CN107046377B - A kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method - Google Patents
A kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107046377B CN107046377B CN201710154141.2A CN201710154141A CN107046377B CN 107046377 B CN107046377 B CN 107046377B CN 201710154141 A CN201710154141 A CN 201710154141A CN 107046377 B CN107046377 B CN 107046377B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control methods, and steps are as follows: step S1, construct switch state Si；S2 obtains output voltage UjWith switch state SiExpression formula；S3 constructs power quadratic forecast model；S4 calculates the predicted value of DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；S5 constructs cost function g；S6, initialization；S7, acquisition network voltage and output electric current；S8 calculates output voltage U under current switch statesj；S9 calculates first time power prediction value；S10 calculates second of power prediction value；S11 calculates cost function g；S12, the size of relative value function g and comparison variable m, and minimum value is assigned to comparison variable m；S13 judges and exports.The present invention calculates optimal voltage vector in advance, is delayed to algorithm and carries out effective compensation, reduce the influence that delay on system performance generates by carrying out two-staged prediction to output power.After compensation of delay is added, when sample frequency is higher, the present invention can be substantially reduced power swing and reduce grid-connected current harmonic distortion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent power grid technology fields, and in particular to a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant is equal
Press control method.
Background technique
The failure tolerant service ability of high reliability electric energy conversion system is that power electronic equipment puts into operation primary underlying issue,
It is also the antecedent basis of the strong smart grid of building.In energy-storage system, two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage convertor controls energy storage electricity
Realizing bidirectional electric energy flow between source and AC network is the tie and key equipment for connecting " net-source ", to the reliable of energy-storage system
Operation plays an important role.
As the core component of energy-storage system bidirectional power conversion, the normal work of reversible transducer is whole system safety
The basis of stable operation is impacted caused by power grid once the off-the-line of power supply and power grid will be will cause by breaking down, and threatens part
The reliable electricity consumption of power network safety operation and responsible consumer.However, large power all-controlled type switching device is applied in high voltage, greatly
When capacity, high power density, HF switch state, the transient processes such as surge, spike will affect the reliability service of device, so that becoming
Stream device is easy to appear failure.Therefore, from reliability perspectives are improved to reversible transducer failure tolerant mechanism and control method research
It is of great significance.
To improve system failure fault-tolerant ability, transformer configuration is reconfigured after failure and combining corresponding control strategy,
To maintain System Fault Tolerance continuous operation.Document " fault-tolerant three-phase Four-switch converter control strategy, Proceedings of the CSEE,
2010 " propose the Four-switch converter SVPWM overmodulation method based on offset voltage vector, to improve direct current power source voltage utilization
Rate." Converter Fault Diagnosis and faults-tolerant control Review Study electrotechnics journal, 2015 " disclose Four-switch converter to document
The essence of SVPWM control is controlled with the SPWM that 60 ° of two-way phase phase difference of sine wave is implicit modulation function.Document " three-phase
The control method of four switch in parallel Active Power Filter-APFs.Electrotechnics journal, 2014 " analyze command voltage vector cannot be just
Often the reason of synthesis, and one kind is proposed according to discontinuous PWM control thought and does not change the fault-tolerant of rectifier topology structure
Control algolithm.It is above to need to be coordinately transformed and sector based on SVPWM control method to the research of the failure tolerant of converter
Selection, calculation amount is bigger than normal, and algorithm is complicated.
It is less to the failure tolerant method research of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter, and DC side is not analyzed in existing research
The principle and method of voltage balance control.
Summary of the invention
Existing converter failure tolerant control is to need to carry out coordinate the invention solves it based on SVPWM control method
Transformation and sector selection, calculation amount is bigger than normal, algorithm is complicated and the failure tolerant method research of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter compared with
The technical problems such as few, to provide a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method, steps are as follows:
Step S1 constructs the switch state S of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter fault modeli；
Wherein, i is the phase of AC network, and i ∈ (a, b, c)；I phase fault, there is Si=1/2；
S2 obtains the output voltage U of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under α β two-phase static coordinatejWith switch state Si's
Expression formula；
S2.1 obtains the output voltage and switch shape of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under abc three-phase static coordinate system
State SiCalculation formula, it is specific as follows:
Wherein, UdcFor DC bus-bar voltage, uanFor a phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ubnIt is two-way
The b phase output voltage of alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ucnFor the c phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；SaFor a phase
Switch state value；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；ScFor the switch state value of c phase；And Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be
1/2。
S2.2 carries out Clark transformation to the formula 2 in step S2.1, obtains two-way alternating current-direct current under α β two-phase static coordinate
Energy storage converter output voltage UjWith switch state SiExpression formula, it is specific as follows:
Wherein, uαFor the α component of output voltage；uβFor the β component of output voltage；Udc1For a separation capacitor of DC side
Voltage, Udc2For another separation capacitance voltage of DC side, SaFor the switch state value of a phase；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；
ScFor the switch state value of c phase, and Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be 1/2.
S3 constructs two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter and output voltage vector UjRelated power quadratic forecast model；
S3.1 obtains two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under abc three-phase static coordinate system according to Kirchhoff's law
State equation；
Wherein, uanFor a phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ubnFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
B phase output voltage；ucnFor the c phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；iaFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
A phase export electric current；ibB phase for two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter exports electric current；icFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
C phase exports electric current；eaFor power grid a phase voltage；ebFor power grid b phase voltage；ecFor power grid c phase voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance.
S3.2 carries out Clark transformation to the formula 4 in step S3.1, obtains the state equation under α β two-phase static coordinate:
In formula, L is inductance；R is resistance；eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαIt is two-way
The α component of the output electric current of alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；iβFor the β component of the output electric current of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；uα
For the α component of output voltage；uβFor the β component of output voltage.
S3.3 carries out discretization to the formula 5 in step S3.2, obtains two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in tk+1Moment
Predicted current:
In formula, iαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment output current forecasting value；iβIt (k+1) is tk+1It is pre- that moment exports electric current
The β component of measured value；iαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output electric current；iβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output electric current；eαIt (k) is tk
The α component of moment network voltage；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；
uβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency.
S3.4 obtains the rating formula of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter according to grid side complex power S；
Grid side complex power S calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: " * " indicates conjugation, eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαTo export electric current
α component；iβFor the β component for exporting electric current；P is active power, and q is reactive power.
Rating formula is obtained by formula 7, specifically,
Wherein, P (k) is tkMoment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；
S3.5, for three-phase equilibrium power grid, as sample frequency TsHigher season:
Formula 9 in formula 6 and step S3.5 in step S3.3 is substituted into the formula 8 of step S3.4, is obtained by S3.6
tk+1The power prediction model of moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter:
In formula, P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power predicted value；P(k)
For tkMoment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；eαIt (k) is tkThe α of moment network voltage points
Amount；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k) is tkMoment output
The β component of voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency.
S3.7 obtains t according to the formula 10 in step S3.5k+2Moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter and output voltage
UjRelated power prediction model；Specifically:
Wherein, uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is electricity
Sense；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency；P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power
Predicted value；P (k+2) is tk+2Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；eαFor power grid electricity
The α component of pressure；eβFor the β component of network voltage；
S4 calculates the predicted value of DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；
S4.1 obtains the KCL equation of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter DC side according to Kirchhoff's law；
Wherein, C is expressed as capacitance；Vdc2Indicate C2Voltage；Vdc1Indicate C1Voltage；SaFor the switch state value of a phase；
SbFor the switch state value of b phase；ScFor the switch state value of c phase, and Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be 1/2.
It is poor to obtain DC capacitor voltage according to step S4.1 by S4.2 are as follows:
S4.3 enables Δ V=Vdc2-Vdc1, it is obtained after carrying out discretization to formula 14:
Wherein, Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The predicted value of moment DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；Δ V (k) is tkMoment is straight
Flow the predicted value of side separation capacitance voltage difference；C is capacitance；TsFor sample frequency；
S5 constructs cost function g；
G=| pref-P(k+2)|+|qref-Q(k+2)|+λΔV(k+2) (16)；
Wherein, prefFor active power reference value, qrefFor reactive power reference qref, λ is weight coefficient；P (k+2) is tk+2
Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The separation of moment DC side
The predicted value of capacitance voltage difference；
S6, initialization give the comparison variable m of cost function g, and give comparison variable m and switch state SiAssign initial value；
S7 acquires network voltage ea、eb、ec, carry out Clark and convert to obtain the α component e of network voltageαWith β component eβ；It adopts
Collect the output electric current i of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage convertera、ib、icAnd it carries out Clark and converts to obtain two-way AC/DC converter output
The α component i of electric currentαWith β component iβ；
S8 calculates the output voltage of the two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under current switch states in conjunction with step S2 and S7
Uj；
S9 calculates the first time power prediction value of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in conjunction with step S3 and step S8；
S10 calculates second of power prediction of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in conjunction with step S3, step S8 and step S9
Value；
S11 calculates cost function g in conjunction with step S5 and step S10；
S12, the size of relative value function g and comparison variable m, and minimum value is assigned to comparison variable m；
S13, judges whether cycle-index reaches setting value, when cycle-index is less than setting value, changes switch state value,
Repeat step S7-S12；When cycle-index is equal to setting value, output voltage vector corresponding to minimum value function g is exported
Uj；Output voltage vector UjCorresponding switch state is applied to subsequent time, realizes direct Power Control.
The present invention by output power carry out two-staged prediction, calculate optimal voltage vector in advance, to algorithm be delayed into
Row effective compensation reduces the influence that delay on system performance generates.After compensation of delay is added, when sample frequency is higher, this hair
Bright control strategy can be substantially reduced power swing and reduce grid-connected current harmonic distortion.
And the present invention has good adaptivity and robustness, and does not need inner ring current control and PWM modulation, controls
Scheme is easy to accomplish, and output power waveform is steady, being capable of fault-tolerant continuous operation.The present invention uses the control of model prediction Direct Power
Two-way AC/DC converter can be realized between inversion and rectification mode in method processed, the numerical value by changing given active power
Flexible " seamless " switching, while control signal can be directly exported using the control method, it is modulated, is easy to without to PWM
It realizes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the two-way AC/DC converter failure tolerant structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the corresponding two-way AC/DC converter three-phase four of a phase fault switchs fault-tolerant architecture schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is model prediction direct Power Control structural system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that ideally there is no delay, algorithm implementation procedures.
Fig. 5 is in the presence of delay, but the algorithm implementation procedure without compensation of delay
Fig. 6 is that system carries out the algorithm calculating process after compensation of delay.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 3, a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method, steps are as follows:
Step S1 constructs the switch state S of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter fault modeli；
Wherein, i is the phase of AC network, and i ∈ (a, b, c)；I phase fault, there is Si=1/2；
S2 obtains the output voltage U of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under α β two-phase static coordinatejWith switch state Si's
Expression formula；
S2.1 obtains the output voltage and switch shape of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under abc three-phase static coordinate system
State SiCalculation formula, it is specific as follows:
Wherein, UdcFor DC bus-bar voltage, uanFor a phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ubnIt is two-way
The b phase output voltage of alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ucnFor the c phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；SaFor a phase
Switch state value；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；ScFor the switch state value of c phase；And Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be
1/2。
S2.2 carries out Clark transformation to the formula 2 in step S2.1, obtains two-way alternating current-direct current under α β two-phase static coordinate
Energy storage converter output voltage UjWith switch state SiExpression formula, it is specific as follows:
Wherein, uαFor the α component of output voltage；uβFor the β component of output voltage；Udc1For a separation capacitor of DC side
Voltage, Udc2For another separation capacitance voltage of DC side, SaFor the switch state value of a phase；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；
ScFor the switch state value of c phase, and Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be 1/2.
S3 constructs two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter and output voltage vector UjRelated power quadratic forecast model；
S3.1 obtains two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under abc three-phase static coordinate system according to Kirchhoff's law
State equation；
Wherein, uanFor a phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ubnFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
B phase output voltage；ucnFor the c phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；iaFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
A phase export electric current；ibB phase for two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter exports electric current；icFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
C phase exports electric current；eaFor power grid a phase voltage；ebFor power grid b phase voltage；ecFor power grid c phase voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance.
S3.2 carries out Clark transformation to the formula 4 in step S3.1, obtains the state equation under α β two-phase static coordinate:
In formula, L is inductance；R is resistance；eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαIt is two-way
The α component of the output electric current of alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；iβFor the β component of the output electric current of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；uα
For the α component of output voltage；uβFor the β component of output voltage.
S3.3 carries out discretization to the formula 5 in step S3.2, obtains two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in tk+1Moment
Predicted current:
In formula, iαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment output current forecasting value；iβIt (k+1) is tk+1It is pre- that moment exports electric current
The β component of measured value；iαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output electric current；iβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output electric current；eαIt (k) is tk
The α component of moment network voltage；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；
uβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency.
S3.4 obtains the rating formula of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter according to grid side complex power S；
Grid side complex power S calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: " * " indicates conjugation, eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαTo export electric current
α component；iβFor the β component for exporting electric current；P is active power, and q is reactive power.
Rating formula is obtained by formula 7, specifically,
Wherein, P (k) is tkMoment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；
S3.5, for three-phase equilibrium power grid, as sample frequency TsHigher season:
Formula 9 in formula 6 and step S3.5 in step S3.3 is substituted into the formula 8 of step S3.4, is obtained by S3.6
tk+1The power prediction model of moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter:
In formula, P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power predicted value；P(k)
For tkMoment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；eαIt (k) is tkThe α of moment network voltage points
Amount；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k) is tkMoment output
The β component of voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency.
S3.7 obtains t according to the formula 10 in step S3.5k+2Moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter and output voltage
UjRelated power prediction model；Specifically:
Wherein, uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is electricity
Sense；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency；P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power
Predicted value；P (k+2) is tk+2Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；eαFor power grid electricity
The α component of pressure；eβFor the β component of network voltage；
S4 calculates the predicted value of DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；
S4.1 obtains the KCL equation of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter DC side according to Kirchhoff's law；
Wherein, C indicates capacitance voltage；Vdc2Indicate C2Voltage；Vdc1Indicate C1Voltage；SaFor the switch state value of a phase；Sb
For the switch state value of b phase；ScFor the switch state value of c phase, and Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be 1/2.
It is poor to obtain DC capacitor voltage according to step S4.1 by S4.2 are as follows:
S4.3 enables Δ V=Vdc2-Vdc1, it is obtained after carrying out discretization to formula 14:
Wherein, Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The predicted value of moment DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；Δ V (k) is tkMoment is straight
Flow the predicted value of side separation capacitance voltage difference；C is capacitance；TsFor sample frequency；
S5 constructs cost function g；
G=| pref-P(k+2)|+|qref-Q(k+2)|+λΔV(k+2) (16)；
Wherein, prefFor active power reference value, qrefFor reactive power reference qref, λ is weight coefficient；P (k+2) is tk+2
Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The separation of moment DC side
The predicted value of capacitance voltage difference；
S6, initialization give the comparison variable m of cost function g, and give comparison variable m and switch state SiAssign initial value；
S7 acquires network voltage ea、eb、ec, carry out Clark and convert to obtain the α component e of network voltageαWith β component eβ；It adopts
Collect the output electric current i of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage convertera、ib、icAnd it carries out Clark and converts to obtain two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage transformation
The α component i of device output electric currentαWith β component iβ；
S8 calculates the output voltage of the two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under current switch states in conjunction with step S2 and S7
Uj；
S9 calculates the first time power prediction value of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in conjunction with step S3 and step S8；
S10 calculates second of power prediction of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in conjunction with step S3, step S8 and step S9
Value；
S11 calculates cost function g in conjunction with step S5 and step S10；
S12, the size of relative value function g and comparison variable m, and minimum value is assigned to comparison variable m；
S13, judges whether cycle-index reaches setting value, when cycle-index is less than setting value, changes switch state value,
Repeat step S7-S12；When cycle-index is equal to setting value, output voltage vector corresponding to minimum value function g is exported
Uj；Output voltage vector UjCorresponding switch state is applied to subsequent time, realizes direct Power Control.
It is illustrated below with an example.
Two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter fault-tolerant architecture by using 3 bidirectional thyristors as connection as shown in Figure 1, opened
It closes, three-phase is made to be connected with series capacitance midpoint.When normal work, bidirectional thyristor is in an off state.When a certain bridge arm, such as a
Phase bridge arm when short circuit or open-circuit fault occurs, disconnects the fastp-acting fuse (F being connected with the bridge arm1, F2), and trigger corresponding double
To thyristor TRaConducting, realizes fault-tolerant continuous work.Four switch converters of three-phase such as Fig. 2 after reconstruct.
Define the switch state S of four switch two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter of three-phasei(i=b, c) is as follows:
The then relationship of output voltage and switch state are as follows:
In formula: Udc1, Udc2Respectively DC side separates capacitance voltage.
Define space vector of voltage U are as follows:
In formula: a=ej2π/3。
Uα、UβTwo-phase static coordinate downconverter output voltage can convert to obtain with switch state by clark
The component of voltage U of two-phase stationary coordinate system is obtained according to coordinate transformαAnd Uβ, relationship such as table 1 with switch state.
Table 1
Fig. 2 is the bidirectional energy-storage transformer configuration rebuild after a phase bridge arm failure, passes through filter inductance L, line resistance
R is connected with power grid, the DC side capacitor C equal by a pair of of capacitance1And C2Composition.
The conversion of energy storage converter electric energy includes rectification mode and inverter mode, by taking inverter mode as an example,
According to Kirchhoff's law, state of the two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under abc three-phase static coordinate system is obtained
Equation；
Wherein, uanFor a phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ubnFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
B phase output voltage；ucnFor the c phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；iaFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
A phase export electric current；ibB phase for two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter exports electric current；icFor two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
C phase exports electric current；eaFor power grid a phase voltage；ebFor power grid b phase voltage；ecFor power grid c phase voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance.
Clark transformation is carried out to formula 4, obtains the state equation under α β two-phase static coordinate:
In formula, L is inductance；R is resistance；eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαIt is two-way
The α component of the output electric current of alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；iβFor the β component of the output electric current of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；uα
For the α component of output voltage；uβFor the β component of output voltage.
Discretization is carried out to formula 5, obtains two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in tk+1Moment predicted current:
In formula, iαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment output current forecasting value；iβIt (k+1) is tk+1It is pre- that moment exports electric current
The β component of measured value；iαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output electric current；iβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output electric current；eαIt (k) is tk
The α component of moment network voltage；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；
uβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency.
According to grid side complex power S, the rating formula of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter is obtained；
Grid side complex power S calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: " * " indicates conjugation, eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαTo export electric current
α component；iβFor the β component for exporting electric current；P is active power, and q is reactive power.
Rating formula is obtained by formula 7, specifically,
Wherein, P (k) is tkMoment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；
For three-phase equilibrium power grid, as sample frequency TsHigher season:
Formula 6 and formula 9 are substituted into formula 8, t is obtainedk+1The power prediction mould of moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
Type:
In formula, P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power predicted value；P(k)
For tkMoment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；eαIt (k) is tkThe α of moment network voltage points
Amount；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k) is tkMoment output
The β component of voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency.
T is obtained according to formula 10k+2Moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter and output voltage UjRelated power prediction mould
Type；Specifically:
Wherein, uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is electricity
Sense；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency；P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power
Predicted value；P (k+2) is tk+2Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；eαFor power grid electricity
The α component of pressure；eβFor the β component of network voltage；
When a phase bridge arm breaks down, Sb、ScRespectively two bridge arm switch state of B, C writes the side KCL to DC side column in Fig. 2
Journey；
Wherein, C indicates capacitance；Vdc2Indicate C2Voltage；Vdc1Indicate C1Voltage；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；Sc
For the switch state value of c phase.
And then it is poor to obtain DC capacitor voltage are as follows:
Enable Δ V=Vdc2-Vdc1, it is obtained after carrying out discretization to formula 14:
Wherein, Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The predicted value of moment DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；Δ V (k) is tkMoment is straight
Flow the predicted value of side separation capacitance voltage difference；C is capacitance；TsFor sample frequency；
Failure tolerant Pressure and Control system structure such as Fig. 3.Acquire network voltage, electric current ea、eb、ec、ia、ib、ic、Udc1、
Udc2, convert to obtain e by Clarkα、eβ、iα、iβ, T is isolating transformer.Power prediction model output power predicted value P (k+
And Q (k+2) 2).Voltage vector is assessed by the cost function g of construction, selection makes the smallest switch state S of cost functionb、Sc,
Applied to tk+1Moment realizes fault-tolerant Pressure and Control.By changing power given value, switching reversible transducer work in inversion or
Rectification mode.
The cost function g constructed is；
G=| pref-P(k+2)|+|qref-Q(k+2)|+λΔV(k+2) (16)；
Wherein, prefFor active power reference value, qrefFor reactive power reference qref, λ is weight coefficient；P (k+2) is tk+2
Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The separation of moment DC side
The predicted value of capacitance voltage difference.
In the present invention, to improve control system performance, delay is compensated using two-staged prediction method.Fig. 4 is ideal
There is no delay, the calculating process of algorithm under state.In tkAfter instance sample, tk+1Moment calculated optimized switch state is just
It is good to be applied.
Algorithm is executed in real system can generate delay, and Fig. 5 is there is delay, but calculate without the algorithm of compensation of delay
Process.In tkIt, will be in t after instance sample1Continue in period using tkThe switch state at moment, until calculating optimized switch
After state, pwm control signal just will be updated.Therefore, there is t1After period delay, the switch state choosing of subsequent time will affect
It selects.Fig. 6 is that system carries out the algorithm calculating process after compensation of delay.tkInstance sample simultaneously applies current time switch state, tk+1
Moment performance number is estimated to obtain using formula 10.Then, the beginning as the prediction of all switch states, to tk+2Moment
Power is predicted that selecting makes the smallest switch state of cost function, to subsequent time application.With addition of tk+1Moment
Power budget, but every time after sampling can application switch state at once, compared to no-delay compensation, first sampling is calculated, rear with opening
The strategy of off status has preferably control timeliness, the less delay of application switch state.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
Step S1 constructs the switch state S of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter fault modeli；
Wherein, i is the phase of AC network, and i ∈ (a, b, c)；I phase fault, there is Si=1/2；
S2 obtains the output voltage U of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under α β two-phase static coordinatejWith switch state SiExpression
Formula；
It is specific as follows:
Wherein, uαFor the α component of output voltage；uβFor the β component of output voltage；uanFor a phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
Output voltage；ubnFor the b phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ucnFor the c phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
Output voltage；UdcFor the capacitance voltage of DC side, SaFor the switch state value of a phase；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；ScFor c phase
Switch state value, and Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be 1/2；
S3 constructs two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter and output voltage vector UjRelated power quadratic forecast model；
Power quadratic forecast model is specific as follows:
In formula, P (k+2) is tk+2Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；iα(k+1) it is
tk+1The α component of moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter output electric current；iβIt (k+1) is tk+1Moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage transformation
The β component of device output electric current；uαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter output voltage；uβ(k+1)
For tk+1The β component of moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter output voltage；eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor network voltage
β component；P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power predicted value；TsFor sampling
Frequency；L is inductance；R is resistance；
S4 calculates the predicted value of DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；Specifically:
Wherein, Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The predicted value of moment DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；Δ V (k) is tkMoment DC side
Separate the predicted value of capacitance voltage difference；C indicates capacitance；TsFor sample frequency；iaIt (k) is tkMoment two-way alternating current-direct current storage
The a phase of energy converter exports electric current；ia(k+1) electric current t is exported for a phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converterk+1Moment prediction
Value；ibIt (k) is tkThe moment b phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter exports electric current；ib(k+1) it is converted for two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage
The b phase of device exports electric current tk+1Moment predicted value；icIt (k) is tkThe moment c phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter exports electric current；ic
(k+1) electric current t is exported for the c phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converterk+1Moment predicted value；
S5 constructs cost function g；
G=| pref-P(k+2)|+|qref-Q(k+2)|+λΔV(k+2) (16)；
Wherein, prefFor active power reference value, qrefFor reactive power reference qref, λ is weight coefficient；P (k+2) is tk+2Moment
Active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；Δ V (k+2) is tk+2Moment DC side separates capacitor
The predicted value of voltage difference；
S6, initialization give the comparison variable m of cost function g, and give comparison variable m and switch state SiAssign initial value；
S7 acquires network voltage ea、eb、ec, carry out Clark and convert to obtain the α component e of network voltageαWith β component eβ；Acquisition is double
To the output electric current i of alternating current-direct current energy storage convertera、ib、icAnd it carries out Clark and converts to obtain two-way AC/DC converter output electric current
α component iαWith β component iβ；
S8 calculates the output voltage U of the two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under current switch states in conjunction with step S2 and S7j；
S9 calculates the first time power prediction value of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in conjunction with step S3 and step S8；
S10 calculates second of power prediction value of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in conjunction with step S3, step S8 and step S9；
S11 calculates cost function g in conjunction with step S5 and step S10；
S12, the size of relative value function g and comparison variable m, and minimum value is assigned to comparison variable m；
S13, judges whether cycle-index reaches setting value, when cycle-index is less than setting value, changes switch state value, repeats
Step S7-S12；When cycle-index is equal to setting value, output voltage vector U corresponding to minimum value function g is exportedj；It is defeated
Voltage vector U outjCorresponding switch state is applied to subsequent time, realizes direct Power Control.
2. a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method according to claim 1, feature
Be: in step s 2, specific step is as follows,
S2.1 obtains the output voltage and switch state S of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under abc three-phase static coordinate systemi
Calculation formula, it is specific as follows:
Wherein, UdcFor DC bus-bar voltage, uanFor a phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ubnIt is straight for two-way friendship
Flow the b phase output voltage of energy storage converter；ucnFor the c phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；SaFor the switch of a phase
State value；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；ScFor the switch state value of c phase；And Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be 1/2；
S2.2 carries out Clark transformation to the formula 2 in step S2.1, obtains two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage under α β two-phase static coordinate
Converter output voltage UjWith switch state SiExpression formula, it is specific as follows:
Wherein, uαFor the α component of output voltage；uβFor the β component of output voltage；uanFor a phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
Output voltage；ubnFor the b phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ucnFor the c phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
Output voltage；UdcFor the capacitance voltage of DC side, SaFor the switch state value of a phase；SbFor the switch state value of b phase；ScFor c phase
Switch state value, and Sa、SbAnd ScIn one and only one be 1/2.
3. a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method according to claim 1, feature
Be: in step s3, specific step is as follows,
S3.1 obtains state of the two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter under abc three-phase static coordinate system according to Kirchhoff's law
Equation；
Wherein, uanFor a phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；ubnFor the b phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
Output voltage；ucnFor the c phase output voltage of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；iaFor a phase of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter
Export electric current；ibB phase for two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter exports electric current；icC phase for two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter is defeated
Electric current out；eaFor power grid a phase voltage；ebFor power grid b phase voltage；ecFor power grid c phase voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；
S3.2 carries out Clark transformation to the formula 4 in step S3.1, obtains the state equation under α β two-phase static coordinate:
In formula, L is inductance；R is resistance；eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαIt is straight for two-way friendship
Flow the α component of the output electric current of energy storage converter；iβFor the β component of the output electric current of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter；uαIt is defeated
The α component of voltage out；uβFor the β component of output voltage；
S3.3 carries out discretization to the formula 5 in step S3.2, obtains two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter in tk+1Moment prediction
Electric current:
In formula, iαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment output current forecasting value；iβIt (k+1) is tk+1Moment exports current forecasting value
β component；iαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output electric current；iβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output electric current；eαIt (k) is tkMoment
The α component of network voltage；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβ(k)
For tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is inductance；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency；
S3.4 obtains the rating formula of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter according to grid side complex power S；
Grid side complex power S calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: " * " indicates conjugation, eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαFor α points for exporting electric current
Amount；iβFor the β component for exporting electric current；P is active power, and q is reactive power；
Rating formula is obtained by formula 7, specifically,
Wherein, P (k) is tkMoment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；iαIt (k) is tkMoment is defeated
The α component of electric current out；iβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output electric current；
S3.5, for three-phase equilibrium power grid, as sample frequency TsHigher season:
eαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment network voltage；eβIt (k+1) is tk+1The β component of moment network voltage；eαIt (k) is tkWhen
Carve the α component of network voltage；eβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment network voltage；
Formula 9 in formula 6 and step S3.5 in step S3.3 is substituted into the formula 8 of step S3.4, obtains t by S3.6k+1
The power prediction model of moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter:
In formula, P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power predicted value；P (k) is tk
Moment active power predicted value；Q (k) is tkMoment reactive power predicted value；eαFor the α component of network voltage；eβFor network voltage
β component；uαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output voltage；L is inductance；R is
Resistance；TsFor sample frequency；iαIt (k) is tkThe α component of moment output electric current；iβIt (k) is tkThe β component of moment output electric current；
S3.7 obtains t according to the formula 10 in step S3.6k+2Moment two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter and output voltage UjIt is related
Power prediction model；Specifically:
Wherein, uαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment output voltage；uβIt (k+1) is tk+1The β component of moment output voltage；L is electricity
Sense；R is resistance；TsFor sample frequency；P (k+1) is tk+1Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+1) is tk+1Moment reactive power
Predicted value；P (k+2) is tk+2Moment active power predicted value；Q (k+2) is tk+2Moment reactive power predicted value；eαFor power grid electricity
The α component of pressure；eβFor the β component of network voltage；iαIt (k+1) is tk+1The α component of moment output current forecasting value；iβ(k+1) it is
tk+1The β component of moment output current forecasting value.
4. a kind of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter failure tolerant pressure equalizing control method according to claim 1, feature
It is: in step s 4, the specific steps are,
S4.1 obtains the KCL equation of two-way alternating current-direct current energy storage converter DC side according to Kirchhoff's law；
Wherein, C indicates capacitance；Vdc2Indicate C2Voltage；Vdc1Indicate C1Voltage；SaFor the switch state value of a phase；SbFor b phase
Switch state value；ScFor the switch state value of c phase；
It is poor to obtain DC capacitor voltage according to step S4.1 by S4.2 are as follows:
S4.3 enables Δ V=Vdc2-Vdc1, it is obtained after carrying out discretization to formula 14:
Wherein, Δ V (k+2) is tk+2The predicted value of moment DC side separation capacitance voltage difference；Δ V (k) is tkMoment DC side
Separate the predicted value of capacitance voltage difference；C indicates capacitance；TsFor sample frequency；iaIt (k+1) is a phase tk+1Moment output electricity
Flow predicted value；ibIt (k+1) is b phase tk+1Moment exports current forecasting value；icIt (k+1) is c phase tk+1Moment exports current forecasting value；
iaIt (k) is a phase tkMoment exports current forecasting value；ibIt (k) is b phase tkMoment exports current forecasting value；icIt (k) is c phase tkMoment
Export current forecasting value.
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