CN107052225A - Spherical fused silica of special sand and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Spherical fused silica of special sand and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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Abstract
The invention provides spherical fused silica of a kind of special sand and its preparation method and application, it uses angular silica sand to be produced by high-temperature melting method, and the angular silica sand contains SiO2、Fe2O3、Na2O and K2O is main component;Wherein SiO2The angular silica sand of content >=88%, Fe2O3Content≤0.5%, Na2O and K2O content≤3.0%;By angular silica sand, oxygen and natural gas enter in balling furnace body commonly through dispersing apparatus, and angular silica sand is subjected to 300~212 μm of particle screen selecting point, 212~150 μm, 150~75 μm of three granularities sections, and high-temperature calcination is carried out respectively, angular silica sand sand grains is in oxygen rich air and natural gas combustion process by high-temperature fusion nodularization, spherical fused silica amorphous content 60 100% is made, and surface is smooth, the coefficient of expansion is low, dihedral coefficient is low, degree of cutting down according to the circumstance is low, density is small, spherical fused silica is pressed into closestpacking principle, the grain size distribution for making science is made into precoated sand, the core and sand mold of densification can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the spherical fused silica that the casting mold of a kind of cast steel, cast iron, cast aluminium and its alloy is used, tool
Body is related to a kind of special sand-spherical fused silica and its preparation method and application, and it belongs to casting technology field.
Background technology
At present, casting is angular silica sand using relatively broad molding sand, because cheap, is originated simple, therefore is used extensively,
But because it has irregular angular shape, cause poor fluidity, filling rate is low, cause the sand mold leakiness formed with silica sand,
Rough surface, surface finish of casting is poor obtained from, increases subsequent handling difficulty.Meanwhile, silica sand main component is stone
English, is influenceed generation crystalline phase change by high temperature during cast, forms cristobalite, Volume Changes are big, it is impossible to obtain the high casting of dimensional accuracy
Part, equally increases subsequent handling difficulty.Therefore, many non-angular molding sand are occurred in that, to improve sand mold filling rate and casting
Dimensional accuracy.
Chinese patent 02802406.0 discloses the manufacture method and globular powder manufacture dress of a kind of spherical oxide powder
Put, the manufacture method of composite dielectric material, substrate and substrate there is provided a kind of manufacture method of spherical oxide powder, it is special
Levy and be:Comprise the following steps:The particle powder being made up of oxide composition is supplied to combustion flame together with carrier gas
Supplying step;The particle powder of supply is melted to obtain the melting step and melt process of melt process thing in combustion flame
Thing passes through the coagulation step that moves and solidify to outside combustion flame.
Chinese patent 200810121382.8 discloses a kind of preparation method of fine form of spherical particles silica.It
Comprise the following steps:The step of angular silica is by the combustion flame of natural gas and oxygen;The step of by cooling zone;
The step of grain classification.The present invention uses pure oxygen and the natural gas energy low with respect to lattice valency, and angular titanium dioxide is melted with thermal-flame
Silicon grain, nodularization is allowed to by the surface tension after its melting, can be by silica dioxide granule because the flow of pure oxygen and natural gas is big
It is effectively scattered, reduce the possibility of silica dioxide granule conglomeration in the case of melt surface, it is ensured that the proper sphere of final products
Degree.
200380105426.3 spherical molding sand and its manufacture method, its invention are characterised by:Will using Verneuil method
With Al2O3And SiO2For the powder spheroidizing of principal component, the molding sand that sphericity is high, hydroscopicity is small is thus manufactured, and then manufacture intensity
Casting mold excellent, with smooth surface.
In patent disclosed above, have using the balling-up of raw material mixing granulation and sinter obtained spherical molding sand and high siliceous ball
Shape molding sand, but its sphericity is not high, and sand grain surface is coarse, many using binding agent, causes cost high, while not being improved filling
Rate is surface finish of casting;Separately there is the spherical molding sand of publication, reduce the surface roughness of sand grains, use binding agent
Few, sphericity is high, and good fluidity improves sand mold filling rate and surface finish of casting, because main component is aluminum oxide and oxygen
SiClx, than great, sand mold weight, makes labor strength big, while there is the problem of cost is higher.Therefore, current casting field
The low molding sand of a kind of proportion is small, dihedral coefficient is low, sand grain surface is smooth molding sand, the coefficient of expansion need to be studied, is filled out with improving sand mold
Fill rate and casting dimension accuracy.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of special sand-spherical fused silica and its preparation method and application, by height
Under warm oxygen-enriched atmosphere, the angular silica sand of its raw material is melted, obtains that surface is smooth, the coefficient of expansion is low, dihedral coefficient is low, degree of cutting down according to the circumstance
The small spherical molding sand of low, density.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of special sand-spherical fused silica, it uses angular silica sand to be produced by high-temperature melting method, the angular silica sand
Contain SiO2、Fe2O3、Na2O and K2O is main component;
Wherein, angular silica sand SiO2 contents >=88%, Fe2O3Content≤0.5%, Na2O and K2O content≤3.0%;
The spherical fused silica amorphous content 60~100%, sand grain surface roughness Ra is less than 0.3.
Spherical fused silica sphericity >=0.85.
The spherical fused silica granularity is at 300~75 μm.
A kind of preparation method of special sand-spherical fused silica, it include angular silica sand, oxygen and natural gas commonly through
Dispersing apparatus enters in balling furnace body, and angular silica sand sand grains is in oxygen rich air and natural gas combustion process by high-temperature fusion nodularization.
Preferably, the oxygen-enriched coefficient of above-mentioned angular silica sand high-temperature fusion nodularization is 1.1~1.5, natural gas consumption is 280
~350m3/ h, high-temperature temperature reaches 2000~2400 DEG C, 1~3s of melting time.
Preferably, above-mentioned angular silica sand carries out particle screen selecting classification:300~212 μm, 212~150 μm, 150~75 μm
Three granularity sections, and high-temperature calcination is carried out respectively, and by high-temperature fusion nodularization, sphericity 0.85~0.95.
Preferably, by above-mentioned angular silica sand through nodularization melting enter quick refrigerating work procedure, quick cooldown rate be 300~
500 DEG C/s, spherical fused silica and sieving and grading are collected, granularity is at 300~75 μm.
Moreover, above-mentioned spherical fused silica is mixed by little particle granularity section with bulky grain granularity section, little particle is filled
The slots close accumulation of bulky grain, so as to get sand mold and core it is fine and close.
Moreover, above-mentioned spherical fused silica granularity 300~212um of section is mixed with 212~150um of granularity section, its
Mixed proportion is 1:0.15~1.5, spherical 212~150 μm of fused silica granularity section is mixed for 150~75 μm with granularity section,
Its mixed proportion is 1:1.5~3.6.
A kind of application process of special sand-spherical fused silica, the spherical fused silica that above-mentioned mixing is completed is fabricated to
Precoated sand, the making of precoated sand is matched by weight percentage, resin:0.8~1.5% sand amount, calcium stearate:0.1~2%
Sand amount, curing agent:15~18% amount of resin, the surface roughness Ra of casting reaches 3.2~6.3.
The present invention has the advantages and positive effects of:
1st, spherical fused silica prepared by the present invention, using angular silica sand S iO2Content is not less than 88%, amorphous content
More than more than 60%, by high-temperature fusion balling-up, crystalline phase occurs conversion and forms amorphous state, and amorphous spherical fused silica has
Extremely low expansion rate, the dimensional accuracy of casting can be ensured after making shell.
2nd, spherical fused silica prepared by the present invention, amorphous spherical fused silica density is small, the density of fused silica
Minimum is 0.9 times of common silica sand, is commonly use spherical molding sand 0.76 times, in core shooting sand mold, and the minimum sand grains of density can
To obtain the maximum speed of service, the speed of service is bigger, and sand mold filling rate is higher, finer and close, it is ensured that the high surface of casting
Finish.
3rd, the present invention is due to the preparation method using special sand-spherical fused silica, and angular silica sand is in high-temperature oxygen-enriched atmosphere
By high-temperature fusion nodularization in lower and natural gas combustion process, angular silica sand surface tension is reduced, angular silica sand through nodularization melt into
Enter quick refrigerating work procedure, spherical fused silica is collected in quick cooling.
4th, spherical fused silica preparation method of the invention, by angular silica sand partition size section, is classified into three granularity sections point
High-temperature calcination is not carried out, can be saved, while can ensure that the spherical rate of every section of granularity section is high, it is to avoid size particles mixing occur
High-temperature calcination, wastes energy, while can not ensure spherical rate, bulky grain nodularization needs energy high, and little particle nodularization needs energy
Low, each sand grains can melting and spheroidizing well, it is ensured that quality saves the nodularization energy simultaneously, reduces cost.
5th, spherical fused silica is made in spherical fused silica preparation method of the invention, by partition size section matching somebody with somebody by science
Than mixing, little particle granularity section is mixed with bulky grain granularity section, and little particle is filled to the gap of bulky grain, melange is being used
When, the sand mold and core of densification can be obtained, so as to ensure that surface quality of continuous castings is smooth, spherical fused silica sphericity is high, resistance to
Percentage of damage is high, and recyclability is good, environment-friendly and green.
6th, the spherical silica sand of preparation method of the present invention can improve ton molten steel casting of output and product qualified rate, i.e., 1
Casting, it is more than the casting quantity that original technique is cast using spherical silica sand, about many 15% or so.
7th, spherical fused silica application process of the invention, precoated sand, spherical molten silicon are fabricated to using spherical fused silica
Proportioning mixing of the sand by partition size section Jing Guo science, fine and close sand mold and core combination, molten iron of then casting, molten iron cooling, casting
Part is molded, and the surface smoothness of casting is higher, is reduced using phenolic resin, and intensity is improved, while improving filling rate, it is ensured that matter
Amount, it is cost-effective.
Embodiment
In order to be better understood from the present invention, the present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiment.
The present invention provides a kind of special sand-spherical fused silica and its preparation method and application.
Embodiment 1
A kind of special sand-spherical fused silica, is produced using angular silica sand by high-temperature melting method, and angular silica sand contains
SiO2、Fe2O3、Na2O and K2O is main component;From SiO2The angular silica sand of content 88%, Fe2O3Content≤0.5%, Na2O
And K2O content≤3.0%, pH value is 7 or so.
A kind of preparation method of special sand-spherical fused silica, particle screen selecting classification is carried out by angular silica sand:300~212
μm, 212~150 μm, 150~75 μm of three granularities section, sphericity 0.85~0.95.Angular silica sand, oxygen and natural gas are total to
Enter with by dispersing apparatus in balling furnace body, angular silica sand sand grains is respectively put into balling furnace body by three granularity sections
By high-temperature fusion nodularization in oxygen rich air and natural gas combustion process, sphericity 0.85~0.95.Angular silica sand high-temperature fusion nodularization
Oxygen-enriched coefficient be 1.1, natural gas consumption be 300m3/ h, high temperature reaches 2000 DEG C.
Above-mentioned angular silica sand is melted into melting time 1.5s through nodularization, rapidly into cooling zone, spherical sand grains is formed, soon
Fast cooldown rate is 350 DEG C/s, collects spherical fused silica and sieving and grading, granularity at 300~75 μm, sphericity 0.85,
Cut down according to the circumstance as 0%, amorphous content is more than 80%.
Above-mentioned spherical fused silica granularity 300~212um of section is mixed with 212~150um of granularity section, its mixing ratio
Example is 1:0.5, spherical 212~150 μm of fused silica granularity section is mixed for 150~75 μm with granularity section, and its mixed proportion is
1:2.0。
Embodiment 2
A kind of special sand-spherical fused silica, is produced using angular silica sand by high-temperature melting method, and angular silica sand contains
SiO2、Fe2O3、Na2O and K2O is main component;From SiO2The angular silica sand of content 90%, amorphous content 98%, Fe2O3Contain
Measure≤0.3%, Na2O and K2O content≤3.0%, pH value is 7.
A kind of preparation method of special sand-spherical fused silica, particle screen selecting classification is carried out by angular silica sand:300~212
μm, 212~150 μm, 150~75 μm of three granularities section, sphericity 0.85~0.95.Angular silica sand, oxygen and natural gas are total to
Enter with by dispersing apparatus in balling furnace body, angular silica sand sand grains is respectively put into balling furnace body by three granularity sections
By high-temperature fusion nodularization in oxygen rich air and natural gas combustion process, sphericity 0.85~0.95.Angular silica sand high-temperature fusion nodularization
Oxygen-enriched coefficient be 1.5, natural gas consumption be 350m3/ h, high temperature reaches 2300 DEG C.
Above-mentioned angular silica sand is melted into melting time 1.5s through nodularization, rapidly into cooling zone, spherical sand grains is formed, soon
Fast cooldown rate is 350 DEG C/s, collects spherical fused silica and sieving and grading, granularity at 75300~75 μm, sphericity 0.9,
Cut down according to the circumstance as 0%, amorphous content is more than 95%.
Above-mentioned spherical fused silica granularity 300~212um of section is mixed with 212~150um of granularity section, its mixing ratio
Example is 1:1.5, spherical 212~150 μm of fused silica granularity section is mixed for 150~75 μm with granularity section, and its mixed proportion is
1:3.6。
Embodiment 3
A kind of special sand-spherical fused silica, is produced using angular silica sand by high-temperature melting method, and angular silica sand contains
SiO2、Fe2O3、Na2O and K2O is main component;From SiO2The angular silica sand of content 90%, amorphous content 95%, Fe2O3Contain
Measure≤0.1%, Na2O and K2O content≤3.0%, pH value is 7.
A kind of preparation method of special sand-spherical fused silica, particle screen selecting classification is carried out by angular silica sand:300~212
μm, 212~150 μm, 150~75 μm of three granularities section, sphericity 0.85~0.95.Angular silica sand, oxygen and natural gas are total to
Enter with by dispersing apparatus in balling furnace body, angular silica sand sand grains is respectively put into balling furnace body by three granularity sections
By high-temperature fusion nodularization in oxygen rich air and natural gas combustion process, sphericity 0.85~0.95.Angular silica sand high-temperature fusion nodularization
Oxygen-enriched coefficient be 1.2, natural gas consumption be 320m3/ h, high temperature reaches 2200 DEG C.
Above-mentioned angular silica sand is melted into melting time 1.5s through nodularization, rapidly into cooling zone, spherical sand grains is formed, soon
Fast cooldown rate is 350 DEG C/s, collects spherical fused silica and sieving and grading, granularity at 300~75 μm, sphericity 0.95,
Cut down according to the circumstance as 0%, amorphous content is more than 75%.
Above-mentioned spherical fused silica granularity 300~212um of section is mixed with 212~150um of granularity section, its mixing ratio
Example is 1:1.2, spherical 212~150 μm of fused silica granularity section is mixed for 150~75 μm with granularity section, and its mixed proportion is
1:2.5。
Application Example 1
A kind of application of special sand-spherical fused silica, the spherical fused silica that completion is mixed by granularity section is fabricated to
Precoated sand, using core shooter, produces sand mold and core, sand mold and core is combined, molten iron of then casting, molten iron cooling, casting
Part is molded, and the surface roughness Ra of casting reaches 3.6;Wherein, the making of precoated sand is matched by weight percentage, phenolic aldehyde tree
Fat:1.0% sand amount, calcium stearate:0.8% sand amount, curing agent:15% amount of resin.
Application Example 2
A kind of application of special sand-spherical fused silica, the spherical fused silica that completion is mixed by granularity section is fabricated to
Precoated sand, using core shooter, produces sand mold and core, sand mold and core is combined, molten iron of then casting, molten iron cooling, casting
Part is molded, and the surface roughness Ra of casting reaches 5.5;Wherein, the making of precoated sand is matched by weight percentage, phenolic resin
For 1.5% sand amount, calcium stearate is 2.0% sand amount, and curing agent is 18% amount of resin.
Application Example 3
A kind of application of special sand-spherical fused silica, the spherical fused silica that completion is mixed by granularity section is fabricated to
Precoated sand, using core shooter, produces sand mold and core, sand mold and core is combined, molten iron of then casting, molten iron cooling, casting
Part is molded, and the surface roughness Ra of casting reaches 5.0;Wherein, the making of precoated sand is matched by weight percentage, phenolic resin
For 1.2% sand amount, calcium stearate is 1.5% sand amount, and curing agent is 16% amount of resin.
Application Example 4
A kind of application of special sand-spherical fused silica, spherical fused silica is used for the stacked box teemer of spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Skill, 20~40% spherical fused silicas are added in common silica sand, overlay film is carried out, and in puddle mixer under certain temperature, add phenol
Urea formaldehyde, methenamine and calcium stearate, stir certain time, when sand grain surface uniformly coats one layer of resin, test is covered
The tensile strength and bending strength of spherical fused silica after film, are added after spherical fused silica, are reduced using phenolic resin amount, together
When improve filling rate, do not occur crush phenomenon, calculate yield rate improve 20 than the technique of non-ball adding shape fused silica~
50%.
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail above, but the content is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention,
It is not to be regarded as the practical range for limiting the present invention.All equivalent changes made according to the scope of the invention and improvement etc., all should
Still belong within this patent covering scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of special sand-spherical fused silica, it uses angular silica sand to be produced by high-temperature melting method, and the angular silica sand contains
There is SiO2、Fe2O3、Na2O and K2O is main component;
Wherein, angular silica sand SiO2 contents >=88%, Fe2O3Content≤0.5%, Na2O and K2O content≤3.0%;
The spherical fused silica amorphous content 60~100%, sand grain surface roughness Ra is less than 0.3.
2. a kind of special sand according to claim 1-spherical fused silica, it is characterised in that:The spherical fused silica
Sphericity >=0.85.
3. a kind of special sand according to claim 1-spherical fused silica, it is characterised in that:The spherical fused silica
Granularity is at 300~75 μm.
4. a kind of preparation method of special sand according to claim 1-spherical fused silica, it includes angular silica sand, oxygen
Gas and natural gas enter in balling furnace body commonly through dispersing apparatus, and angular silica sand sand grains is in oxygen rich air and natural gas combustion process
It is middle by high-temperature fusion nodularization.
5. a kind of preparation method of special sand according to claim 4-spherical fused silica, it is characterised in that:Above-mentioned angle
The oxygen-enriched coefficient of shape silica sand high-temperature fusion nodularization is 1.1~1.5, and natural gas consumption is 280~350m3/ h, high-temperature temperature reaches
2000~2400 DEG C, 1~3s of melting time.
6. a kind of preparation method of special sand-spherical fused silica according to claim 4,5, it is characterised in that:It is above-mentioned
Angular silica sand carries out particle screen selecting classification:300~212 μm, 212~150 μm, 150~75 μm of three granularities sections, and carry out respectively
High-temperature calcination, and by high-temperature fusion nodularization, sphericity 0.85~0.95.
7. a kind of preparation method of special sand-spherical fused silica according to claim 4,5,6, it is characterised in that:Will
Above-mentioned angular silica sand enters quick refrigerating work procedure through nodularization melting, and quick cooldown rate is 300~500 DEG C/s, collects spherical molten
Melt silica sand and sieving and grading, granularity is at 300~75 μm.
8. a kind of preparation method of special sand according to claim 7-spherical fused silica, it is characterised in that:Will be above-mentioned
Spherical fused silica is mixed by little particle granularity section with bulky grain granularity section, and little particle is filled to the slots close heap of bulky grain
Product, so as to get sand mold and core it is fine and close.
9. a kind of preparation method of special sand-spherical fused silica according to claim 7,8, it is characterised in that:Will be upper
State spherical fused silica granularity 300~212um of section to be mixed with 212~150um of granularity section, its mixed proportion is 1:0.15~
1.5, spherical 212~150 μm of fused silica granularity section is mixed for 150~75 μm with granularity section, and its mixed proportion is 1:1.5~
3.6。
10. a kind of application process of special sand-spherical fused silica according to claim 7,8,9, it is characterised in that:Will
The spherical fused silica that above-mentioned mixing is completed is fabricated to precoated sand, and the making of precoated sand is matched by weight percentage, resin:
0.8~1.5% sand amount, calcium stearate:0.1~2% sand amount, curing agent:15~18% amount of resin, the surface of casting is thick
Rugosity Ra reaches 3.2~6.3.
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Application publication date: 20170818 |