CN106980759B - A kind of large-scale mine ecological recovery and the intelligence system and method kept - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale mine ecological recovery and the intelligence system and method kept Download PDFInfo
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- CN106980759B CN106980759B CN201710180387.7A CN201710180387A CN106980759B CN 106980759 B CN106980759 B CN 106980759B CN 201710180387 A CN201710180387 A CN 201710180387A CN 106980759 B CN106980759 B CN 106980759B
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large-scale mine ecological recovery and the intelligence system of holding, the large-scale mine includes mound field (1), and the intelligence system includes being arranged on the mound field (1) internal the first water barrier (2), the second water barrier (3) and the 3rd water barrier (4)；First water barrier (2) is rectangle, it is internal to be horizontally set on the mound field (1), second water barrier (3) is square sink, quantity is multiple, the top of first water barrier (2) is uniformly arranged on, the 3rd water barrier (4) is positioned close to the position of mound field (1) the surrounding side slope.Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention is with the intelligence system that keeps according to the rule of coal mining, by designing its exploitation and mound form, increase water-keeping device, the vegetation and plant species of appropriate mix, reach intelligent on-line monitoring, realize type recovery of ecologic environment in a mine and the intelligence kept.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mine field, more particularly to a kind of for large-scale mine ecological recovery and the intelligence system of holding
With method.
Background technology
The very fast development of China's economy, persistently keeps the demand of the energy, is particularly west area large outdoors colliery
Development, but the development of these large outdoors collieries causes local ground watering cone of groundwater, i.e., regional water shortage, and arrange
Native field is hundreds of meters high, more causes refuse dump and mine ecological restoration difficult, ecology keeps being more difficult to；
Coal mining mode is generally divided into pit mining and strip mining transformation two ways, has an opencast mining of first to exploiting field earth's surface
Peel off, serious broken ring is caused to soil layer and structure, large amounts of stripping rock solid can be produced during exploitation and is discarded
The bulk deposition of thing.Considerable damage has been carried out to land resource, good farmland is lain waste, the decrease of cultivated land, land pollution, influence industrial or agricultural
Production.By taking Shenhua Yi Min opencuts as an example, refuse dump is high and big, using hydrophobic exploitation, causes water level decreasing, opencut mound field
Top is difficult surviving plants and vegetation, and without vegetation and plant, dust of opencut mound field etc. drifts with the wind, to surrounding environment
Extreme influence is caused, ecological environment is polluted, while without the Soil and water conservation of plant, to the mound field safety of itself
Cause very big hidden danger.
Major Difficulties have it is following some：
1st, design exploitation and mound form and parameter, the exploitation of optimization and mound form directly determine the later stage with parameter
A series of design parameters；
2nd, the design of refuse dump inside water-keeping device；
3rd, the selection of vegetation type and planting area selection；
4th, the water level of refuse dump is too low, and water-holding capacity is too poor, and the vadose water that particularly plant needs is difficult to keep, at the same time
Mound field is too high, be easy to cause the disasters such as landslide.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind is simple in structure, cost is low, large-scale mine easy to operate life
State recover with keep intelligence system, present invention also offers it is described can only system construction and application method.
A kind of large-scale mine ecological recovery includes mound field, the intelligence with the intelligence system kept, the large-scale mine
System includes being arranged on the first water barrier, the second water barrier and the 3rd water barrier inside the mound field；First water proof
Layer be rectangle, is horizontally set on inside the mound field, and second water barrier is square sink, quantity be it is multiple,
The even top for being arranged on first water barrier, the 3rd water barrier are positioned close to the position of the mound field surrounding side slope
Put；First water barrier includes rectangular water proof resin soft board layer and the anti-skidding waterproofing device being connected with its surrounding, described
Anti-skidding waterproofing device includes horizontal eliminator plate, multiple vertical eliminator plates being arranged in parallel and multiple antiskid plates being arranged in parallel, institute
The bottom that horizontal eliminator plate is connected to the multiple vertical eliminator plate is stated, forms multiple grooves that block water, the antiskid plate sets for inclination
Put, the upper end is connected with the bottom of the horizontal eliminator plate.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the intelligence system kept, wherein, in the water proof resin soft board
Multiple first soil humidity sensors are fixed with layer, the longer plant of root system is planted on first water barrier；
The water proof resin soft board layer, the horizontal eliminator plate, the vertical eliminator plate and the antiskid plate are by water proof
Resin soft board is formed；The water proof resin soft board is one kind in following two：
(I) polychloroethylene transparent soft sheet；
(II) the water proof resin soft board is prepared by the following method：By dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) 100g, methylbenzene
Ethene 80g, tribasic lead sulfate 10g and each 10g of precipitated calcium carbonate are stirred under inert gas shielding, and temperature maintains during stirring
120 DEG C, palmitic acid 1.5g, palmitic acid barium 1.5g and catalyst 5g are added after being sufficiently stirred, finally puts room temperature Cheng Mo.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the intelligence system kept, wherein, second water barrier includes
Tank, the first small sink being connected at left and right sides of the tank, the second small sink being connected to before and after the tank；
It is fixed with the second soil humidity sensor on second water barrier of part, it is shorter to be implanted with root system for kind on second water barrier
Plant.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the intelligence system kept, wherein, the 3rd water barrier includes
Water proof resin hardboard and the multiple shield sinks being uniformly fixed on the water proof resin hardboard, the water proof resin hardboard are inclination
Set, parallel with the side slope of the mound field, being horizontally disposed between mound field side slope and the water proof resin hardboard has
The shield sink of multiple ship types, one end of which is fixed on the water proof resin hardboard.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the intelligence system kept, wherein, the number of the 3rd water barrier
Measure to be multiple, be uniformly arranged along the surrounding side slope of the mound field, multiple 3rd water barriers in same side are put down
Row is set, and is had certain intervals between two neighboring 3rd water barrier, is set every 4~5 on the 3rd water barrier
3 the 3rd soil humidity sensors are equipped with, are separately fixed on the shield sink of topmost, centre and foot.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the intelligence system kept, wherein, the water proof resin hardboard is
One kind in following two：
(i) epoxy glass fiber plate；
(ii) the water proof resin hardboard is prepared by the following method：By dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) 100g, methylbenzene
Ethene 80g, tribasic lead sulfate 10g and each 10g of precipitated calcium carbonate are stirred under inert gas shielding, and temperature maintains during stirring
120 DEG C, stearic acid 1.5g, barium stearate 1.5g and catalyst 5g are added after being sufficiently stirred, finally puts room temperature Cheng Mo.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the intelligence system kept, wherein, the longer plant of the root system
For following one or more of combination：Fruit tree, sweet potato, soybean, potato, peanut, green soy bean；The shorter plant of the root system be with
Lower one or more of combination：Paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass, velvet grass, Bai Zhilian, cockscomb, dead leaf chrysanthemum, gardenia,
Sago cycas, orange, have a smile on one's face.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the intelligence system kept, wherein, the first water barrier distance
The distance between upper surface of the mound field is 1m, and horizontal distance of each edge between the side of the mound field is
1.2m；The height of the vertical eliminator plate and two adjacent described the distance between eliminator plates vertically are 300mm, the water
The thickness of flat eliminator plate is 15mm, and the thickness of the water proof resin soft board layer is 7mm, and the thickness of the antiskid plate is 10mm, wide
Spend for 200mm, length is consistent with the length of the groove that blocks water, and the spacing between the two neighboring antiskid plate is 450mm, described
Angle between antiskid plate and horizontal plane is 30 °, and the top of the antiskid plate is in close to the water proof resin soft board layer center
Position；
The length and width of second water barrier are 2m, a height of 0.15m, between two neighboring second water barrier away from
It is respectively 1800mm, 1800mm and 150mm from the length, width and height for 2m, the tank, the length and width high score of the first small sink
Not Wei 100mm, 2000mm and 150mm, the length, width and height of the second small sink are respectively 1800mm, 100mm and 150mm；
Between two neighboring first soil humidity sensor, between two neighboring second soil humidity sensor
Distance be 50m；
The a length of 5m of water proof resin hardboard, width 2m, thickness 10mm, between adjacent two pieces of water proof resin hardboards
At intervals of 2.5m；The shield sink is ship type, depth 100mm, lower width 150mm, length 2m, and upper width is
200mm, length 2m, the spacing on vertical direction between the two neighboring shield sink is 0.5m.
Construction and application method of the large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention with the intelligence system of holding, including it is as follows
Step：
(A) according to Coal Mine Design drawing, find a job face region, according to direction of extraction, in the incipient stage, brushing
The region upper epidermis fertile soil of 800m on direction is pushed to adopt, general top layer fertile soil thickness 200-400mm, peels off local top layer humic
Soil is transported to some region, and constant temperature preserves after watering；
(B) after working face starts operation, using 500m as extreme value, i.e., when the advance of the face is more than 300m, start to continue
The unstripped top layer fertile soil in stripping operation face region, peel distance 0-300m, ensures there is 500-800m's above working face
Region is fertile soil stripping area；
(C) sand in working face more than coal seam is peeled away, is transported to mound field；
(D) when also having 1m apart from mound field surface, it is laid with the first water barrier, it is ensured that it is water-tight, and ensure described at this time
With the horizontal distance of mound field side it is 0.5m around first water barrier, spacing is in length and breadth on first water barrier
50m lays the first soil humidity sensor, is pasted onto on first water barrier, continues mound on the top；
(E) when also having 0.3m apart from mound field surface, the second water barrier is laid with, spacing is 2m in length and breadth；Described
Second soil humidity sensor is set on two water barriers；
(F) region of highest mound is had reached in the mound field, side and both sides are laid with the 3rd water proof respectively behind
Layer, spacing 2.5m, and slowly down topple over sand from the 3rd water barrier interval, and it is manually applied, ensure inclined plane
Add 0.7m outward in the horizontal direction；3rd soil humidity sensor is set on the 3rd water barrier；
(G) after Tu Chang has accumulated, the top layer fertile soil of 300mm thickness, top layer fertile soil are laid with upper surface and side
For original surface collection, watering, suitably spills some fertilizer；The plant planted before being planted directly over second water barrier
Shorter, the drought-enduring species of middle root system, if without or select if being difficult to plant again it is following it is several in one or more of groups
Close：Paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass, velvet grass, Bai Zhilian, cockscomb, dead leaf chrysanthemum, gardenia, sago cycas, orange, with a smile；
Planting location is that cultivated area is 2 × 2m directly over second water barrier；
The longer and drought-enduring plant of root system in the plant that this area is planted before described other ecological region plantings of mound field, such as
Fruit without or be difficult plant again then selection it is following it is several in one or more of combinations：Fruit tree, sweet potato, soybean, potato,
Peanut, green soy bean；Shorter, the drought-enduring species of root system in the plant that this area is planted before being planted in side, if not or very
Difficult plantation then selection it is following it is several in one or more of combinations：Vetiver, paspalum notatum, annual bluegrass；
(H) by first soil humidity sensor, second soil humidity sensor and the 3rd soil moisture
The monitoring result of sensor, is transmitted directly to water injector, and when concentration is less than threshold value, water injector automatic water jetting, ensures to spill
The intelligence of water, become more meticulous, and adequately protect environment and saving water resource.
Large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention is with the intelligence system difference from prior art kept：It is of the invention big
Intelligence system of the type recovery of ecologic environment in a mine with keeping, by designing its exploitation and mound form, increases according to the rule of coal mining
Add water-keeping device, the vegetation and plant species of appropriate mix, reach intelligent on-line monitoring, realize type recovery of ecologic environment in a mine and the intelligence kept
Energyization.
In preferred solution：
Because refuse dump is high and big, hydrophobicity is strong, therefore Atmospheric precipitation and artificial watering absorb be deposited to mound soon
Side off field, the first water barrier is effectively protected water resource valuable above mound field, while the first water barrier is apart from the heap
The distance between upper surface of Tu Chang is 1m because the root length of plant is generally all in 200-900mm or so, 1m away from
From not only can guarantee that the abundant growth of plant and can guarantee that the maximum utilization of water resource, especially for the longer plant of root system, for
The sand-fixation, water-keeping of topsoil has good effect, though apart from the long then water conservation in the distance between the upper surface of the mound field without
Boundary, apart from the too short growth for being unfavorable for plants on surface, and the growth of root system of plant also can cause one to the first water barrier
It is fixed to destroy, therefore the design of the first water barrier is rationally effective, while the multiple antiskid plates being arranged in parallel in both ends, it ensure that overlying table
The safety of soil layer, will not produce the danger of sliding；Multiple first soil humidity sensors, the growth for plant are fixed with thereon
Environment provides real-time science data support.
Because refuse dump is high and big, hydrophobicity is strong, and there is provided the first water barrier, but topsoil soil resource is valuable and thin
It is water-based strong, therefore topsoil and following 0.3m water resources are relatively fewer, thus set when apart from earth's surface 0.3m multiple second every
Water layer, the shorter plant of topsoil plantation root system, is so formed root system length with the first water barrier above the second water barrier
Reasonable distribution is spent, takes full advantage of the valuable soil resource of topsoil, and this region is the preservation region of vadose water.
3rd water barrier is the water resource for saving side slope, while spaced design and anti-skidding design strengthen side slope safety,
The abundant effectively growth of plant has more consolidated the security performance of side slope at the same time, is thusly-formed benign cycle.
Three water barriers are used in combination, both abundant water conservation, promote while the growth of plant and strengthen heap in turn
Tu Chang's is firm.
According to three water barriers, soil humidity sensor is evenly distributed on mound field regional, has fully ensured that plant
The scientific analysis of growing environment.
The large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention is described further with the intelligence system kept below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the cross-sectional view of the intelligence system kept；
Fig. 2 is that the plan structure of large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention and the first water barrier in the intelligence system of holding is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the side elevational cross-section structure diagram of the first water barrier in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the overlooking the structure diagram of the second water barrier in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the side elevational cross-section structure diagram of the second water barrier in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the overall structure diagram of the first water barrier and multiple second water barriers in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the side structure schematic view of the 3rd water barrier in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the overall structure diagram of multiple 3rd water barriers in the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 8, a kind of large-scale mine ecological recovery includes mound with the intelligence system kept, large-scale mine
Field 1, intelligence system include being arranged on the first water barrier 2, the second water barrier 3 and the 3rd water barrier 4 inside mound field 1；First
Water barrier 2 is rectangle, is horizontally set on inside mound field 1, and the second water barrier 3 is square sink, quantity be it is multiple, uniformly
The top of the first water barrier 2 is arranged on, the 3rd water barrier 4 is positioned close to the position of 1 surrounding side slope of mound field.
First water barrier 2 includes rectangular water proof resin soft board layer 201 and the anti-skidding waterproofing device being connected with its surrounding,
Anti-skidding waterproofing device include horizontal eliminator plate 202, multiple vertical eliminator plates 203 being arranged in parallel and it is multiple be arranged in parallel it is anti-skidding
Plate 204, horizontal eliminator plate 202 are connected to the bottom of multiple vertical eliminator plates 203, form multiple grooves 205 that block water, antiskid plate 204
To be obliquely installed, the upper end is connected with the bottom of horizontal eliminator plate 202.
Following scheme is preferred solution：
Multiple first soil humidity sensors 206 are fixed with water proof resin soft board layer 201, on the first water barrier 2
Plant the longer plant of root system；Water proof resin soft board layer 201, horizontal eliminator plate 202, vertical eliminator plate 203 and antiskid plate 204 are equal
It is made of water proof resin soft board, wherein, water proof resin soft board layer 201 is spliced by water proof resin soft board；Water proof resin soft board
For one kind in following two：
(I) polychloroethylene transparent soft sheet, is commercial product；
(II) water proof resin soft board is prepared by the following method：By dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) 100g, methyl styrene
80g, tribasic lead sulfate 10g and each 10g of precipitated calcium carbonate are stirred under inert gas shielding, and temperature maintains 120 during stirring
DEG C, palmitic acid 1.5g, palmitic acid barium 1.5g and catalyst 5g are added after being sufficiently stirred, finally puts room temperature Cheng Mo.
The material that oneself proportioning makes can not have to consider transparency, because commercial product considers the functions such as transparency more,
Use occasion of the present invention is is embedded in underground, therefore transparency and turbidity, without considering, cost is lower；Secondly, the production of oneself proportioning
Under condition stack pile than commercial product wear-resisting property more preferably, it can improve service life, be carried out by RCA paper tapes abrasion wear test machine
Abrasion test, loading 175g scrollings are not coated with factice band and rub with sample, and commercially available polyvinyl chloride paint experience 340 encloses the material that sees the bottom, self-control
Product experience 420 encloses the material that sees the bottom, and abrasion resistant effect the latter is stronger, can improve service life.
Second water barrier 3 includes tank 301, the first small sink 302 for being connected to the left and right sides of tank 301, connection
The second small sink 303 before and after tank 301；The second soil humidity sensor is fixed with the second water barrier of part 3
304, kind is implanted with the shorter plant of root system on the second water barrier 3.
3rd water barrier 4 includes water proof resin hardboard 401 and the multiple shield water being uniformly fixed on water proof resin hardboard 401
Groove 402, water proof resin hardboard 401 is is obliquely installed, and parallel with the side slope of mound field 1, in mound field, 1 side slope and water proof resin are hard
The shield sink 402 for there are multiple ship types is horizontally disposed between plate 401, one end of which is fixed on water proof resin hardboard 401.
The quantity of 3rd water barrier 4 is multiple, is uniformly arranged along the surrounding side slope of mound field 1, in same side
Multiple 3rd water barriers 4 are arranged in parallel, and have certain intervals between two neighboring 3rd water barrier 4, every 4~5 the 3rd every
3 the 3rd soil humidity sensors 403 are provided with 3rd water barrier 4 of water layer 4, are separately fixed at topmost, centre and most
On the shield sink 402 of lower part, it can be seen that, the 3rd soil moisture sensing is fitted with the 3rd not all water barrier 4
Device 403, but just installed on the part shield sink 402 on the 3rd a small amount of water barrier 4, so both reached excellent monitoring effect
Fruit has saved cost again.
Water proof resin hardboard 401 is one kind in following two：
(i) epoxy glass fiber plate, is commercial product；
(ii) water proof resin hardboard is prepared by the following method：By dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) 100g, methyl styrene
80g, tribasic lead sulfate 10g and each 10g of precipitated calcium carbonate are stirred under inert gas shielding, and temperature maintains 120 during stirring
DEG C, stearic acid 1.5g, barium stearate 1.5g and catalyst 5g are added after being sufficiently stirred, finally puts room temperature Cheng Mo.
The material that oneself proportioning makes can not have to consider transparency, because commercial product considers the functions such as transparency more,
Use occasion of the present invention is is embedded in underground, therefore transparency and turbidity, without considering, cost is lower；Secondly, the production of oneself proportioning
Under condition stack pile than commercial product wear-resisting property more preferably, it can improve service life, be carried out by RCA paper tapes abrasion wear test machine
Abrasion test, loading 175g scrollings are not coated with factice band and rub with sample, and commercially available polyvinyl chloride paint experience 340 encloses the material that sees the bottom, self-control
Water proof resin hardboard paint experience 470 encloses the material that sees the bottom, and abrasion resistant effect the latter is stronger, can improve service life.
The longer plant of root system is following one or more of combination：Fruit tree, sweet potato, soybean, potato, peanut, green soy bean；
The shorter plant of root system is following one or more of combination：Paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass, velvet grass, Bai Zhilian, chicken
Be preced with flower, dead leaf chrysanthemum, gardenia, sago cycas, orange, have a smile on one's face.
First water barrier 2 is 1m apart from the distance between upper surface of mound field 1, and each edge is apart from the side of mound field 1
Between horizontal distance be 1.2m；The distance between the height of vertical eliminator plate 203 and two adjacent vertical eliminator plates 203 are
For 300mm, the thickness of horizontal eliminator plate 202 is 15mm, and the thickness of water proof resin soft board layer 201 is 7mm, the thickness of antiskid plate 204
Spend for 10mm, width 200mm, length is consistent with the length for the groove 205 that blocks water, and the spacing between two neighboring antiskid plate 204 is
450mm, the angle between antiskid plate 204 and horizontal plane are 30 °, and the top of antiskid plate 204 is in towards water proof resin soft board layer
The position at 201 centers, that is, be presented the structure radiated around by center；
The length and width of second water barrier 3 are 2m, a height of 0.15m, and the distance between two neighboring second water barrier 3 is
2m, the length, width and height of tank 301 are respectively 1800mm, 1800mm and 150mm, and the length, width and height of the first small sink 302 are respectively
100mm, 2000mm and 150mm, the length, width and height of the second small sink 303 are respectively 1800mm, 100mm and 150mm；
Between two neighboring first soil humidity sensor 206, between two neighboring second soil humidity sensor 304
Distance is 50m；It can be seen from the above that be not that the second soil humidity sensor 304 is fitted with each second water barrier 3, and
It is that part has, has so not only reached purpose, but also saved cost.
Water proof resin hardboard 401 a length of 5m, width 2m, thickness 10mm, between adjacent two blocks of water proof resins hardboard 401
At intervals of 2.5m；Shield sink 402 is ship type, depth 100mm, lower width 150mm, length 2m, and upper width is
200mm, length 2m, the spacing on vertical direction between two neighboring shield sink 402 is 0.5m.
The design for protecting the size and structure of sink 402 ensures that whole native field lateral side regions can meet that water storage requirement again will not
Because the 3rd water barrier 4 reduces the frictional force of 1 side of mound field, ensure the stabilization of side slope.The size and structure of first water barrier 2
Design both can guarantee that separate top water penetrate into lower section and also can guarantee that mound field 1 by proximal side region shearing strength more
Greatly, it is more firm.
Construction and application method of the large-scale mine ecological recovery of the present invention with the intelligence system of holding, including following step
Suddenly：
(A) according to Coal Mine Design drawing, find a job face region, according to direction of extraction, in the incipient stage, brushing
The region upper epidermis fertile soil of 800m on direction is pushed to adopt, general top layer fertile soil thickness 200-400mm, peels off local top layer humic
Soil is transported to some region, and constant temperature preserves after watering；
(B) after working face starts operation, using 500m as extreme value, i.e., when the advance of the face is more than 300m, start to continue
The unstripped top layer fertile soil in stripping operation face region, peel distance 0-300m, ensures there is 500-800m's above working face
Region is fertile soil stripping area；500m minimums ensure there is certain job space, and topsoil fertile soil is from this working face
Coal ash of exploitation etc. pollutes, and 800m maximums ensure that operating area vegetated surface is big, and the degree of welding minimizes；
(C) sand in working face more than coal seam is peeled away, is transported to mound field 1；Mound field size design uses
Excel is calculated, buried depth, and working face length, calculates mound field height and width；
(D) when also having 1m apart from 1 surface of mound field, it is laid with the first water barrier 2, it is ensured that it is water-tight, and ensure at this time the
With the horizontal distance of 1 side of mound field it is 0.5m around one water barrier 2, spacing lays for 50m in length and breadth on the first water barrier 2
One soil humidity sensor 206, is pasted onto on the first water barrier 2, continues mound on the top, is careful not to damage in this process
Bad first water barrier 2；
(E) when also having 0.3m apart from 1 surface of mound field, the second water barrier 3 is laid with, spacing is 2m in length and breadth；In the second water proof
Second soil humidity sensor 304 is set on layer 3；
(F) region of highest mound is had reached in mound field 1, side and both sides are laid with the 3rd water barrier 4 respectively behind,
Spacing is 2.5m, and slowly down topples over sand from 4 interval of the 3rd water barrier, and manually applied, ensures inclined plane along level
Direction adds 0.7m outward；3rd soil humidity sensor 403 is set on the 3rd water barrier 4；
(G) after Tu Chang has accumulated, the top layer fertile soil of 300mm thickness, top layer fertile soil are laid with upper surface and side
For original surface collection, watering, suitably spills some fertilizer；In the plant planted before plantation directly over the second water barrier 3
Shorter, the drought-enduring species of root system, if without or select if being difficult to plant again it is following it is several in one or more of combinations：
Paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass, velvet grass, Bai Zhilian, cockscomb, dead leaf chrysanthemum, gardenia, sago cycas, orange, with a smile；Plantation
Position is that cultivated area is 2 × 2m directly over the second water barrier；
The longer and drought-enduring plant of root system in the plant that this area is planted before other ecological region plantings of mound field 1, if
Without or be difficult plant again then selection it is following it is several in one or more of combinations：Fruit tree, sweet potato, soybean, potato, flower
Raw, green soy bean；Shorter, the drought-enduring species of root system in the plant that this area is planted before being planted in side, if without or be difficult
Plant again then selection it is following it is several in one or more of combinations：Vetiver, paspalum notatum, annual bluegrass；Deep-rootedness is mixed with shallow root
Kind, different high-low water levels caused by coordinating artificial water-keeping device, make full use of the effect of the underground space and moisture and nutrient, protect
The ecological environment on mound field surface.
(H) by the first soil humidity sensor 206, the second soil humidity sensor 304 and the 3rd soil humidity sensor
403 monitoring result, is transmitted directly to water injector, and when concentration is less than threshold value, water injector automatic water jetting, ensures watering
Intelligence, become more meticulous, and adequately protect environment and saving water resource.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to the model of the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, technical side of the those of ordinary skill in the art to the present invention
The various modifications and improvement that case is made, should all fall into the protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of large-scale mine ecological recovery and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：The large-scale mine includes mound field
(1), the intelligence system includes being arranged on internal the first water barrier (2) of the mound field (1), the second water barrier (3) and the
Three water barriers (4)；First water barrier (2) is rectangle, and it is internal to be horizontally set on the mound field (1), described second every
Water layer (3) is square sink, and quantity is multiple, is uniformly arranged on the top of first water barrier (2), the 3rd water proof
Layer (4) is positioned close to the position of mound field (1) the surrounding side slope；First water barrier (2) includes rectangular water proof
Resin soft board layer (201) and the anti-skidding waterproofing device being connected with its surrounding, the anti-skidding waterproofing device include horizontal eliminator plate
(202), multiple vertical eliminator plates (203) being arranged in parallel and multiple antiskid plates (204) being arranged in parallel, the horizontal eliminator plate
(202) bottom of the multiple vertical eliminator plate (203) is connected to, forms multiple grooves that block water (205), the antiskid plate (204)
To be obliquely installed, the upper end is connected with the bottom of the horizontal eliminator plate (202).
2. large-scale mine ecological recovery according to claim 1 and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：It is described every
Multiple first soil humidity sensors (206) are fixed with water-resin soft board layer (201), are planted on first water barrier (2)
It is longer plant to take root；
The water proof resin soft board layer (201), the horizontal eliminator plate (202), the vertical eliminator plate (203) and described anti-skidding
Plate (204) is formed by water proof resin soft board；The water proof resin soft board is one kind in following two：
(I) polychloroethylene transparent soft sheet；
(II) the water proof resin soft board is prepared by the following method：By dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) 100g, methyl styrene
80g, tribasic lead sulfate 10g and each 10g of precipitated calcium carbonate are stirred under inert gas shielding, and temperature maintains 120 during stirring
DEG C, palmitic acid 1.5g, palmitic acid barium 1.5g and catalyst 5g are added after being sufficiently stirred, finally puts room temperature Cheng Mo.
3. large-scale mine ecological recovery according to claim 2 and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：Described second
Water barrier (3) includes tank (301), the first small sink (302) being connected at left and right sides of the tank (301), connection
The second small sink (303) before and after the tank (301)；The second soil is fixed with second water barrier (3) of part
Earth humidity sensor (304), kind is implanted with the shorter plant of root system on second water barrier (3).
4. large-scale mine ecological recovery according to claim 3 and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：Described 3rd
Water barrier (4) includes water proof resin hardboard (401) and the multiple shield sinks being uniformly fixed on the water proof resin hardboard (401)
(402), the water proof resin hardboard (401) is parallel with the side slope of the mound field (1) to be obliquely installed, in the mound field
(1) the shield sink (402) for there are multiple ship types, its one end are horizontally disposed between side slope and the water proof resin hardboard (401)
It is fixed on the water proof resin hardboard (401).
5. large-scale mine ecological recovery according to claim 4 and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：Described 3rd
The quantity of water barrier (4) is multiple, is uniformly arranged along the surrounding side slope of the mound field (1), in the multiple of same side
3rd water barrier (4) is arranged in parallel, and has certain intervals between two neighboring 3rd water barrier (4), every 4~5
It is a that 3 the 3rd soil humidity sensors (403) are provided with the 3rd water barrier (4), it is separately fixed at topmost, centre
On the shield sink (402) of foot.
6. large-scale mine ecological recovery according to claim 5 and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：The water proof
Resin hardboard (401) is one kind in following two：
(i) epoxy glass fiber plate；
(ii) the water proof resin hardboard is prepared by the following method：By dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) 100g, methyl styrene
80g, tribasic lead sulfate 10g and each 10g of precipitated calcium carbonate are stirred under inert gas shielding, and temperature maintains 120 during stirring
DEG C, stearic acid 1.5g, barium stearate 1.5g and catalyst 5g are added after being sufficiently stirred, finally puts room temperature Cheng Mo.
7. large-scale mine ecological recovery according to claim 6 and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：The root system
Longer plant is following one or more of combination：Fruit tree, sweet potato, soybean, potato, peanut, green soy bean；The root system is shorter
Plant be following one or more of combination：Paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass, velvet grass, Bai Zhilian, cockscomb, dead leaf
Chrysanthemum, gardenia, sago cycas, orange, with a smile.
8. large-scale mine ecological recovery according to claim 7 and the intelligence system kept, it is characterised in that：Described first
Water barrier (2) is 1m apart from the distance between upper surface of the mound field (1), and each edge is apart from the side of the mound field (1)
Horizontal distance between face is 1.2m；The height and two adjacent vertical eliminator plates of the vertical eliminator plate (203)
The distance between (203) it is 300mm, the thickness of the horizontal eliminator plate (202) is 15mm, the water proof resin soft board layer
(201) thickness is 7mm, and the thickness of the antiskid plate (204) is 10mm, width 200mm, length and the groove that blocks water
(205) length is consistent, and the spacing between the two neighboring antiskid plate (204) is 450mm, the antiskid plate (204) and water
Angle between plane is 30 °, and the top of the antiskid plate (204) is in towards water proof resin soft board layer (201) center
Position；
The length and width of second water barrier (3) are 2m, a height of 0.15m, between two neighboring second water barrier (3)
Distance is 2m, and the length, width and height of the tank (301) are respectively 1800mm, 1800mm and 150mm, the first small sink
(302) length, width and height are respectively 100mm, 2000mm and 150mm, and the length, width and height of the second small sink (303) are respectively
1800mm, 100mm and 150mm；
Between two neighboring first soil humidity sensor (206), two neighboring second soil humidity sensor
The distance between (304) it is 50m；
The water proof resin hardboard (401) a length of 5m, width 2m, thickness 10mm, adjacent two pieces of water proof resin hardboards
(401) between at intervals of 2.5m；The shield sink (402) is ship type, depth 100mm, lower width 150mm, length
For 2m, upper width 200mm, length 2m, the spacing on vertical direction between the two neighboring shield sink (402) is
0.5m。
9. large-scale mine ecological recovery described in any one in claim 1~8 and the construction of intelligence system that keeps and make
With method, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(A) according to Coal Mine Design drawing, find a job face region, and according to direction of extraction, in the incipient stage, brushing pushes to adopt
The region upper epidermis fertile soil of 800m on direction, general top layer fertile soil thickness 200-400mm, the top layer fertile soil for peeling off locality are transported
Some region is sent to, constant temperature preserves after watering；
(B) after working face starts operation, using 500m as extreme value, i.e., when the advance of the face is more than 300m, start to continue to peel off
The unstripped top layer fertile soil in working face region, peel distance 0-300m, ensures there is the region of 500-800m above working face
For fertile soil stripping area；
(C) sand in working face more than coal seam is peeled away, is transported to mound field (1)；
(D) when also having 1m apart from mound field (1) surface, it is laid with the first water barrier (2), it is ensured that it is water-tight, and ensure institute at this time
The horizontal distance stated around the first water barrier (2) with mound field (1) side is 0.5m, on first water barrier (2)
Spacing lays the first soil humidity sensor (206) for 50m in length and breadth, is pasted onto on first water barrier (2), continues on the top
Mound；
(E) when also having 0.3m apart from mound field (1) surface, the second water barrier (3) is laid with, spacing is 2m in length and breadth；Described
Second soil humidity sensor (304) is set on the second water barrier (3)；
(F) region of highest mound is had reached in the mound field (1), side and both sides are laid with the 3rd water barrier respectively behind
(4), spacing 2.5m, and slowly down topple over sand from the 3rd water barrier (4) interval, and it is manually applied, ensure to incline
Inclined-plane adds 0.7m outward in the horizontal direction；3rd soil humidity sensor is set on the 3rd water barrier (4)
(403)；
(G) after Tu Chang has accumulated, the top layer fertile soil of 300mm thickness is laid with upper surface and side, top layer fertile soil is original
Carry out surface collection, sprinkle water, suitably spill some fertilizer；The plant planted before plantation directly over second water barrier (3)
Shorter, the drought-enduring species of middle root system, if without or select if being difficult to plant again it is following it is several in one or more of groups
Close：Paspalum notatum, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass, velvet grass, Bai Zhilian, cockscomb, dead leaf chrysanthemum, gardenia, sago cycas, orange, with a smile；
Planting location is that cultivated area is 2 × 2m directly over second water barrier；
The longer and drought-enduring plant of root system in the plant that this area is planted before described other ecological region plantings of mound field (1), such as
Fruit without or be difficult plant again then selection it is following it is several in one or more of combinations：Fruit tree, sweet potato, soybean, potato,
Peanut, green soy bean；Shorter, the drought-enduring species of root system in the plant that this area is planted before being planted in side, if not or very
Difficult plantation then selection it is following it is several in one or more of combinations：Vetiver, paspalum notatum, annual bluegrass；
(H) by first soil humidity sensor (206), second soil humidity sensor (304) and the 3rd soil
The monitoring result of earth humidity sensor (403), is transmitted directly to water injector, and when concentration is less than threshold value, water injector is automatic
Water spray, ensures the intelligence of watering, becomes more meticulous, and adequately protect environment and saving water resource.
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