CN106981931B - Non-contact induction power supply device of primary coil of three-phase structure - Google Patents

Non-contact induction power supply device of primary coil of three-phase structure Download PDF

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CN106981931B
CN106981931B CN201710346505.7A CN201710346505A CN106981931B CN 106981931 B CN106981931 B CN 106981931B CN 201710346505 A CN201710346505 A CN 201710346505A CN 106981931 B CN106981931 B CN 106981931B
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coil
primary side
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secondary side
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CN106981931A (en
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史黎明
张发聪
李耀华
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Abstract

A three-phase coil of a primary coil of a three-phase structure is laid along the surface of a track and positioned between a left rail and a right rail of the track, and the three phases of the primary coil are arranged in a Z shape along the track direction and are sequentially staggered by 120 electrical angles. The mobile equipment is provided with n secondary side receiving plates, wherein n is a positive integer. Each secondary side receiving board comprises 3 receiving coil modules, the length of each receiving coil module is smaller than 1/3 of the half-period length of each phase coil of the primary side coil, the electrical angle between corresponding sides of the 3 receiving coil modules is 60 degrees or 120 degrees, and the corresponding distance is 1/3 degrees or 2/3 of the half-period length of each phase coil of the primary side coil. The invention adopts a method of adjusting pulse density to adjust the amplitude and phase of the output current of the output three-phase high-frequency inverter, thereby realizing stable output of the system and phase-to-phase balance of three-phase current. The invention is suitable for the power supply of rail transit vehicles, and can also be used for the power supply of vehicles of a transportation system such as an automatic guide vehicle and the like which need to supply power along a guide rail in a long distance.

Description

Non-contact induction power supply device of primary coil of three-phase structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-contact induction power supply device applied to urban rail transit.
Background
In recent years, with the development of power electronics technology, the appearance of high-frequency devices and high-performance magnetic materials provides possibility for realizing wireless energy transmission. The method is greatly developed in the fields of electric vehicles, rail transit, handheld end equipment, biological devices and the like.
The most closely applied non-contact power supply technology is inductive non-contact power supply, and the electric energy is transmitted from a primary side to a secondary side in the air in an electromagnetic field coupling mode mainly by using the technologies of power electronics, magnetic circuit design, system control and the like. Since the non-ferromagnetic material such as air has a small magnetic permeability, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path of the contactless transformer coil is large, and the magnetic induction gain is small, so that the amplitude of the magnetic flux surrounded by the secondary coil is small, and the generated induced voltage is small. By increasing the frequency of the current flowing through the primary winding, a relatively large secondary output voltage can be obtained. In the application of contactless power supply, the switching frequency of the device is generally tens of KHz, and in order to safely work and reduce loss of the device, the high-frequency power supply device needs to work in a soft switch state or a state close to the soft switch state.
For mobile contactless Power supply application, the documents "a Three-Phase Inductive Power Transfer System for ready-Powered Vehicles [ J ]. ieee transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(6), 3370-3378" by Grant a.covic, John t.boys etc. describe that the primary coil of the contactless transformer adopts a Three-Phase structure form, which reduces the variation of mutual inductance coupling caused by the deviation of the non-traveling direction when the electric vehicle travels, but is not suitable for rail traffic without deviation of the traveling direction. Hirokazu Matsumoto, Yasuhiko Nebase, in the document "Model for a Three-Phase contact Power Transfer System [ J ]. IEEEtransactions on Power Electronics,2011,26 (9)", 2676-.
The primary coil adopts a three-phase structure, so that the current amplitude of the current flowing through the device can be effectively reduced, and the three-phase structure is adopted under the same voltage power level. The secondary side coil considers the output characteristic of the system, and the output current of the module can be effectively reduced by adopting a parallel connection mode under the condition of larger current, so that the loss is reduced; in the application with higher voltage requirement, the secondary side module adopts a series connection mode to improve the output voltage. Patent 201410461143.2 adopts a method of parallel connection of primary side inverters to increase system capacity, but the control difficulty is large, the requirement on the consistency of system parameters is high, and primary side current circulation is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a non-contact power supply device suitable for a primary coil of a three-phase structure with a high-power grade. The invention has the advantages of high power supply grade, small current stress of devices and high system efficiency, and is particularly suitable for long-distance power supply of rail transit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the induction type non-contact power supply device of the primary coil of the three-phase structure comprises ground equipment and vehicle-mounted mobile equipment. The ground equipment converts power frequency electric energy of a public power grid into high-frequency electric energy, and the high-frequency electric energy is emitted through a primary coil laid along a track. The vehicle-mounted mobile equipment receives high-frequency electric energy sent by the ground equipment and converts the high-frequency electric energy into voltage which can be used by the vehicle.
The ground equipment comprises an external three-phase alternating current power supply, a rectifying device, a primary side direct current filtering device, a three-phase high-frequency inverter, a primary side coil, a primary side compensating circuit, a ground wireless communication module and a primary side controller. The three-phase input end of the rectifying device is connected with an external three-phase alternating current power supply, the output end of the rectifying device is connected with the input end of the primary side direct current filtering device, the output end of the primary side direct current filtering device is connected with the input end of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device, an output cable of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device is connected to the input end of the primary side compensation circuit through the primary side current sensor, the output end of the primary side compensation circuit is connected with the primary side coil, and the three-phase coil end point of. The on-off of the internal power device of the three-phase high-frequency inverter is controlled by a primary side controller, and the signal of a primary side current sensor is connected to the primary side controller. The ground wireless communication module is connected with the primary side controller, wirelessly sends out an instruction sent by the primary side controller to the secondary side controller, and is received by the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module.
And the primary coil of the ground equipment is of a three-phase coil structure, is laid along the surface of the track and is positioned between the left track and the right track. The u-phase, the v-phase and the w-phase of the primary coil are arranged in a Z shape along the track direction, the width d of the primary coil is smaller than the distance L between the left rail and the right rail of the track, one period of each phase of the primary coil is 360 electrical degrees, and the u-phase, the v-phase and the w-phase are sequentially staggered by 120 electrical degrees along the track direction.
The period lengths of the three phases of the primary coil are the same.
The vehicle-mounted mobile equipment comprises a secondary side receiving plate, a secondary side compensation circuit, a high-frequency rectification module, a secondary side filtering device, a secondary side controller and a vehicle-mounted wireless communication module. The number of the secondary side receiving plates is n, and n is a positive integer. The output end of the secondary side receiving plate is connected with the input end of the secondary side compensation circuit, and the output end of the secondary side compensation circuit is connected with the input end of the high-frequency rectification module. The number of the secondary side receiving plates, the secondary side compensation circuits and the number of the high-frequency rectification modules are the same, and the secondary side receiving plates, the secondary side compensation circuits and the high-frequency rectification modules are connected in a one-to-one correspondence mode to form 3 series branches. The 3 serial branches are connected in series or in parallel and then connected to a load; output voltage sensors are arranged at two ends of the load and send detected voltage signals to the secondary side controller; the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module is connected with the secondary controller and transmits the data of the output voltage sensor to the ground wireless communication module through the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module.
Each secondary side receiving board of the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment comprises 3 receiving coil modules, the width of each receiving coil module is the same as the width d of the primary side coil, the length of each receiving coil module is smaller than 1/3 of the length of each phase half cycle of the primary side coil, the electrical angle between corresponding sides of the 3 receiving coil modules is 60 degrees or 120 degrees, the corresponding distance is 1/3 or 2/3 of the length of each phase half cycle of the primary side coil, and the corresponding distance is 60 electrical angles or 120 electrical angles.
The n secondary side receiving boards of the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment can independently output direct-current voltage and can also be connected to a load in parallel or in series.
The output power adjusting method of the induction type non-contact power supply device of the primary coil of the three-phase structure comprises the following steps:
(1) the primary side controller controls power switch devices on three bridge arms of the three-phase high-frequency inverter in a pulse density modulation control mode, and each phase of trigger pulse sequence has a difference of 120 electrical angles;
(2) the current sensor arranged on the three-phase primary coil detects the amplitude and the phase angle of the current of the three-phase coil, if the three-phase inductance parameters of the primary coil are unbalanced, the primary controller adjusts the on-off time of the power switching devices on three bridge arms of the three-phase high-frequency inverter according to the phase difference and the amplitude of the three-phase current, and the balance of the amplitude and the phase of the primary three-phase current is ensured.
The induction type non-contact power supply device of the primary coil with the three-phase structure is particularly suitable for power supply of rail transit vehicles, and can also be applied to power supply of transport system vehicles such as automatic guided vehicles and the like which need to supply power along a guide rail for a long distance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is example 1 of the present invention: the schematic diagram of the arrangement mode of 3 receiving coil modules of the secondary side receiving plate of the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment and adjacent receiving coil modules at an electric angle interval of 60 electrical angles;
FIG. 2 is example 1 of the present invention: the primary coil of the ground equipment is in a three-phase structure, and the secondary receiving plate of the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment is an inductive contactless power supply system configuration schematic diagram of 3 receiving coil modules;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of a three-phase trigger pulse sent by a primary side controller of the ground equipment;
FIG. 4 is a typical waveform diagram of three-phase current generated by a three-phase high-frequency inverter;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of 3 receiving coil modules of a secondary receiving board, wherein adjacent modules are spaced by 120 electrical degrees;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of 2 sequentially arranged secondary receiving plates, 3 receiving coil modules per secondary receiving plate, and 60 electrical degrees apart between adjacent modules;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of 2 staggered secondary side receiving plates, 3 receiving coil modules per secondary side receiving plate, and 60 electrical degrees spacing between adjacent modules of each secondary side receiving plate;
in the figure, 1 an external three-phase alternating-current power supply, 2 a rectifying device, 3 a primary side direct-current filtering device, 4 a three-phase high-frequency inverting device, 6 a primary side coil, 61u phases, 62v phases, 63w phases, 5 a primary side current sensor, 7 a primary side compensating circuit, 16 a primary side controller and 14 a ground wireless communication module; the three-phase high-frequency power supply comprises a first 8-secondary-side receiving plate, a second secondary-side connecting plate 88, a 81-first receiving coil module, a 82-second receiving coil module, a 83-third receiving coil module, a 84-fourth receiving coil module, a 85-fifth receiving coil module, a 86-sixth receiving coil module, a 9-secondary-side compensation circuit, a 10-high-frequency rectifying module, a 11-secondary-side filtering device, a 12-output voltage sensor, a 17-secondary-side controller, a 15-vehicle-mounted wireless communication module, a 30-load, a 100-track left rail, a 101-track right rail, a 200-three-phase high-frequency inverter u-phase trigger pulse, a 201-three-phase high-frequency inverter v-phase trigger pulse, a 202-three-phase high-frequency inverter w-phase trigger pulse, 361-phase coil u-phase current, 362-.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, in the induction type contactless power supply apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, the primary coil 6 of the ground equipment is laid along the surface of the track and is located between the left track 100 and the right track 101. The u-phase 61, the v-phase 62 and the w-phase 63 of the primary coil 6 are arranged in a zigzag manner along the track direction, the width d of the primary coil 6 is smaller than the distance L between the left rail 100 and the right rail 101 of the track, one period of each phase of the primary coil 6 is 360 electrical degrees, and the u-phase 61, the v-phase 62 and the w-phase 63 are sequentially arranged in a staggered manner by 120 electrical degrees along the track direction.
The number of the receiving coil modules of each secondary side receiving board 8 of the vehicle-mounted mobile device is 3, the electrical angle between corresponding sides of the 3 receiving coil modules is 60 degrees, the width of the 3 receiving coil modules is the same as that of the primary side coil 6, and the length of the receiving coil modules is smaller than 1/3 of the half-period length of the primary side coil 6.
Fig. 2 shows an inductive contactless power supply apparatus in which a primary coil has a three-phase structure and a secondary receiving board has 3 receiving coil modules according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the device includes a ground device and a vehicle-mounted mobile device, wherein the ground device converts power frequency electric energy of a public power grid into high-frequency electric energy and transmits the high-frequency electric energy through a primary side laid along a track; the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment receives the high-frequency electric energy sent by the ground equipment and converts the high-frequency electric energy into voltage which can be used by the vehicle. The ground equipment of the device comprises an external three-phase alternating current power supply 1, a rectifying device 2, a primary side direct current filtering device 3, a three-phase high-frequency inverter 4, a primary side coil 6, a primary side current sensor 5, a primary side compensating circuit 7, a primary side controller 16 and a ground wireless communication module 14; the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment of the device comprises 1 secondary side receiving board 8, a first receiving coil module 81, a second receiving coil module 82, a third receiving coil module 83, a secondary side compensation circuit 9, a high-frequency rectifying module 10, a secondary side filter device 11, an output voltage sensor 12, a secondary side controller 17, a vehicle-mounted wireless communication module 15 and a load 30.
The rectifying means 2 is a controllable or non-controllable three-phase rectifier bridge.
The three-phase high-frequency inverter 4 is a three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit and inverts the rectified direct current into a three-phase high-frequency alternating current.
The primary side compensation circuit 7 and the secondary side compensation circuit 9 can be a series compensation circuit formed by a capacitor and a coil or a parallel compensation circuit formed by a capacitor and a coil.
The input end of the rectifying device 2 is connected with an external three-phase alternating current power supply 1, the output end of the rectifying device 2 is connected with the input end of a primary side direct current filtering device 3, the output end of the primary side direct current filtering device 3 is connected with the input end of a three-phase high-frequency inversion device 4, an output cable of the three-phase high-frequency inversion device 4 is connected to the input end of a primary side compensation circuit 7 through a primary side current sensor 5, the output end of the primary side compensation circuit 7 is connected with a primary side coil 6, and the three-phase coil end points of the primary side coil 6.
The on-off of internal power devices of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device 4 is controlled by a primary side controller 16, a primary side current sensor 5 detects output current of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device 4, a current signal detected by the primary side current sensor 5 is sent to the primary side controller 16, a ground wireless communication module 14 is connected with the primary side controller 16, and a command sent by the primary side controller 16 to a secondary side controller 17 is sent in a wireless mode and received by a vehicle-mounted wireless communication module 15.
The number of the secondary side receiving plates 8 is 1, the output end of each secondary side receiving plate 8 is connected with the input end of a secondary side compensation circuit 9, and the output end of each secondary side compensation circuit 9 is connected with the input end of a high-frequency rectification module 10; the number of the secondary side receiving plates 8, the secondary side compensation circuits 9 and the high-frequency rectification modules 10 is the same, and 3 serial branches are formed. The 3 serial branches are connected in series and then connected to a load 30; the output voltage sensors 12 are installed at two ends of the load 30, and the output voltage sensors 12 send detected voltage signals to the secondary side controller 17; the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module 15 is connected to the secondary controller 17, and transmits data of the output voltage sensor 12 to the ground wireless communication module 14 through the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module 15.
The primary side controller 16 sends a pulse signal to a switching tube driving circuit of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device 4, and adjusts a trigger pulse according to the voltage of the load 30 detected by the output voltage sensor 12 and the output current of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device 4 detected by the primary side current sensor 5. When the primary side current sensor 5 detects that the three-phase current is unbalanced, the primary side controller 2 adjusts the unbalance degree of the three-phase current by adjusting the phase angle of the three-phase output pulse. The voltage sensor 12 detects the output voltage, and the primary side controller 16 changes the pulse density to adjust the amplitude of the output voltage.
Fig. 3 shows a three-phase trigger pulse waveform sent by the primary side controller 16 for triggering the switching tube of the three-phase high-frequency inverter 4. If the mutual inductances between the 3 receiving coil modules of the primary coil 6 and the secondary receiving plate 8 are not consistent, the primary current sensor 5 detects that the amplitudes and phase angles of the three-phase currents of the u-phase 61, the v-phase 62 and the w-phase 63 of the primary coil 6 are deviated, the primary controller 5 controls the phase difference among the three-phase pulses of the three-phase high-frequency inverter 4, and the imbalance condition of the u-phase, v-phase and w-phase currents of the primary coil 6 can be reduced or eliminated.
Ideally, the u-phase 61, v-phase 62 and w-phase 63 currents of the primary coil 6 have equal amplitudes and 120 degrees of phase difference, and the actual system has the problems of incomplete compensation and inconsistent mutual inductance parameters of the primary coil 6 and the receiving coil modules of the plurality of secondary receiving boards 8, so that the u-phase 61, v-phase 62 and w-phase 63 currents of the primary coil have phase and amplitude deviations. Taking the u-phase 61 and v-phase 62 currents of the primary coil as an example, if the u-phase 61 current is advanced and the v-phase 62 current is more than 120 degrees, the primary controller 2 controls the trigger pulse signal of the u-phase 61 to be advanced and the trigger pulse angle of the v-phase 62 to be reduced; if the current of the u-phase 61 is advanced and the current of the v-phase 62 is less than 120 degrees, the primary side controller 2 controls the trigger pulse signal of the u-phase 61 to be advanced, and the trigger pulse angle of the v-phase 62 is increased.
Fig. 4 shows typical waveforms of three-phase currents generated by a three-phase high-frequency inverter in a stable operation state, wherein 361 is the current of the u-phase 61 of the primary coil, 362 is the current of the v-phase 62 of the primary coil, and 363 is the current of the w-phase 63 of the primary coil.
Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the arrangement of the receiving coil modules of the secondary receiving plate 8. As shown in fig. 5, the secondary receiving board 8 includes 3 receiving coil modules, and adjacent modules are spaced by 120 electrical degrees and arranged within one period of three phases of the primary coil 6.
Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of the arrangement of the receiving coil modules of 2 sequentially arranged secondary side receiving plates. As shown in fig. 6, the first secondary receiving board 8 adopts 3 receiving coil modules, and the interval between adjacent coil modules is 60 electrical degrees, wherein the first receiving coil module 81, the second receiving coil module 82, and the third receiving coil module 83 are arranged within the range of half of the three phases of the primary coil 6 at an electrical angle of 60 degrees; the second secondary receiving board 88 also employs 3 receiving coil modules, and the interval between adjacent coil modules is 60 electrical degrees, wherein the fourth receiving coil module 84, the fifth receiving coil module 85, and the sixth receiving coil module 86 are arranged within the half period range of three phases of the primary coil 6 at an electrical angle interval of 60 degrees.
Fig. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the arrangement of the receiving coil modules of 2 staggered secondary side receiving plates. As shown in fig. 7, the first secondary connecting plate 8 adopts 3 receiving coil modules, and adjacent modules are separated by 60 electrical angles, wherein the first receiving coil module 81, the third receiving coil module 83 and the fifth receiving coil module 85 are separated by 60 electrical angles and are arranged in a half period; the second secondary connection plate 88 also adopts 3 receiving coil modules, and the adjacent modules are separated by 60 electrical angles, wherein the second receiving coil module 82, the fourth receiving coil module 84 and the sixth receiving coil module 86 are separated by 60 electrical angles and are arranged in a half period.

Claims (2)

1. A contactless induction power supply device of a primary coil of a three-phase structure comprises ground equipment and vehicle-mounted mobile equipment; the ground equipment converts the power frequency electric energy of the public power grid into high-frequency electric energy and transmits the high-frequency electric energy through a primary coil laid along the track; the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment receives high-frequency electric energy sent by ground equipment and converts the high-frequency electric energy into voltage which can be used by a vehicle;
the ground equipment comprises an external three-phase alternating current power supply (1), a rectifying device (2), a primary side direct current filtering device (3), a three-phase high-frequency inverter device (4), a primary side coil (6), a primary side compensating circuit (7), a ground wireless communication module (14) and a primary side controller (16); the three-phase input end of the rectifying device (2) is connected with an external three-phase alternating current power supply (1), the output end of the rectifying device (2) is connected with the input end of the primary side direct current filter device (3), the output end of the primary side direct current filter device (3) is connected with the input end of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device (4), an output cable of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device (4) is connected to the input end of a primary side compensation circuit (7) through a primary side current sensor (5), the output end of the primary side compensation circuit (7) is connected with a primary side coil (6), and the three-phase coil end point of the primary side coil (6) is; the on-off of an internal power device of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device (4) is controlled by a primary side controller (16), and a signal of a primary side current sensor (5) is connected to the primary side controller (16); the ground wireless communication module (14) is connected with the primary side controller (16), sends out a command sent by the primary side controller (16) to the secondary side controller (17) in a wireless way, and is received by the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module (15);
the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment comprises a secondary side receiving board, a secondary side compensation circuit (9), a high-frequency rectification module (10), a secondary side filter device (11), a secondary side controller (17) and a vehicle-mounted wireless communication module (15); the output end of the secondary side receiving plate (8) is connected with the input end of a secondary side compensation circuit (9), and the output end of the secondary side compensation circuit (9) is connected with the input end of a high-frequency rectification module (10); the number of the secondary side receiving plates (8), the number of the secondary side compensating circuits (9) and the number of the high-frequency rectifying modules (10) are the same, and the secondary side receiving plates (8), the secondary side compensating circuits (9) and the high-frequency rectifying modules (10) are connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner to form 3 series branches; the 3 serial branches are connected in series or in parallel and then connected into a load (30); output voltage sensors (12) are installed at two ends of the load (30), and the output voltage sensors (12) send detected voltage signals to the secondary side controller (17); the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module (15) is connected with the secondary side controller (17) and transmits the data of the output voltage sensor to the ground wireless communication module (14),
the method is characterized in that: the primary coil (6) of the ground equipment is of a three-phase coil structure and is laid along the surface of the track; the left rail and the right rail are positioned between the left rail and the right rail; the u-phase, the v-phase and the w-phase of the primary coil (6) are arranged in a Z shape along the track direction, the width d of the primary coil (6) is smaller than the distance L between the left rail and the right rail of the track, the three-phase period lengths of the primary coil (6) are the same, and the primary coil (6) is sequentially arranged in a staggered manner at 120 electrical angles along the track direction;
the number of secondary side receiving plates of the vehicle-mounted mobile equipment is n, and n is a positive integer; each secondary side receiving board comprises 3 receiving coil modules, the width of each receiving coil module is the same as the width d of the primary side coil (6), the length of each receiving coil module is smaller than 1/3 of the length of each phase half cycle of the primary side coil, the electrical angle between corresponding sides of every two adjacent coil modules of the 3 receiving coil modules is 60 degrees or 120 degrees, the corresponding distance is 1/3 or 2/3 of the length of each phase half cycle of the primary side coil (6), and the corresponding distance is 60 electrical angles or 120 electrical angles;
the secondary side receiving plates are sequentially or alternatively arranged along the moving direction of the vehicle, and after being connected in parallel or in series, the secondary side receiving plates are connected to a common load (30) or independently output.
2. The contactless induction power supply apparatus of a primary coil of a three-phase structure according to claim 1, wherein: the primary side controller (16) controls power switching devices on three bridge arms of the three-phase high-frequency inverter device (4) in a pulse density modulation control mode, and the difference of trigger pulse sequences of each phase is 120 electrical angles; a primary side current sensor (5) arranged on a primary side coil (6) detects the amplitude and the phase angle of three-phase current, and if three-phase inductance parameters of the primary side coil (6) are unbalanced, a primary side controller (16) adjusts the on-off time of power switching devices on three bridge arms of a three-phase high-frequency inverter (4) according to the phase difference and the amplitude of the three-phase current, so that the balance of the current amplitude and the phase of the primary side coil (6) is ensured.
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