CN107027582A - A kind of improved tea variety mating system - Google Patents
A kind of improved tea variety mating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107027582A CN107027582A CN201710408209.5A CN201710408209A CN107027582A CN 107027582 A CN107027582 A CN 107027582A CN 201710408209 A CN201710408209 A CN 201710408209A CN 107027582 A CN107027582 A CN 107027582A
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- cuttage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of improved tea variety mating system, the present invention includes setting up strange land maternal plant garden, Refrigerated Transport and cuttage, sets up strange land maternal plant garden:Select leaflet kind tea tree, the first tenday period of a month in April carry out once deep trimming after early spring tea is plucked, tillage and weeding, mu applies 200~250kg of oil cake, the 25kg of urea 20, keep under strict control the generation of diseases and pests of tea tree, a medicine can be sprayed within every 7~10 days, or every mu is inserted yellow plate 20 30, installs trapping lamp, early September tender shoots plucks tender shoots and pinched, and promotes branch lignifying;Compared with prior art, the present invention is cultivated using strange land maternal plant garden, the fresh-keeping branch of Refrigerated Transport, and leaf-cutting reduces moisture evaporation, and covering with ground sheeting water conservation such as heats at the technological means, hence it is evident that improve cuttage survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant breeding methods, more particularly to a kind of improved tea variety mating system.
Background technology
Tibet Autonomous Region is high mountain gorge landforms, and height above sea level is higher, and physical features is complicated, larger in the following areas of height above sea level 2300m
And flat soil is few, is the restriction factor of extensive development Tea Production.In the higher plant tea of 2300m or so height above sea level
Area, hydrothermal condition shows slightly not enough again, and tea tree rudiment is slower, and growth period is shorter, and increment is less, and yield is restricted.Meanwhile, this
A little areas, water evaporation quantity is generally more than precipitation, easily occurs autumn and winter arid.And the water temperature of irrigation water is relatively low, to tea tree
Growth is also unfavorable;Soil texture grittiness is heavier, is difficult retain water and nutrients.But, the suitable Tea Production in Tibetan southeast, and it is raw
State condition breeding, is the ground of the ideal of developing ecology organic tea.
Annual cuttage seeding is introduced a fine variety from other places more than the newly-built tea place of Tibet Autonomous Region, but survival rate is relatively low.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that provides a kind of improved tea variety mating system to solve the above problems.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
The present invention includes setting up strange land maternal plant garden, Refrigerated Transport and cuttage, sets up strange land maternal plant garden:Select leaflet plant tea
Tree, the first tenday period of a month in April carry out once deep trimming after early spring tea is plucked, and tillage and weeding, mu applies 200~250kg of oil cake, urea 20-
25kg, the generation for diseases and pests of tea tree of keeping under strict control can spray a medicine for every 7~10 days, or every mu is inserted yellow plate 20-30, installs trapping lamp,
Early September tender shoots plucks tender shoots and pinched, and promotes branch lignifying;
The Refrigerated Transport:The first tenday period of a month in September, collection life then and lignifying tea tree branch, same day collection, same day shipment,
Temperature setting is 4-6 DEG C in refrigerator car, and air humidity is controlled between 75-90%;
The cuttage comprises the following steps:
(1) land control, lid mulch film;The position of nursery lot preferably selects physical features flat, leeward to face south, and has a good transport service, by public affairs
Road should not be too near, and water source is constantly local throughout the year;Soil thickness reaches more than 0.30m, and short texture, venting capability is good, water conservation, guarantor
Fertility is strong, pH 4.4~5.5;Ground weeds are first removed, are then turned over, the debris such as most grass roots, tree root, stone are picked up, soil Gorgon euryale is thin,
Leveling;Wide 0.25~the 0.30m in aisle between site preparation bedding, wide 1.0~1.2m, long 15~20m, two furrow, surrounding builds 0.40~0.50m
Wide gutter and management operation row, every mu is applied the load of dung polluted water 100~150 or the 250~300kg of cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, phosphate fertilizer 15~
20kg, 5~10kg of potash fertilizer;Spreading subsoil, cubsoil is fine earth or fine sand, and maximum particle diameter is no more than 5mm, and thickness is 0.04~0.05m,
Spread uniform, make furrow face smooth, surrounding compacting, lid mulch film, cuttage seedbed overlay film can lift ground temperature, water conservation, lifting cuttage seeding into
Motility rate;
(2) clip of cuttings
Length is selected to be more than 0.3m, thick complete in 3mm semi-lignified or lignifying, yellowish green or rufous, axillary bud
Bao Man, blade are ripe, the branch of no disease and pests harm makees fringe bar;It is cut into short fringe successively from the bottom up in the cool, spike length 2.7~
3.3cm, a piece of leaf is cut off less than 2.5cm, with a piece of true leaf and a complete axillary bud, and upper and lower side clip is smooth, in 45 degree
Tilt and with blade lean same direction, upper end clip forbids to hinder bud from axillary bud 2mm and parallel with axillary bud when cutting;Cut off blade
1/2-1/3;Cuttings should be placed in ventilated bamboo basket, sprayed a small amount of water and kept moistening, same day cuttage as far as possible enters garden;
(3) cuttage
Generally autumn September early and middle ten dayses cuttage, overcast and rainy whole day all can cuttage, fine day carried out after 3 points in the afternoon;Short fringe and
Push up fringe can carry out cuttage by 6~7cm of line-spacing, 3~4cm of spacing in the rows;Blade can overlapping 1/4~1/3 during cuttage;It should be poured before cuttage
Water soaks furrow face, then rules, and marks the line-spacing of cuttage;During cuttage, cuttings petiole stem is clamped with thumb and forefinger and life
In place's insertion furrow, petiole base is inserted into;It is immediately that the soil pressure around cuttings is tight after the complete a line of cuttage, water and irrigate after inserting.
Further, heat and moisture preserving, is specially laid on whole good seedbed, surrounding before cuttage with white or black mulch film
Closed with wet soil, insert bamboo bow after cuttage on furrow, center terrain clearance 0.5m covers sunshade net above, and surrounding is real with soil pressure, shape
Into Small plastic shed, the thing covering and heat insulating such as straw when temperature is relatively low.
Further, in addition to nursery lot management:
(1) illumination management:Shading shed is removed in rainy season 6~July of next year;
(2) water management:Fine day morning or evening pour once, water and are poured onto the ground moistening of cuttings base portion, make soil wet
Degree is maintained at 60~80%;Extract bud:Bud is extractd in time with tip scissors;Tillage and weeding:Based on weeding is pulled with hand, cuttings
After universal root of hair, loosen the soil in good time, depth 2cm or so;Fertile training management:Carried out in may after the last ten-days period, urea topdresses dense for the first time
Degree 0.2~0.5%, is gradually increased to 1%, each every mu of 0.5kg of phosphorus, potash fertilizer, monthly topdresses 2~3 times later.Or with becoming thoroughly decomposed
Dung polluted water is mixed with urea and applied, and topdressing and water can be while carries out;Prevent and treat pest and disease damage:4~September of Second Year after cuttage, according to disease
A situation arises for insect pest, can monthly spray 1~2 time, goes out garden the last week spray once.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is a kind of improved tea variety mating system, compared with prior art, and the present invention is cultivated using strange land maternal plant garden,
The fresh-keeping branch of Refrigerated Transport, leaf-cutting reduces moisture evaporation, and covering with ground sheeting water conservation such as heats at the technological means, hence it is evident that improve cuttage into
Motility rate.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below:
The present invention includes setting up strange land maternal plant garden, Refrigerated Transport and cuttage, sets up strange land maternal plant garden:Select leaflet plant tea
Tree, the first tenday period of a month in April carry out once deep trimming after early spring tea is plucked, and tillage and weeding, mu applies 200~250kg of oil cake, urea 20-
25kg, the generation for diseases and pests of tea tree of keeping under strict control can spray a medicine for every 7~10 days, or every mu is inserted yellow plate 20-30, installs trapping lamp,
Early September tender shoots plucks tender shoots and pinched, and promotes branch lignifying;
The Refrigerated Transport:The first tenday period of a month in September, collection life then and lignifying tea tree branch, same day collection, same day shipment,
Temperature setting is 4-6 DEG C in refrigerator car, and air humidity is controlled between 75-90%;
The cuttage comprises the following steps:
(1) land control, lid mulch film;The position of nursery lot preferably selects physical features flat, leeward to face south, and has a good transport service, by public affairs
Road should not be too near, and water source is constantly local throughout the year;Soil thickness reaches more than 0.30m, and short texture, venting capability is good, water conservation, guarantor
Fertility is strong, pH 4.4~5.5;Ground weeds are first removed, are then turned over, the debris such as most grass roots, tree root, stone are picked up, soil Gorgon euryale is thin,
Leveling;Wide 0.25~the 0.30m in aisle between site preparation bedding, wide 1.0~1.2m, long 15~20m, two furrow, surrounding builds 0.40~0.50m
Wide gutter and management operation row, every mu is applied the load of dung polluted water 100~150 or the 250~300kg of cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed, phosphate fertilizer 15~
20kg, 5~10kg of potash fertilizer;Spreading subsoil, cubsoil is fine earth or fine sand, and maximum particle diameter is no more than 5mm, and thickness is 0.04~0.05m,
Spread uniform, make furrow face smooth, surrounding compacting, lid mulch film, cuttage seedbed overlay film can lift ground temperature, water conservation, lifting cuttage seeding into
Motility rate;
(2) clip of cuttings
Length is selected to be more than 0.3m, thick complete in 3mm semi-lignified or lignifying, yellowish green or rufous, axillary bud
Bao Man, blade are ripe, the branch of no disease and pests harm makees fringe bar;It is cut into short fringe successively from the bottom up in the cool, spike length 2.7~
3.3cm, a piece of leaf is cut off less than 2.5cm, with a piece of true leaf and a complete axillary bud, and upper and lower side clip is smooth, in 45 degree
Tilt and with blade lean same direction, upper end clip forbids to hinder bud from axillary bud 2mm and parallel with axillary bud when cutting;Cut off blade
1/2-1/3;Cuttings should be placed in ventilated bamboo basket, sprayed a small amount of water and kept moistening, same day cuttage as far as possible enters garden;
(3) cuttage
Generally autumn September early and middle ten dayses cuttage, overcast and rainy whole day all can cuttage, fine day carried out after 3 points in the afternoon;Short fringe and
Push up fringe can carry out cuttage by 6~7cm of line-spacing, 3~4cm of spacing in the rows;Blade can overlapping 1/4~1/3 during cuttage;It should be poured before cuttage
Water soaks furrow face, then rules, and marks the line-spacing of cuttage;During cuttage, cuttings petiole stem is clamped with thumb and forefinger and life
In place's insertion furrow, petiole base is inserted into;It is immediately that the soil pressure around cuttings is tight after the complete a line of cuttage, water and irrigate after inserting.
Further, heat and moisture preserving, is specially laid on whole good seedbed, surrounding before cuttage with white or black mulch film
Closed with wet soil, insert bamboo bow after cuttage on furrow, center terrain clearance 0.5m covers sunshade net above, and surrounding is real with soil pressure, shape
Into Small plastic shed, the thing covering and heat insulating such as straw when temperature is relatively low.
Further, in addition to nursery lot management:
(1) illumination management:Shading shed is removed in rainy season 6~July of next year;
(2) water management:Fine day morning or evening pour once, water and are poured onto the ground moistening of cuttings base portion, make soil wet
Degree is maintained at 60~80%;Extract bud:Bud is extractd in time with tip scissors;Tillage and weeding:Based on weeding is pulled with hand, cuttings
After universal root of hair, loosen the soil in good time, depth 2cm or so;Fertile training management:Carried out in may after the last ten-days period, urea topdresses dense for the first time
Degree 0.2~0.5%, is gradually increased to 1%, each every mu of 0.5kg of phosphorus, potash fertilizer, monthly topdresses 2~3 times later.Or with becoming thoroughly decomposed
Dung polluted water is mixed with urea and applied, and topdressing and water can be while carries out;Prevent and treat pest and disease damage:4~September of Second Year after cuttage, according to disease
A situation arises for insect pest, can monthly spray 1~2 time, goes out garden the last week spray once.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of improved tea variety mating system, it is characterised in that including setting up strange land maternal plant garden, Refrigerated Transport and cuttage, sets up
Strange land maternal plant garden:Leaflet kind tea tree is selected, the first tenday period of a month in April carry out once deep trimming after early spring tea is plucked, and tillage and weeding, mu is applied
200~250kg of oil cake, urea 20-25kg, the generation for diseases and pests of tea tree of keeping under strict control can spray a medicine for every 7~10 days, or every mu is inserted
Yellow plate 20-30, trapping lamp is installed, early September tender shoots plucks tender shoots and pinched, promotes branch lignifying;
The Refrigerated Transport:The first tenday period of a month in September, collection life then and lignifying tea tree branch, same day collection, same day shipment, refrigeration
Temperature setting is 4-6 DEG C in railway carriage, and air humidity is controlled between 75-90%;
The cuttage comprises the following steps:
(1) land control, lid mulch film;The position of nursery lot preferably selects physical features flat, leeward to face south, and has a good transport service, by highway not
Preferably too near, water source is constantly local throughout the year;Soil thickness reaches more than 0.30m, and short texture, venting capability is good, water conservation, keeping fertility
By force, pH4.4~5.5;Ground weeds are first removed, are then turned over, the debris such as most grass roots, tree root, stone are picked up, soil Gorgon euryale is thin, leveling;
Wide 0.25~the 0.30m in aisle between site preparation bedding, wide 1.0~1.2m, long 15~20m, two furrow, it is wide that surrounding builds 0.40~0.50m
Gutter and management operation row, every mu is applied the load of dung polluted water 100~150 or the 250~300kg of cake fertilizer, the 15~20kg of phosphate fertilizer that become thoroughly decomposed,
5~10kg of potash fertilizer;Spreading subsoil, cubsoil is fine earth or fine sand, and maximum particle diameter is no more than 5mm, and thickness is 0.04~0.05m, to be spread
Uniformly, make furrow face smooth, surrounding compacting, lid mulch film, cuttage seedbed overlay film can lift ground temperature, and water conservation, lifting cuttage seeding is survived
Rate;
(2) clip of cuttings
Select length be more than 0.3m, it is thick in 3mm semi-lignified or lignifying, yellowish green or rufous, axillary bud complete packet it is full,
Blade is ripe, the branch of no disease and pests harm makees fringe bar;It is cut into short fringe successively from the bottom up in the cool, 2.7~3.3cm of spike length, no
Sufficient 2.5cm's cuts off a piece of leaf, with a piece of true leaf and a complete axillary bud, and upper and lower side clip is smooth, in 45 degree inclinations and with
Blade lean same direction, upper end clip is forbidden to hinder bud from axillary bud 2mm and parallel with axillary bud when cutting;Cut off blade 1/2-1/3;
Cuttings should be placed in ventilated bamboo basket, sprayed a small amount of water and kept moistening, same day cuttage as far as possible enters garden;
(3) cuttage
Generally autumn September early and middle ten dayses cuttage, overcast and rainy whole day all can cuttage, fine day carried out after 3 points in the afternoon;Short fringe and top fringe
Cuttage can be carried out by 6~7cm of line-spacing, 3~4cm of spacing in the rows;Blade can overlapping 1/4~1/3 during cuttage;Should be watered before cuttage by
Furrow face is soaked, and is then rule, is marked the line-spacing of cuttage;During cuttage, cuttings petiole stem attachment region is clamped with thumb and forefinger and is inserted
Enter in furrow, be inserted into petiole base;It is immediately that the soil pressure around cuttings is tight after the complete a line of cuttage, water and irrigate after inserting.
2. improved tea variety mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Heat and moisture preserving, is specially before cuttage
It is laid in white or black mulch film on whole good seedbed, surrounding is closed with wet soil, inserts bamboo bow after cuttage on furrow, center is liftoff
Height 0.5m, covers sunshade net above, and surrounding is real with soil pressure, forms Small plastic shed, the thing covering and heat insulating such as straw when temperature is relatively low.
3. improved tea variety mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include nursery lot to manage:
(1) illumination management:Shading shed is removed in rainy season 6~July of next year;
(2) water management:Fine day morning or evening pour once, water and are poured onto the ground moistening of cuttings base portion, protect soil moisture
Hold 60~80%;Extract bud:Bud is extractd in time with tip scissors;Tillage and weeding:Based on weeding is pulled with hand, cuttings is universal
After root of hair, loosen the soil in good time, depth 2cm or so;Fertile training management:Carried out in may after the last ten-days period, urea topdresses concentration 0.2 for the first time
~0.5%, 1%, each every mu of 0.5kg of phosphorus, potash fertilizer are gradually increased to later, are monthly topdressed 2~3 times.Or with the people and animals become thoroughly decomposed
Excrement is mixed with urea and applied, and topdressing and water can be while carries out;Prevent and treat pest and disease damage:4~September of Second Year after cuttage, according to pest and disease damage
A situation arises, can monthly spray 1~2 time, goes out garden the last week spray once.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108575518A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-28 | 于明根 | The cultural method of Pu'er tea tree of area surroundings suitable for Zhejiang |
CN109042633A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-21 | 胡惜丽 | Tea tree fringe bar fresh keeping delivery method under a kind of heat |
CN110012775A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-16 | 浙江洪韵茶业有限公司 | A kind of mushroom small house pekoe tea implantation methods |
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CN101416593A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-29 | 南京新世纪园艺研究所 | Single-node cutting seed-raising method of tea plant |
CN105724106A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 溧阳市金泉生态科技园有限公司 | Rapid tea seedling culture method |
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101416593A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-29 | 南京新世纪园艺研究所 | Single-node cutting seed-raising method of tea plant |
CN105724106A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-06 | 溧阳市金泉生态科技园有限公司 | Rapid tea seedling culture method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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徐泽等: "茶树短穗扦插繁育技术Ⅰ.采穗母本园的管理", 《西南园艺》 * |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108575518A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-28 | 于明根 | The cultural method of Pu'er tea tree of area surroundings suitable for Zhejiang |
CN109042633A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-21 | 胡惜丽 | Tea tree fringe bar fresh keeping delivery method under a kind of heat |
CN110012775A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-16 | 浙江洪韵茶业有限公司 | A kind of mushroom small house pekoe tea implantation methods |
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