CN106990412A - A kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system - Google Patents

A kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system Download PDF

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CN106990412A
CN106990412A CN201710330065.6A CN201710330065A CN106990412A CN 106990412 A CN106990412 A CN 106990412A CN 201710330065 A CN201710330065 A CN 201710330065A CN 106990412 A CN106990412 A CN 106990412A
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registering
registration
standard point
point
offset
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CN106990412B (en
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张勇
邱鹏宇
赵远
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S17/90—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10032—Satellite or aerial image; Remote sensing
    • G06T2207/10044—Radar image

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system, is related to the image registration algorithm of InSAL systems, in order to which the method for registering registration effect for solving InSAR is poor, registering slow-footed problem.The invention includes estimating the yardstick of registration translation, standard point rough registration is carried out using maximal correlation function as registering scale, delimit split position, standard point between two split positions is nearly zero doppler position standard point, the registering offset of standard point essence is obtained using spectrum method for registering, standard point outside two split positions is remote zero doppler position standard point, the registering offset of standard point essence is obtained as registering scale using maximal correlation function, the registering offset combination of standard point essence is obtained to the standard point essence registration skew moment matrix of master image, determine the offset of the pixel of any one in master image；According to offset, resampling is carried out to auxiliary image using Cubic Spline Interpolation method.The present invention is applied to the image registration of InSAL systems.

Description

A kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for registering images of InSAL systems.
Background technology
The method for registering images of InSAL (interference synthetic aperture laser radar) system is typically chosen the realization of InSAR algorithms, but Because the signal source difference of system causes the source of system noise different.In general InSAR (interfering synthetic aperture radar) system Various forms of radiofrequency signals required for system both are from radar frequency synthesizer.Current radar Frequency Synthesizer is made with oscillator On the basis of source, its frequency drift and phase noise can directly affect the precision and reliability of system.And for InSAL, Because InSAL echo reception relies on photodetector, the main noise source of photodetector is shot noise and thermal noise. Wherein, shot noise includes the shot noise of flashlight, bias light and dark current.InSAR registration Algorithm is for containing white Gaussian The InSAL system single-view registration effects of noise are poor, and slower with Quasi velosity.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve InSAR method for registering for the InSAL system haplopias containing white Gaussian noise Figure registration effect is poor, registering slow-footed problem, so as to provide a kind of image registration of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system Method.
A kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: selecting 1 reference point in master image, the region that M × M delimited using centered on the reference point is used as registration Window；
Point corresponding with the reference point in master image is selected on auxiliary image, N × N region delimited centered on the point, The region that M × M is chosen in the region carries out registration with registering window according to coefficient correlation, so as to estimate the chi of registration translation Degree；M and N are positive integer, and M ＜ N；
Step 2: selecting multiple standard points in master image, M × M region delimited centered on a standard point respectively As registering window, the yardstick of the registration translation estimated on auxiliary image according to step one delimit Q × Q search window, with Maximal correlation function carries out standard point rough registration as registering scale, obtains rough registration offset；Q is positive integer, and M ＜ Q ＜ N；
Repeat step two, until multiple standard point rough registrations are finished in master image；
Step 3: the rough registration offset obtained according to step 2, A × A search window is selected on auxiliary image, is gone forward side by side Row interpolation, i.e., insert Y point between adjacent 2 points, obtain [(A-1) × Y+A] × [(A-1) × Y+A] new search window Mouthful；A and Y are positive integer, and A ＜ M；
S × S window delimited centered on the reference point in master image, row interpolation of going forward side by side interleaves at adjacent 2 points Enter Y point, obtain [(S-1) × Y+S] × [(S-1) × Y+S] new registering window；S is positive integer, and S ＜ A；
Choose at one o'clock as the first split position in orientation, the first split position is done in the doppler position of orientation zero After symmetrical, the standard point obtained between the second split position, two split positions is nearly zero doppler position standard point, using spectrum Method for registering obtains the first scale standard point essence registration as registering scale with reference to new search window and new registering window Standard point outside offset, two split positions is remote zero doppler position standard point, using maximal correlation function as with Fiducial mark degree, second of registering offset of scale standard point essence is obtained with reference to new search window and new registering window；
Step 4：The registering offset combination of the standard point obtained in step 3 by two kinds of scales essence is obtained into master image Standard point essence registration skew moment matrix, determines the offset of the pixel of any one in master image；
Step 5：The offset obtained according to step 4, is weighed using Cubic Spline Interpolation method to auxiliary image Sampling, completes image registration.
Preferably, the skew for determining any one pixel in master image is fitted in the step 4 by quadratic polynomial Amount, the quadratic polynomial fitting uses homogeneous equation group, and homogeneous equation group is shown in formula (1),
Wherein a1、a2To f1、f2It is fitting parameter, (x1,y1) for the cell coordinate in master image, (x2,y2) supplemented by image The corresponding coordinate of upper cell coordinate corresponding to master image.
Preferably, the maximal correlation function is realized using amplitude correlation function or compound correlative function.
Registration is carried out for the rough registration registering scale different with smart registering selection in the image registration of the present invention, to improve Registering efficiency and precision；Different registering scales are selected to carry out registration to position for different azimuth in smart registration.The present invention Registration accuracy it is high, it is fast with Quasi velosity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system described in embodiment one Flow chart.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Present embodiment, a kind of interference synthesis described in present embodiment are illustrated with reference to Fig. 1 The method for registering images of aperture laser radar system, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: in master image select 1 reference point, using centered on the reference point delimit 21 × 21 region as with Quasi- window；
Point corresponding with the reference point in master image is selected on auxiliary image, 300 × 300 area delimited centered on the point Domain, the region that 21 × 21 are chosen in the region carries out registration with registering window according to coefficient correlation, so that it is flat to estimate registration The yardstick of shifting；
Step 2: selecting multiple standard points in master image, 21 × 21 area delimited centered on a standard point respectively Domain is as registering window, the yardstick of the registration translation estimated on auxiliary image according to step one, delimits 31 × 31 search window Mouthful, standard point rough registration is carried out using maximal correlation function as registering scale, rough registration offset is obtained；
Repeat step two, until multiple standard point rough registrations are finished in master image；
Step 3: the rough registration offset obtained according to step 2, the search window of selection 5 × 5, goes forward side by side on auxiliary image Row interpolation, i.e., insert 9 points between adjacent 2 points, obtains 41 × 41 new search window；
3 × 3 window delimited centered on the reference point in master image, and carries out same interpolation, i.e., at adjacent 2 points Between insert 9 points, obtain 21 × 21 new registering window；
Choose at one o'clock as the first split position in orientation, the first split position is done in the doppler position of orientation zero After symmetrical, the standard point obtained between the second split position, two split positions is nearly zero doppler position standard point, using spectrum Method for registering obtains the first scale standard point essence registration as registering scale with reference to new search window and new registering window Standard point outside offset, two split positions is remote zero doppler position standard point, using maximal correlation function as with Fiducial mark degree, second of registering offset of scale standard point essence is obtained with reference to new search window and new registering window；
Step 4：The registering offset combination of the standard point obtained in step 3 by two kinds of scales essence is obtained into master image Standard point essence registration skew moment matrix, determines the offset of the pixel of any one in master image；
Step 5：The offset obtained according to step 4, is weighed using Cubic Spline Interpolation method to auxiliary image Sampling, completes image registration.
The offset for determining any one pixel in master image, described two are fitted in the step 4 by quadratic polynomial Order polynomial fitting uses homogeneous equation group, and homogeneous equation group is shown in formula (1),
Wherein a1、a2To f1、f2It is fitting parameter, (x1,y1) for the cell coordinate in master image, (x2,y2) supplemented by image The corresponding coordinate of upper cell coordinate corresponding to master image.
Multiple pixels are selected in master image respectively as multiple standard points, according to the standard point coordinates in master image, mark The offset of essence registration skew moment matrix Plays point, obtains cell coordinate corresponding to master image on auxiliary image corresponding on schedule Coordinate, the corresponding coordinate of the corresponding cell coordinate on the cell coordinate in master image, auxiliary image is substituted into formula (1), obtained To fitting parameter a1、a2To f1、f2, then by the coordinate substitution formula (1) of the pixel of any one in master image, you can obtain auxiliary The corresponding coordinate of cell coordinate corresponding to master image on image, according on the coordinate of pixel in master image and auxiliary image with master The corresponding coordinate of the corresponding cell coordinate of image obtains the offset of the pixel of any one in master image.
Resampling is carried out to auxiliary image, that is, realize on auxiliary image the corresponding coordinate of cell coordinate corresponding to master image with The corresponding cell coordinate of master image is identical.
The maximal correlation function is realized using amplitude correlation function.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power Profit is required rather than described above is limited, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling Change is included in the present invention.
Although describing the present invention herein with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that, these realities Apply the example that example is only principles and applications.It should therefore be understood that can be carried out to exemplary embodiment Many modifications, and can be designed that other arrangements, the spirit of the invention limited without departing from appended claims And scope.It should be understood that can be by way of different from described by original claim come with reference to different appurtenances Profit is required and feature specifically described herein.It will also be appreciated that the feature with reference to described by separate embodiments can be used In other described embodiments.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: selecting 1 reference point in master image, the region that M × M delimited using centered on the reference point is used as registering window Mouthful；
Point corresponding with the reference point in master image is selected on auxiliary image, N × N region delimited centered on the point, at this The region that M × M is chosen in region carries out registration with registering window according to coefficient correlation, so as to estimate the yardstick of registration translation；M It is positive integer with N, and M ＜ N；
Step 2: in master image select multiple standard points, respectively using centered on a standard point delimit M × M region as Registering window, the yardstick of the registration translation estimated on auxiliary image according to step one, delimit Q × Q search window, with maximum Correlation function carries out standard point rough registration as registering scale, obtains rough registration offset；Q is positive integer, and M ＜ Q ＜ N；
Repeat step two, until multiple standard point rough registrations are finished in master image；
Step 3: the rough registration offset obtained according to step 2, selects A × A search window on auxiliary image, and inserted Value, i.e., insert Y point between adjacent 2 points, obtain [(A-1) × Y+A] × [(A-1) × Y+A] new search window；A and Y is positive integer, and A ＜ M；
S × S window delimited centered on the reference point in master image, row interpolation of going forward side by side inserts Y that is, between adjacent 2 points Point, obtains [(S-1) × Y+S] × [(S-1) × Y+S] new registering window；S is positive integer, and S ＜ A；
Choose at one o'clock as the first split position in orientation, the first split position is done symmetrically in the doppler position of orientation zero Afterwards, it is nearly zero doppler position standard point to obtain the standard point between the second split position, two split positions, using spectrum registration Method obtains the essence registration skew of the first scale standard point as registering scale with reference to new search window and new registering window Standard point outside amount, two split positions is remote zero doppler position standard point, using maximal correlation function as with fiducial mark Degree, second of registering offset of scale standard point essence is obtained with reference to new search window and new registering window；
Step 4：The registering offset combination of the standard point obtained in step 3 by two kinds of scales essence is obtained to the standard of master image Point essence registration skew moment matrix, determines the offset of the pixel of any one in master image；
Step 5：The offset obtained according to step 4, resampling is carried out using Cubic Spline Interpolation method to auxiliary image, Complete image registration.
2. a kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system according to claim 1, its feature exists In, the offset for determining any one pixel in master image is fitted in the step 4 by quadratic polynomial, it is described secondary many Item formula fitting uses homogeneous equation group, and homogeneous equation group is shown in formula (1),
x 2 = a 1 x 1 2 + b 1 y 1 2 + c 1 x 1 + d 1 y 1 + e 1 x 1 y 1 + f 1 y 2 = a 2 x 1 2 + b 2 y 1 2 + c 2 x 1 + d 2 y 1 + e 2 x 1 y 1 + f 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein a1、a2To f1、f2It is fitting parameter, (x1,y1) for the cell coordinate in master image, (x2,y2) supplemented by image with The corresponding coordinate of the corresponding cell coordinate of master image.
3. a kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system according to claim 1, its feature exists In the maximal correlation function is realized using amplitude correlation function or compound correlative function.
CN201710330065.6A 2017-05-11 2017-05-11 A kind of method for registering images of interference synthetic aperture laser radar system Expired - Fee Related CN106990412B (en)

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