CN107012898A - The test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water - Google Patents
The test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water Download PDFInfo
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- CN107012898A CN107012898A CN201710291465.0A CN201710291465A CN107012898A CN 107012898 A CN107012898 A CN 107012898A CN 201710291465 A CN201710291465 A CN 201710291465A CN 107012898 A CN107012898 A CN 107012898A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of a kind of stable artesian water, the soil body in the case in laying simulation place in model casing, the embedded experiment single pile of the soil body in case, vertical loading system includes reaction frame, lever, floating pile presser and counterweight, Water hydraulic static pressure loading system includes water pump, the anti-filter core cylinder of import, export anti-filter core cylinder, power transmission water bag and counter, the delivery port of water pump is connected with anti-filter core cylinder, the anti-filter core cylinder of import is arranged on the water inlet of the wall of model casing, on the delivery port for exporting the wall that anti-filter core cylinder installs model casing, the top surface laying power transmission water bag of the soil body in case, counter is set on power transmission water bag, counter is divided into left and right two parts and is connected with rotating shaft, connected between the counter of two pieces of left and right using spiral cover, spiral cover passes through experiment single pile；Data collecting system includes displacement meter, and displacement meter is located at the top of experiment single pile, and displacement meter is connected with data collecting instrument.Effect of the present invention is good, easy to operate, expense is low, the time is short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test device for stablizing single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of artesian water, it is primarily adapted for use in indoor perpendicular
The research in terms of single-pile vertical orientation bearer properties into static test under the conditions of artesian water, belongs to pile test technical field.
Background technology
With the accelerated development of National urban, construction scope gradually increases, and skyscraper is more and more.Skyscraper it is towering like a mountain peak
Vertical, pile foundation plays indispensable effect, and upper load can be passed to ground by it.In order to reach preferable supporting course, stake
The length of base is continuously increased, and pile foundation is often deep into even across bearing course.Due to the presence of flowing pressure, pressure-bearing water bar
The vertical bearing capacity characteristic under the conditions of vertical bearing capacity and diving under part has a larger difference, and engineering problem is also more
It is complicated.Vertical bearing capacity is generally obtained by live Vertical Static Loading Test, but field test has complex operation, cost
The deficiencies such as height, time length, and be difficult to obtain a large amount of test for static load data, therefore scene can be replaced using indoor Vertical Static Loading Test
Static test.At present, stable high artesian environment is difficult to realize in laboratory test, main cause has：1) closing can not be formed
Artesian aquifer.Bearing course reclaimed water can ooze upwards along the interface at Pile Soil interface, soil and model casing under pressure
Stream, causes the static test under the conditions of high artesian to be difficult to, especially when the pressure head of artesian water is larger, this point
It is especially prominent.2) uplift of soil is even destroyed.According to pressure balance method, when the osmotic pressure of artesian water exceedes oneself of the top soil body
Weight, will occur uplift of soil or even destruction, cause the single-pile vertical orientation static test failure under the conditions of artesian water.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the poor effect of existing single-pile vertical orientation static test mode, complex operation, costly, cycle longer
Deficiency, the present invention provides that a kind of effect is good, easy to operate, single-pile vertical orientation under the conditions of the stable artesian water that expense is low, the time is short
The test device of static test.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
The test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of a kind of stable artesian water, including model casing, vertical loading system
The soil body in the soil body in the case in place, the case is simulated in laying in system, Water hydraulic static pressure loading system and data collecting system, the model casing
Embedded test pile, the vertical loading system includes reaction frame, lever, floating pile presser and counterweight, the floating pile presser and its intermediate part
Connection, the floating pile presser is located at the top of the test pile, and one end of the lever is hinged on the reaction frame, the counter-force
Frame is arranged on the model casing, the other end mounting counterweight of the lever；The Water hydraulic static pressure loading system is anti-including water pump, import
Filter core cylinder, the anti-filter core cylinder in outlet, power transmission water bag and counter, the delivery port of the water pump are connected with anti-filter core cylinder, the import
Anti- filter core cylinder is arranged on the water inlet of model casing wall, and the anti-filter core cylinder in outlet installs the delivery port of the wall of model casing
On, the top surface of the soil body is laid and sets counter on the power transmission water bag, the power transmission water bag in the case, and the counter is divided into
Left and right two parts and it is connected, is connected between the counter of two pieces of left and right using spiral cover with rotating shaft, the spiral cover passes through the experiment
Stake；The data collecting system includes displacement meter, and the displacement meter is located at the top of floating pile presser, the displacement meter and data acquisition
Instrument is connected.
Further, a circle of the model casing, which is provided with roller track, the reaction frame, installs roller, and the roller is installed
On the roller track.
Further, annular sealing rod is installed, the ring seal bar includes screw rod, chute and rubber on the test pile
Sealing rod, the rubber water-proof bar is slidably located in the chute, and the screw rod is stretched into the chute, and the rubber stops
Water bar is located at the outer surface of the test pile.
The power transmission water bag has to be connected between 4, the power transmission water bag by communicating pipe, the communicating pipe and WG
Connection.
The Water hydraulic static pressure loading system also includes the baffle plate for being used to fix the counter, and the baffle plate is installed in rotation on
In baffle plate rotating shaft, the baffle plate rotating shaft is fixed in the model casing.
One end of the lever is connected by edge of a knife hinge with the reaction frame.
It is provided between the mounting groove placed for anti-filter core cylinder, the wall of anti-filter core cylinder and model casing and passes through in the model casing
Rubber ring seal is connected, and valve and WG are installed on the pipeline between the water pump and the anti-filter core cylinder of the import.
Valve is installed in the outlet of the anti-filter core cylinder in outlet, and the lower section of the valve is provided with collecting-tank.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：(1) artesian water is stably and controllable.Bearing course is loaded using compression pump, is protected
The pressure demand of confirmatory test.Pressure size is controlled and adjusted by water pressure.After goal pressure is reached, valve is closed,
Maintain the stabilization of water pressure in the soil body.(2) soil and model casing wall and the sealing of stake Soil Interface are realized.In the setting of stake Soil Interface
Ring seal piece, can stop bottom-up seepage flow.Model casing surrounding increases oozing for artesian water using concavo-convex alternate wall
Flow path, prevents seepage flow.(3) prevent uplift of soil from destroying.Power transmission water bag can be transmitted effectively between counter and the soil body
Pressure, while counter is fixed by baffle plate and spiral cover.So for the impermeable stratum of top, because soil body upper surface is by counter-force
Plate is constrained, it is to avoid seepage flow bulge fracture of the soil body under artesian water effect.(4) simple to operate, expense is low.Relative to scene
For high cost, the device of laboratory test can be assembled as needed, and may be reused.(5) loading force is steady
It is fixed.The unstability for overcoming hydraulic loaded is loaded using counterweight according to lever principle, simultaneously several to stake application weight can be decupled
The load of code weight, increases the test scope of loading device.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for stablizing the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of artesian water.
Fig. 2 is power transmission water bag figure.
Fig. 3 is water squeezing plate top view.
Fig. 4 is sealing rod master drawing.
Fig. 5 is spiral cover master drawing.
Fig. 6 is anti-filter core cylinder and model casing connection figure.
Fig. 7 is reaction frame and model casing connection figure.
Fig. 8 is lever and reaction frame connection figure.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of 1~Fig. 8 of reference picture, a kind of stable artesian water, including model
Soil in the case in laying simulation place in case, vertical loading system, Water hydraulic static pressure loading system and data collecting system, the model casing
The soil body buries test pile in body, the case, and the vertical loading system includes reaction frame, lever, floating pile presser and counterweight, the pressure
Stake device is connected by screw bolts with its intermediate part, and the floating pile presser is located at the top of the test pile, and one end of the lever is hinged
On the reaction frame, the reaction frame is arranged on the model casing, the other end mounting counterweight of the lever；The hydraulic pressure
Loading system includes water pump, the anti-filter core cylinder of import, exports anti-filter core cylinder, power transmission water bag and counter, the delivery port of the water pump
It is connected with anti-filter core cylinder, the anti-filter core cylinder of import is arranged on the water inlet of model casing wall, the anti-filter core cylinder peace in outlet
On the delivery port of the wall of die-filling molding box, the top surface of the soil body is laid and set on the power transmission water bag, the power transmission water bag in the case
Counter is put, the counter is divided into left and right two parts and is connected with rotating shaft, connected between the counter of two pieces of left and right using spiral cover
Connect, the spiral cover passes through the test pile；The data collecting system includes displacement meter, and the displacement meter is located at the top of floating pile presser
Portion, the displacement meter is connected with data collecting instrument.
Further, a circle of the model casing, which is provided with roller track, the reaction frame, installs roller, and the roller is installed
On the roller track.
Further, annular sealing rod is installed, the ring seal bar includes screw rod, chute and rubber on the test pile
Sealing rod, the rubber water-proof bar is slidably located in the chute, and the screw rod is stretched into the chute, and the rubber stops
Water bar is located at the outer surface of the test pile.
The power transmission water bag has to be connected between 4, the power transmission water bag by communicating pipe, the communicating pipe and WG
Connection.
The Water hydraulic static pressure loading system also includes the baffle plate for being used to fix the counter, and the baffle plate is installed in rotation on
In baffle plate rotating shaft, the baffle plate rotating shaft is fixed in the model casing.
One end of the lever is connected by edge of a knife hinge with the reaction frame.
It is provided between the mounting groove placed for anti-filter core cylinder, the wall of anti-filter core cylinder and model casing and passes through in the model casing
Rubber ring seal is connected, and installs valve and water pressure between the water pump and the anti-filter core cylinder of water inlet on pipeline
Meter.
The delivery port of the model casing installs valve, and the lower section of the valve is provided with collecting-tank.
The test device of the present embodiment includes model casing 1；Test pile 2；The soil body 3 in case (including plain fill 31；Silt 32；
Silt clay 33；Sand 34；Leck 35)；Water pressure pump 4；Anti- filter core cylinder 5；Ring seal bar 6；Power transmission water bag 7；Instead
Pressing plate 8；Spiral cover 9；Baffle plate 10；Reaction frame 11；Lever 12；Floating pile presser 13；Counterweight 14；Collecting-tank 15；WG 16；Valve
17；LVDT displacement meters 18；Data collecting instrument 19；Computer control system 20；Baffle plate rotating shaft 21；Counter rotating shaft 22；Male and fomale(M＆F)
23；Edge of a knife hinge 24；Roller 25；Communicating pipe 26；Rubber washer 27；Screw rod 28；Chute 29；Rubber water-proof bar 30.
It is connected by screw bolts between model casing 1 and anti-filter core cylinder 5.The inside of power transmission water bag 7 is using connecting communicating pipe 26, anti-
Pressing plate 8 and the transmission of the soil body 3 pressure in case.Counter 8 is connected with model casing 1 by counter rotating shaft 22, counter 8 and spiral cover 9
It is connected by screw bolts.Baffle plate 10 is connected with model casing 1 by baffle plate rotating shaft 21, and baffle plate 10 is located in counter 8.Reaction frame 11
Roller 25 can be rolled in model casing 1.Lever 12 is connected by edge of a knife hinge 24 with reaction frame 11, and floating pile presser 13 is solid by bolt
It is scheduled on lever 12, for delivering load to test pile 2.Ring seal bar 6 includes screw rod 28, chute 29 and rubber water-proof bar
30, rotating screw rod 28 can move rubber water-proof bar 30 in chute 29, rubber water-proof bar 30 is close to the appearance of test pile 2
Face.LVDT displacement meters 18 and the data line transfer signal of data collecting instrument 19, then data conversion is transferred to computer control system
System 20.
The model casing is assembled by lucite, shaped steel, and shaped steel is to reinforce model casing.The vertical loading system
System is made up of reaction frame, lever, floating pile presser, counterweight.Floating pile presser is connected by bolt with lever, can deliver load to stake
Body.The Water hydraulic static pressure loading system is made up of water pump, stainless steel interface, anti-filter core cylinder, valve, power transmission water bag and counter, baffle plate.
Counter is divided into be made up of left and right two parts, is connected with the counter rotating shaft of model casing, and counter can rotate receipts around the shaft
Rise.2 pieces of counters are connected using spiral cover, while being fixed by 6 pieces of baffle plates.Baffle plate is located at model casing side wall, can be around baffle plate in water
Rotating shaft rotation in plane.Power transmission water bag is divided into 4, can cover whole soil body surface.Using company between each power transmission water bag
Siphunculus is connected, and is connected with WG.The data collecting system is made up of LVDT displacement meters and data collecting instrument, the meter
Band software, can collect and handle test data in calculation machine control system.
The anti-filter core cylinder can be by the layer of sand and water segregation of pervious bed.The ring seal bar can be according to stake size certainly
Row selection.The anti-filter core cylinder is connected using screw thread with model casing.The internal diameter of the spiral cover should be slightly larger than stake footpath, can be according to stake
Footpath is selected.The ring seal bar makes for the material of anti-corrosion, it is to avoid corrosion.The rubber washer is annular, positioned at model
Between case and anti-filter core cylinder.
The box house size of this test model case is 1000mm × 1000mm × 1000m.Tank wall is made by lucite,
Shaped steel is welded to form framework.Field test stake size in engineering is diameter 0.8m, and length is 30m cast-in-situ bored pile.Place
Soil layer is plain fill, silt, silt clay, sand, leck successively from top to bottom, thickness be respectively 2m, 2m, 16m,
4m、6m.Sandy soils are permeable ground, and impervious stratum is silt clay and leck.
The step of method of testing of the present invention, is as follows：
1) size, the material of Model Pile are determined.The shape of Model Pile, Model Pile chi are determined according to the engineering pile size of design
It is very little to carry out scaled down by engineering pile size.This experiment uses 40:1 ratio, accordingly, it can be determined that a length of 750mm of stake, stake footpath
20mm。
2) soil thickness of laboratory test is determined.Clay distribution and its thickness in geology exploration report pressed than
Example reduces.This experiment uses 40:1 scale smaller.Plain fill, silt, very soft sill clay, sand, leck thickness
Respectively 0.05m, 0.05m, 0.4m, 0.1m, 0.15m.
3) size and number of sealing rod are determined.According to the outside dimension of test pile, matching ring seal is selected
Bar, i.e. inside diameter are 20mm.The number of ring seal bar is determined according to artesian water in experiment.3 are used in this example
Ring seal bar.
4) annular sealing rod is installed.Prediction model stake is in the region of silt clay, in the region along highly homogeneously cloth
Put 3 ring seal bars.Ring seal bar is placed into behind relevant position through pile body, bolt is turned, rubber water-proof bar will
Advance under the promotion of bolt, until being contacted with pile body.The seepage flow that stake Soil Interface occurs will be stopped by ring seal bar.
5) bearing course hydraulic pressure pressure is determined.The pressure-bearing hydraulic pressure 0.6MPa at this experimental evidence scene, according to 40:1, experiment pressure
Power is 15kPa, point 3 grades of loadings, 5kPa is loaded first, each loading gradient is 5kPa afterwards.
6) layering laying soil layer, buries test pile.Then the leck layer at stake end is laid in model casing, when being routed to
During the position at stake bottom, pile body is disposed vertically to the center of model casing, and continue order and thickness from bottom to top according to soil layer
Degree lays corresponding soil layer successively, until arriving top plain fill layer.To ensure in each layer process of deployment corresponding soil properties and
Flatness.
7) power transmission water bag is laid.Power transmission water bag is placed in the corresponding position on soil layer top according to sequence number, by power transmission water bag
Water pipe be connected with WG.Can be with the pressure in real-time monitored power transmission water bag by WG.
8) counter is laid.Counter is rotated around the shaft and covered on power transmission water bag, then with spiral cover by the left and right sides
Counter connection is integral, and baffle plate is screwed out on the outside of the model casing, baffle plate is effectively pushed down counter, prevent counter and
The protuberance of power transmission water bag, it is ensured that by artesian water effect bulge fracture will not be occurred for the soil body.
9) vertical loading system and data collecting system are laid.Reaction frame is moved on model casing, lever is in stake
Top top, continues in the whole floating pile presser position of lever regulating, floating pile presser is in directly over stake top.2 LVDT displacement meters are placed in
On support, and it is connected with data collecting instrument, the vertical displacement for testing stake top.
10) bearing course Water hydraulic static pressure loading.The water filling into model casing by water pump, after target hydraulic pressure is reached, continues voltage stabilizing one
Valve is closed after the section time and ensures constant pressure.
11) loading rank is determined, hierarchical loading is carried out.According to《Architecture foundation pile inspection specifications》(JGJ 106-2014)
And maximum single pile static load value is estimated at the beginning of Model Pile, soil parameters, using 10 grades of loadings and it is loaded as the 1/10 of discreet value every time.This reality
Apply in example, bearing capacity of pile foundation is estimated as at the beginning of existing Pile Foundation Code for 10kN, is carried out by every grade of 1kN, is divided into 10 grades of application counterweights.
12) stake top is vertically loaded.Loading is loaded using the maintained load test (ML-test) at a slow speed in current specifications, is specifically added and is unloaded
Classification, test method, stability criterion and ending standard are carried by current specifications progress, data collecting system can record automatically load and
Plus the displacement in uninstall process and residual displacement.
13) the vertical compression ultimate bearing capacity of test pile is determined.The real-time displacement monitored according to loading force and LVDT, can be with
Load-displacement (Q-S) curve of this experiment is drawn out, the value requirement according to current specifications determines that single-pile vertical orientation is carried
Power limiting value.
14) recovery test water and the soil body, dismantle experimental rig, clear up model casing.Instrument is closed, valve is opened, carried out
The recovery of artesian water, then removes reaction frame, opens spiral cover, packs up counter, packs up power transmission water bag successively, the experiment soil body,
Stake, ring seal bar, anti-filter core cylinder, cleaning model casing are tested so as to next time.
15) the vertical bearing capacity characteristic value of single pile is determined.Repeat the above steps 6) -14), obtain the vertical of one group of three pile
Compressive ultimate bearing capacity.When three pile extreme differences are no more than the 30% of average value, its average value is taken as single pile vertical resistance pressure pole
Limit bearing capacity.The vertical bearing capacity characteristic value of single pile takes the 50% of vertical allowable load capacity of single pile.
16) artesian aquifer pressure is adjusted.The pressure value of bearing course hydraulic pressure is adjusted, 5) -15 are repeated the above steps again), obtain
The limiting value and characteristic value of the vertical bearing capacity gone out under the conditions of different artesian pressures.
Claims (8)
1. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of a kind of stable artesian water, it is characterised in that：The test device
Including model casing, vertical loading system, Water hydraulic static pressure loading system and data collecting system, simulation place is placed in the model casing
The soil body buries test pile in the soil body in case, the case, and the vertical loading system includes reaction frame, lever, floating pile presser and counterweight,
The floating pile presser is connected with its intermediate part, and the floating pile presser is located at the top of the test pile, and one end of the lever is hinged on
On the reaction frame, the reaction frame is arranged on the model casing, the other end mounting counterweight of the lever；The hydraulic pressure adds
Loading system includes water pump, the anti-filter core cylinder of import, exports anti-filter core cylinder, power transmission water bag and counter, the delivery port of the water pump with
Anti- filter core cylinder connection, the anti-filter core cylinder of import is arranged on the water inlet of the wall of model casing, the anti-filter core cylinder peace in outlet
On the delivery port of die-filling molding box wall, the top surface of the soil body is laid and set on the power transmission water bag, the power transmission water bag in the case
Counter, the counter is divided into left and right two parts and is connected with rotating shaft, is connected between the counter of two pieces of left and right using spiral cover,
The spiral cover passes through the test pile；The data collecting system includes displacement meter, and the displacement meter is located at the top of floating pile presser,
The displacement meter is connected with data collecting instrument.
2. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
One circle of the model casing, which is provided with roller track, the reaction frame, installs roller, and the roller is arranged on the roller track
On.
3. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：Annular sealing rod is installed, the ring seal bar includes screw rod, chute and rubber water-proof bar, the rubber on the test pile
Glue sealing rod can be slided in the chute, and the screw rod is stretched into the chute, and the rubber water-proof bar is located at the experiment
The outer surface of stake.
4. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：The power transmission water bag has to be connected between 4, the power transmission water bag by communicating pipe, and the communicating pipe is connected with WG.
5. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：The Water hydraulic static pressure loading system also includes the baffle plate for being used to fix the counter, and the baffle plate is installed in rotation on baffle plate
In rotating shaft, the baffle plate rotating shaft is fixed in the model casing.
6. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：One end of the lever is connected by edge of a knife hinge with the reaction frame.
7. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：It is provided with the model casing between the mounting groove placed for anti-filter core cylinder, the wall of anti-filter core cylinder and model casing and passes through rubber
Washer sealing is connected, and installs valve and WG between the water pump and the anti-filter core cylinder of water inlet on pipeline.
8. the test device of single-pile vertical orientation static test under the conditions of stable artesian water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：The delivery port of the model casing installs valve, and the lower section of the valve is provided with collecting-tank.
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| CN201710291465.0A CN107012898B (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | Testing device for single-pile vertical static load test under stable pressure-bearing water condition |
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| CN201710291465.0A CN107012898B (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | Testing device for single-pile vertical static load test under stable pressure-bearing water condition |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110056020A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-26 | 南昌航空大学 | Postposition strength core lengthens concrete-pile experimental rig and method |
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| CN107012898B (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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