CN106999814B - 具有张紧机构的圆柱形过滤网 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种过滤器组合件,其包含过滤网(27),所述过滤网包括多孔材料的带(27'),所述带在两个轴向对准的对置末端(38、38')之间延伸且界定圆柱形周边(29),其中所述末端(38、38')各自紧固到动态张紧机构(46),所述动态张紧机构准许所述末端(38、38')围绕所述过滤网(27)的所述周边(29)相对于彼此双向地移动。
Description
技术领域
本发明是针对圆柱形过滤网,包含从挠曲成圆柱形配置的平坦原材料(例如,“带”)制造的那些圆柱形过滤网。
背景技术
圆柱形过滤网在多种过滤装置中使用,包含如以下专利中描述的水力旋流器:US7632416、US7896169、US8201697、US8663472、US8701896、US8882999、US2012/0145609、US2014/0042083、WO2013/181028、WO2013/181029和WO2014/066036,以上专利的整个标的物以引用的方式并入本文中。在典型实施例中,所述网是从多孔材料的矩形平坦金属带制造,它是通过将所述带挠曲以使得所述带的对置末端对接或重叠以形成圆柱体而组装。所述末端通过焊接、粘合剂、铆钉等而永久地紧固在一起。过滤网由下层支撑框架支撑。所述支撑框架有助于在操作期间使网维持于圆柱形配置。出于成本和重量的原因,所述支撑框架可以由不同于过滤网的材料的材料制造。实例包含具有与金属过滤网的线性热膨胀系数极为不同的线性热膨胀系数的聚合物。因此,支撑框架在操作期间经历显著的热膨胀和收缩。这些热偏移会使过滤网开裂、龟裂或另外有损过滤网的完整性。
发明内容
在一个实施例中,本发明包含一种过滤器组合件,其包含过滤网(27),所述过滤网包括多孔材料的带(27'),所述带在两个轴向对准的对置末端(38、38')之间延伸且界定圆柱形周边(29),其中所述末端(38、38')各自紧固到动态张紧机构(46),所述动态张紧机构准许所述末端(38、38')围绕所述过滤网(27)的所述周边(29)相对于彼此双向地移动。在另一实施例中,本发明包含水力旋流器,其包含前述的过滤网(27)。描述许多其它实施例。
附图说明
通过参考结合附图获得的以下描述可以更好的理解本发明的各个方面,在附图中已经在各个视图的通篇中使用相同的编号来表示相同的部分。所述描绘是说明性的并且并非意图是按比例的或限制本发明。
图1A是示出本发明的一个实施例的正视图。
图1B是沿着图1A中的线1B-1B截取的截面图。
图2是图1A和B中所示的实施例的分解的部分剖视透视图。
图3A是示出在组装之前的过滤网的透视图。
图3B和3C是示出在组装期间和在组装之后的过滤网的实施例的正视图。
图3D和3E是过滤网的替代实施例的正视图。
图4A是图3C中所示的实施例的透视图。
图4B是图4A中所示的实施例的透视图,其包含围绕支撑框架组装的过滤网。
具体实施方式
在一个实施例中,本发明包含圆柱形过滤器组合件。虽然主题的过滤器组合件可以在多种过滤装置中使用,但为易于描述,在水力旋流器的上下文中描述所述过滤器组合件。在另一实施例中,本发明包含进行旋流分离的水力旋流器过滤装置和相关方法。出于本说明书的目的,术语“水力旋流器”是指至少部分依赖通过涡流流体流动产生的离心力来分离流体混合物的组分的过滤装置。实例包含从液体混合物中分离固体颗粒以及包含不同密度的液体(例如,油和水)的混合物的分离。特定应用包含以下各项的处理:由纸张厂生成的纸浆流出物、由油气回收生成的工艺用水、舱底污水以及城市和工业废水。在背景部分中列出的参考文献中描述了具体实例。
图1至2中说明本发明的一个实施例,其包含一般以10示出的水力旋流器,所述水力旋流器包含储槽(12),其具有可拆卸盖子(13)、流体入口(14)、过滤后流体出口(16)、流出物出口(18)、任选的过程流体出口(20)以及包围至少一个、但优选地多个垂直对准腔室(24、30)的内周壁(22)。尽管描绘为包含两个垂直对准的腔室(24、30),但是还可以包含额外的腔室。并且,所述腔室可替代地为水平对准的。类似地,还可以包含额外的流体入口和出口。尽管示出为具有以中心轴线为中心的圆柱形上部部分和截头圆锥形基底,但储槽(12)可以具有包含完全圆柱形形状的其它配置。
过滤器子组合件(26)位于腔室(24)(即“涡流腔室”)内,且包括以轴线(X)为中心且界定周边(29)的的圆形过滤网(27),所述周边围绕轴线(X)同心地定位且包含穿过其中的多个孔隙(32)。过滤网(27)包围与过滤后流体出口(16)流体连通的滤液腔室(36)。任选的流出物分离腔室(30)可以位于涡流腔室(24)下方并且与涡流腔室(24)流体连通。流出物分离腔室(30)适用于从涡流腔室(24)接收未过滤的流体。任选的涡流流动阻挡层(34)可以位于涡流和流出物分离腔室(24、30)之间并且可以经调适以将涡流和流出物分离(24、30)腔室之间的流体流动引导至邻近于储槽(12)的内周壁(22)的位置。涡流流动阻挡层(34)可以经设计以维持流出物分离腔室(24)中的涡流流体流动,并且在流体从涡流腔室(24)流动到流出物分离腔室(30)中时扰乱涡流流体流动(28)。更具体地说,涡流流动阻挡层(34)包含延伸到邻近于储槽(12)的内周壁(22)或与所述内周壁接触的位置的外周边(40),并且可以进一步包含位于周边(40)附近且穿过其延伸的多个孔口(42)。在所说明的实施例中,孔口(42)为扇形的,但也可以使用替代形状。流出物开口或路径(例如导管)(18')居中位于储槽(12)的下部部分中并且与流出物出口(18)流体连通,流出物可以通过所述流出物出口离开储槽(12)。尽管未示出,但是开口(18')或出口(18)可以任选地包含用于选择性地准许流出物从储槽(12)流动的阀门(例如,单向止回阀)。
在操作中,加压的馈送流体(例如,优选地从4到120psi)经由流体入口(14)进入储槽(12),且遵循流体路径(28)并产生围绕过滤器子组合件(26)的涡流。离心力推动较稠密材料朝向储槽(12)的内周壁(22),而不太致密的液体朝向过滤网(27)径向向内流动。此液体的一部分流过过滤网(27)的孔隙(32)进入到滤液腔室(36)中,并且可以借助于过滤后流体出口(16)作为“滤液”离开储槽(12)。剩余的“非滤液”从涡流腔室(24)向下流动到流出物分离腔室(30)。涡流流动阻挡层(34)将此类向下流的大部分(例如,优选地至少75%并且在一些实施例中至少90%)引导到沿着或邻近于储槽(12)的内周壁(22)的位置。此布置被认为有助于维持涡流腔室(24)内的涡流流动,同时随着流体进入流出物分离腔室(30)破坏涡流流动。流体流在流出物分离腔室(30)中减缓,并且较稠密材料(例如,颗粒)优选地朝向储槽(12)的底部沉淀并且随后可以进入流出物开口(18')中并且随后可借助于流出物出口(18)离开所述储槽。流出物分离腔室(30)中的剩余液体(下文称为“过程流体”)向上流入与过程流体出口(20)流体连通的居中定位的过程流体开口或路径(例如,导管)(20')中。在大多数应用中,过程流体表示可以重新使用、弃置或回收回到流体入口(14)以用于进一步处理的中间级产物。“滤液”通常表示可弃置或重新使用的高级产物。“流出物”表示可弃置或进一步处理的低级产物。然而,应了解在一些应用中,流出物可表示贵重的产物。
可以优化馈送流体入口压力以及过滤器子组合件(26)的周边(29)与储槽(12)的内周壁(22)之间的间隔以产生且维持涡流腔室(24)内的涡流流体流动。为了进一步促进涡流流体流动的形成和维持,流体入口(14)优选地围绕涡流腔室(24)引导切向路径上的进入馈送流体,如通过图1A中的虚线箭头所指示。
如图1至2中示出,过滤器子组合件(26)优选地居中定位在涡流腔室(24)内并且与储槽(12)的内周壁(22)均匀间隔开。尽管示为圆柱形的,但是可以使用包含圆锥形过滤器的其它配置。水力旋流器(10)进一步包含用于从过滤网(27)的周边(29)移除碎屑的清洁组合件(48)。清洁组合件(48)可以安装在过滤器子组合件(26)的顶部表面上并且包含径向向外延伸的一个或多个辐条(50)。清洁部件(52)(例如,尼龙或黄铜刷)从辐条(50)的末端向下延伸并且与过滤网(27)的周边(29)接合。虽然示出为刷子(52),但是可使用替代的清洁部件,例如刮片、刀片、辊、刮浆板、刮板等。使用了从2个到60个清洁部件,并且更优选地从6个到24个清洁部件。如通过图2中的弯曲箭头表示,清洁组合件(48)围绕过滤器子组合件(26)旋转,使得刷子(52)清扫网(27)的周边(29)并且清除碎屑。一个或多个桨叶(54)可以安装到至少一个辐条(50)的末端,使得流入涡流腔室(24)中的流体使清洁组合件(48)围绕过滤器子组合件(26)旋转。使桨叶(54)围绕过滤器子组合件(26)均匀地间隔开为清洁组合件(48)的旋转移动增加了稳定性,并且可以帮助维持涡流腔室(24)中的涡流流体流动。桨叶(54)和/或清洁部件(52)可以垂直于过滤网(27)的周边(29)放置,或可以倾斜(例如,从径向轴倾斜-5°至-30°或倾斜5°至30°)。在过滤器与清洁组合件(26、48)之间可以使用轴承以进一步有助于旋转而不会阻碍涡流流体流动。在未示出的替代实施例中,清洁组合件(48)可以由例如电机、磁力等替代方法驱动。
图3A图示了未组装的过滤网(27)的实施例。在此实施例中,过滤网(27)是从在两个对置末端(38、38')之间延伸的多孔材料的矩形平坦带(27')制造。如本文所使用,术语“末端”指代带(27')的最外100mm,即延伸到所述带的纵向(长度方向)边缘的部分。所述带(27')优选地具有从10到1000μm但优选地从100到300μm的厚度,且可选自多种多样的金属,例如电形成的镍和不锈钢。带(27')包含多个孔隙(32),所述孔隙的形状不受特别限制(例如,V形、圆柱形、槽形、网状等)且可取决于特定应用而变化。孔隙(32)优选地覆盖过滤网的表面的超过50%并且更优选地超过90%,且可具有如由SEM所测得的变化或均匀的大小,其平均大小为从1到250μm并且更优选地从5到200μm。在一个优选实施例中,孔隙(32)是轴向对准的狭槽(相对于图2中所示的轴线X),其宽度不大于100μm、并且更优选地不大于50μm(例如,1μm到100μm,更优选地5μm到50μm)。过滤网(27)是通过以下方式组装:将带(27')挠曲为圆柱形配置,使得带(27')的末端(38、38')被拉向彼此,轴向对准,优选地一个末端(38)与另一末端(38')重叠,例如(从10到100mm)。上方重叠末端(38)的径向内表面(39)和/或下方重叠末端(38')的径向外表面(39')可以任选地包含低摩擦涂层或覆盖物(例如,润滑剂、PTFE条带等),其优选地具有小于0.3并且更优选地小于0.1的摩擦系数(如通过ASTMG115-10(2013))测量。所述低摩擦表面促进了末端(38、38')跨越彼此的移动。重叠末端(38、38')的组合厚度优选小于0.5mm厚。在未图示的替代实施例中,将末端(38、38')拉向彼此以形成圆柱体,但通过轴向间隙分隔开,所述轴向间隙通过沿着过滤网(27)的外周边(29)轴向延伸的单独材料条带而桥接。
如图3B、3C、3D和3E中最佳所示,末端(38、38')借助于动态张紧机构(46)紧固在一起,所述张紧机构准许末端(38、38')围绕网的圆柱形周边(29)的圆周相对于彼此双向地移动。张紧机构(46)包含紧固到带(27')的每一末端(38、38')的至少一个弹簧(56)。如本文所使用的术语“弹簧”指代存储机械能的弹性物体。虽然可使用传统的钢张力螺旋弹簧(如图3B和3C以及4A和4B中所示),也可以使用其它构造材料(例如,橡胶带等)(例如参见图3D中的悬臂类型弹簧)。用于将弹簧(56)紧固到末端(38、38')的构件不受特定限制(例如,粘合剂、焊接、铆钉等),但一个优选实施例允许可逆的附接和分离,以使得弹簧(56)可安装、不安装、重新安装或更换而不会损坏过滤网(27)且优选地不需要使用专用工具。在一个实施例中,所述固定构件包含从每一末端(38、38')向内径向延伸的卡扣(58、58')(例如,突片、卡钩等)。卡扣(58、58')的形状不受特别限制且可经配置以容易地与弹簧(56)的末端接合。举例来说,张力线圈或“螺旋状”弹簧通常包含允许与卡扣的可逆附接的环或钩特征。扣环(58、58')可直接附接到过滤网(27)的末端(38、38'),或可附连到安装板(60、60'),所述安装板又紧固到末端(38、38')。用于将安装板紧固到带(27')的技术不受特别限制且包含焊接、粘结和铆接。图3B和3C是优选实施例的正视图,其分别示出了未组装和已组装的过滤网。图4A是图3C的实施例的透视图。
图3E图示了过滤网(27')的另一实施例,其中带(27')的末端(38、38')借助于动态张紧机构(46)紧固在一起,所述张紧机构准许末端(38、38')围绕网的圆柱形周边(29)的圆周相对于彼此双向地移动。在此实施例中,张紧机构(46)包括一体式弹簧(56),所述弹簧是通过使所述带的末端(38')的一部分卷曲以形成轴向对准且柔性的通道(61)而形成。下层末端(38')例如借助于焊接、粘结等直接紧固到重叠末端(38)。虽然末端(38、38')保持固定在其共同附接点,但一体式弹簧(56)通过挠曲而允许所述末端(38、38')之间的相对移动,例如通道(61)可以响应于径向向外力而可逆地展平,且在径向力削弱时(例如,响应于降低的温度)返回到其原始形状。通道(61)内可包含支撑件(63)以在末端(38、38')之间的重叠界面处提供流体密封。适用的支撑材料包含聚合泡沫、柔性粘合剂等。
过滤器子组合件(26)在图4B中示出为包含由下层支撑框架(44)支撑的过滤网(27)。所述支撑框架(44)有助于在操作期间使网(27)维持于圆柱形配置。在所说明的实施例中,支撑框架(44)是圆形肋状物(62)和轴向支撑件(64)的圆柱形栅格,其界定圆柱形外周边(45)(图2中最佳所示)。过滤网围绕框架(44)的外周边(45)同心地安装。支撑框架(44)是从不同于过滤网(27)的材料的材料制造。实例包含具有与过滤网(27)的线性热膨胀系数极为不同的线性热膨胀系数的聚合物(例如,聚碳酸酯)。在操作期间,框架(44)可能经受显著的热膨胀和收缩,这会使过滤网(27)开裂、龟裂或另外有损过滤网的完整性。张紧机构(46)通过允许过滤网(27)与支撑框架(44)同心地膨胀和收缩而减轻此影响。举例来说,支撑框架(44)例如当暴露于热时的膨胀产生向外径向力,这使张紧机构(46)的弹簧(56)膨胀且允许过滤网(27)的末端(38、38')相对于彼此移动以界定具有放大圆周的周边(29)。类似地,在冷却时,支撑框架(44)径向收缩且过程逆转。贯穿膨胀和收缩的过程,过滤网(27)维持于围绕支撑框架(44)的大体上圆柱形配置。
过滤器子组合件(26)可另外包含抗旋转机构,其防止过滤网(27)围绕支撑框架(44)同心地旋转。所述抗旋转机构可包含互锁特征,例如栅格(62、64)内的狭槽(66)以及从过滤网(27)的内周边径向向内延伸的突片(68)。当组装时,突片(68)静置于狭槽(66)内且抵靠着轴向支撑件(64)。相对于在图3E和4中说明的实施例,弹簧(56)也可通过静置于狭槽(66)内且抵靠着轴向支撑件(64)而充当抗旋转机构。在替代实施例中,过滤网(27)的内周边与支撑框架(44)的外周边(例如,支撑肋(62))之间的接触表面可包含高摩擦涂层或覆盖物,其优选地具有至少0.5的摩擦系数(如通过ASTM G115-10(2013))测量。所述高摩擦涂层减少所述两个周边表面之间的同心旋转。
Claims (7)
1.一种过滤器组合件,其包括过滤网(27),所述过滤网包括多孔材料的带(27'),所述带在两个轴向对准的对置末端(38、38')之间延伸,所述两个轴向对准的对置末端从10到100mm彼此重叠且界定圆柱形周边(29),
其中上方重叠末端(38)包含径向内表面(39)且下方重叠末端(38')具有径向外表面(39'),且其中所述上方重叠末端(38)的径向内表面(39)和所述下方重叠末端(38')的径向外表面(39')中的至少一个包含低摩擦覆盖物,所述低摩擦覆盖物具有通过ASTM G115-10(2013)测得的小于0.3的摩擦系数,
其中所述组合件特征在于所述末端(38、38')各自紧固到动态张紧机构(46),所述动态张紧机构准许所述末端(38、38')围绕所述过滤网(27)的所述周边(29)相对于彼此双向地移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的过滤器组合件,其中所述动态张紧机构(46)包括紧固到所述带(27')的每一末端(38、38')的至少一个弹簧(56)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的过滤器组合件,其进一步包括从所述带(27')的每一末端(38、38')径向向内延伸的卡扣(58、58'),且其中所述弹簧(56)紧固到所述卡扣(58、58')。
4.根据权利要求3所述的过滤器组合件,其进一步包括紧固到所述带的所述末端(38、38')的安装板(60、60'),且其中所述卡扣(58、58')从所述安装板(60、60')径向向内延伸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的过滤器组合件,其进一步包括支撑框架(44),所述支撑框架包括界定圆柱形外周边(45)的圆形肋状物(62)和轴向支撑件(64)的圆柱形栅格,且其中所述过滤网(27)围绕所述框架(44)的所述外周边(45)同心地安装。
6.根据权利要求1所述的过滤器组合件,其中所述覆盖物是涂层。
7.根据权利要求1所述的过滤器组合件,其进一步包括水力旋流器(10),所述水力旋流器包括:
储槽(12),其包含流体入口(14)、过滤后流体出口(16)、流出物出口(18)以及包围至少一个腔室(24)的内周壁(22);
过滤器子组合件(26),其位于所述腔室(24)内并且包括所述过滤网(27),其中所述过滤网(27)为圆柱形并且以轴线(X)为中心,并且所述带(27')包含穿过其的多个孔(32),且其中所述过滤网(27)包围与所述过滤后流体出口(16)流体连通的滤液腔室(36),使得穿过所述孔(32)的流体进入所述滤液腔室(36)并且可以借助于所述过滤后流体出口(16)离开所述储槽(12);以及
清洁组合件(48),其包括至少一个清洁部件(52),所述至少一个清洁部件相对于所述过滤网(27)的所述周边(29)偏置并且经调适以围绕所述过滤网(27)的所述周边(29)旋转。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20170368481A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
CA2971175C (en) | 2024-01-23 |
CA2971175A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
CN106999814A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
EP3233236A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
WO2016099822A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
US10207205B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 |
EP3233236B1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
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