CN107067933B - Measure the experimental provision and experimental method of Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship - Google Patents
Measure the experimental provision and experimental method of Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship Download PDFInfo
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experimental provisions for measuring Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship, including water tank for loading, ship model is placed in the water tank for loading, it is connected between ship model and water tank for loading by partition, water tank for loading is divided into several independent spaces by partition, several T profiles and several weights are equipped on ship model, several foil gauges are also equipped on ship model, foil gauge is connect with charge amplifier, and charge amplifier is successively connect with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument, computer.The present invention can make student understand the basic principle that hull generates the basic cause of peak torque and peak torque is formed, and ship model generates torque in an experiment, and student can be made to have a visual understanding to the torsion problem of container ship and understand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental provisions and experimental method of measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship, belong to teaching experimental
The field of device.
Background technique
Since stepping into 21 century, due to the fast development of economic globalization, the economic and trade contact between countries in the world is also more next
It is more frequent.Along with the continuous expansion of world shipping market, the appearance of container ship is the breakthrough of the revolution of ship type, energy
The lay day for enough greatly shortening cargo improves its operating efficiency.A kind of main ship of the container ship as Marine Cargo
Type, the speed of a ship or plane is high, handling are fast, the landing pier time is short, with its attention of the exclusive advantage increasingly by shipping world and shipbuilding circles,
Container ship possesses quantity and gross tonnage oneself becomes the one of the important signs that of a national marine transportation ability.Container ship
Development is still advanced towards enlargement, more case positions.But with the enlargement of ship, the development of high speed, Ship Structure and its
The external force that may be met with all becomes to become increasingly complex, and structural failure accident happens occasionally, and causes consequence also further serious.For big
For type container ship, since deck in ship structure has large-scale opening, torsional strength problem be can not be ignored.Large Container Ship by
Relatively low in the torsion stiffness of its hull, torsional strength problem has been raised to the status of equal importance with longitudinal strength.?
Under the action of external load, more significant knob transformation shape may occur for container hull, generate in Ship Structure comparable
Warping stress, it is therefore necessary to which torsion calculating is carried out to hull.
External load calculation, Finite Element Numerical Simulation are concentrated mainly on for the research of Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship at present
Or carry out ship model wave load experiment in towing basin.First two is based substantially on theoretical calculation, cannot allow student during giving lessons
Intuitively observation and actual hands-on are carried out, is haveed the defects that for intensification study impression aspect certain；Latter due to
Certain experimental condition is needed to have, the towing basin built in colleges and universities at present is simultaneously few, its experimentation cost is bigger in addition,
It is had some limitations in teaching process, therefore is not suitable for demonstrating student during giving lessons.Due to above objective
Factor only lists the discussion of external force of the Large Container Ship under 45 ° of states of oblique wave in teaching process at present, lacks warp
Ji, intuitive teaching experiment equipment allow student to take action on one's own operation to obtain deep understanding.
Carry out it is a kind of measure Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship experiment device for teaching during giving lessons mainly by following
Three aspect advantages:
(1) develop due to container ship towards enlargement, the opening on deck is increasing, to cause suffered by hull
Torsional deflection become the factor that must be taken into consideration in hull structural strength.Theory is generally based in the teaching of colleges and universities at present
It explains its Force principle and lacks practical operation, so that classmates be made to recognize it not enough.This experimental provision demonstrates torque pair
The harm of van container hull, the attention so as to cause student to torsional strength.
(2) design of this experimental provision can allow student to have one intuitively to recognize the torsional strength of Large Container Ship
Know, and deepen understanding of the teacher in classroom to the theoretical knowledge said, thus the related van container of more deep grasp
The knowledge of ship torsional strength.The practical operative ability for having cultivated student on this basis is conducive to student and is formed during operation
Cooperation awareness.
(3) torque when ship generates torque can be read directly in this experimental provision.This experimental provision ship model according to
Under the premise of similarity theory design and fabrication, the experimental data of this experiment can map to practical ship, for assessing practical ship
The torsional strength of oceangoing ship.For having certain directive significance in engineering.
According to existing research, steaming with the sea on the bow or quarter, hull inclination and the oscillating motion of container ship all can be in various degree
Cause the torsional deflection of hull.Torque caused by torque caused by ship inclination or oscillating motion is usually than caused by steaming with the sea on the bow or quarter
Wave torsional moment is small.Therefore, general not to calculate.Wave torsional moment is the chief component for leading to container ship torsional deflection.
In analysis container ship torsional deflection, cargo torsional moment is also in more important research status.In general, wave torsional moment and goods
The superposition of object torque constitutes the torsional moment that external load acts on container hull.
(1) steaming with the sea on the bow or quarter causes the mechanism of torque
It is had shown that according to existing research, angle [alpha]=45 ° between the navigation direction of hull and wave, wavelength X and captain
The relationship of L is λ=Lcos α, and the torsional deflection acted on hull at this time is maximum.Bow tail is in the position of wave crest (trough),
Fig. 1 is seen in trough (wave crest) in ship.For ship in upright state, the drinking water of two sides of a ship is different.The first half of ship
Larboard absorb water (see Fig. 2) bigger than starboard；It is latter half of, opposite (see Fig. 3).
(2) cargo torsional moment
Cargo torsional moment is since the consumption objects such as container cargo weight cross direction profiles unevenness, ballast unevenness or fuel laterally divide
Caused by cloth unevenness.It is had shown that according to existing research, the cargo torsional moment of container ship is zero at the both ends of hull, in hull
Maximum at middle perseverance section, be in line from both ends into ship distribution.
According to existing the study found that the synthesis of oblique wave torque and cargo load torque is that container hull is caused to be turned round
Change the principal element of shape.Wave torsional moment and cargo torsional moment are close along the distribution of captain, and the synthesis of the two is at captain both ends
Zero, and be gradually increased from both ends into ship, nearby synthesis torque reaches maximum value in ship.Its torque curve figure after synthesizing is such as
Fig. 4.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of measurement Large Container Ship
The experimental provision and experimental method of torsional strength, simulation hull is by extraneous peak torque operating condition, i.e., when navigating by water in oblique wave
The oblique wave torque that one moment was subject to is superimposed with cargo load torque, to keep experiment true, easily observes, has convincingness.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the experimental provision of measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship of the invention, packet
Water tank for loading is included, ship model is placed in the water tank for loading, is connected between ship model and water tank for loading by partition, partition will load
Water tank is divided into several independent spaces, several T profiles and several weights is equipped on ship model, on ship model
Be also equipped with several foil gauges, foil gauge is connect with charge amplifier, charge amplifier successively with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument,
Computer connection.
Preferably, the partition includes diaphragm plate and inclined clapboard, the both ends of the ship model are connected with diaphragm plate, diaphragm plate
It is two by water tank for loading portion, there are four the inclined clapboards, and the two sides of ship model are all provided with there are two inclined clapboard.
Preferably, the wall angle of the inclined clapboard and water tank for loading is 45 °, this step is primarily to simulation ship exists
The relative position of the wave and hull at a certain moment, the opposite installation position of this inclined clapboard and water tank for loading when being navigated by water in 45 ° of oblique waves
Set that be that " the ship with large hatch openings torsion experiment device and operating method that navigate by water in wave " is inner do not form.
Preferably, connect with ship model by flexible rubber film in: the diaphragm plate and inclined clapboard, diaphragm plate and tiltedly every
Plate and water tank for loading pass through glass glue connection.
Preferably, the foil gauge is mounted at the corner of deck opening and at midship section.
A kind of experimental method of the experimental provision of above-mentioned measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship, comprising the following steps:
(1) it injects water into water tank for loading first, so that the water level of 6 water tanks is in same height when filling the water for the first time,
The height of waterline is measured during water filling with graduated scale, and ship model is put into water tank for loading at this time, adjusts ship model
Flexible rubber film is sealed by balance after ship model balance with sealant with the position that ship model is in contact, and is finally strain
The selection of the installation site of piece, foil gauge is placed at the corner of deck opening and at midship section because being here by we here
At whole stress concentration, measurement phenomenon is more obvious.When ship model generates torque, foil gauge will generate electric signal, pass through charge
Amplifier amplifies signal, analyzes to measure torque eventually by multi-channel signal acquiring instrument and computer, therefore according to
Charge amplifier, multi-channel signal acquiring instrument, computer are sequentially connected with；
(2) it after entire experimental provision completes, carries out second and fills the water, water tank for loading is divided into A, B, C, D, E, F six
A part, the waterline height of 4 water tanks of A, C, D, F of left and right side head and the tail will be lower than centre during water filling at this time
The waterline height of two water tanks B, E with this come simulate hull head and the tail in trough, ship in wave crest；Bow position on this basis
The waterline of left side water tank C is higher than the waterline of right side water tank F, and the waterline of the left side water tank A at stern position will be lower than right side water tank D
Waterline, the height of waterline measures during water filling with graduated scale；This step can simulate hull in 45 ° of oblique waves
At a certain moment when navigation, for wave to the active force of hull, it is that hull is subject to most that design principle, which is mainly in view of 45 ° of oblique waves,
Dangerous torque combinations situation, " the ship with large hatch openings torsion test navigated by water in wave applied before with seminar in this regard
Device and operating method " form essential distinction.
(3) according to the loading layout drawing of real ship, its ballast water, fuel oil and other items are changed according to scaling factor before
It calculates, replaces its gravity with weights, place it in the position of ballast water, fuel oil and other items on hull.Select counterweight weight
Code can better model various fuel as hull navigates by water reduction, formed so as to verifying hull fuel for torque
Shared specific gravity, " the ship with large hatch openings torsion experiment device navigated by water in wave and the operation side applied before seminar herein
Method " there is no played effect is formed to torque in view of the fuel on hull.Then, container pair is simulated with T profile
Load in deck, because container is different for the gravity of two side of a ship of hull or so for container ship, lead to here
The varying in weight come the difference for simulating it to deck loads of T profile 4 itself is crossed, T profile is in line along beam direction, altogether
Have 7 rows, herein we be defined as toward larboard close to when weight slowly reduce, container is simulated for the cargo of hull with this
Load.Select herein T profile line up simulate container to the active force on deck relative to application water tank by press rods come
Transmission force is more in line with actual conditions.At the same time, " the ship with large hatch openings torsion reality navigated by water in wave applied before seminar
Experiment device and operating method " in there is no consider deck on cargo load on whole torque generate possessed by influence, at this
Difference on block formation basic theory.The height of water level can be adjusted repeatedly in the entire experiment process to simulate different waves；It is more
The quality of secondary adjustment weights simulates the different work shapes such as the form fuel oil with ship, the reduction of ballast water slowly
Condition, last observation experiment phenomenon, and carry out arrangement experimental data.
In the present invention, T-steel material is different according to the web height of selection when choosing, so the weight of T-steel material
Measure it is not of uniform size, to simulate on deck container for the difference of two side of a ship pressure of hull or so.The main function of partition be by
Glass-loaded water tank is divided into several independent small water tanks, thereby may be ensured that the water of the injection inequality in each water tank.Every
Plate is composed of two parts, is connected with flexible rubber film with hull then close to the position of hull in separate hull
Glass plate is connect by position glass cement with water tank for loading.
In the present invention, the ship model in experiment is made by flexible polyurethane foam, can guarantee to test ship model in this way
So that it is kept equilibrium state when not generating torque with certain rigidity, can deform when by torque, disappears in torque
It remains to return to original state after mistake.In the production process, entire ship model will be carried out according to real ship according to certain scaling factor ship model
It builds.Glass-loaded water tank its overall dimensions during production are greater than ship model.For weights selection when to choose
The counterweight of weight change very little is selected, to guarantee slowly to change the amount of being slightly variable of load during counterweight, makes student for load
Influence to container torsional strength has deep understanding.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
(1) this experimental provision is a kind of device for measuring Large Container Ship torque.As the experimental provision in teaching, lead to
The difference of the volume of water in A, B, C, D, E, F six independent inclined water tank for loading is crossed, simulates hull by 45 ° of oblique waves
The maximum twist torque at one moment is easily observed to keep experiment true, has convincingness.
(2) numerical computation method and software of the existing torsional strength in relation to Large Container Ship are based only on theory,
Understand that comparison of getting up is abstract.And this experimental provision can be such that the basic cause of student's understanding hull generation torque and torque is formed
Basic principle, ship model generates peak torque in an experiment, and student can be made to have one intuitively to recognize the torsion problem of container ship
Know and understands.
(3) ship model is that certain deformation can occur after ship model is by external force made of special material, such
Visual effect, allows student's is with deep impression in teaching process.
(4) this experimental model has fully considered that cargo load is the important composition portion in container ship torque forming process
Point, make test result that more there is convincingness by reasonably equivalent, this point " is navigated by water with what is applied before seminar in wave
Ship with large hatch openings torsion experiment device and operating method " formed essential distinction.
(5) measuring instrument of ship model measures the torque that ship model is subject to, and can be used to illustrate that ship model is because being turned round in this way
Square acts on and the deformation of generation.
(6) under the premise of the ship model of this experimental provision is according to similarity theory design and fabrication, the experiment number of this experiment
According to practical ship can be mapped to, for assessing the torsional strength of practical Large Container Ship.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the position that bow tail is in wave crest (trough), and the schematic diagram of trough (wave crest) is in ship.
Fig. 2 is that the larboard of the first half of ship absorbs water the schematic diagram bigger than starboard.
Fig. 3 is that the latter half of larboard of ship absorbs water the schematic diagram smaller than starboard.
Fig. 4 is the torque curve figure after the synthesis of oblique wave torque and cargo load torque.
Fig. 5 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the top view of water tank for loading of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the G-G cross-sectional view of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the H-H section view of Fig. 6.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, the experimental provision of measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship of the invention, including load water
Case 1 is placed with ship model 3 in the water tank for loading 1, is connected between ship model 3 and water tank for loading 1 by partition 2, and the partition 2 wraps
Containing diaphragm plate and inclined clapboard, the both ends of the ship model 3 are connected with diaphragm plate, and 1 portion of water tank for loading is two by diaphragm plate, described oblique
There are four partitions, and the two sides of ship model 3 are all provided with there are two inclined clapboard, and water tank for loading 1 is divided into 6 independent water tank lists by partition 2
The wall angle of member, the inclined clapboard and water tank for loading 1 is 45 °, and it is thin that the diaphragm plate and inclined clapboard and ship model 3 pass through flexible rubber
By glass glue connection, water tank for loading 1 is divided into six independences by partition 2 for film connection, diaphragm plate and inclined clapboard and water tank for loading 1
Space, several T profiles 4 and several weights 5 are installed on ship model 3, several is also equipped on ship model and answers
Become piece 6, the foil gauge 6 is mounted at the corner of deck opening and at midship section, and foil gauge 6 and charge amplifier 7 connect
It connects, charge amplifier 7 is successively connect with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument 8, computer 9.
A kind of experimental method of the experimental provision of above-mentioned measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship, comprising the following steps:
(1) it injects water into water tank for loading first, so that the water level of 6 water tanks is in same height when filling the water for the first time,
The height of waterline is measured during water filling with graduated scale, and ship model 3 is put into water tank for loading 1 at this time, adjusts ship model 3
Balance, after ship model 3 balance after, the position that flexible rubber film is in contact with ship model 3 is sealed with sealant, is finally
The selection of the installation site of foil gauge 6, here we foil gauge 6 is placed at the corner of deck opening and at midship section because
It here is at whole stress concentration, measurement phenomenon is more obvious.When ship model 3 generates torque, foil gauge 6 will generate electric signal,
Signal is amplified by charge amplifier 7, analyzes to measure torsion eventually by multi-channel signal acquiring instrument and computer 9
Square, therefore according to charge amplifier 7, multi-channel signal acquiring instrument, computer 9 are sequentially connected with；
(2) it after entire experimental provision completes, carries out second and fills the water, water tank for loading 1 is divided for A, B, C, D, E, F six
A part, the waterline height of 4 water tanks of A, C, D, F of left and right side head and the tail will be lower than centre during water filling at this time
The waterline height of two water tanks B, E with this come simulate hull head and the tail in trough, ship in wave crest；Bow position on this basis
The waterline of left side water tank C is higher than the waterline of right side water tank F, and the waterline of the left side water tank A at stern position will be lower than right side water tank D
Waterline, the height of waterline measures during water filling with graduated scale；
(3) according to the loading layout drawing of real ship, its ballast water, fuel oil and other items are changed according to scaling factor before
It calculates, replaces its gravity with weights 5, place it in the position of ballast water, fuel oil and other items on hull and then use T-type
Material 4 simulates container for the load on deck, because of weight of the container for two side of a ship of hull or so for container ship
Power is different, varying in weight come the difference for simulating it to deck loads by T profile 4 itself here, and T profile 4 is along ship
Wide direction is in line, one shares 7 rows, herein we be defined as toward larboard close to when weight slowly reduce, simulated with this
Container can adjust the height of water level repeatedly in the entire experiment process for the cargo load of hull to simulate different waves
Wave；Adjust the quality of weights 5 repeatedly to simulate the different works such as the form fuel oil with ship, the reduction of ballast water slowly
Make situation, last observation experiment phenomenon, and carries out arrangement experimental data.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of experimental provision for measuring Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship, it is characterised in that: including water tank for loading, the load
It is placed with ship model in water tank, is connected between ship model and water tank for loading by partition, water tank for loading is divided into several solely by partition
Vertical space, is equipped with several T profiles and several weights on ship model, several strains are also equipped on ship model
Piece, foil gauge are connect with charge amplifier, and charge amplifier is successively connect with multi-channel information Acquisition Instrument, computer；It is described every
Plate includes diaphragm plate and inclined clapboard, and the both ends of the ship model are connected with diaphragm plate, and water tank for loading portion is two by diaphragm plate, described
There are four inclined clapboards, and the two sides of ship model are all provided with there are two inclined clapboard；
The experimental method of above-mentioned experimental provision the following steps are included:
(1) at corner and midship section install foil gauge, inject water into water tank for loading, ship model be put into water tank for loading at this time
It is interior, the balance of ship model is adjusted, after ship model balance, is carried out flexible rubber film with the position that ship model is in contact with sealant close
Envelope；
(2) it after entire experimental provision completes, carries out second and fills the water, water tank for loading is divided into six portions A, B, C, D, E, F
Point, the waterline height of 4 water tanks of A, C, D, F of left and right side head and the tail will be lower than two intermediate during water filling at this time
The waterline height of water tank B, E simulate hull head and the tail in trough, ship in wave crest with this, on this basis the left side at bow position
The waterline of water tank C is higher than the waterline of right side water tank F, and the waterline of the left side water tank A at stern position will be lower than the water of right side water tank D
The height of line, waterline is measured during water filling with graduated scale；
(3) it is replaced by its ballast water, fuel oil by weight of scaling factor carries out with weights according to the loading layout drawing of real ship
Its gravity places it in the position of ballast water, fuel oil on hull, then, simulates container for deck with T profile
Load, T profile are in line along beam direction, and repeatedly the height of adjustment water level is different to simulate in the entire experiment process
Wave adjusts the quality of weights repeatedly to simulate the form fuel oil with ship, ballast water variation operating condition, and finally observation is real
Phenomenon is tested, and carries out arrangement experimental data.
2. the experimental provision of measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described oblique
The wall angle of partition and water tank for loading is 45 °.
3. the experimental provision of measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cross
Partition and inclined clapboard are connect with ship model by flexible rubber film, and diaphragm plate and inclined clapboard and water tank for loading pass through glass glue connection
It connects.
4. the experimental provision of measurement Torsional Strength in Large Container Ship according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described to answer
Become piece to be mounted at the corner of deck opening and at midship section.
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| CN110579335B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-08-24 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | ABS ship model wave load measuring beam and measuring method for ultra-large container ship |
| CN112214839B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-10-14 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Ship shafting bearing dynamics analysis modeling method and analysis model |
| CN113836644B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2024-05-31 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Practical application-oriented container ship hydrostatic torque design value solving method |
| CN115035780B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏科技大学 | Ship model for water elasticity data verification analysis |
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| CN203652066U (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Multifunctional ship model experimental measurement device |
| CN105185219A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏科技大学 | Experimental device of torsion of big-opening ships sailing in waves and operation method |
| CN105355132A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Torsion experiment device for large-opening ship unbalanced in cargo loading and simulation method |
| CN106428414A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏科技大学 | Ship model pitching, heaving and coupling motion remote test system and test method |
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| CN203652066U (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Multifunctional ship model experimental measurement device |
| CN105185219A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2015-12-23 | 江苏科技大学 | Experimental device of torsion of big-opening ships sailing in waves and operation method |
| CN105355132A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-24 | 江苏科技大学 | Torsion experiment device for large-opening ship unbalanced in cargo loading and simulation method |
| CN106428414A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏科技大学 | Ship model pitching, heaving and coupling motion remote test system and test method |
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