CN107035644B

CN107035644B - Air compressor

Info

Publication number: CN107035644B
Application number: CN201710407696.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王玲斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-06-02
Filing date: 2017-06-02
Publication date: 2019-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-02
Also published as: CN107035644A

Abstract

The invention discloses an air compressor, which comprises a crankcase provided with a piston cylinder, wherein a plurality of stages of piston cavities which are arranged in parallel and are provided with pistons in a sliding manner are arranged in the piston cylinder, a plurality of exhaust channels which are communicated with the piston cavities one by one are arranged on the piston cylinder, and air outlet holes which are communicated with the exhaust channels one by one are arranged on one side of each piston cavity; a cylinder cover is arranged on the piston cylinder, a plurality of air inlet holes which are communicated with the piston cavities one by one are arranged on the cylinder cover, and except the air inlet hole corresponding to the last-stage piston cavity, one side of each of the rest air inlet holes is provided with a cylinder cover air outlet hole which is communicated with the air outlet hole one by one; the cylinder cover is provided with a heat dissipation cylinder cover, and the heat dissipation cylinder cover is provided with an air inlet communicated with one of the air inlets; and an air flow channel is arranged between the air outlet hole and the air inlet hole of the cylinder cover of the adjacent two stages and is arranged on the cylinder cover or the heat dissipation cylinder cover. Multistage piston breathes in proper order and exhausts work, and the air current of upper level can directly be carried to the subordinate, and the transmission efficiency of air current is high, does not have idle stroke work, and work efficiency has obtained effective improvement.

Description

Air compressor

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an air compressor.

Background

At present, the application of air compressors is becoming more and more common and the variety is great, but the problem of low working efficiency is common in the actual work, taking a two-stage air compressor as an example: a connecting rod drives two pistons and admits air and give vent to anger simultaneously in the cylinder, just so can not the two-stage pressurization of establishing ties, so installed gas storage device additional between the two-stage, can inhale the gas in the gas storage device again when the second grade is breathed in, and concrete working process is in proper order: the first-stage air suction, the first-stage compression, the air storage, the second-stage air suction and the second-stage compression have complex working process and low working efficiency.

Like a four-stage air compressor, the four-stage air compressor is generally in a V-shaped structure (namely, pistons between two stages are arranged in a 90-degree intersecting manner), and a gas storage device is also arranged, and the specific working processes are shown in tables 1 and 2 (tables 1 and 2 are respectively the working processes of two common four-stage air compressors, wherein table 1 is in a tower V-shaped structure, and table 2 is in a parallel V-shaped structure).

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

From table 1 it follows that: in the presence of a half-cycle, the simultaneous suction and simultaneous discharge of the four-stage piston occurs, as can be seen from table 2: in a half period, the phenomenon of simultaneous air suction and simultaneous air exhaust of two adjacent stages of pistons can occur, the simultaneous air suction and simultaneous air exhaust can cause discontinuous airflow, and an interstage air transfer function cannot be generated during the simultaneous air suction and simultaneous air exhaust, so that the interstage transfer efficiency is reduced; meanwhile, when the crankshaft rotates at different phase angles, airflow in each stage of piston cylinder begins to change direction, and the piston cylinder cannot work in a full stroke, so that stroke waste is caused, and the working efficiency is greatly influenced.

In addition, a plurality of air pipes are arranged outside the air compressor, so that the air compressor is messy, unattractive and high in cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an air compressor to avoid the occurrence of simultaneous suction and simultaneous discharge, and achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of gas transmission between stages and the work efficiency.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows: an air compressor comprises a machine body, wherein a crankcase is arranged on the machine body, a crankshaft driven by a power device is rotatably mounted in the crankcase, a piston cylinder is arranged above the crankcase, a plurality of stages of piston cavities arranged in parallel are arranged in the piston cylinder, and a piston driven by the crankshaft is slidably mounted in each stage of piston cavity; a plurality of exhaust channels which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence to the piston cavities are arranged on the piston cylinder, exhaust valves are arranged on the exhaust channels in a threaded mode, the exhaust channels are communicated with the piston cavities, air outlet holes are formed in one side of each piston cavity, and each air outlet hole is arranged in one-to-one correspondence to the exhaust channel and communicated with the exhaust channel;

a cylinder cover is arranged above the piston cylinder, a plurality of air inlet holes are formed in the cylinder cover, the air inlet holes and the piston cavities are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are communicated with each other, and an air inlet valve extending into the air inlet hole is installed in each piston cavity in a threaded mode; except the air inlet corresponding to the last-stage piston cavity, one side of each of the rest air inlets is provided with a cylinder cover air outlet, and the cylinder cover air outlets and the air outlets are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are communicated with each other;

a heat dissipation cylinder cover is arranged above the cylinder cover, an air inlet is formed in the heat dissipation cylinder cover, and the air inlet is communicated with one of the air inlets;

and an airflow channel is arranged between the air outlet hole of the cylinder cover and the air inlet hole of the adjacent two stages and is arranged on the cylinder cover or the heat dissipation cylinder cover.

As a modification, the piston cavity is provided with four stages and is arranged in a square shape;

a sliding block box is arranged between the crank case and the piston cylinder, two sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding block box in a sliding mode, a connecting rod is arranged between each sliding block and the crank shaft, and two ends of each connecting rod are rotatably arranged on the sliding blocks and the crank shaft respectively;

the two pistons of odd-number level are fixedly arranged on one of the slide blocks, and the two pistons of even-number level are fixedly arranged on the other slide block.

As a further improvement, sealing gaskets are arranged between the crank case and the sliding block case, between the sliding block case and the piston cylinder and between the piston cylinder and the cylinder cover.

As a further improvement, the airflow channel between the first-stage cylinder cover air outlet and the second-stage air inlet and the airflow channel between the third-stage cylinder cover air outlet and the last-stage air inlet are both arranged on the cylinder cover;

and the airflow channel between the second-stage cylinder cover air outlet and the third-stage air inlet is arranged on the heat dissipation cylinder cover.

As a still further improvement, the air flow channel is arranged on the side surfaces of the cylinder cover or the heat dissipation cylinder cover which are close to each other, and the air flow channel penetrates through the surface of the cylinder cover or the heat dissipation cylinder cover; and a sealing partition plate for separating the airflow channel from the heat dissipation cylinder cover is arranged between the cylinder cover and the heat dissipation cylinder cover.

As a further improvement, a plurality of weight reduction grooves are formed in the cylinder cover and the heat dissipation cylinder cover.

By adopting the technical scheme, the air compressor provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

because the crankshaft driven by the power device is rotatably installed in the crankcase, a piston cylinder is arranged above the crankcase, a plurality of stages of piston cavities arranged in parallel are arranged in the piston cylinder, and a piston driven by the crankshaft is slidably installed in each stage of piston cavity; a plurality of exhaust channels which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the piston cavities are arranged on the piston cylinder, exhaust valves are arranged on the exhaust channels in a threaded manner, the exhaust channels are communicated with the piston cavities, air outlet holes are formed in one side of each piston cavity, and each air outlet hole is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the exhaust channel and communicated with the exhaust channel; a cylinder cover is arranged above the piston cylinder, a plurality of air inlet holes are formed in the cylinder cover, the air inlet holes and the piston cavities are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are communicated with each other, and an air inlet valve extending into the air inlet hole is installed in each piston cavity in a threaded mode; except the air inlet corresponding to the last stage piston cavity, one side of each of the other air inlets is provided with a cylinder cover air outlet, and the cylinder cover air outlets and the air outlets are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with each other; a heat dissipation cylinder cover is arranged above the cylinder cover, and is provided with an air inlet which is communicated with one of the air inlets; based on the structure, in the actual work of the air compressor, the power device drives the crankshaft to rotate, the crankshaft drives the multi-stage piston to slide in the piston cavity, the first-stage piston downwards sucks air in the sliding process, the gas can enter the first-stage piston cavity through the air inlet, the first-stage air inlet and the air inlet valve in sequence, then the first-stage piston upwards returns, the air inlet valve is closed, the compressed gas in the first-stage piston cavity enters the gas flow channel through the exhaust channel, the air outlet and the cylinder cover air outlet, then the gas enters the second-stage piston cavity through the second-stage air inlet and the air inlet valve to be compressed, the circulation is carried out until the gas enters the last-stage piston cavity, the piston in the last-stage piston cavity returns, and the gas which is subjected to multi-stage compression and pressurization is discharged through the last-stage exhaust valve, and delivered to the gas using unit.

In summary, the air compressor has the following advantages:

1. when the multistage piston is positioned at the same phase angle, the circulation work of air suction, air exhaust, air suction and air exhaust is carried out in sequence, the air flow of the upper stage can be directly conveyed to the lower stage through the air flow channel and is pressurized step by step, a buffer air storage device is not needed in the middle, the transmission efficiency of the air flow is further improved, and in the work, the idle stroke work does not exist, so the work efficiency is greatly improved;

2. the mechanism is arranged in parallel with the piston cavity, so that the structure is compact, the distance between two adjacent pistons and the length of the crankshaft are shortened, and the strength of the crankshaft is improved;

3. the airflow channel is arranged on the cylinder cover or the heat dissipation cylinder cover to flow internally, and compared with the traditional structure, the air compressor and the structure in the air compressor are simplified without connecting various complicated air pipes externally, so that the cost is greatly reduced, and the appearance is high.

The piston cavity is provided with four stages and is arranged in a square shape; a slide block box is arranged between the crank case and the piston cylinder, two slide blocks are arranged in the slide block box in a sliding mode, a connecting rod is arranged between each slide block and the crank shaft, and two ends of each connecting rod are respectively rotatably arranged on the slide blocks and the crank shaft; the two pistons of a single stage are fixedly arranged on one sliding block, and the two pistons of a double stage are fixedly arranged on the other sliding block, so that the two pistons can share one connecting rod for driving through the fixed connection of the two pistons on the sliding blocks, the structure is simplified, and the structure is more compact and small; meanwhile, the number of parts is reduced, and the cost and the assembly difficulty are reduced.

Because the sealing gaskets are arranged between the crank case and the slide block case, between the slide block case and the piston cylinder and between the piston cylinder and the cylinder cover, the sealing performance between all parts of the air compressor is ensured through the sealing gaskets, and the working effect is effectively prevented from being influenced by gas loss.

Because the airflow channel between the air outlet hole of the first-stage cylinder cover and the second-stage air inlet hole and the airflow channel between the air outlet hole of the third-stage cylinder cover and the last-stage air inlet hole are both arranged on the cylinder cover; the airflow channel between the air outlet hole of the secondary cylinder cover and the tertiary air inlet hole is arranged on the heat dissipation cylinder cover, so that the normal work of each airflow channel is not influenced through the design, and the processing and the arrangement are convenient.

The airflow channel is arranged on the side surfaces of the cylinder cover or the radiating cylinder cover which are close to each other, and the airflow channel penetrates through the surface of the cylinder cover or the radiating cylinder cover, so that the processing convenience of the airflow channel is greatly improved; because the sealing partition plate is arranged between the cylinder cover and the heat dissipation cylinder cover, the air flow channel on the cylinder cover and the air flow channel on the heat dissipation cylinder cover are separated through the partition plate, the phenomenon that the air flow channels are mutually communicated to influence the work is avoided, and a good sealing effect is achieved.

Because the cylinder cover and the radiating cylinder cover are respectively provided with the plurality of weight reducing grooves, the weight of the cylinder cover, the radiating cylinder cover and the air compressor can be effectively reduced through the weight reducing grooves; meanwhile, the wall thicknesses of the cylinder cover and the heat dissipation cylinder cover in the weight reduction groove area are thinned, and heat dissipation is facilitated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder head of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a rear view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the heat dissipating cylinder head shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a rear view of FIG. 6;

in the attached drawings, 1-body; 2-a crankcase; 201-crankshaft; 3-a slide block box; 301-a slider; 302-connecting rod; 303-connecting bolts; 4, a piston cylinder; 401-piston cavity; 402-a piston; 4021-a piston ring; 403-an exhaust channel; 404-an exhaust valve; 405-an air outlet; 5-cylinder cover; 501-cylinder cover air outlet holes; 502-an intake aperture; 503-an intake valve; 6-radiating a cylinder cover; 601-a heat sink; 602-an air filter element; 603-an air inlet; 7-a sealing gasket; 8-trachea; 801-air valve seat; 9-an airflow channel; 10-weight reduction slots; 11-sealing the separator.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

For convenience of illustration, the air compressor is a four-stage air compressor having four pistons, but the structure described in the present embodiment is not limited to be applied to the four-stage air compressor.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, an air compressor includes a machine body 1, a crankcase 2 is fixedly mounted on the machine body 1 through a connecting member, a crankshaft 201 driven by a power device is rotatably mounted in the crankcase 2, and the power device is a motor; a sliding block box 3 is fixedly arranged above the crank case 2 through a connecting piece, a piston cylinder 4 is fixedly arranged above the sliding block box 3 through a connecting piece, a cylinder cover 5 is fixedly arranged above the piston cylinder 4 through a connecting piece, a radiating cylinder cover 6 is fixedly arranged above the cylinder cover 5 through a connecting piece, and a plurality of radiating fins 601 are arranged on the radiating cylinder cover 6; sealing gaskets 7 are arranged between the crank case 2 and the slide block case 3, between the slide block case 3 and the piston cylinder 4 and between the piston cylinder 4 and the cylinder cover 5.

A plurality of piston cavities 401 which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the piston cylinder 4, each piston cavity 401 is defined as a first level, in the scheme, four levels of piston cavities 401 are arranged and arranged in a square shape, a piston 402 is slidably arranged in each level of piston cavity 401, and two piston rings 4021 are clamped on each piston 402; this slider case 3 slidable mounting has two sliders 301, all be equipped with connecting rod 302 between every slider 301 and the bent axle 201, the both ends of this connecting rod 302 are rotated respectively and are installed on slider 301 and bent axle 201, connecting rod 302 was kept away from to this slider 301 one end is passed through connecting bolt 303 and is linked to each other with piston 402, in this scheme, two pistons 402 fixed mounting of single number level (first grade and third grade) are to one of them slider 301, two pistons 402 fixed mounting of even number level (second grade and fourth grade) are to another slider 301.

The piston cylinder 4 is provided with four exhaust channels 403 which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the piston cavities 401, the exhaust channels 403 penetrate through the end part of the piston cylinder 4 and are provided with exhaust valves 404 in a threaded manner, the exhaust channels 403 are vertically arranged and mutually communicated with the corresponding piston cavities 401, the piston cylinder 4 on one side of each stage of piston cavity 401 is provided with air outlet holes 405, each air outlet hole 405 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the exhaust channel 403 and mutually communicated, and the air outlet holes 405 are vertically arranged with the exhaust channels 403; an air pipe 8 is communicated with an exhaust valve 404 on the final stage exhaust channel 403 (the exhaust channel 403 is the exhaust channel 403 corresponding to the final stage piston cavity 401), and the air pipe 8 is communicated with an air valve seat 801.

A plurality of air inlet holes 502 are arranged on the cylinder cover 5, the air inlet holes 502 and the piston cavities 401 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with each other, and an air inlet valve 503 extending into the air inlet holes 502 is installed in each piston cavity 401 through threads; except for the air inlet hole 502 corresponding to the last-stage piston cavity 401, the cylinder cover 5 on one side of each of the rest air inlet holes 502 is provided with a cylinder cover air outlet hole 501, and the cylinder cover air outlet holes 501 and the air outlet holes 405 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with each other.

An air inlet 603 is arranged on the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6, an air filter element 602 is arranged on the air inlet 603, and the air inlet 603 is communicated with one of the air inlet holes 502, defining: a piston cavity 401 which is correspondingly arranged with an air inlet 603 and an air inlet 502 which are communicated with each other is a primary piston cavity 401, and a cylinder cover air outlet 501 and the air inlet 502 which are connected with the primary piston cavity are also primary; an air flow channel 9 is arranged between the air outlet 501 and the air inlet 502 of the adjacent two-stage cylinder cover, and the air flow channel 9 is arranged on the cylinder cover 5 or the heat radiation cylinder cover 6.

Preferably, the airflow channel 9 between the first-stage cylinder cover air outlet 501 and the second-stage air inlet 502 and the airflow channel 9 between the third-stage cylinder cover air outlet 501 and the last-stage air inlet 502 are both arranged on the cylinder cover 5, and the two airflow channels 9 are arranged in an arc shape and in a mirror image; an air flow channel 9 between the secondary cylinder cover air outlet 501 and the tertiary air inlet 502 is arranged on the radiating cylinder cover 6, and the air flow channel 9 is arranged in a Z shape (see fig. 4 to 7); the two airflow channels 9 on the cylinder cover 5 and the airflow channel 9 on the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6 are both arranged on the side surfaces of the side, close to each other, of the cylinder cover 5 and the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6, and the airflow channels 9 penetrate through the surfaces of the cylinder cover 5 or the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6; a sealing clapboard 11 for separating the air flow channel 9 on the cylinder cover 5 and the air flow channel 9 on the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6 is arranged between the cylinder cover 5 and the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6, two through holes (shown in the figure) communicated with the end part of the Z-shaped air flow channel 9 are arranged on the sealing clapboard 11, one of the through holes is communicated with a second-stage cylinder cover air outlet 501, and the other through hole is communicated with a third-stage air inlet 502.

The cylinder cover 5 and the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6 are also provided with a plurality of weight reduction grooves 10, and the weight reduction grooves 10 on the heat dissipation cylinder cover 6 can also be communicated with corresponding cylinder cover air outlet holes 501, so that the gas buffering effect is achieved.

In the actual operation of the air compressor, the power device drives the crankshaft 201 to rotate, the crankshaft 201 drives the four-stage piston 402 to slide in the piston cavity 401, in the sliding process, the primary piston 402 sucks air downwards, the air enters the primary piston cavity 401 through the air inlet 603, the primary air inlet 502 and the air inlet valve 503 in sequence, then the primary piston 402 returns upwards, the air inlet valve 503 is closed, the compressed air in the primary piston cavity 401 enters the airflow channel 9 through the exhaust channel 403, the air outlet 405 and the cylinder cover air outlet 501, then the air enters the secondary piston cavity 401 through the secondary air inlet 502 and the air inlet valve 503 to be compressed, the circulation is carried out until the gas enters the final stage piston cavity 401, the piston 402 in the final stage piston cavity 401 returns, and the multi-stage compressed and pressurized gas is discharged through a final stage exhaust valve 404 (the working process of each stage of piston 401 is detailed in table 3) and is conveyed to a gas using unit.

TABLE 3

In summary, with the air compressor, when the multistage piston 401 is at the same phase angle, the air suction, the air exhaust, the air suction and the air exhaust are performed in sequence, the air flow at the upper stage is directly conveyed to the lower stage through the air flow channel 9 and is pressurized step by step, and no buffer air storage device is needed in the middle, so that the air flow transmission efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the four-stage piston 402 moves in parallel, and the crankshaft 201 drives the piston 402 to perform 180-degree switching, so that the maximum work doing efficiency of the stroke of the piston 402 is achieved, that is to say: from the start of the operation of the first piston 401 to the completion of the operation of the last piston 401, the crankshaft 201 needs to rotate for two revolutions; and in the work, no idle stroke work exists, so that the work efficiency is greatly improved.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.

Claims

1. An air compressor comprises a machine body, wherein a crankcase is arranged on the machine body, and a crankshaft driven by a power device is rotatably arranged in the crankcase; a plurality of exhaust channels which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence to the piston cavities are arranged on the piston cylinder, exhaust valves are arranged on the exhaust channels in a threaded mode, the exhaust channels are communicated with the piston cavities, air outlet holes are formed in one side of each piston cavity, and each air outlet hole is arranged in one-to-one correspondence to the exhaust channel and communicated with the exhaust channel;

an airflow channel is arranged between the air outlet hole and the air inlet hole of the cylinder cover of the adjacent two stages, and the airflow channel is arranged on the cylinder cover or the heat dissipation cylinder cover;

the piston cavity is provided with four stages and is arranged in a square shape;

2. The air compressor of claim 1, wherein gaskets are disposed between the crankcase and the slider box, between the slider box and the piston cylinder, and between the piston cylinder and the cylinder head.

3. The air compressor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the air flow passage between the head outlet hole of the first stage and the inlet hole of the second stage, and the air flow passage between the head outlet hole of the third stage and the inlet hole of the last stage are both provided on the cylinder head;

4. The air compressor according to claim 3, wherein the air flow passage is provided on a side surface of the cylinder head or the heat-radiating cylinder head which is close to each other, and the air flow passage penetrates through a surface of the cylinder head or the heat-radiating cylinder head; and a sealing partition plate for separating the airflow channel from the heat dissipation cylinder cover is arranged between the cylinder cover and the heat dissipation cylinder cover.

5. The air compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of weight-reduction grooves are provided in each of the cylinder head and the heat-radiating cylinder head.