CN106990391A - Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system and array optimization method based on pitching MIMO - Google Patents
Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system and array optimization method based on pitching MIMO Download PDFInfo
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- CN106990391A CN106990391A CN201710299712.1A CN201710299712A CN106990391A CN 106990391 A CN106990391 A CN 106990391A CN 201710299712 A CN201710299712 A CN 201710299712A CN 106990391 A CN106990391 A CN 106990391A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses based on wideband radar system from pitching to MIMO systems and its array optimization method, with reference to frequency plot composite coding synthesized wideband signal treatment technology and sparse MIMO array signal processing technology, it is possible to achieve to the efficient and detected with high accuracy of low target.The system includes antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform and produces subsystem, the comprehensive subsystem of frequency, signal transacting subsystem and display and control terminal subsystem；Waveform produces subsystem and produces six passage intermediate-freuqncy signals by digital-to-analogue conversion DAC broadcasting boards, and the intermediate-freuqncy signal form uses frequency plot compound coded signal；Six passage intermediate-freuqncy signals enter the comprehensive subsystem of frequency, through radio-frequency channel subsystem and transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, antenna subsystem formation launching beam, transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem receives the echo-signal of target, echo-signal obtains one-dimensional range profile and once puts mark through radio-frequency channel subsystem, the comprehensive subsystem of frequency, signal transacting subsystem.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radar system technical field, and in particular to the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar based on pitching MIMO
System and its array optimization method.
Background technology
Wideband radar can provide abundant target information, with higher Target detection and identification ability, anti-clutter, anti-dry
Disturb ability strong.Phased-array radar can carry out swift electron scanning, while Adaptive beamformer technology formation zero can be utilized
Point, carries out AF panel, performance is much better than conventional radar, but has paid the costs such as cost is high, power consumption is big, technical requirements are high.
It is anti-by substantial amounts of ground object radar because obstruction near the ground is more when using radar detection low target
Blackberry lily is disturbed and stopped, therefore in the low-altitude detection field of radar, detection efficient and precision are restricted.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system and its array based on pitching MIMO are excellent
Change method, with reference to frequency plot composite coding synthesized wideband signal treatment technology and sparse MIMO array signal processing technology,
The efficient and detected with high accuracy to low target can be realized,.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：
It is a kind of based on Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system from pitching to MIMO systems, including antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving
Component subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform produce subsystem, the comprehensive subsystem of frequency, signal transacting subsystem and aobvious control eventually
Hold subsystem.
Antenna subsystem uses pitching to the sparse Multiinputoutput MIMO array of six passages.
Waveform produces subsystem and produces six passage intermediate-freuqncy signals, the intermediate-freuqncy signal by digital-to-analogue conversion DAC broadcasting boards
Form uses frequency plot compound coded signal, that is, passes through frequency coding and phase code, it is ensured that between each passage intermediate-freuqncy signal
Orthogonality；Six passage intermediate-freuqncy signals enter the comprehensive subsystem of frequency.
Frequently comprehensive subsystem carries out up-conversion to six road frequency plot composite coding orthogonal signalling, and six road frequency plots are compound to be compiled
The signal that frequency after code orthogonal signalling up-conversion meets after the transmitting-receiving frequency of transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, up-conversion is sent to radio frequency
Channel subsystem.
Signal after up-conversion is converted to radiofrequency signal and sent to transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem by radio-frequency channel subsystem.
Transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem launches radiofrequency signal by antenna subsystem, forms launching beam, transmitting-receiving subassembly
Subsystem receives the echo-signal of target by antenna subsystem simultaneously, and echo-signal is sent to by radio-frequency channel subsystem
Frequently comprehensive subsystem.
Frequently the frequency that comprehensive subsystem is carried out after down coversion, echo-signal down coversion to echo-signal meets signal transacting point
Echo-signal after the working frequency of system, down coversion is sent to signal transacting subsystem.
Signal transacting subsystem carries out processing to echo-signal and obtains one-dimensional range profile and once put mark；Signal transacting divides
System receives the control instruction of line traffic control terminal, and putting mark by one-dimensional range profile and once under the control of control instruction is sent to display and control terminal
Shown.
Further, based on Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system from claim 1 pitching to MIMO systems, it is therein
The position optimization of each array element in array is completed in six channel factor MIMO arrays using simulated annealing, optimization criterion is direction
Scheme no graing lobe and peak sidelobe meets system requirements.
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1, setting array co-ordinates border, give the initial value of beam position；
Step 2, current beam sensing under utilize simulated annealing, using array pattern peak sidelobe ratio for optimize letter
Number, it is determined that the array element coordinate of optimization.
To the array element coordinate of optimization, broad sense raised cosine is introduced, broad sense raised cosine letter is optimized using simulated annealing method
Several coefficient so that the peak side-lobe for the orientation diagram that the current beam calculated using the broad sense raised cosine after optimization is pointed to
Than meeting default requirement, it is determined that the broad sense raised cosine after optimization.
Step 3, judge in the array element coordinate that current beam points to lower optimization, whether array element coordinate spacing meets system will
Ask, be unsatisfactory for, give up the result of the array co-ordinates position optimization, reset beam position currency, return to step 2, otherwise
Into step 4.
Step 4, the weight vector under all beam positions is calculated using the broad sense raised cosine after optimization, and obtain correspondence
Directional diagram under the beam position, calculated direction figure peak sidelobe ratio, if under all beam positions by corresponding directional diagram peak value
Valve then disposes result than being satisfied by default requirement using the array element coordinate of optimization as element position, otherwise return to step 2.
Result is disposed with element position element position setting is carried out to six channel factor MIMO arrays.
Further, the broad sense raised cosine in step 2 is specially：
Win (v)=(1-a)-acos [2 π (v-1)/(N-1)], 0≤a≤0.5
Wherein, win (*) represents the windowed function of the corresponding directional diagram weight vectors of array element v, and N represents element number of array, and v is represented
Current array element sequence number, a represents window function Optimal Parameters.
Weight vector in step 4 is：
W=[R-1α(θ0)]·win
Wherein θ0Beam position is represented, R represents the interference noise covariance matrix of array, α (θ0) represent that current beam is pointed to
Under goal orientation vector, represent dot product.
Beneficial effect：
1st, the invention provides, to the wideband radar system of MIMO systems, closed based on pitching using frequency plot composite coding
High resolution range, clutter recognition are realized into broadband signal.Using pitching to sparse MIMO array technology formation Virtual array, drop
Low system cost.Antenna radiation pattern null is produced using the Adaptive beamformer technology based on MIMO, to land clutter and interference
Suppressed.Frequency plot compound coded signal that the system is used, Adaptive beamformer technology, can be to the low elevation angle
The land clutter of lower entrance radar receiver is effectively suppressed, and low target signal to noise ratio is improved, therefore, it is possible to realize to low latitude
The efficient accurately detecting of target.
2nd, element position deployment is carried out using improved array optimization method for above-mentioned wideband radar system in the present invention,
While the peak of the coefficient of the suitable broad sense raised cosine of optimizing, further reduction directional diagram on the basis of optimizing array element coordinate
Value secondary lobe ratio is so that the directional diagram sidelobe level of different angles is in zone of reasonableness.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system block diagram to MIMO systems based on pitching.
Embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1：As shown in figure 1, the present invention be it is a kind of based on Low Altitude Target Detection broadband thunder from pitching to MIMO systems
Up to system, using pitching to the sparse Multiinputoutput MIMO array of six passages, Low Altitude Target Detection is primarily useful for, such as airport is attached
Near bird feelings detection.The system by antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform produce subsystem,
Frequently comprehensive subsystem, AC/DC power subsystems, servo turntable subsystem and signal transacting subsystem, display and control terminal subsystem etc.
Composition.Waveform produces subsystem and produces six road frequency plot composite coding orthogonal signalling by DAC boards, through the comprehensive subsystem of frequency,
Radio-frequency channel subsystem up-conversion, produces six tunnel radiofrequency signals.T/R components in transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem deliver to radiofrequency signal
Antenna subsystem, forms launching beam.Echo from target is received through antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, radio frequency letter
After road subsystem down coversion, intermediate-freuqncy signal is obtained.The main processing of signal transacting subsystem include A/D conversions, Digital Down Convert,
Pulse compression, digital beam froming, PD processing, MTI, MTD, two dimension CFAR, once Monopulse estimation, the processing such as point mark formation,
And obtained one-dimensional range profile will be handled and mark is once put give display and control terminal.Signal transacting subsystem passes through kilomega network and aobvious control
Terminal is connected, and can facilitate networking, and by radar working condition, once point mark reports display and control terminal, and receive from display and control terminal
Control command etc..Display and control terminal completes radar operation, data processing (secondary mark), tabular value calculating, mesh by network control
Mark and presentation of information, the task such as three D map backgrounds are shown, overlay area is shown.
The embodiment further optimized be radar system using frequency plot compound coded signal have good distance and
Doppler's resolution performance.The signal has narrower instant bandwidth, can be worked under conditions of narrow-band transmitter, receiver,
It is easy to Project Realization.Range ambiguity, clutter Fold are not present in frequency plot compound coded signal echo, long distance is improved
From the detectivity of Small object.
Radar system uses MIMO radar thinned array technology.Difference transmitting array element transmitting orthogonal signalling, can received
End is matched to the orthogonal signalling of transmitting by matched filtering and separated, and forms virtual emission-reception wave beam.Using simulated annealing
The position optimization of each array element in array is completed, optimization criterion is that directional diagram does not have graing lobe and peak sidelobe meets system and wanted
Ask, so as to realize desired directional diagram with array element as few as possible, reduce main lobe width broadening, while suppressed sidelobes, reduction
System cost.
Common simulation method for annealing, in the case where not considering channel weighting, by the position (two ends for adjusting middle array element
Array element is placed on two ends and ensures array bore), make the peak sidelobe ratio of array pattern minimum.Its Optimizing Flow is as follows：
The 1st, array co-ordinates border is set, gives initial beam and points to；
2nd, traditional analog annealing algorithm is utilized under the beam position, using array pattern peak sidelobe ratio as optimization letter
Number, completes array co-ordinates position optimization under the sensing；
3rd, in view of actual antennas size, give up if array element coordinate spacing is unsatisfactory for requiring, repeat 2；
4th, the array element arrangement after 3 are handled is physically realizable coordinate, now changes one group of beam position and is sat with this
Calculated direction figure peak sidelobe ratio is marked, if more than pre-determined threshold, repeatedly 2, re-optimization array co-ordinates；Obtain one group it is suitable
Array element coordinate position.
With reference to the actual application background of Low Altitude Target Detection, optimizing need to be traveled through most in the range of certain angle when implementing
Good array arrangement, but in theory there is many group optimal solutions or suboptimal solution in a certain beam position, these solutions are not necessarily applicable
In other beam positions, this is accomplished by addition step 4 and constantly screens optimal solution.In addition, a kind of new solution is proposed
Method, while the peak side-lobe of the suitable windowed function of optimizing, further reduction directional diagram on the basis of optimizing array element coordinate
Than so that the directional diagram sidelobe level of different angles is in zone of reasonableness.Specific practice is examined for step 2 is modified to
While considering majorized function for directional diagram peak sidelobe ratio, the broad sense raised cosine of changeable parameters, simulated annealing are introduced
Not only optimize array element coordinate, can also optimize the parameter of the window function.Subsequent repeat step 3,4, finally gives a group pattern coordinate
With corresponding weighting function.
So above-mentioned Optimizing Flow can be expressed as：
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1, setting array co-ordinates border, give the initial value of beam position.
Step 2, current beam sensing under utilize simulated annealing, using array pattern peak sidelobe ratio for optimize letter
Number, it is determined that the array element coordinate of optimization.
To the array element coordinate of optimization, broad sense raised cosine is introduced, broad sense raised cosine letter is optimized using simulated annealing method
Several coefficient so that the peak side-lobe for the orientation diagram that the current beam calculated using the broad sense raised cosine after optimization is pointed to
Than meeting default requirement, it is determined that the broad sense raised cosine after optimization.
Step 3, judge in the array element coordinate that current beam points to lower optimization, whether array element coordinate spacing meets system will
Ask, be unsatisfactory for, give up the result of the array co-ordinates position optimization, reset beam position currency, return to step 2, otherwise
Into step 4.
Step 4, the weight vector under all beam positions is calculated using the broad sense raised cosine after optimization, and obtain correspondence
Directional diagram under the beam position, calculated direction figure peak sidelobe ratio, if under all beam positions by corresponding directional diagram peak value
Valve then disposes result than being satisfied by default requirement using the array element coordinate of optimization as element position, otherwise return to step 2.
Result is disposed with element position element position setting is carried out to six channel factor MIMO arrays.
Broad sense raised cosine is specially：
Win (v)=(1-a)-acos [2 π (v-1)/(N-1)], 0≤a≤0.5
Wherein, win (*) represents the windowed function of the corresponding directional diagram weight vectors of array element v, and N represents element number of array, and v is represented
Current array element sequence number, a represents window function Optimal Parameters；；
Weight vector is：
W=[R-1α(θ0)]win
Wherein θ0Beam position is represented, R represents the interference noise covariance matrix of array, α (θ0) represent that current beam is pointed to
Under goal orientation vector, represent dot product.
The embodiment further optimized is that radar system uses the MIMO system Adaptive beamformer technologies that are directed to, progress base
Beamforming algorithm is fallen into the wide constant zero of linear restriction and is set based on the null broadening beamforming algorithm for being tapered matrix disposal
Meter, effectively suppresses land clutter under the conditions of the low elevation angle, improves low target detection performance.
To sum up, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (3)
1. the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system based on pitching MIMO, it is characterised in that including antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving group
Part subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform produce subsystem, the comprehensive subsystem of frequency, signal transacting subsystem and display and control terminal
Subsystem；
The antenna subsystem uses pitching to the sparse Multiinputoutput MIMO array of six passages；
The waveform produces subsystem and produces six passage intermediate-freuqncy signals, the intermediate-freuqncy signal by digital-to-analogue conversion DAC broadcasting boards
Form uses frequency plot compound coded signal, that is, passes through frequency coding and phase code, it is ensured that between each passage intermediate-freuqncy signal
Orthogonality；The six passages intermediate-freuqncy signal enters the comprehensive subsystem of frequency；
The comprehensive subsystem of frequency carries out up-conversion, the six tunnels frequency phase to the six roads frequency plot composite coding orthogonal signalling
Frequency after the composite coding orthogonal signalling up-conversion of position meets the signal hair after the transmitting-receiving frequency of transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, up-conversion
Deliver to the radio-frequency channel subsystem；
Signal after up-conversion is converted to radiofrequency signal and sent to the transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem by the radio-frequency channel subsystem；
The transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem launches the radiofrequency signal by the antenna subsystem, forms launching beam,
Transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem receives the echo-signal of target by the antenna subsystem simultaneously, and echo-signal is believed by radio frequency
Road subsystem is sent to the comprehensive subsystem of the frequency；
The frequency that the comprehensive subsystem of frequency is carried out after down coversion, the echo-signal down coversion to echo-signal meets the signal
Echo-signal after the working frequency of processing subsystem, down coversion is sent to the signal transacting subsystem；
The signal transacting subsystem carries out processing to echo-signal and obtains one-dimensional range profile and once put mark；The signal transacting
Subsystem receives the control instruction of line traffic control terminal, is put under the control of control instruction by one-dimensional range profile and once described in mark is sent to
Display and control terminal is shown.
2. a kind of array optimization method, it is characterised in that based on the low latitude mesh based on pitching MIMO described in the claim 1
Each array element in array is completed using simulated annealing in mark detection wideband radar system, six channel factors MIMO array therein
Position optimization, optimization criterion is that directional diagram does not have graing lobe and peak sidelobe meets system requirements；
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1, setting array co-ordinates border, give the initial value of beam position；
Step 2, current beam sensing under utilize simulated annealing, using array pattern peak sidelobe ratio as majorized function,
It is determined that the array element coordinate of optimization；
To the array element coordinate of the optimization, broad sense raised cosine is introduced, broad sense raised cosine letter is optimized using simulated annealing method
Several coefficient so that the peak side-lobe for the orientation diagram that the current beam calculated using the broad sense raised cosine after optimization is pointed to
Than meeting default requirement, it is determined that the broad sense raised cosine after optimization；
Step 3, judge current beam point under the optimization array element coordinate in, array element coordinate spacing whether meet system will
Ask, be unsatisfactory for, give up the result of the array co-ordinates position optimization, reset beam position currency, return to step 2, otherwise
Into step 4；
Step 4, the weight vector under all beam positions is calculated using the broad sense raised cosine after the optimization, and obtain correspondence
Directional diagram under the beam position, calculated direction figure peak sidelobe ratio, if under all beam positions by corresponding directional diagram peak value
Valve then disposes result than being satisfied by default requirement using the array element coordinate of the optimization as element position, otherwise return to step 2；
Result is disposed with the element position element position setting is carried out to six channel factor MIMO arrays.
3. a kind of array optimization method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the broad sense raised cosine letter in the step 2
Number is specially：
Win (v)=(1-a)-a cos [2 π (v-1)/(N-1)], 0≤a≤0.5
Wherein, win (*) represents the windowed function of the corresponding directional diagram weight vectors of array element v, and N represents element number of array, and v represents current
Array element sequence number, a represents window function Optimal Parameters；
Weight vector in the step 4 is：
W=[R-1α(θ0)]·win
Wherein θ0Beam position is represented, R represents the interference noise covariance matrix of array, α (θ0) represent under current beam sensing
Goal orientation vector, represents dot product.
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| CN108051813A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南华诺星空电子技术有限公司 | For the radar-probing system and method for low latitude multiple target Classification and Identification |
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| CN110346766A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-18 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of null method for widening based on sparse constraint control secondary lobe |
| CN110346766B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2022-04-22 | 西安电子科技大学 | Null broadening method based on sparse constraint control side lobe |
| CN110609273B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-11-26 | 北京理工大学 | Broadband MIMO imaging radar array error compensation method based on multiple special display point targets |
| CN110609273A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-12-24 | 北京理工大学 | Broadband MIMO imaging radar array error compensation method based on multiple special display point targets |
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| CN111856450B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2023-11-28 | 邵振海 | MIMO three-dimensional radar detection method based on 5G base station |
| CN113671449A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | MIMO radar sidelobe interference suppression method based on minimum redundant linear array |
| CN113466824A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-10-01 | 成都锐芯盛通电子科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle identification method based on two-dimensional phased array radar |
| CN113466824B (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-26 | 成都锐芯盛通电子科技有限公司 | Unmanned aerial vehicle identification method based on two-dimensional phased array radar |
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