CN107072802B - 对由退化性、发炎性和风湿性的症状引起的拇指鞍状关节疾病的疼痛进行缓和的设备 - Google Patents

对由退化性、发炎性和风湿性的症状引起的拇指鞍状关节疾病的疼痛进行缓和的设备 Download PDF

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CN107072802B
CN107072802B CN201580039743.2A CN201580039743A CN107072802B CN 107072802 B CN107072802 B CN 107072802B CN 201580039743 A CN201580039743 A CN 201580039743A CN 107072802 B CN107072802 B CN 107072802B
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/01Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
    • A61F5/0102Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
    • A61F5/0104Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation
    • A61F5/0118Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation for the arms, hands or fingers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/01Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
    • A61F5/04Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints
    • A61F5/05Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints for immobilising
    • A61F5/058Splints
    • A61F5/05841Splints for the limbs
    • A61F5/05858Splints for the limbs for the arms
    • A61F5/05875Splints for the limbs for the arms for fingers

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种对由退化性、发炎性和风湿性的症状引起的拇指鞍状关节疾病的疼痛进行缓和的设备。借助它能够动态地使被关节炎改变的拇指鞍状关节卸载。本发明由夹板组成,其一方面被可松脱地固定在腕关节上,另一方面在第一拇指关节的下部夹紧患病的手。它在它的自然的初始位置中接收拇指。如果拇指被弯曲,则它使在所述拇指关节的下部由于它的径向运动或者弯曲使夹板向固定在所述腕关节上的支撑张紧并且由此将所述拇指鞍状关节至少从它的原先的地方抬起。由此在相互嵌入彼此的关节头之间产生缝隙。关节面不再相互导致疼痛地摩擦。

Description

对由退化性、发炎性和风湿性的症状引起的拇指鞍状关节疾 病的疼痛进行缓和的设备
背景技术
第一腕掌关节的关节病(Rhizarthrose)尤其涉及到拇指鞍状关节的疾病,由于该疾病而可能发生非特定的摩擦现象,随之而来的是软骨关节的滑动层的减少直至其完全地分解,同时伴随有逐渐痛苦的发炎和压力感受。此外,关节囊韧带组织(Kapsel-Band-Apparat)被二次地伤害且削弱。
迄今已知的治疗方式都将关节固定,由此或多或少地有效禁止了感觉痛苦的运动和负担。
在专利文献DE 3006 362 Al中描述了一种由两个敞开的、固定在前臂上的接条(Stegen)组成的发明,在该接条中另外将拇指如此导入到延伸至夹板末端的套筒中,使得整只手包括腕关节都被无法运动地锁定。
专利文献DE 3519493 Al公开了一种用于固定拇指鞍状关节的设备,在该设备中,拇指和手至少部分地被模制体围绕地固定。通过夹板的解剖学造型,手停留在其自然位置中并且由此促成了拇指鞍状关节(Daumen-Sattelgelenk)以及拇指基关节(Daumen-Grundgelenk)的固定。
在专利文献WO 2011/110420 Al中也提出一种设备,该设备实现了拇指鞍状关节的特定且完全的固定,并且由此可靠地禁止了由关节炎所损坏的关节的伴随痛苦的运动。
上述发明都具有这样的缺点,通过将关节固定,使关节囊韧带肌肉组织在短时间内疲劳,因此导致了运动方面的累加约束且伴随有疼痛症状的加重。
此外,只有当将也通常可塑性变形进而解剖学方面适配的夹板对要锁定的身体部位进行固定包围时,期望的固定才能够实现。由此,血循环被妨碍并且由于逐点作用的压力而造成了敏感和磨损。
由于上述固定,甚至只是实施轻微的身体操作都几乎被完全地禁止,并且由拇指和中指可构成的镊子抓取动作明显变得困难或者甚至不可能实现。
专利文献DE 20 2012 009 952 Ul与之前提到的原理有所区别,不仅固定拇指鞍状关节,而且通过贴入到解剖学方面适配的假肢中的翼状的、由柔软的填充材料构成的压垫,使该拇指鞍状关节叉开。拇指尖上的压力(如尤其在抓取镊子的情况下起作用的压力)由此通过解剖学方面构型的假肢被引导到手掌上,这就好像提高了压垫上的压力并且使相互摩擦的关节壳层(Gelenkschalen)逐渐扩张。
上述发明隐藏了如下缺点:拇指鞍状关节以固定地围绕的方式安置在夹板中。通过抵着夹板所引起的压力(该压力通过已贴入的压垫仍被提高),在穿戴该设备时可能会形成直至压力部位的逐点负荷。此外,对假肢的适配会引起并非微不足道的困难,因为压垫仅仅在精确地定向的情况下才促成了将关节的压开,否则的话甚至使基本疾病的疼痛加剧。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于,提供一种设备,通过该设备使被关节炎改变的拇指鞍状关节能够动态地卸载,具有如下优点:关节囊韧带肌肉组织通过不断张紧和放松被要求处于自然运动,并且由此不会疲劳。
附图说明
图1和2示出了所述设备,
图3和4示出了处于使用状态中的设备。
具体实施方式
本发明包括夹板(图1-4),该夹板一方面(5)可松脱地固定在患者的腕关节上,并且另一方面(3)可松脱地固定在患病的手的第一拇指关节的下方。该夹板由加强的热塑性合成材料制成,该加强的热塑性合成材料将腕关节以部分包围(1)的方式准确适配地贴靠在鱼际(7)上并且以左手螺旋开塞起子(
Figure BDA0001214878990000021
Linkswindung)的方式在第一拇指关节下方闭合(2)。
所述夹板在其初始位置中如此构造,使得该夹板接收了处于自然的静止位置中的拇指。
如果此时为了抓住镊子将拇指导向中指,则在第一拇指关节下方被固定的拇指(2)由于其径向运动而将夹板(4)相对于被紧固在腕关节上的保持部(1)进行张紧并且由此将拇指鞍状关节至少从其原先的位置抬起,由此在相互嵌入彼此的关节头之间产生出缝隙,从而这些关节头由于运动不那么强烈而根本不会相互摩擦,这伴随而来的是疼痛的可察觉的减少。
在弯曲第一拇指指节时的效果可用作比较:通过抵着腕关节而作为支座构造的夹板,被包围的拇指关节将拇指鞍状关节最小程度地从关节凹处抬起,并且由此促成了相互叠置的关节骨的压力卸载。
通过已适配的卸载的动态过程,其余的关节囊韧带肌肉组织被持续稳定地要求承受负荷。本发明的其它优点在于:通过小的材料耗费尤其通过较小面积地覆盖皮肤能舒适且无干扰地感受到穿戴感。
在优选的构型中,夹板在拇指鞍状基关节(6)下方添加有压垫。
在其它优选的构型中,夹板由穿孔的合成材料制成。

Claims (7)

1.一种由合成材料制成的假肢,所述假肢具有在解剖学上已适配的夹板(4),其中,在解剖学上已适配的所述夹板(4)以能够松脱地固定的方式安置在腕关节上并且安置在患病的手的拇指鞍状关节的近端,并且该夹板从该夹板的绕着所述腕关节延伸的腕部分延伸和构造成侧向地经过患病的手的鱼际(7)并且沿着拇指延伸、类似于开塞起子螺旋地沿远端方向朝向第一拇指关节引导至第一拇指关节的掌侧闭合,所述夹板(4)在镊子抓取动作时与腕关节共同构成支座并且将拇指鞍状关节从其原先的位置抬起,其中被包围的拇指关节通过抵着腕关节而作为支座构造的所述夹板(4)将拇指鞍状关节从关节凹处提起。
2.如权利要求1所述的假肢,其特征在于,在拇指鞍状关节的近端,一压垫添加到所述夹板(4)中。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的假肢,其特征在于,该假肢能够由穿孔的合成材料构成。
4.如前述权利要求之一所述的假肢,其特征在于,所述夹板(4)由加强的热塑性合成材料构成。
5.如前述权利要求之一所述的假肢,其特征在于,所述夹板(4)将腕关节部分地包围。
6.如前述权利要求之一所述的假肢,其特征在于,所述夹板(4)准确适配地贴靠在鱼际(7)上。
7.如前述权利要求之一所述的假肢,其特征在于,所述夹板(4)接收处于自然的静止位置中的拇指(2)。
CN201580039743.2A 2014-07-22 2015-06-09 对由退化性、发炎性和风湿性的症状引起的拇指鞍状关节疾病的疼痛进行缓和的设备 Active CN107072802B (zh)

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DE202014103362.9U DE202014103362U1 (de) 2014-07-22 2014-07-22 Vorrichtung zur Linderung von Beschwerden einer Daumensattelgelenkserkrankung aus dem degenerativen, entzündlichen und rheumatischen Formenkreis.
PCT/DE2015/100229 WO2016011999A1 (de) 2014-07-22 2015-06-09 Vorrichtung zur linderung der beschwerden einer daumensattelgelenkserkrankung aus dem degenerativen, entzündlichen und rheumatischen formenkreis.

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