal particle diameter prepared by the present invention is small, specific surface area bigger, microcellular structure is more prominent.
Be used as the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the step 1a) in drying temperature be 105 DEG C.
Be used as the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the step 1b) in the temperature of activation be 500 DEG C, time of activation is 4h.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of charcoal, the charcoal prepares gained using described method.
In addition, the present invention also provides application of the described charcoal in reduction heavy metal in waste water content.
As the improvement of above-mentioned technical proposal, the heavy metal is cadmium.
Further improved as above-mentioned technical proposal, the application of described charcoal in reduction waste water in cadmium content
For:Cadmium wastewater is before charcoal is added, and cadmium concentration control is in 10~550mg/L in waste water, and pH value of waste water is controlled 2~8;
Charcoal dosage is 0.5~1.5mg/mL.
Further improved as above-mentioned technical proposal, the application of described charcoal in reduction waste water in cadmium content
For:Added in cadmium wastewater after charcoal, adsorption time is 5min~24h, temperature is 25 DEG C, and oscillation rate is 250rpm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:The present invention provides a kind of charcoal and preparation method and application, of the invention
Charcoal is prepared using South America wedelia chinensis as raw material, can eliminate the invasion danger that South America wedelia chinensis brings, and can use biology
Charcoal adsorbs heavy metal in waste water, such as heavy metal cadmium;Charcoal particle diameter prepared by the present invention is small, specific surface area bigger, microcellular structure
More prominent, even if adding a small amount of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal in waste water, the adsorbance and adsorption rate of its heavy metal cadmium also can
Obtain more excellent effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of charcoal described in the embodiment of the present invention 1~3;
Fig. 2 is the SEM shape appearance figures of charcoal described in the embodiment of the present invention 1~3;
Fig. 3 is the FTIR spectrum figure of charcoal described in the embodiment of the present invention 1~3.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are better described, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, subordinate list and attached
The invention will be further described for figure.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1a) gather South America wedelia chinensis, the South America wedelia chinensis gathered is rinsed well, 105 DEG C dry and be crushed to particle diameter
Less than 0.15mm;
1b) by step 1a) in South America wedelia chinensis powder be placed in tube type resistance furnace and activated, it is 500 to set temperature
DEG C, the soak time 4h under nitrogen environmental protection;It is cooled to after room temperature and takes out, you can at the beginning of obtains South America wedelia chinensis charcoal
Product;
1c) by step 1b) described in charcoal first product be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.15mm, that is, obtain South America wedelia chinensis biological
Charcoal (as shown in Figure 1).
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1a) gather South America wedelia chinensis, the South America wedelia chinensis gathered is rinsed well, 105 DEG C dry and be crushed to particle diameter
Less than 0.15mm;
1b) by step 1a) in South America wedelia chinensis powder be placed in tube type resistance furnace and activated, it is 400 to set temperature
DEG C, the soak time 0.5h under nitrogen environmental protection;It is cooled to after room temperature and takes out, you can at the beginning of obtains South America wedelia chinensis charcoal
Product;
1c) by step 1b) described in charcoal first product be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.15mm, that is, obtain South America wedelia chinensis biological
Charcoal.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1a) gather South America wedelia chinensis, the South America wedelia chinensis gathered is rinsed well, 105 DEG C dry and be crushed to particle diameter
Less than 0.15mm;
1b) by step 1a) in South America wedelia chinensis powder be placed in tube type resistance furnace and activated, it is 700 to set temperature
DEG C, the soak time 24h under nitrogen environmental protection;It is cooled to after room temperature and takes out, you can at the beginning of obtains South America wedelia chinensis charcoal
Product;
1c) by step 1b) described in charcoal first product be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.15mm, that is, obtain South America wedelia chinensis biological
Charcoal.
Morphology analysis (SEM), South America wedelia chinensis are carried out to South America wedelia chinensis charcoal in embodiment 1~3
The appearance structure of charcoal is as shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that South America wedelia chinensis biology carbon surface has porous and Pipe bundle structure;To reality
Apply South America wedelia chinensis charcoal in example 1~3 and carry out infrared spectrum analysis, as shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that South America wedelia chinensis charcoal
There is abundant functional group on surface:-OH(3448.6cm-1), aliphatic-CH2Stretching vibration (2889.2cm-1), the flexible of C=C shake
Dynamic (2364.6cm-1), C-C and CO on aromatic rings3 2-(1421.5~1460.1cm-1) and cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin
- OH (the 1047.3cm of upper connection-1)。
Embodiment 4
South America in a kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, the present embodiment
Wedelia chinensis is prepared with the preparation method of embodiment 1, and the South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present embodiment cadmium in reduction waste water contains
The application of amount is as follows:Cadmium wastewater is before charcoal is added, and cadmium concentration is 50mg/L in waste water, and the pH value of waste water is 6;20mL
10mg South America wedelia chinensis charcoal is added in cadmium wastewater;5min is vibrated at 25 DEG C, oscillation rate is 250rpm;Reaction terminates
Afterwards, supernatant, filtering are gone, after being diluted by certain multiple, the concentration of cadmium metal after being adsorbed with NITRATE BY FLAME ATOMIC spectrophotometric determination.
Embodiment 5
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 4, difference
Part is:The time of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal absorption cadmium is 2h.
Embodiment 6
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 4, difference
Part is:The time of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal absorption cadmium is 24h.
Embodiment 7
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 4, difference
Part is:20mg South America wedelia chinensis charcoal is added in 20mL cadmium wastewater.
Embodiment 8
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 7, difference
Part is:The time of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal absorption cadmium is 2h.
Embodiment 9
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 7, difference
Part is:The time of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal absorption cadmium is 24h.
Embodiment 10
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 4, difference
Part is:30mg South America wedelia chinensis charcoal is added in 20mL cadmium wastewater.
Embodiment 11
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 10, area
Part is not:The time of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal absorption cadmium is 2h.
Embodiment 12
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 10, area
Part is not:The time of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal absorption cadmium is 24h.
Embodiment 13
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 12, area
Part is not:The pH value of waste water is 2.
Embodiment 14
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 12, area
Part is not:The pH value of waste water is 7.
Embodiment 15
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 12, area
Part is not:The pH value of waste water is 8.
Embodiment 16
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 12, area
Part is not:Cadmium concentration is 10mg/L in waste water.
Embodiment 17
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 12, area
Part is not:Cadmium concentration is 200mg/L in waste water.
Embodiment 18
A kind of application of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal of the present invention cadmium content in reduction waste water, be the same as Example 12, area
Part is not:Cadmium concentration is 550mg/L in waste water.
Table 1
As shown in table 1, table 1 list South America wedelia chinensis charcoal in embodiment 4~18 in reduction waste water cadmium content should
With, and South America wedelia chinensis charcoal adsorption capacity, adsorption rate.The South America wedelia chinensis charcoal adsorbance of the present invention can reach
120.66mg/g (maximum be 123.5mg/g, table 1 in unlisted), adsorption rate can reach as 99.64%;Due to the present invention's
Wedelia chinensis charcoal specific surface area bigger, microcellular structure in South America is more prominent, and the ability of charcoal adsorbing heavy metal cadmium is relatively
Well;Meanwhile, the amount that charcoal of the present invention is added is that 0.5~1.5mg/mL is significant lower.
From table 1 it follows that the ability of South America wedelia chinensis charcoal adsorbing heavy metal cadmium of the present invention is added with charcoal
Cadmium concentration, pH value of waste water and adsorption time are closely related in amount, waste water.Reference implementation example 4~6 (or embodiment 7~9 or implementation
Example 10~12), the reaction time is controlled in 2h;Reference implementation example 13~18, the pH value of waste water is controlled 6~8;Ginseng
Cadmium concentration in embodiment 15~18, waste water is examined to control in 50mg/L or so;Reference implementation example 4~18, charcoal dosage
Control can (remarks be referred to reference to adsorption capacity and adsorption rate) in 1.0mg/mL.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained in detail with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Understand, technical scheme can be modified or replaced on an equal basis, without departing from the essence of technical solution of the present invention
And scope.
Claims (9)
1. application of the South America wedelia chinensis in charcoal is prepared.
2. a kind of preparation method of charcoal, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:
South America wedelia chinensis 1a) is cleaned up, dried and be crushed to particle diameter less than 0.15mm, South America wedelia chinensis powder is obtained;
1b) by step 1a) in South America wedelia chinensis powder be placed in nitrogen, South America wedelia chinensis powder activation temperature be 400~700
DEG C, the time of activation is 0.5~10h;Room temperature is cooled to, that is, obtains charcoal first product;
1c) by step 1b) described in charcoal first product crush, that is, obtain charcoal, the particle diameter of the charcoal is less than 0.15mm.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The step 1a) in drying temperature be 105 DEG C.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The step 1b) in the temperature of activation be 500 DEG C, it is living
The time of change is 4h.
5. a kind of charcoal, it is characterised in that:The charcoal is prepared using the method as described in any one of claim 2~4
Gained.
6. application of the charcoal as claimed in claim 5 in reduction heavy metal in waste water content.
7. application as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:The heavy metal is cadmium.
8. application as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that:Cadmium wastewater is before charcoal is added, cadmium concentration in waste water
Control is controlled 2~8 in 10~550mg/L, pH value of waste water;Charcoal dosage is 0.5~1.5mg/mL.
9. application as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:Added in cadmium wastewater after charcoal, adsorption time is
5min~24h, temperature is 25 DEG C, and oscillation rate is 250rpm.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108178319A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-19 | 华南师范大学 | Hybridize application and administering method of the wedelia chinensis in cadmium pollution water body is administered |
CN108160037B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2021-02-02 | 佛山市铁人环保科技有限公司 | Modified biochar and preparation method thereof |
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CN108160037B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2021-02-02 | 佛山市铁人环保科技有限公司 | Modified biochar and preparation method thereof |
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