CN107065049A - The display prism and optical system of a kind of big angle of visual field augmented reality - Google Patents
The display prism and optical system of a kind of big angle of visual field augmented reality Download PDFInfo
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- CN107065049A CN107065049A CN201710327719.XA CN201710327719A CN107065049A CN 107065049 A CN107065049 A CN 107065049A CN 201710327719 A CN201710327719 A CN 201710327719A CN 107065049 A CN107065049 A CN 107065049A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/04—Prisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality and optical system, display prism has three optics working faces, is respectively：For the first optics working face of plane；For aspherical or free form surface the second optics working face；There is micro-structural on the 3rd optics working face being parallel to each other with the first optics working face, the optics working face and semi-transparent semi-reflecting film is coated with；The image light for characterizing virtual information is transmitted into display prism from the first optics working face, the first optics working face is arrived again at after the second optics work surface and total reflection condition is met, the light of total reflection is incided on the 3rd optics working face with micro-structural, and human eye is transmitted through from the first optics working face again after reflection；External environment condition light is transmitted into display prism from the 3rd optics working face, and human eye is transmitted through through the first optics working face.The display prism structure of the present invention is simple, can increase the angle of visual field of optical system, and need not increase compensating prism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to augmented reality display technology field, more particularly to a kind of display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality
And optical system.
Background technology
Augmented reality (AR) is a kind of Display Technique for real world that virtual information is added to, and be can be widely applied to
The fields such as military, medical treatment, education, manufacture, amusement.With the arrival in the augmented reality first year, augmented reality glasses are increasingly bigger
Well known, product also gradually spreads toward consumer market.
It is used as head-mounted system, it is contemplated that, it is necessary to constrain the size and weight of its structure the problems such as wearer comfort, this
It also limit the optical parametrics such as the angle of visual field, the emergent pupil of such eyepiece system simultaneously.Augmented reality glasses in the market are all deposited
The problems such as the angle of visual field is small, emergent pupil is not enough, this can cause Consumer's Experience to lack feeling of immersion.
Microsoft has issued a augmented reality glasses Hololens shown based on holographical wave guide in January, 2015.It is holographic
The function of effect, not lens imaging of the waveguide due to functioning only as light transmission, thus the angle of visual field can not accomplish very big.
The Hololens angle of visual field also has very big room for promotion at 30 degree or so.
The application of freeform optics surface prism can effectively improve augmented reality and show the parameters such as the angle of visual field and emergent pupil of system.
Publication No. CN101359089B Chinese patent literature discloses a kind of free curved surface prism helmet display optical system, bag
A free curved surface prism and a miniature image display with three optical surfaces is included, from observer side to image source side
To free curved surface prism is followed successively by first surface, second surface and the 3rd surface, and first surface is the transmission plane of concave；
Second surface is the reflecting surface of concave, plays enlarged drawing, outside is coated with reflective coating；3rd surface is concave shape
The transmission plane of shape, the actual light path of the optical system is the light that liquid crystal micro display device is sent, and first passes through the 3rd surface saturating
Inject into free curved surface prism, then on the inside of the first surface on be totally reflected, reflect, finally pass through again by second surface
Cross first surface and be transmitted through human eye.The diagonal linear field of the free curved surface prism can reach 50 degree, exit pupil diameter 8mm；But in order to
Run-off the straight and deformation when seeing extraneous field landscape, it is necessary to glued block compensation prism compensates the skew and inclination of light,
Add the complexity of processing technology.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides the display prism and optical system of a kind of big angle of visual field augmented reality, and display prism structure is simple,
It is easy to process, applied to the angle of visual field of optical system in augmented reality optical system, can be increased, and compensation need not be increased
Prism.
A kind of display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality, with three optics working faces, be respectively：
First optics working face, it is plane；
Second optics working face, is aspherical or free form surface；
3rd optics working face, is parallel to each other with the first described optics working face, has micro- knot on the optics working face
Structure and it is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film；
The image light for characterizing virtual information is transmitted into display prism from the first optics working face, by the second optics work
Make to arrive again at the first optics working face after the reflection of face and meet total reflection condition, the light being totally reflected through the first optics working face
Incide on the 3rd optics working face with micro-structural, human eye is transmitted through from the first optics working face again after reflection；
External environment condition light is transmitted into display prism from the 3rd optics working face, and people is transmitted through through the first optics working face
Eye.
The present invention shows that the first optics working face of prism is plane, characterizes the image light of virtual information from the first optics
Working face enters the effect for showing and not converging or dissipate during prism；Image light is by the second optics work surface, the
Human eye is transmitted through from the first optics working face after the total reflection of one optics working face, the 3rd optics work surface, forms virtual existing
Real light path；Real light is transmitted into display prism from the 3rd optics working face, and human eye, shape are transmitted through through the first optics working face
Into real light path；Virtual reality light path and real light path are superimposed to form augmented reality effect.
The present invention shows that described the second optics working face of prism is met with following shape equation, and (x, y, z) is used in equation
Represent the position coordinate value put on surface：
J=[(m+n)2+m+3n]/2+1
Wherein c is the curvature of curved surface apex, and k is the quadratic surface constant of curved surface, CjIt is the j level numbers of curved surface.
The 3rd described optics working face is provided with micro-structural, and main focal power is provided for optical system, further increases
The angle of visual field of big optical system.
Preferably, described micro-structural is Fresnel texture structure or hololens structure.
Micro-structural on the 3rd described optics working face is met with following shape equation, and table is represented with (x, y, z) in equation
The position coordinate value put on face：
Wherein c is the curvature of curved surface apex, and k is the quadratic surface constant of curved surface, AiIt is the aspherical system of i ranks of curved surface
Number, Δ h represents structure rise.
It is further preferred that described micro-structural is Fresnel texture structure, plating half in the groove of Fresnel texture structure
Filled and led up after saturating half anti-film with display Refractive Index of Glass Prism identical material.
The present invention shows that the 3rd optics working face and the first optics working face of prism are parallel to each other, the 3rd optics working face
" groove " of surface micro-structure can be filled and led up with display Refractive Index of Glass Prism identical material, and so real light is by showing prism
Shi Buhui run-off the straights or deformation, therefore, need not additionally increase when the display prism is applied in augmented reality optical system
Plus compensating prism；Second optics working face is aspherical or free form surface, it is possible to increase the angle of visual field of display prism；3rd optics work
Make the micro-structural purpose that face is provided with and lie also in the angle of visual field that increase shows prism.
The invention also discloses a kind of optical system of big angle of visual field augmented reality, including：
Image source, the image light of virtual information is characterized for producing；
Optical projection system, at least including two spheres or aspherical lens；
Prism is shown, is display prism as described above；
Described image light is transmitted into display prism after optical projection system is reflected from the first optics working face, passes through
The first optics working face is arrived again at after second optics work surface and total reflection condition is met, it is complete through the first optics working face
The light of reflection is incided on the 3rd optics working face with micro-structural, and people is transmitted through from the first optics working face again after reflection
Eye；
External environment condition light is transmitted into display prism from the 3rd optics working face, and people is transmitted through through the first optics working face
Eye.
In the optical system, the first optics working face of display prism is both transmission plane and reflecting surface, is characterized virtual
The image light of information is totally reflected when passing through the first optics working face for the first time after the second optics work surface, and second
Transmitted during the first optics working face of secondary process, the image light for characterizing virtual information occurs entirely on the first optics working face
Met respectively when reflection and transmission：
Wherein, θ1Incidence angle when being totally reflected for image light on the first optics working face；θ2It is image light
Incidence angle when being transmitted on one optics working face；N is the refractive index of display prism material.
When being totally reflected, the incident angle of image light is greater than critical angle, and otherwise image light can be directed through
One optics working face, it could even be possible to causing veiling glare into human eye, also results in the loss of image light energy, causes image bright
Degree reduction.
Preferably, the material of the display prism is more than 1 transparent optical material for refractive index.Show the refraction of prism
Rate is bigger, and the requirement to the incidence angle of image light is smaller, can simplify design.
Optical projection system is combined by sphere or aspherical lens and constituted, in order to ensure the display effect of whole system and wear
Comfortableness, optical projection system can with it is coaxial can also be off-axis.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) present invention shows that the first optics working face and the 3rd optics working face of prism are parallel to each other placements so that outside
Portion's ambient light is nearly free from aberration through when showing that prism reaches human eye, and it is aobvious that the display prism of the present invention is applied into enhancing
When showing in optical system, it is not necessary to additionally increase compensating prism, it is easy to production and processing and later stage to debug；
(2) by the second optics working face and the 3rd optics working face synergy, light path is changed, visual field is increased
Angle；And the micro-structural on the 3rd optics working face further changes light path, further increases the angle of visual field；The present invention's is aobvious
The diagonal field of view for showing prism is 70 degree or so, and can intactly be added to the virtual information of equal proportion real scene, improves and uses
The feeling of immersion at family；
(3) display prism emergent pupil of the invention is big, can reach 10mm, may provide the user with sufficiently large eye and moves scope.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 characterizes the light path of the image light of virtual information for the optical system of the big angle of visual field augmented reality of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the index path of the external environment condition light of the optical system of the big angle of visual field augmented reality of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing：1st, micro-display；2nd, the first optical projection system eyeglass；3rd, the second optical projection system eyeglass；4th, the first optics work
Make face；5th, the second optics working face；6th, the 3rd optics working face；7th, position of human eye.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Coordinate system in the embodiment of the present invention is defined as：Level is Z-direction to the right, and vertical z-axis is Y direction upwards,
Vertical Y OZ planes paper is the right-handed coordinate system of X-direction inwards, and the origin of coordinates is located at position of human eye center.
As shown in figure 1, the augmented reality optical system of the present embodiment includes：Micro-display 1, the first optical projection system eyeglass 2,
Second optical projection system eyeglass 3, display prism.Showing prism has three optics working faces, respectively the first optics working face 4,
Second optics working face 5, the 3rd optics working face 6.
As shown in figure 1, the image light for the sign virtual information that micro-display 1 is sent is through the He of the first optical projection system eyeglass 2
After the refraction of second optical projection system eyeglass 3, display prism, refracted light warp are transmitted into by the first optics of display prism working face 4
Cross and arrive again at the first optics working face 4 after the reflection of the second optics working face 5 and meet total reflection condition, total reflection light is incident
Onto the 3rd optics working face 6 with micro-structural and semi-transparent semi-reflecting film, people is transmitted through from the first optics working face 4 again after reflection
Eye 7；As shown in Fig. 2 external environment condition light is transmitted into display prism from the 3rd optics working face 6, through the first optics working face 4
It is transmitted through human eye.
First optics working face is both transmission plane and reflecting surface, characterizes the image light of virtual information by the second optics work
Make to be totally reflected when passing through the first optics working face after the reflection of face for the first time, occur when for the second time by the first optics working face
Transmission, image light occurs to be totally reflected on the first optics working face and met respectively when transmiting：
Wherein, θ1Incidence angle when being totally reflected for image light on the first optics working face；θ2It is image light
Incidence angle when being transmitted on one optics working face；N is the refractive index of display prism material.
Micro-structural on 3rd optics working face 6 is plating half in Fresnel texture structure, the groove of Fresnel texture structure
Filled and led up after saturating half anti-film with the material of identical refractive index.
The face type data of first optical projection system eyeglass 2, the second optical projection system eyeglass 3 and display prism are as shown in table 1.
Table 1 shows prism and optical projection system face type data (R=1/c)
The optical system of the present embodiment has following optical characteristics：The exit pupil diameter of the optical system is 10mm, can be given
User provides sufficiently large eye and moves scope；Diagonal field of view is 67 degree, and the virtual information of equal proportion intactly can be added to very
Real field scape, improves the feeling of immersion of user.
Technical scheme and beneficial effect are described in detail embodiment described above, it should be understood that
The specific embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all to be done in the spirit of the present invention
Any modification, supplement and equivalent substitution etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality, it is characterised in that with three optics working faces, is respectively：
First optics working face, it is plane；
Second optics working face, is aspherical or free form surface；
3rd optics working face, is parallel to each other with the first described optics working face, on the optics working face have micro-structural and
It is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film；
The image light for characterizing virtual information is transmitted into display prism from the first optics working face, by the second optics working face
The first optics working face is arrived again at after reflection and total reflection condition is met, the light being totally reflected through the first optics working face is incident
Onto the 3rd optics working face with micro-structural, human eye is transmitted through from the first optics working face again after reflection；
External environment condition light is transmitted into display prism from the 3rd optics working face, and human eye is transmitted through through the first optics working face.
2. the display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the second described optics
Working face is met with following shape equation, and the position coordinate value put on surface is represented with (x, y, z) in equation：
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J=[(m+n)2+m+3n]/2+1
Wherein c is the curvature of curved surface apex, and k is the quadratic surface constant of curved surface, CjIt is the j level numbers of curved surface.
3. the display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described micro-structural is
Fresnel texture structure or hololens structure.
4. the display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the 3rd described optics
Micro-structural on working face is met with following shape equation, and the position coordinate value put on surface is represented with (x, y, z) in equation：
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Wherein c is the curvature of curved surface apex, and k is the quadratic surface constant of curved surface, AiIt is the i rank asphericity coefficients of curved surface, Δ h
Represent structure rise.
5. the display prism of big angle of visual field augmented reality according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described micro-structural is
With with showing Refractive Index of Glass Prism identical material after the semi-transparent semi-reflecting film of plating in Fresnel texture structure, the groove of Fresnel texture structure
Material is filled and led up.
6. a kind of optical system of big angle of visual field augmented reality, it is characterised in that including：
Image source, the image light of virtual information is characterized for producing；
Optical projection system, at least including two spheres or aspherical lens；
Prism is shown, is the display prism as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5；
Described image light is transmitted into display prism after optical projection system is reflected from the first optics working face, by second
The first optics working face is arrived again at after optics work surface and total reflection condition is met, is totally reflected through the first optics working face
Light incide on the 3rd optics working face with micro-structural, be transmitted through human eye from the first optics working face again after reflection；
External environment condition light is transmitted into display prism from the 3rd optics working face, and human eye is transmitted through through the first optics working face.
7. the optical system of big angle of visual field augmented reality according to claim 6, it is characterised in that characterize virtual information
Image light occurs to be totally reflected on the first optics working face and met respectively when transmiting：
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Wherein, θ1To characterize incidence angle when the image light of virtual information is totally reflected on the first optics working face；θ2For table
The incidence angle when image light for levying virtual information is transmitted on the first optics working face；N is the refraction of display prism material
Rate.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108089254A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-29 | 上海渺视光学科技有限公司 | Augmented reality planar waveguide optical device with micro-structure |
| CN108089255A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-29 | 上海渺视光学科技有限公司 | Curved surface augmented reality planar waveguide optical device with micro-structure |
| CN109597201A (en) * | 2017-10-03 | 2019-04-09 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | Fresnel component for the light-redirecting in eyes tracking system |
| CN110045503A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-23 | 北京蚁视科技有限公司 | A kind of nearly eye display device of the big field angle of compact based on total reflection |
| CN110187506A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Optical presentation system and augmented reality equipment |
| CN110231714A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-13 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | A method of enhancing AR glasses optical waveguide light intensity uniformity |
| WO2022142602A1 (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-07 | 上海慧希电子科技有限公司 | Optical device and system, and optical apparatus |
| US11579451B1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2023-02-14 | Mela Platforms Technologies, LLC | Prism based light redirection system for eye tracking systems |
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