CN107036713A - Image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method - Google Patents
Image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107036713A CN107036713A CN201710348763.9A CN201710348763A CN107036713A CN 107036713 A CN107036713 A CN 107036713A CN 201710348763 A CN201710348763 A CN 201710348763A CN 107036713 A CN107036713 A CN 107036713A
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009615 fourier-transform spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000711 polarimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/30—Measuring the intensity of spectral lines directly on the spectrum itself
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method, primary optical axis of the system along incident ray is from left to right sequentially provided with telescopic system, the first delayer, the second delayer, Wollaston prisms, Savart polariscopes, the 3rd delayer, analyzer, imaging lens and ccd detector for collimation；Incident light is changed into directional light after being collimated through preposition telescopic system, directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer, the second delayer, Wollaston prisms, Savart polariscopes, the 3rd delayer, analyzer and imaging lens, and two width triple channel interference patterns are finally got on ccd detector.The problem of present invention can solve the problem that sequence measuring method time and Spatial Mismatch, fast-changing target can be measured in real time, while can overcome in channel spectrum technology, restore intensity spectrum and have the shortcomings that error and spectral resolution are seriously reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to measuring polarization state technical field, it is related to the device and method for obtaining image, linear polarization and spectrum, especially
It is a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method.
Background technology
Stokes vectors compose the spectrum and polarization information of description target that can be completely, and spectrum and polarization information are for ground
Ball remote sensing has great significance, and spectrum and polarization information are to Objects recognition, atmospheric monitoring and physical property context of detection
Play an important role.Imaging spectral polarization technology only has a small number of sections in the world at present as a kind of new optical detection method
Grind institutions conduct correlative study work.Especially interference type imaging spectrum polarimeter (Interference
Spectropolarimeter, ISP), at present still in Principle Exploration and experimental verification stage, its technological means is not yet ripe.
The measuring method of conventional polarization state (Stokes vectors spectrum) has and measured in chronological order and spatially in the world at present
The methods such as proceeding measurement, these methods are required to take multiple measurements target, existence time or Spatial Mismatch problem, limit
Its resolution ratio and polarimetry precision, while being difficult to real-time measurement, limit its application in Polarization Detection field.1999
The channel spectrum polarization technology of the propositions such as year Kazuhiko Oka, can obtain the full polarization state for detecting target by single measurement
Information, with real-time detection ability., should but this method needs to carry out channel filtering when restoring intensity spectrum with polarization spectrum
Process causes maximum optical path difference to be reduced to original 1/7 or 1/3, according to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, restores intensity light
Spectrum and the resolution ratio of polarization spectrum can be reduced to original 1/7 or 1/3, have a strong impact on recovery spectral resolution.In passage
During modulation, due to intensity spectrum passage with polarization spectrum interchannel in the presence of more serious spectral aliasing, it is impossible to pass through filtering
Remove completely, cause to restore in Stokes vectors spectrum in the presence of not eliminable error.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the shortcoming for overcoming above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum
With linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method, the problem of it can solve the problem that sequence measuring method time and Spatial Mismatch, Neng Goushi
When measure fast-changing target, while can overcome in channel spectrum technology, restore intensity spectrum and there is error and spectrum point
The shortcoming that resolution is seriously reduced.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Present invention firstly provides a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system：The system edge
The primary optical axis of incident ray be from left to right sequentially provided with telescopic system for collimation, the first delayer, the second delayer,
Wollaston prisms, Savart polariscopes, the 3rd delayer, analyzer, imaging lens and ccd detector；Incident light is hoped through preposition
Be changed into directional light after remote system collimation, directional light pass sequentially through the first delayer, the second delayer, Wollaston prisms,
Savart polariscopes, the 3rd delayer, analyzer and imaging lens, finally get the interference of two width triple channels on ccd detector
Figure.
Further, above-mentioned telescopic system is made up of the first lens, field stop and the second lens；The field stop is set
On primary optical axis between the first lens and the second lens.Field stop is located on the back focal plane of the first lens, and with it is second saturating
The front focal plane of mirror is overlapped.
Further, system above builds the xyz coordinate systems for meeting the right-hand rule, and primary optical axis is z-axis, first delayer
The positive angle of quick shaft direction and x-axis be 0 °, the angle that the quick shaft direction of the second delayer is positive with x-axis is 45 °；
The optical axis of Wollasto prisms is located at yz and xz planes respectively, and optical axis is vertical with z-axis.The optical axis of Savart polariscope left plates with
The positive angle at 45 ° of z-axis, projection and the positive angle of x-axis in x/y plane are 45 °；The optical axis and z of Savart polariscope right panels
Axle negative sense angle at 45 °, projection and the positive angle of x-axis in x/y plane are 45 °.The quick shaft direction of delayer is positive with x-axis
Angle be 45 °；The direction that shakes thoroughly of analyzer is parallel with y-axis.The photosurface of ccd detector is located at the back focal plane of imaging lens.
The present invention also proposes a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linearly polarized light spectrum detecting method：
Incident light is changed into directional light after being collimated through preposition telescopic system, and directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer, second prolonged
Slow device, Wollaston prisms, Savart polariscopes, the 3rd delayer, analyzer and imaging lens, are finally obtained on ccd detector
The two width triple channel interference strength I got1And I2Respectively：
WhereinThe retardation that respectively the first delayer, the second delayer, the 3rd delayer are produced；ΔSP
The optical path difference produced for Savart polariscopes；
Two formulas can be obtained more than：
According to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, carrying out Fourier transformation to formula can restore S0；To formula channel filtering
And Fourier transformation, S0, S1, S2 and S3 can be obtained：
Wherein FT { } represents Fourier transformation, and real { }, which is represented, takes real part, and imag { } is represented and taken imaginary part；
S0Represent light intensity, S1Represent the intensity difference of 0 ° and 90 ° linearly polarized light, S2Represent the intensity of 45 ° and 135 ° linearly polarized lights
Difference, S3Represent the intensity difference of dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light.
The invention has the advantages that：
Image of the present invention, high-resolution intensity spectrum pass through different spectral modulations from linear polarization spectrum investigating system and method
The light of module carries out angle shearing, and it is propagated in different directions, and two width intensity spectrums are finally obtained on ccd detector and are led to
The interference strength of road phase complements, this two width interference strength subtracts each other, and retrievable intensity spectrum passage occupies whole optical path differences,
The intensity spectrum of recovery maintains the original spectral resolution of instrument, is not influenceed by polarization spectrum channels crosstalk；Two width are done
Intensity spectrum passage can be offset by relating to intensity addition, and its crosstalk to polarization spectrum passage is eliminated, so as to so as to restore
Intensity spectrum restores whole Stokes arrows while holding interference type spectral instrument original resolution ratio by single measurement
Amount, the intensity spectrum for making recovery compared with conventional channels spectrum polarizing technology is not influenceed by crosstalk, is eliminated in recovery polarization spectrum
Main cross-talk error, as a result more accurate and spectral resolution improve 3-7 times.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Wherein, 1 is telescopic system；101 it is the first lens, 102 is field stop；103 be the second lens；2 prolong for first
Slow device；3 be the second delayer；4 be Wollaston prisms；5 be Savart polariscopes；6 be the 3rd delayer；7 be analyzer；8
For imaging lens；9 be ccd detector.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
With reference to Fig. 1, the image of the invention based on channel spectrum technology, polarization and spectrum investigating system are：Along incident light
Line is sequentially provided with telescopic system 1, the first delayer 2, the second delayer 3, Wollaston prisms 4, Savart polariscopes the 5, the 3rd
Delayer 6, analyzer 7, imaging lens 8 and CCD 9.Wherein telescopic system includes lens 101, field stop 102 and lens 103.
Field stop 102 is located on the back focal plane of lens 101, and is overlapped with the front focal plane of lens 103.
If primary optical axis is z-axis, build xyz coordinate systems, the xyz coordinate systems meet the right-hand rule, the first delayer 2 it is fast
The direction of principal axis angle positive with x-axis is 0 °, and the angle that the quick shaft direction of the second delayer 3 is positive with x-axis is 45 °；Wollaston
The optical axis of prism 4 is located at yz and xz planes respectively, and optical axis is vertical with z-axis；The optical axis and z-axis of the left plate of Savart polariscopes 5 are just
To angle at 45 °, projection and the positive angle of x-axis in x/y plane are 45 °；The optical axis of the right panel of Savart polariscopes 5 is born with z-axis
To angle at 45 °, projection and the positive angle of x-axis in x/y plane are 45 °；The quick shaft direction of 3rd delayer 6 is positive with x-axis
Angle be 45 °；The direction that shakes thoroughly of analyzer 7 is parallel with y-axis；The photosurface of ccd detector 9 is located at the back focal plane of imaging lens 8
Place.
Spectrum polarizing detection method of the present invention based on polarization arrays comprises the following steps：
From polarization optics principle, the Muller Mueller matrixes of delayer are：
Wherein, θ is the quick shaft direction of the delayer angle positive with x-axis,For the phase-delay quantity of delayer,D is delayer thickness.
The Mueller matrixes of analyzer are：
Wherein θ is shake thoroughly direction and the positive angle of x-axis of polarizer.
Because the two-beam finally interfered is obtained by the light splitting of Savart polariscopes, therefore the Wollaston prisms in system
Two polarization directions can be equivalent to respectively along the polarizer of x-axis and y-axis, the two polarizers and the first delayer 2, second to postpone
Device 3 has collectively constituted spectral modulation module, and WP makes the two-beam by different spectral modulation modules propagate in different directions.
According to polarization optics principle, the Stokes vector Ss (x, y, λ) that spatial point (x, y) sends light beam are：
Wherein, S0For light beam gross energy, I0°、I90°、I45°And I135°Represent that light beam passes through 0 °, 90 °, 45 ° and 135 ° respectively
Intensity after linear polarizer, IRAnd ILRepresent the dextrorotation in light beam and left circularly polarized light.Incident Stokes vector SsinWithCorrespondingly the relation of Stokes vectors is：
When the spectrum and polarization information of incident light are described by Stokes vectors, because ccd detector 9 only has to total light intensity
Response, and the polarization state to light is insensitive, therefore only consider the S of incident light0Component modulation case, incident light is looked in the distance through preposition
System 1 is changed into directional light after collimating, directional light by the first delayer 2, the second delayer 3 and Wollaston prisms 4,
The two width triple channels that Savart polariscopes 5, the 3rd delayer 6, analyzer 7, imaging lens 8 are finally obtained on ccd detector 9 are done
Relate to figure.By the corresponding Muller matrix of each element bring into above formula can the two width interference patterns that be obtained on ccd detector are：
WhereinThe retardation that respectively the first delayer 2, the second delayer 3, the 3rd delayer 4 are produced；
ΔSPThe optical path difference produced for Savart polariscopes 5.
Two formulas can be obtained more than：
According to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, carrying out Fourier transformation to (7) formula can restore S0；It is logical to (8) formula
Road is filtered and Fourier transformation, can obtain S0、S1、S2And S3：
Above S0Represent light intensity, S1Represent the intensity difference of 0 ° and 90 ° linearly polarized light, S2Represent 45 ° and 135 ° linearly polarized lights
Intensity difference, S3Represent the intensity difference of dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, it is characterised in that along the master of incident ray
Optical axis be from left to right sequentially provided with the telescopic system (1) for collimation, the first delayer (2), the second delayer (3),
Wollaston prisms (4), Savart polariscopes (5), the 3rd delayer (6), analyzer (7), imaging lens (8) and ccd detector
(9)；Incident light is changed into directional light after being collimated through preposition telescopic system (1), and directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer (2), second
Delayer (3), Wollaston prisms (4), Savart polariscopes (5), the 3rd delayer (6), analyzer (7) and imaging lens
(8) two width triple channel interference patterns, are finally got on ccd detector (9).
2. image according to claim 1, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, its feature exist
In the telescopic system (1) is made up of the first lens (101), field stop (102) and the second lens (103)；The visual field light
Late (102) are arranged on the primary optical axis between the first lens (101) and the second lens (103).
3. image according to claim 2, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, its feature exist
In field stop (102) is located on the back focal plane of the first lens (101), and is overlapped with the front focal plane of the second lens (103).
4. image according to claim 1, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, its feature exist
In structure meets the xyz coordinate systems of the right-hand rule, and primary optical axis is z-axis, and the quick shaft direction and x-axis of first delayer (2) are just
To angle be 0 °, the quick shaft direction of the second delayer (3) angle positive with x-axis is 45 °；The light of Wollasto prisms (4)
Axle is located at yz and xz planes respectively, and optical axis is vertical with z-axis.
5. image according to claim 4, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, its feature exist
In the optical axis and the positive angle at 45 ° of z-axis of Savart polariscopes (5) left plate, projection and the positive angle of x-axis in x/y plane
For 45 °；The optical axis of Savart polariscopes (5) right panel and z-axis negative sense angle at 45 °, the projection in x/y plane are pressed from both sides with x-axis forward direction
Angle is 45 °.
6. image according to claim 4, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, its feature exist
In the angle that the quick shaft direction of delayer (6) is positive with x-axis is 45 °；The direction that shakes thoroughly of analyzer (7) is parallel with y-axis.
7. image according to claim 4, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linear polarization spectrum investigating system, its feature exist
In the photosurface of ccd detector (9) is located at the back focal plane of imaging lens (8).
8. a kind of image, high-resolution intensity spectrum and linearly polarized light spectrum detecting method, it is characterised in that：Incident light is hoped through preposition
It is changed into directional light after remote system (1) collimation, directional light passes sequentially through the first delayer (2), the second delayer (3), Wollaston
Prism (4), Savart polariscopes (5), the 3rd delayer (6), analyzer (7) and imaging lens (8), finally in ccd detector (9)
On the two width triple channel interference strength I that get1And I2Respectively：
WhereinThe delay that respectively the first delayer (2), the second delayer (3), the 3rd delayer (4) are produced
Amount；ΔSPThe optical path difference produced for Savart polariscopes (5)；
Two formulas can be obtained more than：
According to Fourier transform spectroscopy principle, carrying out Fourier transformation to (3) formula can restore S0；To (4) formula channel filtering
And Fourier transformation, S0, S1, S2 and S3 can be obtained：
Wherein FT { } represents Fourier transformation, and real { }, which is represented, takes real part, and imag { } is represented and taken imaginary part
S0Represent light intensity, S1Represent the intensity difference of 0 ° and 90 ° linearly polarized light, S2Represent the intensity difference of 45 ° and 135 ° linearly polarized lights, S3
Represent the intensity difference of dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light.
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| CN108956480A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-12-07 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of real-time device and method for obtaining Spectroscopic Ellipsometry parameter |
| CN110261317A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-20 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of measuring system and method for Mueller matrix spectrum |
| CN110567883A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-13 | 西安理工大学 | System for measuring Mueller matrix spectrum in real time and measuring method thereof |
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