CN107015191B - One kind single dipole polarization sensitization array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method under multi-path jamming environment - Google Patents
One kind single dipole polarization sensitization array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method under multi-path jamming environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107015191B CN107015191B CN201710351027.9A CN201710351027A CN107015191B CN 107015191 B CN107015191 B CN 107015191B CN 201710351027 A CN201710351027 A CN 201710351027A CN 107015191 B CN107015191 B CN 107015191B
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
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Abstract
The present invention provides one kind single dipole polarization sensitization array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method under multi-path jamming environment, the array, which is used, forms uniform circular array structure with the single dipole of circumferential edges concurrence, the two-dimensional estimation at azimuth and the elevation angle can be performed simultaneously, and it effectively antagonizes multi-path jamming and mathematical modeling is carried out to the narrow band signal of uniform circular array concurrence array received first, principle is lost according to rank of matrix later, dimension-reduction treatment is carried out to polarization MUSIC algorithm four-dimension spectral function, airspace spectral function is constructed, to realize the fast search of airspace two dimension angular.Same polarization sensitization array DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method, dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method of the present invention can be realized quick estimation under conditions of not increasing hsrdware requirements to signal source angle, receive and utilize the effective resolution target of the polarization characteristic of signal source and interference source and interference, it realizes under complex environment to the estimation of target, there is certain engineering application value.
Description
Technical field
Single dipole polarization sensitization array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method that the present invention relates to one kind under multi-path jamming environment, belongs to
In high-resolution refraction algorithm research field.
Background technique
Towards actual combat background under complex electromagnetic environment, sufficiently excavates and utilization lies in the pole in radar antenna and electromagnetic wave
Change information, utilize radar system electromagnetic information obtained to greatest extent, improves passive radar system in bad electromagnetic environment
Under existence and antagonism, enable to adapt to battlefield surroundings complicated and changeable.The polarization constituted based on single dipole antenna
Sensitization array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation is an important research direction of array signal processing, can be connect according to polarization sensitive array
The DOA and polarization information of the electromagnetic wave estimation signal source received.Compared with scalar matrix, polarization sensitive array is to incident electromagnetic wave
Polarization information is sensitive, can obtain simultaneously and using incident electromagnetic wave signal spatial information (si) and polarization domain information, the array with
The form of vector is observed incident electromagnetic wave, and the information of acquisition specifically, can effectively improve the direction finding of direction-finding system
Precision and resolution performance, have strong anti-interference ability.Combine simultaneously with traditional polarization sensitive array DOA with polarization parameter
Estimation method is compared, and this method realizes the angle information in two-dimensional space estimation signal, fast speed, tool in the actual environment
There is critically important application value.
In actual electromagnetic environment, there are various forms of interference, especially when there are one and signal source with the dry of frequency
When disturbing source, signal source angle information cannot be effectively estimated using traditional scalar array algorithm, use polarization sensitive array
DOA is difficult to promote with polarization parameter combined estimation method due to time-consuming larger.Therefore believed according to interference source and the electromagnetism of target
The difference of number polarization information receives angle domain information and the pole of electromagnetic wave using the polarization sensitive array based on single dipole simultaneously
Change domain information, can effectively tell target and interference, quickly target DOA is estimated in two-dimensional space.Simultaneously use by
The uniform circular array that single dipole antenna is constituted can estimate the two-dimentional DOA information of incoming signal, and have and orientation
The unrelated beam angle in angle is in Practical Project using common one of exemplary array.Based on problem above, the present invention proposes one
Kind is suitable for the polarization sensitive array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method constituted under the conditions of multi-path jamming based on single dipole antenna.It realizes
To effective resolution of target and interference source under disturbed condition, and correctly estimate target DOA parameter.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for existing scalar array signal Processing Algorithm cannot effectively resolution target and interference, and based on polarization
Sensitization array DOA and the time-consuming larger problem of polarization parameter combined estimation method propose one kind single dipole in multi-path jamming
Muon polarization sensitization array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method.In the actual environment, by receiving signal source simultaneously using polarization sensitive array
With the polarization of ele information of interference, signal source and interference can be told easily.Firstly, the polarization formed using single dipole
Sensitization array receives signal and calculates its covariance matrix；Secondly, the characteristic value obtained according to covariance matrix Eigenvalues Decomposition
Sources number estimation is carried out with feature vector；Finally, constructing space spectral function using rank of matrix loss principle, it is corresponding to obtain spectral peak
Angle value.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: including the uniform circular array polarization sensitive being made of M single dipole array element
Array and D far field incidence narrow band signal, single dipole antenna and antenna disk border concurrence, steps are as follows:
Step 1: incident using the far field in the uniform circular array polarization sensitive array reception space of single dipole array element composition
Narrow band signal obtains and receives data vector X (t):
X (t)=AS (t)+N (t)
Wherein: X (t) is the data vector of M × 1 of uniform circular array polarization sensitive array, and S (t) is that the D × 1 of spacing wave is tieed up
Vector, N (t) are that the M × 1 of array ties up noise data vector,
Array manifold matrix is tieed up for M × D of space array, whereinFor the steering vector of m-th of signal,
The steering vector of m-th of signal can be analyzed to:
Wherein:For airspace phase of m-th of incoming signal at each array element of array
The diagonal matrix that location factor is constituted is far field incidence narrow band signal direction of arrival angleFunction, unFor m-th of signal in
Airspace phase factor at n-th of array element, B are the polarization sensitive matrixes being made of the polarization sensitive vector of each array element,For the angle domain vector of m-th of signal；For m-th of signal
Polarization vector；
Step 2: covariance matrix R is calculated according to data vector X (t) is receivedX=E { XXH, expectation is asked in E { } expression；
Covariance matrix is calculated using the K independent snap maximal possibility estimation of array output vector x (t) in practical reception
Are as follows:
Step 3: rightEigenvalues Decomposition is carried out to obtain:
Wherein: ΣSFor the corresponding eigenvalue matrix of signal subspace, ΣNFor the corresponding eigenvalue matrix of noise subspace,
USIt is M × D dimensional signal subspace, UNIt is the noise subspace of M × (M-D) dimension；
Step 4: the spectral function of construction two dimension DOAWherein
Step 5: change spectral function in θ andValue, spectrum peak search is carried out to the spectral function of construction, finds out D greatly
The corresponding DOA value of value point.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: of the present invention use single dipole antenna configuration pole
Change the method that sensitization array carries out dimensionality reduction DOA estimation, by using the electromagnetic wave signal of single dipole antenna reception space, construction
Signal data vector is received, and mathematical modeling is carried out according to the uniform circular array array put, constructs array steering vector, and passing
It unites on the basis of signal DOA and polarization parameter Combined estimator MUSIC algorithm, principle is lost according to rank of matrix and rationally derives and constructs
New only includes the two-dimentional spectral function of signal DOA.It is described to be based on single dipole polarization sensitive array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method, it adopts
With single dipole antenna sensitive reception electromagnetic wave signal, compared with traditional scalar MUSIC algorithm, sufficiently receive and using target and
The space phase information and polarization information of interference source improve the resolution ratio to interference.With DOA and polarization parameter Combined estimator
MSUIC algorithm is compared, this algorithm loses principle according to rank of matrix, and construction only includes the spectral function of DOA, is carried out spectrum peak search, is mentioned
Interested target angle information is taken out, algorithm execution speed is very fast, and cost of implementation is low, and direction finding precision is high, differentiates to interference source
Rate is high.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
(1) it is put forward for the first time the uniform circular array polarization sensitive array for utilizing single dipole under multi-path jamming environment, derives base
In the dimensionality reduction DOA algorithm for estimating of the array format, algorithm calculation amount is reduced；
(2) it is put forward for the first time using single dipole polarization sensitive array dimensionality reduction DOA algorithm for estimating anti-multipath jamming, according to target
With interference signal concurrent conditions founding mathematical models, spectral function is constructed using this method, thus resolution target and interference source.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to utilize the single dipole polarization sensitive array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is single dipole polarization sensitive array structure chart；
Fig. 3 is dimensionality reduction DOA estimation space spectrogram, and spectral peak is respectively corresponded as the azimuth of signal source and interference source and faced upward in figure
Angle angle；
Fig. 4 is that dimensionality reduction DOA estimates contour map.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present invention carries out dimension-reduction treatment by the four-dimensional spectral function to DOA and polarization information Combined estimator, constructs and only wraps
Two-dimentional spectral function containing signal space domain angle information, can effective resolution target and interference and the execution speed for improving algorithm.
Meanwhile the estimation side dimensionality reduction DOA is carried out using the single dipole polarization sensitive array the invention also discloses a kind of
The method of method, the present invention include a kind of polarization sensitive array being made of M single dipole antenna, wherein single dipole antenna with
Antenna disk border concurrence；The uniform circular array array, antenna bay are located in xoy plane, and plane and z-axis where antenna bay
Vertically, antenna and the angle of positive direction of the x-axis are respectively ζ1,ζ2,...,ζM, polarization sensitive matrix is B=[g1,g2,g3,g4,g5,
g6,g7,g8]T, wherein gi=[cos (ζi),sin(ζi), 0,0,0,0], i=1 ..., M.
Specific step is as follows:
Step (1): signal model is constructed according to single dipole polarization sensitive array pose pattern.
If the uniform circular array polarization sensitive array and D far field incidence narrow band signal that be made of M single dipole array element, letter
The angle in number incident direction and the face xoy is the elevation angleSignal incident direction is azimuth in xoy projection and positive direction of the x-axis angle
θ.Incoming signal is irrelevant, and with noise statistics independence, then array output M dimensional signal vector be represented by X (t)=AS (t)+
N(t)；
In formula, X (t) is that the M × 1 of array ties up snapshot data vector, and S (t) is the n dimensional vector n of D × 1 of spacing wave, and N (t) is
The M of array × 1 ties up noise data vector,Battle array is tieed up for M × D of space array
Column flow pattern matrix, whereinFor the steering vector of m-th of signal.Steering vector decomposition can be obtainedWhereinIt is m-th of incoming signal in array
The diagonal matrix that airspace phase factor at each array element is constituted is incoming signal direction of arrival angleFunction,The airspace phase factor for being m-th of signal at n-th of array element, xnAnd ynIt is n-th
The coordinate of a array element.B is known as polarization sensitive matrix, is made of the polarization sensitive vector of each array element, when the array element of aerial array is put
When putting position and determining, which is a constant matrices.For the angle of m-th of signal
Domain vector；For the polarization vector of m-th of signal, it is related with the polarized state of signal, but and array
Response characteristic and space structure are unrelated.Therefore steering vector can be expressed asWhereinSo far, complete construction goes out the steering vector of signal, is used for subsequent construction dimensionality reduction airspace spectral function.
Step (2): covariance matrix R is calculated according to data vector X (t) is receivedX=E { XXH, expectation is asked in E { } expression；
Covariance matrix is calculated using the K independent snap maximal possibility estimation of array output vector x (t) in practical reception
Step (3): rightCarrying out feature decomposition can obtainWherein ΣSFor signal subspace sky
Between corresponding eigenvalue matrix, ΣNFor the corresponding eigenvalue matrix of noise subspace, USIt is M × D dimensional signal subspace, UNIt is M
× (M-D) ties up noise subspace (wherein D it is known that accurately estimate).
Step (4): formula is utilizedConstruct the spectral function of two dimension DOA.Wherein
Step (5): change spectral function in θ andValue, spectrum peak search is carried out to the spectral function of construction, finds out D pole
It is big to be worth the corresponding DOA value of point.
It referring to Fig.1, is to utilize the single dipole polarization sensitive array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method flow chart；
It is single dipole polarization sensitive array spatial arrangement structure figure in the present invention referring to Fig. 2, single dipole antenna uses
Uniform circular array arrangement, array element and circumferential edges concurrence, array element radius are r, and array element 1 arrives the angle of array element M and X-axis positive direction
Respectively ζ1,ζ2,...,ζM, it is 90 ° with Z axis positive direction angle.Then defining polarization sensitive matrix is B=[g1,g2,g3,g4,
g5,g6,g7,g8]T, wherein gi=[cos (ζi),sin(ζi), 0,0,0,0], i=1 ..., M.
It is the estimation spectrogram of heretofore described method referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Wherein Fig. 3 is dimensionality reduction DOA estimation space spectrum
Figure, spectral peak respectively correspond azimuth and elevation angles for signal source and interference source；Fig. 4 is that dimensionality reduction DOA estimates contour map.
It is above-mentioned for the present invention it is special for embodiment, be not intended to limit the invention.It is provided by the invention in multi-path jamming ring
It is other antennas that single dipole antenna, which constitutes polarization sensitive array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method and is equally applicable to array-element antenna, under border
Situation.It is not departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, a little adjustment and optimization can done, with protection scope of the present invention to weigh
Subject to benefit requires.
To sum up, the invention discloses one kind under multi-path jamming environment single dipole polarization sensitization array and its corresponding drop
Tie up DOA estimation method.The array, which is used, forms uniform circular array structure with the single dipole of circumferential edges concurrence, can the side of being performed simultaneously
The two-dimensional estimation of parallactic angle and the elevation angle, and effectively antagonize multi-path jamming.Single dipole polarization sensitive array dimensionality reduction described in the invention
DOA estimation method carries out mathematical modeling to the narrow band signal of uniform circular array concurrence array received first, later according to matrix rank defect
Principle is damaged, dimension-reduction treatment is carried out to polarization MUSIC algorithm four-dimension spectral function, constructs airspace spectral function, to realize airspace two dimension
The fast search of angle.Same polarization sensitization array DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method, dimensionality reduction DOA estimation of the present invention
Method can be realized quick estimation under conditions of not increasing hsrdware requirements to signal source angle, receive and using signal source with
The effective resolution target of the polarization characteristic of interference source and interference are realized under complex environment to the estimation of target, have certain work
Journey application value.
Claims (1)
1. one kind single dipole polarization sensitization array dimensionality reduction DOA estimation method under multi-path jamming environment, it is characterised in that: including
The uniform circular array polarization sensitive array and D far field incidence narrow band signal be made of M single dipole array element, single dipole antenna
With antenna disk border concurrence, steps are as follows:
Step 1: the far field incidence narrowband in the uniform circular array polarization sensitive array reception space of single dipole array element composition is utilized
Signal obtains and receives data vector X (t):
X (t)=AS (t)+N (t)
Wherein: X (t) is the data vector of M × 1 of uniform circular array polarization sensitive array, and S (t) is the n dimensional vector n of D × 1 of spacing wave,
N (t) is that the M × 1 of array ties up noise data vector,For sky
Between array M × D tie up array manifold matrix, whereinFor the steering vector of m-th of signal,
The steering vector of m-th of signal can be analyzed to:
Wherein:For airspace phase of m-th of incoming signal at each array element of array because
The diagonal matrix that son is constituted is far field incidence narrow band signal direction of arrival angleFunction, unIt is m-th of signal in n-th
Airspace phase factor at a array element, B are the polarization sensitive matrixes being made of the polarization sensitive vector of each array element,For the angle domain vector of m-th of signal；Believe for m-th
Number polarization vector；
Step 2: covariance matrix R is calculated according to data vector X (t) is receivedX=E { XXH, expectation is asked in E { } expression；
Covariance matrix is calculated using the K independent snap maximal possibility estimation of array output vector x (t) in practical reception are as follows:
Step 3: rightEigenvalues Decomposition is carried out to obtain:
Wherein: ΣSFor the corresponding eigenvalue matrix of signal subspace, ΣNFor the corresponding eigenvalue matrix of noise subspace, USIt is M
× D dimensional signal subspace, UNIt is the noise subspace of M × (M-D) dimension；
Step 4: the spectral function of construction two dimension DOAWherein θ andAzimuth and elevation parameter respectively to be estimated；
Step 5: change spectral function in θ andValue, spectrum peak search is carried out to the spectral function of construction, finds out D maximum point
Corresponding DOA value.
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