CN107068996A - A kind of continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite - Google Patents

A kind of continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107068996A
CN107068996A CN201710108854.5A CN201710108854A CN107068996A CN 107068996 A CN107068996 A CN 107068996A CN 201710108854 A CN201710108854 A CN 201710108854A CN 107068996 A CN107068996 A CN 107068996A
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silicon
carbon
graphite
source
nitrogen
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CN107068996B (en
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陈跃峰
陈怡璇
朱振明
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Shaanxi Six Yuan Carbon Crystal Ltd By Share Ltd
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Shaanxi Six Yuan Carbon Crystal Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • H01M4/364Composites as mixtures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/386Silicon or alloys based on silicon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite, it is related to lithium cell cathode material synthesis field.This method includes:Metallic silicon is uniformly mixed according to a certain percentage with graphite powder;With the flowing of inert protective gas in being put into after well mixed metallic silicon and graphite powder are placed in graphite crucible in continuous high-temperature furnace, complete silicon and be deposited on graphite, form Si-C composite material;The Si-C composite material of formation is heated again, while adding carbon source and nitrogen source, secondary deposition is completed, obtains silicon-carbon nitrogen composite.The present invention prepares the method for Si-C composite material by reasonably utilizing waste heat cost-effective, shortens technological process so that the preparation time of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite shortens, and saves resource and cost.

Description

A kind of continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite
Technical field
Field is synthesized the present invention relates to lithium cell cathode material, a kind of the continuous of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite is more particularly related to Preparation method.
Background technology
Carbon material is the most widely used material of current negative electrode of lithium ion battery, its not only technique for applying technology maturation, is held Amount is higher, but also with excellent cycle performance, higher coulombic efficiency and stable discharge voltage plateau, it is compatible with solvent Property it is good, high and stable operating voltage, preferable high temperature performance and security performance can be provided for lithium battery.The theory of silicon materials Specific capacity is very high, and energy density can be improved up to more than 200% after silicon-carbon is compound, can meet the capacity of portable high power power supply It is required that, the high power needs that hybrid-electric car is proposed to lithium ion battery can be also met, and carbon material can also alleviate silicon and exist The inner tensions that violent Volume Changes are brought in cyclic process cause the phenomenon that electrode pad material efflorescence is caved in.Silicon, carbon pass through After special process composite molding, the absolute volume in charge and discharge process is varied less, with good cycle performance and higher Efficiency for charge-discharge, not only better performances and also relatively stablize.
Current silicon-carbon nitrogen composite is applied widely, but its preparation time is long, and power consumption is big, can waste many times And resource.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite, solves to make in traditional silicon-carbon nitrogen composite The standby time is long, the problem of consuming energy big.
Specifically, in the present invention silicon-carbon nitrogen composite continuous preparation method, comprise the following steps:
Step 1:It is fitted into after silicon source is uniformly mixed with graphite powder in graphite crucible, the mol ratio of the silicon source and graphite powder For 0.1-5:100;
Step 2:Graphite crucible is placed on to the high-temperature region of continuous high-temperature furnace, inertia protection gas is filled with into continuous high-temperature furnace Body, and in-furnace temperature is heated, the mixture in graphite crucible is incubated 30-120min at 2300-2500 DEG C, afterwards by graphite Crucible is moved from high-temperature region to cooling area, while the flow direction for adjusting inert protective gas in stove is flowed from high-temperature region to cooling area Dynamic, using inert protective gas as carrier, the silicon steam reduced by carbon escaped in driving graphite crucible is flowed into from high-temperature region Cooling area, into after cooling area, silicon steam is changed into liquid, be deposited in the form of nano-silicon or silicon nanowire graphite gaps or Graphite surface, forms Si-C composite material;
Step 3:The temperature of cooling area is down to 650-700 DEG C, then carbon source and nitrogen are added in the titration mouthful of continuous high-temperature furnace Cooling area heating is heated to 750-950 DEG C after source, addition carbon source and nitrogen source, 5-30min is incubated, made after carbon source and nitrogen source decomposition Quickly spread and be deposited on the Si-C composite material in crucible, cooling is come out of the stove after the completion of deposition, obtains silicon-carbon nitrogen composite.
It is preferred that, the silicon source selects metallic silicon, silicon monoxide or silica, and the purity of the graphite powder is 3-5N, The granularity of the graphite powder is 325-800 mesh.
It is preferred that, the purity of the metallic silicon is 4-5N, and the particle diameter of the metallic silicon is 2-10 μm.
It is preferred that, inert protective gas selects nitrogen or argon gas.
It is preferred that, in step 3, the carbon source selects kerosene or methanol, and the nitrogen source selects ammoniacal liquor.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite is shortened by reasonably utilizing waste heat cost-effective in the present invention Technological process so that the preparation time of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite shortens, and saves resource and cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The continuous preparation method for the silicon-carbon nitrogen composite that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:It is 4N by purity, particle diameter is 2 μm of metallic silicon and purity is 3N, and granularity is uniform for the graphite powder of 325 mesh It is fitted into after mixing in graphite crucible, the mol ratio of the metallic silicon and graphite powder is 0.1:100;
Step 2:Graphite crucible is placed on to the high-temperature region of continuous high-temperature furnace, nitrogen is filled with into continuous high-temperature furnace, and add Hot in-furnace temperature, makes the mixture in graphite crucible be incubated 30min at 2300 DEG C, afterwards by graphite crucible from high-temperature region to drop Warm area is moved, while the flow direction for adjusting nitrogen in stove is flowed from high-temperature region to cooling area, using nitrogen as carrier, drives graphite The silicon steam escaped in crucible flows into cooling area from high-temperature region, into after cooling area, and silicon steam is changed into liquid, with nanometer The form of silicon or silicon nanowire is deposited on graphite gaps or graphite surface, forms Si-C composite material;
Step 3:The temperature of cooling area is down to 650 DEG C, then kerosene and ammoniacal liquor are added in the titration mouthful of continuous high-temperature furnace, plus Enter cooling area is heated up after kerosene and ammoniacal liquor and be heated to 850 DEG C, be incubated 15min, as the rise of temperature makes kerosene fast decoupled, The gas fast decoupled of regional area so that the pressure rise of regional area, makes the carbon source and nitrogen source after kerosene and ammoniacal liquor decomposition Gas is quickly spread and is deposited on the Si-C composite material in crucible, and cooling is come out of the stove after the completion of deposition, is obtained silicon-carbon nitrogen and is combined Material.
Embodiment 2
The continuous preparation method for the silicon-carbon nitrogen composite that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is provided, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Purity is silicon monoxide that 5N particle diameters are 5 μm and purity is 5N, granularity is uniform for the graphite powder of 800 mesh It is fitted into after mixing in graphite crucible, the mol ratio of the metallic silicon and graphite powder is 2:100;
Step 2:Graphite crucible is placed on to the high-temperature region of continuous high-temperature furnace, argon gas is filled with into continuous high-temperature furnace, and add Hot in-furnace temperature, makes the mixture in graphite crucible be incubated 80min at 2400 DEG C, afterwards by graphite crucible from high-temperature region to Cooling area is moved, while the flow direction for adjusting argon gas in stove is flowed from high-temperature region to cooling area, using argon gas as carrier, drives stone The silicon steam that is formed after silicon monoxide that reduced by carbon escaped in black crucible flows into cooling area from high-temperature region, into cooling Qu Hou, silicon steam is changed into liquid, and graphite gaps or graphite surface are deposited in the form of nano-silicon or silicon nanowire, forms silicon Carbon composite;
Step 3:The temperature of cooling area is down to 680 DEG C, then methanol and ammoniacal liquor are added in the titration mouthful of continuous high-temperature furnace, plus Enter cooling area is heated up after methanol and ammoniacal liquor and be heated to 950 DEG C, 5min is incubated, as the rise of temperature makes methanol and ammoniacal liquor quick Decompose, the gas fast decoupled of regional area so that the pressure rise of regional area makes the carbon source after Methanol Decomposition and nitrogen source gas Body is quickly spread and is deposited on the Si-C composite material in crucible, and cooling is come out of the stove after the completion of deposition, obtains silicon-carbon nitrogen composite wood Material.
Embodiment 3
The continuous preparation method for the silicon-carbon nitrogen composite that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is provided, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Purity is silica that 4N particle diameters are 10 μm and purity is 4N, granularity is equal for the graphite powder of 600 mesh It is fitted into after even mixing in graphite crucible, the mol ratio of the metallic silicon and graphite powder is 5:100;
Step 2:Graphite crucible is placed on to the high-temperature region of continuous high-temperature furnace, argon gas is filled with into continuous high-temperature furnace, and add Hot in-furnace temperature, makes the mixture in graphite crucible be incubated 120min at 2500 DEG C, afterwards by graphite crucible from high-temperature region to Cooling area is moved, while the flow direction for adjusting argon gas in stove is flowed from high-temperature region to cooling area, using argon gas as carrier, drives stone The silicon steam that is formed after silica that reduced by carbon escaped in black crucible flows into cooling area from high-temperature region, into cooling area Afterwards, silicon steam is changed into liquid, and graphite gaps or graphite surface are deposited in the form of nano-silicon or silicon nanowire, forms silicon-carbon Composite;
Step 3:The temperature of cooling area is down to 700 DEG C, then methanol and ammoniacal liquor are added in the titration mouthful of continuous high-temperature furnace, plus Enter cooling area is heated up after methanol and ammoniacal liquor and be heated to 750 DEG C, 30min is incubated, as the rise of temperature makes methanol and ammoniacal liquor fast Speed is decomposed, the gas fast decoupled of regional area so that the pressure rise of regional area, makes the carbon source and nitrogen source after ammoniacal liquor decomposition Gas is quickly spread and is deposited on the Si-C composite material in crucible, and cooling is come out of the stove after the completion of deposition, is obtained silicon-carbon nitrogen and is combined Material.
, but those skilled in the art once know basic wound although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described The property made concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, appended claims are intended to be construed to include Preferred embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1:It is fitted into after silicon source is uniformly mixed with graphite powder in graphite crucible, the mol ratio of the silicon source and graphite powder is 0.1-5:100;
Step 2:Graphite crucible is placed on to the high-temperature region of continuous high-temperature furnace, inert protective gas is filled with into continuous high-temperature furnace, And in-furnace temperature is heated, the mixture in graphite crucible is incubated 30-120min at 2300-2500 DEG C, afterwards by graphite earthenware Crucible is moved from high-temperature region to cooling area, while the flow direction for adjusting inert protective gas in stove is flowed from high-temperature region to cooling area Dynamic, using inert protective gas as carrier, the silicon steam reduced by carbon escaped in driving graphite crucible is flowed into from high-temperature region Cooling area, into after cooling area, silicon steam is changed into liquid, be deposited in the form of nano-silicon or silicon nanowire graphite gaps or Graphite surface, forms Si-C composite material;
Step 3:The temperature of cooling area is down to 650-700 DEG C, then carbon source and nitrogen source are added in the titration mouthful of continuous high-temperature furnace, plus Enter cooling area is heated up after carbon source and nitrogen source and be heated to 750-950 DEG C, be incubated 5-30min, make carbon source and nitrogen source quick after decomposing Spread and be deposited on the Si-C composite material in crucible, cooling is come out of the stove after the completion of deposition, obtains silicon-carbon nitrogen composite.
2. the continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the silicon source is selected Metallic silicon, silicon monoxide or silica, the purity of the graphite powder is 3-5N, and the granularity of the graphite powder is 325-800 mesh.
3. the continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the metallic silicon Purity is 4-5N, and the particle diameter of the metallic silicon is 2-10 μm.
4. the continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, inertia Protective gas selects nitrogen or argon gas.
5. the continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step 3 Carbon source selects kerosene or methanol, and the nitrogen source selects ammoniacal liquor.
CN201710108854.5A 2017-02-27 2017-02-27 A kind of continuous preparation method of silicon-carbon nitrogen composite material Active CN107068996B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108615866A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-02 无锡尼摩新能源科技有限公司 A kind of agraphitic carbon lithium cell cathode material containing nano-silicon
CN109860567A (en) * 2019-02-26 2019-06-07 成都爱敏特新能源技术有限公司 A kind of Copper substrate graphene/silicon/carbon nitrogen combination electrode and preparation method thereof
CN110048092A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-07-23 福建翔丰华新能源材料有限公司 A kind of lithium battery Si-C composite material and preparation method thereof
CN111799449A (en) * 2019-04-05 2020-10-20 Hpk有限公司 Preparation method of composite negative electrode material and composite negative electrode material for lithium secondary battery

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CN105895873A (en) * 2016-04-15 2016-08-24 华南师范大学 Silicon/carbon compound anode material for lithium ion battery as well as preparation method and application thereof
CN106229156A (en) * 2016-08-29 2016-12-14 郝逸展 A kind of preparation method of the two-dimentional silicon-carbon nitrogen nano-material for energy storage

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Cited By (5)

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CN108615866A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-02 无锡尼摩新能源科技有限公司 A kind of agraphitic carbon lithium cell cathode material containing nano-silicon
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CN111799449B (en) * 2019-04-05 2023-08-01 德卡材料有限公司 Preparation method of composite anode material and composite anode material for lithium secondary battery

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