CN107060792B - A kind of drilling type experimental rig and method for shield model test - Google Patents
A kind of drilling type experimental rig and method for shield model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN107060792B CN107060792B CN201710419037.1A CN201710419037A CN107060792B CN 107060792 B CN107060792 B CN 107060792B CN 201710419037 A CN201710419037 A CN 201710419037A CN 107060792 B CN107060792 B CN 107060792B
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- tunnel
- round tube
- cutterhead
- drilling
- shield
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of drilling type experimental rigs and method for shield model test, including workbench, tunnel round tube is provided on the workbench, the cutterhead driven by driving mechanism is provided on front side of the tunnel round tube, the confined chamber for storing the dregs after excavating is provided on rear side of the cutterhead, the lower part of the confined chamber is provided with slag absorbing mechanism, the top of confined chamber is provided with the ventilating mechanism that opening and closing is synchronously completed with slag absorbing mechanism, medial surface and the bonding rubber sleeve of tunnel round tube are equipped on the tunnel round tube, the rubber sleeve is provided with simulation slip casting mechanism, the simulation box for inserting soil layer material is additionally provided on front side of the workbench, the both sides of the simulation box are reserved with the hole for cutterhead drilling respectively.The device is not only compact-sized, but also is conveniently used for excavation simulation and slip casting process, while method is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drilling type experimental rigs and method for shield model test, belong to underground geotechnical engineering
Shield model test technical field.
Background technique
With the rapid development of the national economy, the volume of traffic increasingly increases, is accelerating urban construction and protecting surrounding enviroment
Under it is required that, actively reasonably the exploitation underground space builds subway in many cities.Shield method is as main in subway construction
Construction method has been widely applied, but shield tunneling process is more obvious to the disturbance of soil layer around, while considering cutterhead
Diameter is greater than section of jurisdiction outer diameter, after pipe sheet assembling finishes and deviates from shield tail, will form a radial clearance with the soil body, and often will cause
Biggish stratum settlement, and earth's surface deformation and ground movements can be effectively reduced in grouting at the tail of the shield machine.
For shield-tunneling construction process research for understanding shield tunnel itself architectural characteristic and its to the shadow of surrounding enviroment
Sound is of great significance, wherein carrying out correlative study using research technique can get more intuitive result.It is limited to construction environment
It influences and measurement means is insufficient, the Shield Tunneling process testing based on scene is relatively difficult to achieve, therefore can pass through model test
Complete the engineering simulation to Shield Tunneling slip casting.
Domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a series of model tests for Shield Tunneling and the relevant issues of slip casting, preferably
Complete the Excavation simulation of shield tunnel and the slip casting simulation after excavation.But for Shield Tunneling and note in being fruitful
The synchronously simulating research of slurry is less, it is difficult to while considering shield tunneling to the disturbance of soil layer around and grouting at the tail of the shield machine to stratum deformation
Influence.For this reason, it may be necessary to a kind of drilling type experimental rig and method for shield model test.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of drilling type experimental rigs and method for shield model test, not only tie
Structure is compact, and is conveniently used for excavation simulation and slip casting process, while method is easy.
Technical program of the present invention lies in: a kind of drilling type experimental rig for shield model test, including workbench,
It is provided with tunnel round tube on the workbench, the cutterhead driven by driving mechanism is provided on front side of the tunnel round tube, it is described
The confined chamber for storing the dregs after excavating is provided on rear side of cutterhead, the lower part of the confined chamber is provided with slag absorbing mechanism,
The top of confined chamber is provided with the ventilating mechanism that opening and closing is synchronously completed with slag absorbing mechanism, is equipped with medial surface on the tunnel round tube
The bonding rubber sleeve with tunnel round tube, the rubber sleeve are provided with simulation slip casting mechanism, and the front side of the workbench is also
It is provided with the simulation box for inserting soil layer material, the both sides of the simulation box are reserved with the hole for cutterhead drilling respectively
Hole.
Further, the driving mechanism includes the transmission rod being connected with cutterhead, and the transmission rod passes through tunnel round tube
And rear end is connected with driving motor.
Further, two groups of blades of inner ring and outer ring are provided on the cutterhead, the blade and drilling direction, which are formed, to be pressed from both sides
Angle, the blade of the outer ring, which gathers, to be arranged.
Further, metal cap shell is equipped with outside the cutterhead, the metal housing and confined chamber are connected as entirety.
Further, the slag absorbing mechanism includes the conduit of slagging tap that front end is connected with confined chamber lower part, and described slag tap is led
Pipe, which passes through tunnel, round tube and is provided with slag absorbing device, and the rear end for conduit of slagging tap is connected with the dregs collector being set on rear side of workbench
It connects.
Further, the ventilating mechanism includes the airway that front end is connected with confined chamber top, and the ventilation is led
Pipe passes through tunnel and is provided with gas valve on round tube and the end for the round tube that passes through tunnel.
Further, the rubber sleeve is divided into several segments by narrow to wide from front to back along the axial direction of tunnel round tube, adjacent
It is closely coupled between two sections；The simulation slip casting mechanism includes the water filling hose being connected with every section of rubber sleeve, the water filling
Hose is each passed through tunnel round tube and is connected with hydraulic pump.
Further, the diameter of hole is identical as cutter diameter on the simulation box.
A kind of a kind of drilling type for shield model test of drilling type test method for shield model test is tested
Device, steps are as follows:
1) model casing is completed, inserts soil layer material similar with the practical soil layer at simulated shield-tunneling construction scene,
And tamp standing；
2) cutterhead, confined chamber and tunnel round tube are assembled on the table, and connect driving mechanism；
3) lubricating fluid need to be smeared in rubber sleeve outer surface, adjusts the drilling position of cutterhead；
4) when excavation simulation, opening driving mechanism creeps into cutterhead forward, and drilling distance is that practical shield duct piece is vertical every time
Slag absorbing mechanism is opened simultaneously than conversion gained according to geometric similarity to size, the dregs after excavation is discharged, and open ventilator
Structure maintains stable gas pressure in confined chamber；
5) driving mechanism, slag absorbing mechanism and ventilating mechanism are closed after the completion of single drilling, tunnel round tube is followed up to correspond to and is bored
Into length；
6) when simulating slip casting, liquid is injected into rubber sleeve along water filling hose using hydraulic pump, passes through rubber sleeve
Expansion simulate slip casting effect；
7) before drilling is excavated in next step, prexxure of the hydraulic pump need to be reduced, partially liq in rubber sleeve is discharged, to reduce tunnel
The friction when follow-up of road round tube with surrounding soil layer；
8) circulation step 4) to step 7), it is fully completed until excavating.
Further, the soil layer material in the model casing is based on the practical soil layer in scene and converts institute by the material likelihood ratio
?.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
Model test apparatus accomplishes that will excavate drilling and grouting at the tail of the shield machine combines, and opening for cutterhead is controlled by driving motor
Speed and process are dug, excavation simulation disturbance simulates grouting at the tail of the shield machine by hydraulic size in hydraulic pump control rubber sleeve, very well
Ground reduces the process of live shield tunneling slip casting.Confined chamber is formed after cutterhead, convenient for the collection and discharge of dregs, is realized certainly
It is dynamic to be unearthed, while being sucked prevented also from the similar soil layer material that conduit does not excavate surrounding of slagging tap, the addition of airway makes close
Room pressure is closed to more tend to stablize.This model test apparatus can reuse, and can carry out multi-state test, be a kind of be applicable in
The preferable shield tunneling grouting model test device of property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of tunnel round tube of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of cutterhead of the invention；
Fig. 4 is that rubber sleeve of the invention connect thin portion sectional view with surrounding structure；
In figure: 1- model casing, 1a- hole, 2- cutterhead, 2a- inner ring blade, the outer ring 2b- blade, 3- confined chamber, 4- power transmission
Bar, 5- driving motor, 6- slag tap conduit, 7- dregs collector, 8- slag absorbing device, 9- airway, 10- gas valve, the tunnel 11-
Round tube, 12- rubber sleeve, 13- fill the water hose, 14- hydraulic pump, 15- workbench.
Specific embodiment
To make the foregoing features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, special embodiment below, and cooperate attached drawing, make detailed
It is carefully described as follows, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 4
A kind of drilling type experimental rig for shield model test, including workbench 15 are provided on the workbench
Tunnel round tube 11 is provided with the cutterhead 2 driven by driving mechanism on front side of the tunnel round tube, is provided on rear side of the cutterhead
For storing the confined chamber 3 of the dregs after excavating, need to guarantee closed chamber interior region sealing in digging process.The confined chamber
Lower part is provided with slag absorbing mechanism, and the top of confined chamber is provided with the ventilating mechanism that opening and closing is synchronously completed with slag absorbing mechanism, the tunnel
Medial surface and the bonding rubber sleeve 12 of tunnel round tube are equipped on road round tube, the rubber sleeve is provided with simulation slip casting machine
Structure, the simulation box 1 for inserting soil layer material is additionally provided on front side of the workbench, and the both sides difference of the simulation box is pre-
There are the hole 1a crept into for cutterhead, and the diameter of described hole is identical as cutter diameter, so as to the drilling of cutterhead.
In the present embodiment, the driving mechanism includes the transmission rod 4 being connected with cutterhead, and the transmission rod passes through tunnel circle
It manages and rear end is connected with driving motor 5, to provide rotary power for cutterhead.And the speed of the rotation by controlling driving motor
Degree and propulsive force simulate different shield tunneling speed and digging process to the disturbance situation of soil layer.
In the present embodiment, inner ring blade 2a and outer ring blade 2b are provided on the cutterhead, the blade of the outer ring gathers
Arrangement, can be such that excavated section is more uniformly stressed, and advance convenient for cutterhead 2；Each group blade forms an angle with drilling direction shape, real
Existing cutting of the blade to front soil layer.
In the present embodiment, metal cap shell is equipped with outside the cutterhead, the metal housing and confined chamber are connected as entirety, with
Guarantee that cutterhead 2 not will drive rear side confined chamber 3 in inner rotation and rotate.
In the present embodiment, the slag absorbing mechanism includes the conduit 6 of slagging tap that front end is connected with confined chamber lower part, described to slag tap
Conduit, which passes through tunnel, round tube and is provided with slag absorbing device 8, the rear end for conduit of slagging tap and the dregs collector 7 being set on rear side of workbench
It is connected.Conduit opening and closing is slagged tap by the completion of slag absorbing device 8 and soil suction is slagged tap work, clog the dregs after excavating every time will not close
Closed chamber, to guarantee to excavate progress working properly.
In the present embodiment, the ventilating mechanism includes the airway 9 that front end is connected with confined chamber top, the ventilation
Conduit passes through tunnel and is provided with gas valve 10 on round tube and the end for the round tube that passes through tunnel.It is led by gas valve 10 with slagging tap
Pipe 6 synchronously completes pipeline opening and closing, and 3 air pressure inside of confined chamber is kept to stablize, before making to slag tap and being unlikely to destruction when 6 air-breathing of conduit is slagged tap
The stability of soil layer section is not excavated in side.
In the present embodiment, tunnel round tube 11 corresponds to practical shield duct piece and is made according to certain material likelihood ratio, tunnel
By geometric similarity ratio conversion gained, overall length is excavation length for 11 outer diameter of road round tube and thickness.In 2 digging process of cutterhead, pass through tunnel
Installation with come in simulate shield duct piece of the road round tube 11 along front tunnel excavation.
In the present embodiment, the slip casting situation outside lining segment is simulated after the rubber sleeve pressurization filling.The rubber tube
The axial direction covered along tunnel round tube is divided into several segments by narrow to wide from front to back, closely coupled between adjacent two sections.Each section of front end
Length is by practical shield duct piece longitudinal size by geometric similarity than obtained by conversion, the area of section after being full of is equivalent to cutterhead 2
The difference of the sectional area of excavation area and tunnel round tube 11.
In the present embodiment, the simulation slip casting mechanism includes the water filling hose being connected with every section of rubber sleeve, the note
Water hose is each passed through tunnel round tube and is connected with hydraulic pump.Each rubber sleeve 12 provides hydraulic make by hydraulic pump 14 respectively
Its expansion or shrinkage, to simulate slip casting effect, specific size of pressurizeing need to be according to section of jurisdiction during practical shield-tunneling construction and surrounding soil
Obtained by layer slurry pressure similarly transformation.
In the present embodiment, the workbench is used to place the drilling section and driving motor 5 of experimental rig to be crept into, can root
Change 15 height of workbench and position according to specific test requirements document, guarantees the connection of drilling section and driving motor 5, and can be to brill
Real-time monitoring is carried out into direction.
A kind of a kind of drilling type for shield model test of drilling type test method for shield model test is tested
Device, steps are as follows:
1) model casing is completed, inserts soil layer material similar with the practical soil layer at simulated shield-tunneling construction scene,
And standing is tamped, the soil layer material in the model casing is based on the practical soil layer in scene and converts gained by the material likelihood ratio；
2) cutterhead, confined chamber and tunnel round tube are assembled on the table, and connect driving mechanism；
3) lubricating fluid need to be smeared in rubber sleeve outer surface, to reduce the friction with soil layer storeroom, reduces tunnel round tube
11 to during following up inside tunneling because soil layer caused by the effect of the tangential force of rubber sleeve 12 and surrounding soil layer is unstable；And
Adjust the drilling position of cutterhead；
4) when excavation simulation, driving motor is opened, cutterhead 2 is controlled by transmission rod 4 and is crept into forward, creeping into distance every time is
Practical shield duct piece longitudinal size, than conversion gained, opens simultaneously slag absorbing device 8 according to geometric similarity, and the dregs edge after excavation is gone out
Slag conduit 6 drains into the dregs collector 7 outside model casing 1, and guarantees that airway 9 is unimpeded, maintains stable gas pressure in confined chamber 3；
5) driving mechanism, slag absorbing mechanism and ventilating mechanism are closed after the completion of single drilling, the tunnel of rubber sleeve will be bonded with
The corresponding drilling length of road round tube follow-up；
6) when simulating slip casting, liquid is injected into rubber sleeve along water filling hose using hydraulic pump, passes through rubber sleeve
Expansion simulate slip casting effect；
7) before drilling is excavated in next step, prexxure of the hydraulic pump need to be reduced, partially liq in rubber sleeve is discharged, to reduce tunnel
The friction when follow-up of road round tube with surrounding soil layer；
8) circulation step 4) to step 7), it is fully completed until excavating.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, according to this hair
Bright introduction designs various forms of drilling type experimental rigs and method for shield model test and does not need creativeness
Labour, it is all without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention impartial to become according to what scope of the present invention patent was done
Change, modification, replacement and variant, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of drilling type experimental rig for shield model test, including workbench, which is characterized in that on the workbench
It is provided with tunnel round tube, the cutterhead driven by driving mechanism is provided on front side of the tunnel round tube, is provided on the cutterhead
Two groups of blades of inner ring and outer ring, the blade and drilling direction form angle, and the blade of the outer ring, which gathers, to be arranged, the cutterhead
Rear side be provided with for store excavate after dregs confined chamber, the lower part of the confined chamber is provided with slag absorbing mechanism, described
Slag absorbing mechanism includes the conduit of slagging tap that front end is connected with confined chamber lower part, and the conduit of slagging tap, which passes through tunnel, round tube and to be provided with
Slag absorbing device, the rear end for conduit of slagging tap are connected with the dregs collector being set on rear side of workbench, and the top of confined chamber is provided with
The ventilating mechanism of opening and closing is synchronously completed with slag absorbing mechanism, the ventilating mechanism includes the ventilation that front end is connected with confined chamber top
Conduit, the airway, which passes through tunnel, is provided with gas valve on round tube and the end for the round tube that passes through tunnel, the tunnel circle
Medial surface and the bonding rubber sleeve of tunnel round tube are equipped on pipe, the rubber sleeve is provided with simulation slip casting mechanism, institute
The axial direction that rubber sleeve is stated along tunnel round tube is divided into several segments by narrow to wide from front to back, closely coupled between adjacent two sections；Institute
Stating simulation slip casting mechanism includes the water filling hose being connected with every section of rubber sleeve, and the water filling hose is each passed through tunnel round tube
And be connected with hydraulic pump, the simulation box for inserting soil layer material is additionally provided on front side of the workbench, the simulation box
Both sides are reserved with the hole for cutterhead drilling respectively.
2. a kind of drilling type experimental rig for shield model test according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Driving mechanism includes the transmission rod being connected with cutterhead, and the transmission rod passes through tunnel round tube and rear end is connected with driving motor
It connects.
3. a kind of drilling type experimental rig for shield model test according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Metal cap shell is equipped with outside cutterhead, the metal housing and confined chamber are connected as entirety.
4. a kind of drilling type experimental rig for shield model test according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The diameter of hole is identical as cutter diameter on simulation box.
5. a kind of drilling type test method for shield model test, including it is as described in claim 1 a kind of for shield
The drilling type experimental rig of model test, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
1) model casing is completed, inserts soil layer material similar with the practical soil layer at simulated shield-tunneling construction scene, and ram
It is real to stand；
2) cutterhead, confined chamber and tunnel round tube are assembled on the table, and connect driving mechanism；
3) lubricating fluid need to be smeared in rubber sleeve outer surface, adjusts the drilling position of cutterhead；
4) when excavation simulation, opening driving mechanism creeps into cutterhead forward, and drilling distance is practical shield duct piece longitudinal ruler every time
It is very little to open simultaneously slag absorbing mechanism according to geometric similarity ratio conversion gained, by the dregs discharge after excavation, and open ventilating mechanism dimension
Hold stable gas pressure in confined chamber；
5) driving mechanism, slag absorbing mechanism and ventilating mechanism are closed after the completion of single drilling, tunnel round tube is followed up and corresponds to drilling length
Degree；
6) when simulating slip casting, liquid is injected into rubber sleeve along water filling hose using hydraulic pump, passes through the swollen of rubber sleeve
Swollen simulation slip casting effect；
7) before drilling is excavated in next step, prexxure of the hydraulic pump need to be reduced, partially liq in rubber sleeve is discharged, to reduce tunnel circle
Friction when pipe follow-up with surrounding soil layer；
8) circulation step 4) to step 7), it is fully completed until excavating.
6. a kind of drilling type test method for shield model test according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
Model casing in soil layer material be based on the practical soil layer in scene obtained by the conversion of the material likelihood ratio.
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| CN201710419037.1A CN107060792B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | A kind of drilling type experimental rig and method for shield model test |
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| CN201710419037.1A CN107060792B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | A kind of drilling type experimental rig and method for shield model test |
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| CN107060792A CN107060792A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
| CN107060792B true CN107060792B (en) | 2019-03-19 |
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| CN112761653B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-09-13 | 西南交通大学 | Muddy water-soil pressure double-mode switchable shield tunneling simulation test device |
| CN113482647A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Miniature development machine system for test |
| CN115064049B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2024-07-23 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) | Physical model test system and method for dewatering well construction process simulation |
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