CN107064439A - 黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法 - Google Patents

黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法 Download PDF

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CN107064439A
CN107064439A CN201710042539.7A CN201710042539A CN107064439A CN 107064439 A CN107064439 A CN 107064439A CN 201710042539 A CN201710042539 A CN 201710042539A CN 107064439 A CN107064439 A CN 107064439A
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李建明
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法,该评价方法如下:选定评价批次;选取抽样样品;选定评价目标和技术指标评价因子;计算和测定特征技术指标中评价因子的评价指数:折光指数为1.4500~1.4900、相对密度为0.8900~0.9300、碘值为100~140 mg/g、皂化值为160~200 mg/g、不皂化物为≤15 g/kg;当评价因子全部符合则说明该批次的黄芥子油质量合格,如有一项不合格,则该批次的黄芥子油不合格。本发明避免了传统黄芥子油在评审中存在的技术指标评审方法不全面、评价指数不科学的问题。

Description

黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法
技术领域
本发明属于食用油技术领域,具体涉及一种黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法。
背景技术
食油在人体生理上占有很重要的地位,它能供给人体热量及必需的脂肪酸,以维持体温。在冬季或在寒冷地区工作及冷冻仓库工作的人,由于温度低,体热散失大,且多吃点油;重体力劳动者,热量消耗大,或患胃酸过多的病人都应该多吃油,因此油能控制体内热量的消耗和抑制胃酸的分泌。
黄芥是一种广泛分布于陕北黄土高原及内蒙、山西、青海、甘肃等高原地区的重要油料作物,黄芥适于早晚温差较大地生长,具有耐寒、耐高温、耐旱以及耐贫瘠等优良特性,其开黄花,花色及形状似油菜,但花色较油菜浅,株较油菜大,叶子较油菜大。油菜花期为一月,且四月份开花,而黄芥花期为两月,七八月份开花。籽粒棕黄。药用价值《本草纲目》:黄芥性辛温;宣肺豁痰,温中利气。治寒饮内盛,咳嗽痰滞,胸膈满闷。黄芥油 主治大便燥结,肠梗阻;可用作对烫伤和疮疡的治疗。润燥,缓下,滋补,护肤。目前,在黄芥子榨油过程中都会添加一些食品添加剂,导致榨出的黄芥子油在压榨过程中肯定会残留一定量的化学成分,而且有些制油工艺在压榨过程中的压力至少需要达到30吨以上,这导致在压榨过程中中心温度至少在200度以上,这些都会对油的口感和油的成分造成一定的改变。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法。本发明避免了传统黄芥子油在评审中存在的技术指标评审方法不全面、评价指数不科学的问题。
本发明采用的技术方案:黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法,该评价方法如下:
(1)、选定评价批次:以同一批投料、同一条生产线、同一班次生产的同一品种、同一规格、同一生产日期和批号的产品为一批;
(2)、选取抽样样品:从同一规格、同一批次产品中,随机抽取3个抽检样品,其中每个抽检样品不少于3升;
(3)、选定评价目标和技术指标评价因子:以黄芥子油的的特征指标和质量指标为评价目标,以折光指标、相对密度、碘值、皂化值、不皂化物、脂肪酸成分作为黄芥子油特征技术指标的评价因子;以色泽、气味及滋味、透明度、水分及挥发物、不溶性杂质、酸值、过氧化值、加热试验、溶剂残留量、铅、总砷、黄曲霉毒素、苯并芘作为黄芥子油质量技术指标的评价因子;
(4)计算和测定特征技术指标中评价因子的评价指数:折光指数(n40)为1.4500~1.4900、相对密度(d)为0.8900~0.9300、碘值为100~140 mg/g、皂化值(以koh计)为160~200 mg/g、不皂化物为≤15 g/kg;通过气相色谱法测定脂肪酸中棕榈酸C16:0为2.0~5.0、棕榈-烯酸C16:1为0.05~2.0、硬脂酸C18:0为0.5~5.0、油酸C18:1为18.0~28.0、亚油酸C18:2为15.0~28.0、亚麻酸C18:3为8.0~18.0、花生酸C20:0为0.05~2.0、花生一烯酸C22:0为10.0~15.0、山嵛酸C22:0为0.05~2.0、芥酸C22:1为15.0~28.0;
(5)计算和测定质量技术指标中评价因子的评价指数:色泽(罗维朋比色槽25.4mm)黄≤35.0和红≤6.0、气味及滋味为色泽金黄、香味醇厚、油质浓稠;透明度为澄清和透明、水分及挥发物≤0.1%、不溶性杂质≤0.05%、酸值(以KOH计)≤1 mg/g、过氧化值≤0.25%;溶剂残留量n为0 mg/kg、铅(以pb计)≤0.05 mg/kg、总砷(以AS计)≤0.05 mg/kg、黄曲毒素B1≤10μg/kg、苯并芘≤10μg/kg。
进一步地,在步骤(5)中将黄芥子油在280℃下进行加热试验,油质中有微量析出物,罗维朋值;黄色值不变,红色值增加小于2.0,蓝色值增加小于0.5。
本发明与现有技术相比其有益效果是:本发明的评价方法科学、合理、符合国家相关标准,可为黄芥子油的其它评测提供重要的参考依据。
具体实施方式
黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法,该评价方法如下:(1)、选定评价批次:以同一批投料、同一条生产线、同一班次生产的同一品种、同一规格、同一生产日期和批号的产品为一批;(2)、选取抽样样品:从同一规格、同一批次产品中,随机抽取2个抽检样品,每个抽检样品均不少于3升,其中,一份用于检测,另一份留校备检;(3)、选定评价目标和技术指标评价因子:以黄芥子油的的特征指标和质量指标为评价目标,以折光指标、相对密度、碘值、皂化值、不皂化物、脂肪酸成分作为黄芥子油特征技术指标的评价因子;以色泽、气味及滋味、透明度、水分及挥发物、不溶性杂质、酸值、过氧化值、加热试验、溶剂残留量、铅、总砷、黄曲霉毒素、苯并芘作为黄芥子油质量技术指标的评价因子;(4)计算和测定特征技术指标中评价因子的评价指数:折光指数(n40)为1.4500~1.4900、相对密度(d)为0.8900~0.9300、碘值为100~140 mg/g、皂化值(以koh计)为160~200 mg/g、不皂化物为≤15 g/kg;通过气相色谱法测定脂肪酸中棕榈酸C16:0为2.0~5.0、棕榈-烯酸C16:1为0.05~2.0、硬脂酸C18:0为0.5~5.0、油酸C18:1为18.0~28.0、亚油酸C18:2为15.0~28.0、亚麻酸C18:3为8.0~18.0、花生酸C20:0为0.05~2.0、花生一烯酸C22:0为10.0~15.0、山嵛酸C22:0为0.05~2.0、芥酸C22:1为15.0~28.0;(5)计算和测定质量技术指标中评价因子的评价指数:色泽(罗维朋比色槽25.4mm)黄≤35.0和红≤6.0、气味及滋味为色泽金黄、香味醇厚、油质浓稠;透明度为澄清和透明、水分及挥发物≤0.1%、不溶性杂质≤0.05%、酸值(以KOH计)≤1 mg/g、过氧化值≤0.25%;溶剂残留量n为0 mg/kg、铅(以pb计)≤0.05 mg/kg、总砷(以AS计)≤0.05 mg/kg、黄曲毒素B1≤10μg/kg、苯并(a)芘≤10μg/kg;(6)当步骤(3)中的评价因子全部符合步骤(4)和步骤(5)中的评价指数,则说明该批次的黄芥子油质量合格,如有一项不合格,则使用备检样品对不合格项进行复检,复检还不符合评价指数的,则该批次的黄芥子油不合格。
在步骤(5)中将黄芥子油在280℃下进行加热试验,油质中有微量析出物,罗维朋值;黄色值不变,红色值增加小于2.0,蓝色值增加小于0.5。

Claims (2)

1.黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法,其特征在于该评价方法如下:
(1)、选定评价批次:以同一批投料、同一条生产线、同一班次生产的同一品种、同一规格、同一生产日期和批号的产品为一批;
(2)、选取抽样样品:从同一规格、同一批次产品中,随机抽取2个抽检样品,每个抽检样品均不少于3升,其中,一份用于检测,另一份留校备检;
(3)、选定评价目标和技术指标评价因子:以黄芥子油的的特征指标和质量指标为评价目标,以折光指标、相对密度、碘值、皂化值、不皂化物、脂肪酸成分作为黄芥子油特征技术指标的评价因子;以色泽、气味及滋味、透明度、水分及挥发物、不溶性杂质、酸值、过氧化值、加热试验、溶剂残留量、铅、总砷、黄曲霉毒素、苯并芘作为黄芥子油质量技术指标的评价因子;
(4)计算和测定特征技术指标中评价因子的评价指数:折光指数(n40)为1.4500~1.4900、相对密度(d)为0.8900~0.9300、碘值为100~140 mg/g、皂化值(以koh计)为160~200 mg/g、不皂化物为≤15 g/kg;通过气相色谱法测定脂肪酸中棕榈酸C16:0为2.0~5.0、棕榈-烯酸C16:1为0.05~2.0、硬脂酸C18:0为0.5~5.0、油酸C18:1为18.0~28.0、亚油酸C18:2为15.0~28.0、亚麻酸C18:3为8.0~18.0、花生酸C20:0为0.05~2.0、花生一烯酸C22:0为10.0~15.0、山嵛酸C22:0为0.05~2.0、芥酸C22:1为15.0~28.0;
(5)计算和测定质量技术指标中评价因子的评价指数:色泽(罗维朋比色槽25.4mm)黄≤35.0和红≤6.0、气味及滋味为色泽金黄、香味醇厚、油质浓稠;透明度为澄清和透明、水分及挥发物≤0.1%、不溶性杂质≤0.05%、酸值(以KOH计)≤1 mg/g、过氧化值≤0.25%;溶剂残留量n为0 mg/kg、铅(以pb计)≤0.05 mg/kg、总砷(以AS计)≤0.05 mg/kg、黄曲毒素B1≤10μg/kg、苯并(a)芘≤10μg/kg;
(6)当步骤(3)中的评价因子全部符合步骤(4)和步骤(5)中的评价指数,则说明该批次的黄芥子油质量合格,如有一项不合格,则使用备检样品对不合格项进行复检,复检还不符合评价指数的,则该批次的黄芥子油不合格。
2.根据权利要求1所述的黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法,其特征在于,在步骤(5)中将黄芥子油在280℃下进行加热试验,油质中有微量析出物,罗维朋值;黄色值不变,红色值增加小于2.0,蓝色值增加小于0.5。
CN201710042539.7A 2016-08-30 2017-01-20 黄芥子油技术指标的评价方法 Pending CN107064439A (zh)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104764699A (zh) * 2015-01-22 2015-07-08 四川大学 一种测定食用油酸价的方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104764699A (zh) * 2015-01-22 2015-07-08 四川大学 一种测定食用油酸价的方法

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
何东平: "《油脂工厂设计手册》", 30 April 1990 *
国家进出口商品检验局科学技术委员会: "《食品标准法典》", 31 December 1993 *
马婷婷等: "不同类型食用植物油国家标准与行业标准的分析比较", 《农产品加工.学刊》 *

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