CN107039123B - Device and method for preparing carbon-coated aluminum foil by electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing carbon-coated aluminum foil by electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment and film preparation, in particular to a device and a method for preparing a carbon-coated aluminum foil by using an electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology. Comprises a transmission device, a cleaning and drying device, a detection unit, a laser unit, a coating unit, a computer and a machine body; the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit are sequentially arranged on the machine body, and the computer is connected with and controls the transmission device, the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit through cables. According to the invention, the graphene and the carbon powder are uniformly mixed, a layer of carbon powder is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum foil by using the electrostatic principle, the production efficiency is improved by accurately controlling the carbon coating process, the production cost is reduced, the carbon layer on the surface of the aluminum foil is uniformly and compactly distributed, the carbon powder is uniform and consistent in thickness, and the carbon coating layer is more tightly combined with the aluminum foil substrate, so that the carbon-coated aluminum foil material with good conductivity, good strength and toughness and large capacity is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment and film preparation, in particular to a device and a method for preparing a carbon-coated aluminum foil by using an electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology.
Background
It is known that an aluminum foil product having excellent properties can be obtained by rolling a cast aluminum ingot, and the use thereof is widely applied to various fields such as food, beverage, cigarette, medicine, photographic plate, household daily necessities, and the like according to the use environment, human needs, special requirements, and the like, and is one of materials indispensable to human life. Particularly in the field of batteries and capacitors, the positive and negative electrode materials with excellent performance are obtained after the optical foil processed by high-purity aluminum is subjected to corrosion formation or surface coating, and the application is very common.
Electrode foils have been popularized and industrialized as main anode and cathode materials of batteries and electrolytic capacitors, and are developed towards high capacity and large storage at present, and the key factor influencing the performance of the electrode foils is the number and depth of corroded surface cavities, and the development of the electrode foils is always restricted in consideration of the phenomena that perforation short circuit and the like are possibly caused by different currents flowing through aluminum foils. The carbon-coated aluminum foil applied to batteries and capacitors is a hot development material in the industry at present, the preparation method and the process of the carbon-coated aluminum foil are continuously improved and innovated, and the traditional preparation process of the carbon-coated aluminum foil mainly comprises the following main steps: firstly, rolling, annealing, surface treatment and the like are carried out on high-purity aluminum to obtain optical foils with different thickness requirements; secondly, obtaining a carbon-coated aluminum foil through a coating process; finally, the product meeting the technical requirements is obtained through post-treatment.
The carbon-coated aluminum foil is characterized in that dispersed nano particles with good conductivity such as C particles and graphite are uniformly coated or adhered on the surface of a matrix through a coating process, so that micro current generated by gathering effective substance particles is provided while good static conductivity is provided, contact resistance is greatly reduced, adhesion capacity between the C particles and the graphite is improved, the usage amount of a binder is reduced, and further the overall performance of the battery is remarkably improved. In the industry, related products of carbon-coated aluminum foils are gradually developing and innovated, for example, shandong Seiko electronic technology limited company discloses a rate cycle improved lithium iron phosphate battery and a preparation method thereof (application number: CN 104577012A), and the carbon-coated foil can greatly reduce the contact internal resistance between a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material and a current collector, improve the adhesion between the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material, and effectively improve the rate discharge performance of the materials. Northern reason workers Deng Longzheng and the like analyze the performance of the carbon-coated aluminum foil, and find that compared with the use of a common aluminum foil as a current collector, the use of the carbon-coated aluminum foil can reduce the internal resistance of the battery by about 65%, improve the capacity by about 15%, increase the platform by 0.3-0.4V under the discharge rate of 10C, and improve the normal-temperature self-discharge rate and the capacity recovery rate of the battery cell using the carbon-coated aluminum foil, but the use of the carbon-coated aluminum foil does not improve the low-temperature performance of the battery in the aspect of low-temperature performance.
In view of the defects of the carbon-coated aluminum foil, such as poor conductivity, insufficient material strength, unstable performance or no obvious improvement of performance indexes of the carbon-coated aluminum foil at low temperature, and the like, new coating materials have been developed in recent years, and graphene with two-dimensional crystal structure characteristics has become a hot spot and a focus of research due to the advantages of good conductivity, low resistivity, high strength, toughness and the like. With the gradual breakthrough of mass production and large-size problems, the industrial application of graphene is accelerating, and based on existing research results, the fields where the commercial application is first implemented may be the fields of mobile devices, aerospace and new energy batteries.
In recent years, researchers at the university of california los angeles in the united states have developed a graphene-based micro supercapacitor that is not only compact, but also charges 1000 times faster than a conventional battery, can charge cellular phones and even automobiles in seconds, and can be used to manufacture devices with a smaller volume. The breakthrough of the micro graphene super capacitor technology can be said to bring revolutionary development to the battery. The current method of mainly manufacturing micro capacitors is a lithography technique, which requires a great deal of manpower and cost, and hinders commercial application of the product.
At present, the conventional coating process and grid coating method are generally used for carbon-coated aluminum foils, how to combine graphene with a substrate in the form of a coating and enable the composite material to have excellent performance is also a focus and a technical problem of research in the present year, and although the graphene capacitor developed in the U.S. and the like is rudimental, the graphene capacitor is far away from industrialization, and related technologies of graphene coating are not specifically and thoroughly described or disclosed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for preparing a carbon-coated aluminum foil by using an electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for preparing a carbon-coated aluminum foil by using an electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology comprises a conveying device, a cleaning and drying device, a detection unit, a laser unit, a coating unit, a computer and a machine body; the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit are sequentially arranged in the transmission direction of the conveying device, the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit are arranged on the machine body, and the computer is connected with the conveying device, the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit through cables and controls the conveying device, the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit.
The cleaning and drying device comprises an automatic aluminum foil brush, a cleaning device and a drying and mist absorbing device; the cleaning device is arranged on a transmission shaft of the conveying device and is provided with a spraying device, and the spraying device is positioned at the rear part of the automatic aluminum foil brush; the automatic aluminum foil brush is connected with a computer through a cable, and the computer adjusts the distance between the roller brush handle and the aluminum foil according to the amount of oil stains and impurities attached to the surface of the aluminum foil, and adjusts the brushing force and the brushing speed.
The detection unit is provided with a feeding detector, the feeding detector is provided with a prism, and the prism is connected with the computer and the laser unit through cables. The laser unit is provided with a laser scanner, and the laser scanner is connected with a computer through a cable. The coating unit is sequentially provided with a photosensitive roller, a storage roller drum, a charging roller and a fixing roller from left to right; the storage roller drum is provided with a carbon powder cavity and a carbon powder pipe, the graphene and the carbon powder are placed in the carbon powder cavity, and the carbon powder is uniformly sprayed out through the carbon powder pipe at the lower part of the carbon powder cavity.
A method for preparing a carbon-coated aluminum foil by using an electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of graphene and carbon powder: taking graphene powder with the granularity of 20-50 nm and carbon powder with the granularity of 1-2 mu m as raw materials; respectively putting the graphene powder and the carbon powder into a vacuum soaking furnace for heating treatment, matching 8-12 thermocouples at the upper, lower, left and right sides and the middle of the vacuum soaking furnace, heating to 50-80 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min under the vacuum degree of 0.8-1.2 kPa, and preserving heat for 5-10 h.
(2) Loading treatment: mixing graphene and carbon powder according to the ratio of (0.8-1.2): (3.5-4.3) putting the mixture into a mixing tank with the volume of 500-800 ml, and vacuumizing the mixing tank with the vacuum degree of 1-2 MPa; starting a mixer, wherein the vibration frequency of the mixer is 300-500 Hz, the rotating speed is 1800-2500r/min, the mixing time is 10-20min, and the temperature of a mixing tank is kept to be less than or equal to 80-100 ℃; after the mixing is finished, the mixed powder is filled into a storage roller drum coated with the metallic selenium through an automatic filling device, and meanwhile, the storage roller drum is loaded on a coating unit to prepare coating.
(3) And (3) processing and detecting the aluminum foil substrate: the width of the plain foil is 800-1200 cm, the thickness is 10-100 μm, and the aluminum foil roll is placed in an aluminum foil roll groove; firstly, uncoiling an aluminum foil coil by an uncoiler at the uncoiling speed of 10-15m/min, and conveying the uncoiled aluminum foil coil to a cleaning and drying device by a transmission device; cleaning the aluminum foil to be coated with carbon by an automatic aluminum foil brush, wherein the height of a roller brush handle from the optical foil is 0.1-1.5 cm, and the distance of a brush from the optical foil is 0.01-1.0 cm; cleaning the surface of the aluminum foil by a cleaning device, wherein the spraying liquid is an aqueous cleaning liquid consisting of ethanol, deionized water and a surfactant, and the spraying flow is 70-200ml/min; conveying the sprayed aluminum foil to a drying and fog-absorbing device by a conveying device, wherein the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃, and the blowing-up flow rate is 1-2 l/min; conveying the treated aluminum foil substrate to a coating unit through a conveying device;
(4) Laser adsorption spraying: keeping the temperature of various rollers of the coating unit at 70-90 ℃, firstly inputting the size and shape parameters of the optical foil to be coated into a computer, completing a design drawing of the product by the aid of drawing software, and simultaneously placing the processed optical foil into a coating suction inlet; the photosensitive drum is charged through the electrode wires, the photoconductive material can be cadmium sulfide (CdS), selenium-arsenic (Se-As) or organic photoconductive material (OPC), and the charging and discharging time is 5-120 s.
The prism of detecting element detects that the aluminium foil gets into behind the coating entry gives computer host computer module with signal transfer, and laser scanner launches the laser beam, and the laser beam light source is: he-Ne (He-Ne) gas lasers emit laser beams of 632.8nm or the GaAs-GaAlAs (GaAs-GaAlAs) series, typically near infrared light, 780nm.
Irradiating laser beams on the aluminum foil substrate to enable the surface of the aluminum foil substrate to be positively charged; meanwhile, laser beams are reflected to a carbon powder cavity filled with graphene and carbon powder, so that the carbon powder mixture is charged with equal negative charges, and due to mutual attraction of opposite charges, the carbon powder is uniformly sprayed out through a carbon powder pipe at the lower part of the carbon powder cavity and is uniformly and compactly coated on the surface of an aluminum foil substrate.
The feeding speed of the aluminum foil is slowly adjusted by a computer to be 10-5 m/min, and the aluminum foil is matched with 15% -30% of nano carbon powder graphite mixture, so that the thickness of the carbon powder on the surface of the aluminum foil can be controlled to be thinner, the uniform thickness distribution of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the aluminum foil can be ensured, the aluminum foil is tightly combined with the carbon powder, and the conductivity of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is greatly improved.
(5) Post-treatment and performance index requirements: putting the coated aluminum foil into a normal-temperature soaking furnace, heating to 150-200 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 h; the thickness of the coated graphene and carbon powder coating is 20-30 nm, the thickness difference is 0.2-0.4%, and the flatness is 15-20 mu m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The device is an automatic device, and can automatically finish the production of the carbon-coated aluminum foil, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and reducing the processing cost;
2) In the pretreatment stage before carbon coating, an automatic aluminum foil brush is adopted, the force and the speed of the brush are adjusted according to the surface state of the aluminum foil, and oil contamination impurities on the surface of the aluminum foil are removed, so that the surface quality of the aluminum foil is improved, and the coatability is improved;
3) When the aluminum foil enters the coating unit, the feeding detector is arranged, and after the aluminum foil is detected to enter, signals are rapidly transmitted to the laser unit to prompt the laser unit to emit laser beams, so that the whole process is short in time consumption, and the production efficiency is improved;
4) According to the invention, the mixture of nano carbon powder particles and graphite in a certain proportion is used as a coating raw material, so that the uniformity and compactness of the carbon powder distribution on the surface of the aluminum foil after carbon coating are ensured, and the adsorbability of the carbon powder on the surface of the aluminum foil is enhanced;
5) The invention adopts the nano carbon powder cavity, the bottom of the cavity body is composed of a plurality of micron-sized carbon powder tubes, the uniform outflow of the carbon powder from the bottom of the cavity body is ensured, the thickness of the carbon powder on the surface of the aluminum foil is uniform, and the electrical conductivity of the aluminum foil is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-conveying device 2-cleaning and drying device 3-detection unit 4-laser unit 5-coating unit 6-computer 7-machine body 8-automatic aluminum foil brush 9-cleaning device 10-drying and fog-absorbing device 11-spraying device 12-prism 13-feeding detector 14-laser scanner 15-photosensitive roller 16-storage roller drum 17-charging roller 18-fixing roller 19-carbon powder cavity 20-carbon powder pipe
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a device for preparing a carbon-coated aluminum foil by using an electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology includes a conveying device 1, a cleaning and drying device 2, a detection unit 3, a laser unit 4, a coating unit 5, a computer 6, and a machine body 7. The conveying device 1 is sequentially provided with a cleaning and drying device 2, a detection unit 3, a laser unit 4 and a coating unit 5 in the conveying direction, and the cleaning and drying device 2, the detection unit 3, the laser unit 4 and the coating unit 5 are arranged on the machine body. The computer 6 is connected with and controls the conveying device 1, the cleaning and drying device 2, the detection unit 3, the laser unit 4 and the coating unit 5 through cables.
The aluminum foil coil is placed in an aluminum foil coil roller groove, the aluminum foil coil is uncoiled through an uncoiler at the uncoiling speed of 10-15m/min, and the uncoiled aluminum foil is sequentially conveyed to a cleaning and drying device 2, a detection unit 3, a laser unit 4 and a coating unit 5 through a transmission device 1.
The cleaning and drying device 2 comprises an automatic aluminum foil brush 8, a cleaning device 9 and a drying and mist absorbing device 10. The cleaning device 9 is arranged on a transmission shaft of the conveying device 1, the cleaning device 9 is provided with a spraying device 11, and the spraying device 11 is positioned at the rear part of the automatic aluminum foil brush 8. The automatic aluminum foil brush 8 is connected with the computer 6 through a cable, and the computer 6 adjusts the distance between the roller brush handle and the aluminum foil according to the amount of oil stains and impurities attached to the surface of the aluminum foil, and adjusts the brushing force and the brushing speed.
The detection unit 3 is provided with a feeding detector 13, the feeding detector 13 is provided with a prism 12, and the prism 12 is connected with the computer 6 and the laser unit 4 through cables. The laser unit 4 is provided with a laser scanner 14, which laser scanner 14 is connected to the computer 6 by means of a cable. The coating unit 5 is provided with a photosensitive roller 15, a storage roller drum 16, a charging roller 17, and a fixing roller 18 in this order from left to right. The storage roller drum 16 is provided with a carbon powder cavity 19 and a carbon powder tube 20, the graphene and the carbon powder are placed in the carbon powder cavity 19, and the carbon powder is uniformly sprayed out through the carbon powder tube 20 at the lower part of the carbon powder cavity 19.
As shown in fig. 2, a method for preparing a carbon-coated aluminum foil by using an electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of graphene and carbon powder: taking graphene powder with the granularity of 20-50 nm and carbon powder with the granularity of 1-2 mu m as raw materials; respectively putting the graphene powder and the carbon powder into a vacuum soaking furnace for heating treatment, matching 8-12 thermocouples at the upper, lower, left and right sides and the middle of the vacuum soaking furnace, heating to 50-80 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min under the vacuum degree of 0.8-1.2 kPa, and preserving heat for 5-10 h.
(2) Loading treatment: graphene and carbon powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of (0.8-1.2): (3.5-4.3) putting the mixture into a mixing tank with the volume of 500-800 ml, and vacuumizing the mixing tank with the vacuum degree of 1-2 MPa; starting a mixer, wherein the vibration frequency of the mixer is 300-500 Hz, the rotating speed is 1800-2500r/min, the mixing time is 10-20min, and the temperature of a mixing tank is kept to be less than or equal to 80-100 ℃; after the mixing is finished, the mixed powder is loaded into the selenium metal coated accumulator roller drum 16 by an automatic filling device, and the accumulator roller drum 16 is loaded on the coating unit 5 to prepare for coating.
(3) And (3) processing and detecting the aluminum foil substrate: the width of the optical foil is 800-1200 cm, and the thickness is 10-100 μm; the aluminum foil coil is placed in an aluminum foil coil roller groove, the aluminum foil coil is uncoiled through an uncoiler at the uncoiling speed of 10-15m/min, and the uncoiled aluminum foil coil is conveyed to a cleaning and drying device 2 through a transmission device 1.
The aluminum foil to be coated with carbon is cleaned by an automatic aluminum foil brush 8, the roller brush is a wool fabric body, the height of the roller brush from the optical foil is adjusted to be 0.1-1.5 cm according to the quantity of oil stains and impurities attached to the surface of the aluminum foil, and the distance of the brush from the optical foil is adjusted to be 0.01-1.0 cm. According to the surface state of the aluminum foil, the force and the speed of the brush are adjusted, oil contamination impurities on the surface of the aluminum foil are removed, the surface quality of the aluminum foil is improved, and the coatability is improved.
Cleaning the surface of the aluminum foil by a cleaning device 9 on a transmission shaft, wherein a spraying device 11 is positioned at the rear part of the roller brush, spraying liquid is aqueous cleaning liquid consisting of ethanol, deionized water and a surfactant, and the spraying flow is 70-200ml/min; conveying the sprayed aluminum foil from the conveying device 1 to a drying and mist absorbing device 10, wherein the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃, and the blowing flow rate is 1-2 l/min; conveying the treated aluminum foil substrate to a coating unit 5 by a conveying device 1;
(4) Laser adsorption spraying: keeping the temperature of various rollers of the coating unit 5 at 70-90 ℃, firstly inputting the size and shape parameters of the optical foil to be coated into a computer 6, completing a design drawing for shaping the product with the assistance of drawing software, and simultaneously putting the processed optical foil into a coating inlet; the photosensitive drum 15 is charged by electrode wires, the photoconductive material can be cadmium sulfide (CdS), selenium-arsenic (Se-As) or organic photoconductive material (OPC), and the charging and discharging time is 5-120 s.
The detection unit 3 detects that the aluminum foil substrate enters the coating inlet and then transmits a signal to the host module of the computer 6, the laser scanner 14 emits a laser beam, and the laser beam source is as follows: helium-neon (He-Ne) gas lasers, having a wavelength of 632.8nm or the GaAs-GaAlAs (GaAs-GaAlAs) series, emit laser beams generally in the form of near infrared light having a wavelength of 780nm.
Irradiating laser beams on the aluminum foil to enable the surface of the aluminum foil to have positive charges; meanwhile, laser beams are reflected into a carbon powder cavity 19 filled with graphene and carbon powder, so that a carbon powder mixture is provided with equal negative charges, and due to mutual attraction of opposite charges, the carbon powder is uniformly sprayed out through a carbon powder pipe 20 at the lower part of the carbon powder cavity 19 and uniformly and compactly coated on the surface of an aluminum foil.
The feeding speed of the aluminum foil is slowly adjusted by the computer 6 to be 10-15m/min, and the aluminum foil is matched with 15% -30% of nano carbon powder graphite mixture, so that the thickness of the carbon powder on the surface of the aluminum foil can be controlled to be thinner, the uniform thickness distribution of the carbon powder particles on the surface of the aluminum foil can be ensured, the aluminum foil is tightly combined with the carbon powder, and the conductivity of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is greatly improved.
(5) Post-treatment and performance index requirements: putting the coated aluminum foil into a normal-temperature soaking furnace, heating to 150-200 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 h; the thickness of the coated graphene and carbon powder coating is 20-30 nm, the thickness difference is 0.2-0.4%, and the flatness is 15-20 mu m.
Example 1:
the matrix is high-purity aluminum foil, and the specification of the aluminum foil is as follows: length 400cm, width 800cm and thickness 10 microns. The method for preparing the carbon-coated aluminum foil by adopting the electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of graphene and carbon powder:
processing graphene into powder with the granularity of 20nm, selecting 1-micron graphite carbon powder as a raw material, respectively putting the graphene powder and the carbon powder into a vacuum soaking furnace for heating treatment, wherein 8 thermocouples are arranged at the upper part, the lower part, the left part, the right part and the middle part of the vacuum soaking furnace, the vacuum degree is 0.8KPa, heating to 50 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 5 hours for later use.
(2) Loading treatment:
the volume of the mixing tank is 500mL, the graphene and the carbon powder are filled into the tank according to the mass ratio of 0.8. The mixer is started, the vibration frequency of the mixer is 300 Hz, the rotation speed of the mixer is 1800 rpm, the mixing time is 10min, the temperature of the mixing tank is kept to be not higher than 80 ℃, after the mixing is finished, the mixed powder is filled into the storage roller drum 16 coated with the metallic selenium by adopting an automatic filling device, and meanwhile, the storage roller drum is loaded on the coating unit 5 to prepare for coating.
(3) Treatment and detection of aluminum foil substrates
The size of the optical foil is not limited in length, the width is 800cm, and the thickness of the optical foil is 10 μm. An aluminum foil roll is positioned in an aluminum foil roll groove, firstly, an aluminum foil is transmitted into main equipment through an uncoiler, the uncoiling speed of the uncoiler is 10m/min, the uncoiled aluminum foil is transmitted to a cleaning and drying device 2 through a transmission device 6, firstly, an automatic aluminum foil brush 8 is used for cleaning an aluminum foil to be carbon-coated, the working condition of the aluminum foil brush is adjusted according to the actual condition of the surface of the aluminum foil, the roller brush is a wool fabric, the height of a rolling brush handle from the aluminum foil is 0.1cm, the distance of a brush from the aluminum foil is 0.01cm, the cleaning device 9 on a transmission shaft is used for cleaning the surface of the aluminum foil, a spraying device 11 is positioned near the rolling brush, spraying liquid is aqueous cleaning liquid consisting of common reagents such as ethanol, deionized water, a surfactant and the like, the spraying flow is 70mL/min, the sprayed aluminum foil enters a drying and mist absorbing device 10 under the driving of a transmission device 6 conveyor belt, the drying temperature is 50 ℃, the blowing flow rate is 1L/min, and the aluminum foil substrate subjected to the carbon-coated unit 5 after the previous treatment is transmitted through a transmission device 1.
(4) Laser adsorption spraying
Turning on the power supply of the spraying equipment, keeping the temperature of various rollers at 70 ℃, firstly inputting parameters such as the size, the shape and the like of a product to be coated on a computer 6, wherein the size and the length of the optical foil are not limited, the width is 800cm, the thickness of the optical foil is 10 mu m, completing the design drawing of the product by the aid of a CAD computer, and simultaneously putting the prepared optical foil into a suction coating inlet. The photosensitive drum 15 (the photoconductive material is cadmium sulfide (CdS)) is charged through an electrode wire, the charging discharge time is 5-120 seconds, the prism 12 detects the entering of the aluminum foil and transmits signals to a host module of the computer 6, a laser beam (the light source is a helium-neon (He-Ne) gas laser with the wavelength of 632.8 nm) emitted by the laser scanner 14 irradiates the aluminum foil, so that the surface of the aluminum foil is charged with a certain amount of positive charges, meanwhile, the laser beam is reflected into a carbon powder cavity 19 filled with graphene and carbon powder, so that the carbon powder mixture is charged with equal amount of negative charges, and the carbon powder is uniformly sprayed out through a carbon powder tube 20 at the lower part of the carbon powder cavity 19 due to the mutual attraction of the opposite charges and is uniformly and densely distributed on the surface of the aluminum foil.
(5) Post-processing and performance index requirements
After coating, putting the coated substrate into a normal-temperature soaking furnace for treatment, heating to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1 hour; the thickness of the coated graphene and carbon powder coating is 20 nanometers, the thickness difference is 0.2 percent, and the flatness is 15 mu m.
Example 2:
the matrix is high-purity aluminum foil, and the specification of the aluminum foil is as follows: 1000cm in length, 1200cm in width and 100 microns in thickness. The method for preparing the carbon-coated aluminum foil by adopting the electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of graphene and carbon powder
Processing graphene into powder with the granularity of 50nm, selecting 2-micron graphite carbon powder as a raw material, respectively putting the graphene powder and the carbon powder into a vacuum soaking furnace for heating treatment, wherein 12 thermocouples are arranged at the upper part, the lower part, the left part, the right part and the middle part of the vacuum soaking furnace, the vacuum degree is 1.2kPa, the temperature is increased to 80 ℃ at the temperature increase rate of 2 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 hours for later use.
(2) Loading process
The volume of the mixing tank is 800mL, the graphene and the carbon powder are filled into the tank according to the mass ratio of 1.2. And starting the mixer, wherein the vibration frequency of the mixer is 500Hz, the rotating speed of the mixer is 2500 rpm, the mixing time is 20min, the temperature of the mixing tank is kept to be not higher than 100 ℃, mixed powder is filled into the storage roller drum coated with the metallic selenium by adopting automatic filling equipment after the mixing is finished, and meanwhile, the storage roller drum 16 is loaded on the coating unit 5 to prepare for coating.
(3) Treatment and detection of aluminum foil substrates
The dimension length of the optical foil is not limited, the width is adjusted within the range of 1200cm, and the thickness of the optical foil is 100 μm. An aluminum foil roll is positioned in an aluminum foil roll groove, firstly, an aluminum smooth foil is transmitted into main equipment through an uncoiler, the uncoiling speed of the uncoiler is 15m/min, the smooth foil enters a cleaning and drying device 2 through a transmission device 6 after uncoiling, firstly, an automatic aluminum foil brush 8 is utilized to clean the aluminum foil to be carbon-coated, the working condition of the aluminum foil brush is adjusted according to the actual condition of the surface of the aluminum foil, the roller brush is a wool fabric, the height of a handle of the roller brush from the aluminum foil is 1.5cm, the distance of the brush from the aluminum foil is 1.0cm, the surface of the aluminum foil is cleaned through a cleaning device 9 on a transmission shaft, a spraying device 11 is positioned near the roller brush, spraying liquid is aqueous cleaning liquid composed of common reagents such as ethanol, deionized water and a surfactant, the spraying flow is 200mL/min, the sprayed aluminum foil enters a drying and mist absorbing device 10 under the driving of a transmission device 1, the drying temperature is 120 ℃, the blowing flow rate is 2L/min, and a matrix subjected to earlier stage treatment is transmitted to a carbon-coating unit 5 through a transmission device 1.
(4) Laser adsorption spraying
Turning on the power supply of the carbon coating unit 5, keeping the temperature of various rollers at 90 ℃, firstly inputting parameters such as the size, the shape and the like of a product to be coated on a computer, wherein the size and the length of the optical foil are not limited, the width is 1200cm, the thickness of the optical foil is 100 microns, completing a design drawing for shaping the product with the assistance of a CAD computer, and simultaneously putting the prepared optical foil into a suction coating inlet. The method comprises the steps of charging a photosensitive drum (a photoconductive material is selenium-arsenic (Se-As)) through an electrode wire, wherein the charging discharge time is 120 seconds, transmitting a signal to a host module when a prism detects that an aluminum foil enters, irradiating a laser beam (gallium arsenic-gallium aluminum arsenic (GaAs-GaAlAs) series emitted by a laser scanner on the aluminum foil, wherein the wavelength of the emitted laser beam is generally near infrared light and is 780 nanometers, so that the surface of the aluminum foil is provided with a certain amount of positive charges, reflecting the laser beam into a carbon powder cavity filled with graphene and carbon powder, and enabling a carbon powder mixture to be provided with an equal amount of negative charges.
(5) Post-processing and performance index requirements
After coating, putting the coated substrate into a normal-temperature soaking furnace for treatment, heating to 200 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2 hours; the thickness of the coated graphene and carbon powder coating is 30 nanometers, the thickness difference is 0.4 percent, and the flatness is 20 micrometers.
The device is an automatic device, automatically finishes the production of the carbon-coated aluminum foil, greatly improves the production efficiency and reduces the processing cost. And in the pretreatment stage before carbon coating, an automatic aluminum foil brush 8 is adopted, the force and the speed of the brush are adjusted according to the surface state of the aluminum foil, and oil contamination impurities on the surface of the aluminum foil are removed, so that the surface quality of the aluminum foil is improved, and the coatability is improved. When the aluminum foil enters the coating unit 5, the feeding detector 13 is arranged, after the aluminum foil is detected to enter, the signal is rapidly transmitted to the laser unit 4, the laser unit 4 is promoted to emit laser beams, the whole process is short in time consumption, and the production efficiency is further improved. The invention adopts the mixture of nano carbon powder particles and graphite in a certain proportion as the coating raw material, ensures the uniformity and compactness of the carbon powder distribution on the surface of the aluminum foil after carbon coating, and enhances the adsorbability of the carbon powder on the surface of the aluminum foil. The invention adopts the nanometer carbon powder cavity 19, the bottom of the cavity is composed of a plurality of micron-sized carbon powder tubes 20, the carbon powder is ensured to uniformly flow out from the bottom of the cavity, the thickness of the carbon powder on the surface of the aluminum foil is uniform, and the conductivity of the aluminum foil is enhanced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for preparing carbon-coated aluminum foil by electrostatic laser graphene adsorption technology is characterized in that graphene and carbon powder are uniformly mixed, and the laser adsorption technology is utilized to complete the combination with an aluminum substrate, so that the carbon-coated graphene material with good electric conductivity, good strength and toughness and large capacity is obtained,
the device comprises a conveying device, a cleaning and drying device, a detection unit, a laser unit, a coating unit, a computer and a machine body; the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit are arranged on the machine body in sequence in the conveying direction of the conveying device; the computer is connected with and controls the conveying device, the cleaning and drying device, the detection unit, the laser unit and the coating unit through cables;
the cleaning and drying device comprises an automatic aluminum foil brush, a cleaning device and a drying and mist-absorbing device; the cleaning device is arranged on a transmission shaft of the conveying device and is provided with a spraying device, and the spraying device is positioned at the rear part of the automatic aluminum foil brush; the automatic aluminum foil brush is connected with a computer through a cable, and the computer adjusts the distance between the roller brush handle and the aluminum foil according to the amount of oil stains and impurities attached to the surface of the aluminum foil and adjusts the brushing force and the brushing speed;
the detection unit is provided with a feeding detector, the feeding detector is provided with a prism, and the prism is connected with the computer and the laser unit through cables;
the laser unit is provided with a laser scanner, and the laser scanner is connected with a computer through a cable;
the coating unit is sequentially provided with a photosensitive roller, a storage roller drum, a charging roller and a fixing roller from left to right; the storage roller drum is provided with a carbon powder cavity and a carbon powder pipe, graphene and carbon powder are placed in the carbon powder cavity, and the carbon powder is uniformly sprayed out through the carbon powder pipe at the lower part of the carbon powder cavity;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of graphene and carbon powder: taking graphene powder with the granularity of 20-50 nm and carbon powder with the granularity of 1-2 mu m as raw materials; respectively putting graphene powder and carbon powder into a vacuum soaking furnace for heating treatment, wherein 8-12 thermocouples are arranged at the upper part, the lower part, the left part, the right part and the middle part of the vacuum soaking furnace, the vacuum degree is 0.8-1.2 kPa, the temperature is increased to 50-80 ℃ at the temperature increase rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 5-10 h;
(2) Loading treatment: mixing graphene and carbon powder according to the ratio of (0.8-1.2): (3.5-4.3) putting the mixture into a mixing tank with the volume of 500-800 ml, and vacuumizing the mixing tank with the vacuum degree of 1-2 MPa; starting a mixer, wherein the vibration frequency of the mixer is 300-500 Hz, the rotating speed is 1800-2500r/min, the mixing time is 10-20min, and the temperature of a mixing tank is kept to be less than or equal to 80-100 ℃; after the material mixing is finished, the mixed powder is filled into a storage roller drum coated with the metallic selenium through automatic filling equipment, and meanwhile, the storage roller drum is loaded on a coating unit to prepare for coating;
(3) And (3) processing and detecting the aluminum foil substrate: the width of the plain foil is 800-1200 cm, the thickness is 10-100 μm, and the aluminum foil roll is placed in an aluminum foil roll groove; firstly, uncoiling an aluminum foil coil by an uncoiler at the uncoiling speed of 10-15m/min, and conveying the uncoiled aluminum foil coil to a cleaning and drying device by a transmission device; cleaning the aluminum foil to be coated with carbon by an automatic aluminum foil brush, wherein the height of a roller brush handle from the optical foil is 0.1-1.5 cm, and the distance of a brush from the optical foil is 0.01-1.0 cm; cleaning the surface of the aluminum foil by a cleaning device, wherein the spraying liquid is an aqueous cleaning liquid consisting of ethanol, deionized water and a surfactant, and the spraying flow is 70-200ml/min; conveying the sprayed aluminum foil to a drying and fog-absorbing device by a conveying device, wherein the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃, and the blowing-up flow rate is 1-2 l/min; conveying the treated aluminum foil substrate to a coating unit through a conveying device;
(4) Laser adsorption spraying: keeping the temperature of various rollers of the coating unit at 70-90 ℃, firstly inputting the size and shape parameters of the optical foil to be coated into a computer, completing a design drawing of the product by the aid of drawing software, and simultaneously placing the processed optical foil into a coating suction inlet; charging the photosensitive drum through an electrode wire, wherein the charging and discharging time is 5-120 s; the detection unit detects that the aluminum foil enters the coating inlet and then transmits a signal to the computer host module, the laser scanner emits a laser beam, and the laser beam irradiates the aluminum foil to enable the surface of the aluminum foil to have a certain amount of positive charges; meanwhile, laser beams are reflected to a carbon powder cavity filled with graphene and carbon powder, so that a carbon powder mixture is provided with equivalent negative charges, and due to mutual attraction of opposite charges, the carbon powder is uniformly sprayed out through a carbon powder pipe at the lower part of the carbon powder cavity and uniformly and compactly coated on the surface of an aluminum foil;
(5) Post-treatment and performance index requirements: putting the coated aluminum foil into a normal-temperature soaking furnace, heating to 150-200 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 h; the thickness of the coated graphene and carbon powder coating is 20-30 nm, the thickness difference is 0.2-0.4%, and the flatness is 15-20 mu m.
2. The method for preparing the carbon-coated aluminum foil by the electrostatic laser absorption graphene technology according to claim 1, wherein the photoconductive material of the photosensitive drum in the step (4) is cadmium sulfide (CdS), selenium-arsenic (Se-As) or an organic photoconductive material (OPC); the laser beam light source is as follows: the helium-neon (He-Ne) gas laser has a wavelength of 632.8nm or a GaAs-GaAlAs (GaAs-GaAlAs) series, and emits a laser beam with a wavelength of 780nm in the near infrared region.
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