CN107027535B

CN107027535B - Plant planter

Info

Publication number: CN107027535B
Application number: CN201710159128.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭欣
Original assignee: Siwei Ecological Technology Hangzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Siwei Ecological Technology Hangzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-03-17
Filing date: 2017-03-17
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-17
Also published as: CN107027535A

Abstract

The invention provides a plant planter. This plant planter includes: the planting device comprises a stand column and a plurality of layers of planting layer units which are arranged at intervals up and down, wherein the plurality of layers of planting layer units are connected through the stand column support penetrating through the middle part; in the two-layer planting layer unit of arbitrary adjacent in the layer unit is planted to the multilayer, the planting layer unit that is located the upper strata is including setting up the illumination module in its lower part, and the planting layer unit that is located the lower floor is including setting up the planting groove in its upper portion. According to the plant planter provided by the invention, the planting layer units are supported and connected through the upright columns penetrating through the middle part, so that an open space is formed around the planting layer units, no side wall is used for blocking, and a user can plant and pick plants conveniently. In addition, the planting layer unit adopts an integrated unit module structure with the upper part being a planting groove and the lower part being an illumination module, so that the whole structure is more compact and convenient to expand.

Description

Plant planter

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plant planter applied to the field of plant planting.

Background

With the continuous improvement of living standard, people pay more and more attention to their health, and especially have higher demands on the quality (such as green, pollution-free and fresh-keeping degree) of vegetables eaten every day, so more and more people utilize plant growing machines to plant or keep fresh vegetables and other plants indoors.

The plant planter of prior art is the box structure, and the top of box is provided with the illumination module, and the bottom is provided with the planting groove that is used for holding water or nutrient solution, plants the groove top and is provided with the planting apron that is used for planting the plant, plants to have on the apron to be arranged in supplying the plant to insert the round hole in water or the nutrient solution.

In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems: the plant planter of prior art leans on the lateral wall of box completely to support, and whole box is enclosed construction, is not convenient for the user to plant and pick the plant to the extension of plant planter is also not convenient for to enclosed box structure.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a plant planter which is convenient for a user to plant and pick plants and is convenient for expansion of the plant planter.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plant planter comprising: the planting device comprises a stand column and a plurality of layers of planting layer units which are arranged at intervals up and down, wherein the plurality of layers of planting layer units are connected through the stand column support penetrating through the middle part; in the two-layer planting layer unit of arbitrary adjacent in the layer unit is planted to the multilayer, the planting layer unit that is located the upper strata is including setting up the illumination module in its lower part, and the planting layer unit that is located the lower floor is including setting up the planting groove in its upper portion.

According to the plant planter provided by the invention, the planting layer units are supported and connected through the upright columns penetrating through the middle part, so that an open space is formed around the planting layer units, no side wall is used for blocking, and a user can plant and pick plants conveniently. In addition, the planting layer unit adopts an integrated unit module structure with the upper part being a planting groove and the lower part being an illumination module, so that the whole structure is more compact and convenient to expand.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a plant growing machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the column in supporting connection with each layer of planting layer units through a disc;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the supporting connection of the upright posts with each layer of planting layer units through the crossed rods;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a plant growing machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the plant growing machine shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a plant growing machine according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a plant growing machine provided by the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

the device comprises 1-upright posts, 11-discs, 12-crossed cross rods, 2-planting layer units, 21-illumination modules, 22-planting grooves, 23-water level limiting water outlets, 24-water outlets, 3-water storage grooves, 4-water pumps, 5-water feeding pipes, 6-water discharging pipes, 7-water level detectors, 8-power modules, 9-power lines and 10-control modules.

Detailed Description

A plant growing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example one

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a plant growing machine provided by the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the plant planter includes: the layer unit 2 is planted with the multilayer that the interval set up about stand 1, and layer unit 2 is planted through the multilayer through running through in the stand 1 support connection at middle part. In the two-layer planting layer unit 2 of arbitrary adjacent in the layer unit 2 is planted to the multilayer, the planting layer unit 2 that is located the upper strata is including setting up illumination module 21 in its lower part at least, and the planting layer unit 2 that is located the lower floor is including setting up planting groove 22 above that at least.

Specifically, the plant planter according to the embodiment of the present invention has a tree structure as a whole as shown in fig. 1, the middle is a column 1, multiple layers of planting layer units 2 are arranged at intervals up and down, the specific number of layers may be 2 (as shown in fig. 1), 3, 4, and 5 (see fig. 4 in the next embodiment) … …, and the multiple layers of planting layer units 2 are arranged in parallel up and down, and the multiple layers of planting layer units 2 are supported and connected by the column 1 penetrating through the middle, that is, the column 1 plays a role in supporting and balancing the planting layer units 2 of each layer.

Further, the support connected mode between layer unit 2 is planted with each layer to stand 1 can have the multiple, for example the shown disc 11 that plants through each layer of figure 2 and plant layer unit 2 and support and be connected, specifically, the fixed disc 11 that is provided with on the stand 1, after stand 1 passed and plants layer unit 2, the bottom surface of illumination module 21 just born this disc 11 on, the part that corresponds with the disc need not to set up the lamp plate in the illumination module 21. In this way, the upright posts 1 only need to penetrate through the planting layer units 2, and the installation is simple. It should be noted that, those skilled in the art will understand that the circular disk 11 in this manner may be a square disk or other shaped support structure. The disc 11 may be externally provided with a decoration cover in consideration of aesthetic appearance. Or, for example, as shown in fig. 3, the supporting connection is performed with the planting layer units 2 on each layer through the matched criss-cross bars 12, specifically, two through holes (two through holes located on two horizontal planes and not parallel or intersecting) with different planes are arranged in the vertical column 1 in a vertically fitting manner along the horizontal direction (i.e. the direction perpendicular to the vertical column 1), and the two through holes with different planes are perpendicular to each other, so as to form two channels for the criss-cross bars 12 to pass through. Correspondingly, the bottom of the planting layer unit 2 is provided with a groove for fixing the crossed rod 12. During the installation, pass two different face through-holes on the stand 1 respectively with two poles of cross 12, pass planting layer unit 2 with stand 1 after, the bottom surface of illumination module 21 just bears this cross 12 on, for strengthening stability, can also be through the bottom surface of screw etc. with the tip fixed connection of cross 12 at illumination module 21. In this way, the cross bar 12 hardly occupies the area of the lamp panel in the illumination module 21 in comparison with the disc 11 in fig. 2, and does not affect the wiring of the water supply pipe, the sewer pipe and the electric wire, and the cross bar 12 is detachable, thereby facilitating the batch transportation. The cross bar 12 may be externally provided with a decorative cover for aesthetic reasons.

For convenient transport or the different number of piles demands that satisfy the user, stand 1 can comprise a plurality of detachable stand units, can take multiple connected modes such as threaded connection, buckle connection between the multistage detachable stand unit.

In the layer unit 2 is planted to arbitrary adjacent two-layer in the layer unit 2 is planted to the multilayer, the planting layer unit 2 that is located the upper strata is including setting up illumination module 21 in its lower part at least, and the planting layer unit 2 that is located the lower floor is including setting up the planting groove 22 of portion above that at least to illumination module 21 in the layer unit 2 is planted to the realization upper strata provides illumination for the planting groove 22 in the layer unit 2 is planted to the lower floor. Taking the plant growing machine with 2-layer planting layer units 2 shown in fig. 1 as an example for explanation, the planting layer unit 2 on the upper layer, i.e. the top-most planting layer unit 2, at least comprises the illumination module 21 arranged on the lower part thereof, the planting layer unit 2 on the lower layer, i.e. the bottom-most planting layer unit 2, at least comprises the planting groove 22 arranged on the upper part thereof, and the illumination module 21 in the top-most planting layer unit 2 provides illumination for the planting groove 22 in the bottom-most planting layer unit 2. The illumination module 21 may specifically employ various light sources, such as an LED lamp panel, and may be provided with a lampshade outside the lamp panel to avoid irritation to human eyes.

According to the plant planter provided by the embodiment of the invention, the planting layer units are supported and connected through the upright columns penetrating through the middle part, so that an open space is formed around the planting layer units, no side wall is used for blocking, and a user can plant and pick plants conveniently. In addition, the planting layer unit adopts an integrated unit module structure with the upper part being a planting groove and the lower part being an illumination module, so that the whole structure is more compact and convenient to expand. In addition, from the angle of manufacturing, the adoption of planting layer unit plants the unit modular structure that groove and illumination module integration set up, and the main functional part of plant planter has all concentrated on planting layer unit to be convenient for batch design, manufacturing and transportation etc. more, simultaneously, the stand that adopts the middle part supports to connect and also is convenient for assemble the modular planting layer unit and carry out the extension of the number of piles in a flexible way.

Example two

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a plant growing machine according to the present invention, and fig. 5 is a perspective view of the plant growing machine shown in fig. 4. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the plant growing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided, on the basis of the above embodiment, the number of the planting level units 2 is at least three, 5 levels are taken as an example in fig. 4 and 5, the top planting level unit 2 at least includes the lighting module 21 arranged at the lower portion thereof, the bottom planting level unit 2 at least includes the planting slot 22 arranged at the upper portion thereof, and the middle planting level unit 2 includes the planting slot 22 arranged at the upper portion thereof and the lighting module 21 arranged at the lower portion thereof.

Specifically, the illumination module 21 in each planting layer unit 2 provides illumination for the planting groove 22 in the planting layer unit 2 located at the next layer.

It should be noted here that the top planting layer unit 2 may only include the illumination module 21 disposed at the lower portion thereof, or may also include the planting groove 22 disposed at the upper portion thereof, as with the middle planting layer unit 2, except that the redundant planting groove 22 is not used in practical application. Alternatively, the plants can be planted in the planting grooves 22 of the topmost planting layer unit 2, and the illumination can be obtained by other light sources, such as sunlight or indoor lighting. Of course, the user may also have his own special design on the upper part of the topmost planting layer unit 2, as required, and this is not limited herein.

Similarly, the planting layer unit 2 at the bottom layer may only include the planting groove 22 arranged at the upper part thereof, and may also include the illumination module 21 arranged at the lower part thereof as the planting layer unit 2 at the middle layer, except that the redundant illumination module 21 is not used in practical application. Of course, the user may also have his own special design at the lower part of the lowest planting layer unit 2 according to the needs, and this is not limited here.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, in practical application, considering that the space occupied by the plants at different growth stages is different, the planting grooves in the planting layer unit 2 at the bottom layer can be used as seedling growing layers, as shown in fig. 5, round holes for inserting the plants into water or nutrient solution on the planting cover plates in the planting grooves at the bottom layer are arranged more densely, so as to plant more plants at the seedling growing stage. After the seedling is raised, the plants can be transferred to the planting groove on the upper surface, so that the plants can grow in enough space and illumination.

According to the plant planter provided by the embodiment of the invention, the planting layer units are supported and connected through the upright columns penetrating through the middle part, so that an open space is formed around the planting layer units, no side wall is used for blocking, and a user can plant and pick plants conveniently. In addition, the planting layer unit adopts an integrated unit module structure with the upper part being a planting groove and the lower part being an illumination module, so that the whole structure is more compact and convenient to expand.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the plant planter provided by the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the plant growing machine provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include a water supply system based on the above embodiment, specifically including: and the water storage tank 3 is arranged below the planting layer unit 2 at the bottommost layer in the multi-layer planting layer units 2 and is used for storing water or nutrient solution. A water pump 4 arranged in the water storage tank 3, and a water feeding pipe 5 connected with the water pump 4. A water level limiting water outlet 23 arranged in the planting groove 22 in the planting layer unit 2, and a sewer pipe 6 (only one layer of schematic structure is shown in the figure) connected with the water level limiting water outlet 23.

Specifically, the water supply pipe 5 can extend from the water pump 4 to the topmost planting groove 22 (i.e., when the topmost planting layer unit 2 includes the planting groove 22, the water supply pipe 5 extends to the planting groove 22 in the topmost planting layer unit 2, and when the topmost planting layer unit 2 does not include the planting groove 22, the water supply pipe 5 extends to the planting groove 22 in the next topmost planting layer unit 2. when water is supplied, the water pump 4 is turned on, the water pump 4 delivers the water or nutrient solution in the water storage tank 3 to the topmost planting groove 22 in the topmost planting layer unit 2 via the water supply pipe 5, and the water outlet of the water supply pipe 5 can be set to be of a faucet structure, so that the water or nutrient solution flows to the topmost planting groove 22.

The water level limiting water outlet 23 arranged in the planting groove 22 in the planting layer unit 2 is used for: in any two adjacent planting layer units 2, when the water level of water or nutrient solution in the planting groove 22 in the upper planting layer unit 2 is higher than the water limit level water outlet 23, the water or nutrient solution flows into the planting groove 22 in the lower planting layer unit 2 through the water limit level water outlet 23 and the sewer pipe 6 connected with the water limit level water outlet 23, and when the water level of the water or nutrient solution in the lowest planting groove 22 is higher than the water limit level water outlet 23, the water or nutrient solution flows into the water storage tank 3 below. The planting grooves 22 of each layer are sequentially acted by the water level limiting water outlets 23, so that the water feeding process (namely the water feeding process) of the whole plant planter can be realized.

It should be noted that, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the height of the water level limiting outlet 23 should be lower than the height of the sidewall of the planting groove 22 to prevent water or nutrient solution from overflowing from the sidewall of the planting groove 22.

Further, the plant planter provided by the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, may further include a drainage system, specifically including: a water outlet 24 arranged at the bottom of the planting groove 22 in the planting layer unit 2, wherein the water outlet 24 is connected with the downcomer 6.

Specifically, the drain port 24 provided at the bottom of the planting groove 22 is used for: in any two adjacent planting layer units 2, when the drainage port 24 at the bottom of the planting groove 22 in the upper planting layer unit 2 is opened (when the drainage port 24 is not drained, the drainage port 24 can be blocked), the water or the nutrient solution in the planting groove 22 flows into the planting groove 22 in the lower planting layer unit 2 through the drainage port 24 and the drainage pipe 6 connected with the drainage port, and can be used for draining the water or the nutrient solution in the planting groove 22 in the upper layer. The effect that loops through outlet 24 between the groove 22 is planted to each layer for water or nutrient solution in the groove 22 are planted to each layer flows to the aqua storage tank 3 of planting layer unit 2 below of bottommost, and at this moment, the planting groove 22 alignment outside of topmost layer can be deviated to the delivery port of upper hose 5, uses as the drain pipe, discharges the water or nutrient solution in the aqua storage tank 3 to the outside, realizes the drainage process of whole plant planter.

Furthermore, considering the simplicity and beauty of the whole plant planter and avoiding messy routing, as a first feasible implementation mode, the water feeding pipe 5 and/or the water discharging pipe 6 can be positioned around the upright post 1 and penetrate through the middle part of the multi-layer planting layer unit 2 together with the upright post 1, and for further beauty, a decorative cover can be arranged outside the water feeding pipe 5 and/or the water discharging pipe 6 to avoid exposing the water feeding pipe 5 and/or the water discharging pipe 6. As a second possible embodiment, the water feeding pipe 5 and/or the water discharging pipe 6 can be arranged inside the upright 1.

Further, in order to prevent water or nutrient solution from overflowing from the side wall of the planting groove 22 in the water feeding process, the water limiting level outlet 23, the water feeding pipe 5 and the water pump 4 need to satisfy the following relations when being arranged: the volume of the water or the nutrient solution flowing through the water-limiting water outlet 23 in unit time is larger than that of the water or the nutrient solution flowing through the water-supply pipe 5 in unit time, namely the water-supply speed is higher than the water-supply speed.

Further, in order to prevent the water or nutrient solution from overflowing from the side wall of the water storage tank 3 during the draining process, the drain port 24, the water supply pipe 5 and the water pump 4 need to satisfy the following relations when being arranged: the volume of water or nutrient solution flowing through the water supply pipe 5 per unit time is larger than the volume of water or nutrient solution flowing through the water discharge port 24 per unit time, i.e., the water supply speed > the water discharge speed.

Furthermore, for convenient connection, the water level limiting water outlet 23, the water outlet 24 and the downcomer 6 can be connected through a three-way structure.

Further, in order to prevent the water storage tank 3 from occupying too much space and to prevent water or nutrient solution from being filled into the water storage tank 3 too frequently when water is supplied, the water storage capacity of the water storage tank 3 may be set to be 1 to 2 times, for example, 1.5 times, the water storage capacity of the planting tank 22.

Further, a water level detector 7 can be further arranged in the water storage tank 3 and used for detecting the water level of water or nutrient solution in the water storage tank 3 in real time and playing a role in limiting the water level.

According to the plant planter provided by the embodiment of the invention, the planting layer units are supported and connected through the upright columns penetrating through the middle part, so that an open space is formed around the planting layer units, no side wall is used for blocking, and a user can plant and pick plants conveniently. In addition, the planting layer unit adopts an integrated unit module structure with the upper part being a planting groove and the lower part being an illumination module, so that the whole structure is more compact and convenient to expand. Through setting up for, drainage system, realized automatic water feeding and drainage, saved the human cost.

Example four

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a plant growing machine provided by the invention. As shown in fig. 7, the plant growing machine provided in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, may further include a power supply system, specifically including: the power supply module 8 arranged in the planting layer unit 2 at the topmost layer in the multi-layer planting layer unit 2 is connected with the illumination module 21 in the planting layer unit 2 through the power line 9 and used for providing a working power supply for the illumination module 21 in the planting layer unit 2 at each layer.

Specifically, the power module 8 may be connected to an external socket, and is configured to convert household power from 220 v to a low voltage, such as 24 v, and provide operating power to each layer of the lighting modules 21 through a plurality of power lines 9.

Further, the power module 8 can be connected with any one or more of the water pump 4, the water level detector 7 and the like in the water supply and drainage system through a power line 9 to supply power for the water pump 4, the water level detector 7 and the like.

Further, the plant planter provided by the embodiment of the invention can further comprise: the control module 10 is arranged in the planting layer unit 2 at the topmost layer in the multi-layer planting layer unit 2 and connected with the power module 8, and is used for connecting or disconnecting the power module 8 with the water pump 4 and/or the electric connection between the illumination modules 21 in the planting layer units 2 at each layer.

Further, consider that whole plant planter is succinct pleasing to the eye, avoid in disorder walking the line, as a feasible implementation mode, power cord 8 can be located stand 1 around, runs through the middle part setting in multilayer planting layer unit 2 with stand 1 together, for further pleasing to the eye, can also set up the one deck and decorate the cover outside power cord 8, avoids exposing power cord 8. As a second possible embodiment, the power cord 8 can be arranged inside the upright 1.

It should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the battery modules may be separately disposed in the planting layer units 2 of each layer to provide a working power supply for the illumination module 21 of the layer, so as to save power lines. In addition, each layer of planting layer unit 2 can also be individually provided with a control submodule, which is respectively connected with the battery module in the layer and the control module 10 in the topmost planting layer unit 2, and is used for connecting or disconnecting the electric connection between the battery module in the layer and the illumination module 21 in the planting layer unit 2 under the control of the control module 10. Each layer of control submodule and the control module 10 can be connected in a wireless mode (such as bluetooth, etc.), so as to reduce the use of power lines.

According to the plant planter provided by the embodiment of the invention, the planting layer units are supported and connected through the upright columns penetrating through the middle part, so that an open space is formed around the planting layer units, no side wall is used for blocking, and a user can plant and pick plants conveniently. In addition, the planting layer unit adopts an integrated unit module structure with the upper part being a planting groove and the lower part being an illumination module, so that the whole structure is more compact and convenient to expand. Through setting up inside power supply system, can avoid in disorder walking the line for plant growing machine is succinct more pleasing to the eye.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant planter, comprising: the planting device comprises a stand column and a plurality of layers of planting layer units which are arranged at intervals up and down, wherein the plurality of layers of planting layer units are connected through the stand column support penetrating through the middle part;

in any two adjacent planting layer units in the multi-layer planting layer units, the planting layer unit positioned on the upper layer comprises an illumination module arranged on the lower part of the planting layer unit, and the planting layer unit positioned on the lower layer comprises a planting groove arranged on the upper part of the planting layer unit;

the water storage tank is arranged below the planting layer unit at the bottommost layer in the multi-layer planting layer units and is used for storing water or nutrient solution;

the water pump is arranged in the water storage tank, and the water feeding pipe is connected with the water pump;

the water level limiting water outlet is arranged in a planting groove in the planting layer unit, and the sewer pipe is connected with the water level limiting water outlet;

the water pump conveys water or nutrient solution in the water storage tank to a planting tank at the topmost layer in the multi-layer planting layer unit through the water feeding pipe;

in any two adjacent planting layer units, when the water level of water or nutrient solution in the planting groove in the upper planting layer unit is higher than the water level limiting water outlet, the water or nutrient solution flows into the planting groove in the lower planting layer unit through the water level limiting water outlet and the water drainage pipe;

the drainage port is arranged at the bottom of the planting slot in the planting layer unit and can be opened/blocked, and the drainage port is connected with the sewer pipe;

in arbitrary adjacent two-layer planting layer unit, when the outlet that is located the planting tank bottom in the planting layer unit on upper strata was opened, the water or the nutrient solution that are located in the planting tank in the planting layer unit on upper strata via the outlet and lower water pipe flow to be located the planting tank in the planting layer unit on lower floor, and this moment the delivery port of water supply pipe deviates from the planting tank on top layer and aims at the outside and regard as the drain pipe with water or nutrient solution in the aqua storage tank discharges to the outside.

2. The plant growing machine of claim 1, wherein the number of the planting level units is at least three, the topmost planting level unit includes at least an illumination module disposed at a lower portion thereof, the bottommost planting level unit includes at least a planting groove disposed at an upper portion thereof, and the middle planting level unit includes a planting groove disposed at an upper portion thereof and an illumination module disposed at a lower portion thereof.

3. The plant growing machine of claim 1, wherein said water supply pipe and/or said water drain pipe are located around said column and are arranged to penetrate through the middle of said multi-layered growing layer unit together with said column.

4. The plant planter according to claim 1, further comprising: the power supply module arranged in the planting layer unit at the topmost layer in the multi-layer planting layer unit is connected with the illumination module in the water pump and/or each layer planting layer unit through a power line and is used for providing a working power supply for the water pump and/or each layer illumination module in the planting layer unit.

5. The plant planter according to claim 4, further comprising: the control module is arranged in the planting layer unit at the topmost layer in the multi-layer planting layer units and connected with the power module and is used for switching on or switching off the electric connection between the power module and the water pump and/or the illumination modules in the planting layer units at each layer.

6. The plant growing machine of claim 5, wherein the power cord is located around the column and runs through the middle of the multi-layered growing layer unit together with the column.

7. The plant growing machine of claim 1, wherein the water level limiting outlet, the drain outlet, the water supply pipe and the water pump are arranged to satisfy the following relationship:

the volume of the water or the nutrient solution flowing through the water limiting water outlet in unit time is larger than that of the water or the nutrient solution flowing through the water feeding pipe in unit time;

the volume of water or nutrient solution flowing through the water feeding pipe in unit time is larger than the volume of water or nutrient solution flowing through the water outlet in unit time.