CN106978519A - A kind of method that blowing argon gas prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process - Google Patents
A kind of method that blowing argon gas prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106978519A CN106978519A CN201710263683.3A CN201710263683A CN106978519A CN 106978519 A CN106978519 A CN 106978519A CN 201710263683 A CN201710263683 A CN 201710263683A CN 106978519 A CN106978519 A CN 106978519A
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- ladle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/58—Pouring-nozzles with gas injecting means
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind in ladle tapping process, a kind of method prevented and treated by bottom blowing argon gas whirlpool slag phenomenon belongs to metallurgical technology field.The present invention is that during steel ladle pouring, low discharge air blowing is carried out by the gas hole for wrapping bottom, and the Flow Field Distribution of whirlpool formation in tapping process is upset with this, thoroughly suppresses the formation of whirlpool and the generation of whirlpool slag phenomenon.Advantages of the present invention：Ladle structure is not changed, whirlpool slag phenomenon just can be effectively eliminated, and improves molten steel cleanness and recovery rate of iron；The gas hole used when can be using refining, it is not necessary to which gas hole is located near the mouth of a river, it is also an option that setting multiple gas holes, larger temperature drop is caused all without the molten steel to flowing into tundish；Overall process of tapping carries out low discharge blowing argon gas, to further promoting inclusion floating and molten steel temperature homogenization also to play a role, while it is exposed not result in molten steel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, and in particular to a kind of blowing argon gas prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process
Method.
Background technology
With continuing to develop for the every profession and trades such as space flight, traffic, oil and automobile, requirement of each field to steel performance is then not
It is disconnected to improve, therefore, steel inclusion how is reduced, improve the cleanliness factor of steel, and then steel product quality is improved, obtain high-performance Gao Pin
One of the problem of matter steel are iron and steel enterprise's extensive concerns.And casting process is the important step of clean steel production, to the clean of steel
Cleanliness influence is very big, and the whirlpool slag phenomenon wherein produced in ladle tapping process has just had a strong impact on the cleanliness factor of molten steel,
Molten steel is polluted, while can also bring ladle liner to be corroded, nozzle blocking, slag clear up the harm such as difficulty.
The specific forming process of whirlpool slag is：After the mouth of a river is opened, due to produced by molten steel ladle self gravitation
The poor not releveling of static pressure, promotes molten steel constantly to flow into tundish from ladle, liquid level starts continuous decline；The energy provided when gravity
When amount is not enough, the fluid of surrounding can not fill up the fluid volume at the outflow mouth of a river in time, and liquid level just starts to be recessed；Then it is recessed
Fall into and constantly extend downward into the mouth of a river in coniform, so just gradually formed the whirlpool being observed that in people's vision.Whirlpool
Tip reach the mouth of a river at when liquid level be defined as critical altitude, when liquid level be less than critical altitude when, slag is just rolled up
Enter into tundish.The whirlpool actually formed in ladle tapping process is divided to two kinds of forms, and one kind is non-rotary whirlpool of confluxing, one
It is the funnel type whirlpool rotated to plant.Both formation mechenisms are entirely different, and its difference is essentially consisted in：The funnel type whirlpool ratio of rotation
Conflux the formation condition that many one of whirlpool tangentially disturbs.Refining, transport and molten steel of this tangential disturbance mainly due to ladle
The molten steel that causes of temperature difference etc. reason inside there is the motion of tangential direction, then under the conditions of angular momentum conservation law,
As fluid constantly flows to the mouth of a river, the distance apart from mouth of a river center is nearer, and its angular speed is bigger, so increase over time,
Fluid rotary obtains more and more faster, so more seriously prevents surrounding fluid to go to supplement the fluid volume at the outflow mouth of a river in time,
Then the formation of liquid surface hollow is accelerated.Therefore, the critical altitude for comparing non-rotary whirlpool of confluxing is very low, and rotate
The critical altitude of funnel type whirlpool is very high, and slag is very serious, is the main cause for causing slag.And traditional technology is pin
For confluxing in molten steel, whirlpool has been formed, in order to which the starting point for reducing whirlpool size is prevented and treated, not from whirlpool formation machine
Reason is prevented and treated, therefore is not suitable for solving " the funnel type whirlpool " of rotation.In addition, the air blowing flow that traditional technology needs is relative
It is larger, it is necessary to which strict control, otherwise can cause slag and the exposed phenomenon by secondary oxidation of molten steel on the contrary.Meanwhile, traditional skill
Porous breathable brick is set to need to change original ladle structure in tapping hole in art, larger also easily cause of air blowing flow is blown steel
The temperature drop of liquid is larger, and air blowing can extend the tapping time at tapping hole.
At present, prevent the technology of whirlpool slag to be broadly divided into following three class in casting process, be respectively on hide method, lower Tibetan method
With suppression method (Huang Ye：Jiangxi Metallurgical, 19 (1999), 1).Method of hiding on so-called refers to the steel retained before ladle is withdrawn in ladle
Liquid depth just stops cast when being more than critical altitude, the generation of whirlpool is hidden from top, but will be to sacrifice molten steel recovery rate as generation
Valency.This method is usually required to install various slag automatic detection devices, and slide gate nozzle is closed in time according to monitoring signals, but
Due to not suppressing whirlpool fundamentally, so the problem of still there is delayed and sacrifice molten steel recovery rate.So-called lower Tibetan method is
Refer to the ladle bottom position near the locality reduction mouth of a river, make critical altitude part so that all hiding within the reduction position,
Hide whirlpool from bottom, so as to reach the dual purpose for reducing slag and improving molten steel recovery rate.But the method is to ladle structure
Change larger, and easily cause dry slag, also limited by production environment and space.And suppression method refers to take measures fundamentally
The critical altitude of whirlpool is reduced, the generation of whirlpool is postponed or prevents the formation of through funnel-form whirlpool, so as to reduce whirlpool volume
Slag phenomenon, and then the recovery rate of molten steel is improved, the method is the most commonly used one kind being studied in three kinds of methods.Common suppression
For example various valve bodies that swim of preparation method, the anti-whirlpool of electromagnetism and anti-whirlpool of blowing.Nippon has invented skimming ball (Zheng Xinyou within 1970：Steel
Iron is studied, 1 (2000), 59), Labate M D summarize the experience that West Germany's scum rod is used in the U.S. within 1987, have invented top
(the Labate M D such as floating plug of spiral shell shape：US4799650), these methods are added in tapping process with molten steel liquid level one
The valve body declined is acted, density can block the mouth of a river automatically to suppress whirlpool between molten steel and slag in the front valve shell of slag
Slag phenomenon.French IRSID research institutes proposed the whirlpool in tundish is controlled using electromagnetic principle in 1978
Design (Pierre V:France, No2443892), Suh J W etc. propose to carry out anti-whirlpool (Suh J W using magnetostatic field:ISIJ,
41 (2001), 689), and the design such as I.I. Da Er Dicks the anti-whirlpool device of rotary electromagnetic field, these methods are to utilize magnetic field pair
The Lorentz force that molten steel is produced carries out contactless control to whirlpool slag phenomenon.Ono-Nakazato H are proposed in whirlpool soon
Inert gas is blown at the mouth of a river carry out anti-whirlpool (Ono-Nakazato H during formation：Journal of JSEM,7(2007),
120), the method is being to prevent being involved in for field trash to the active force of molten steel using gas.For the various valve bodies that swim,
New impurity has been introduced into molten steel；Calutron is difficult to determine due to the hot environment of actual production and whirlpool direction of rotation
Restriction, also exist only in conceptual phase；And the anti-whirlpool method of air blowing proposed at present is mainly when whirlpool is soon formed in water
Mouthful place blown, it is necessary to air-blowing quantity it is relatively large, easily cause liquid fluctuating increase, formation slag blister cause molten steel to aoxidize,
Larger temperature drop is caused to the molten steel for flowing into tundish simultaneously.The pros and cons of more each anti-whirlpool method, are generally adopted in current actual production
Anti- whirlpool method be still sacrifice molten steel recovery rate on hide method, mainly using slag monitoring technology to close in time the mouth of a river with
Molten steel cleanness is ensured, therefore, greatly increases ton steel cost, very big economic loss is brought to enterprise.
The content of the invention
For the deficiency of various anti-whirlpool methods in existing ladle tapping process, steel is prevented the invention provides a kind of blowing argon gas
The method of whirlpool slag phenomenon in bag tapping process, it is therefore intended that, overall process is carried out by bottom blowing hole in tapping process
Low discharge is blown, and then upsets Flow Field Distribution when whirlpool is formed, and thoroughly eliminates the formation of whirlpool and the hair of whirlpool slag phenomenon
It is raw.
The present invention relates to ladle, tundish and argon-blowing device；The ladle bottom is provided with the mouth of a river；In the ladle
Molten steel flows into tundish by the mouth of a river；The gas hole communicated with argon-blowing device, the air blowing are also provided with the ladle bottom
Hole be single hole or can simultaneously blowing argon gas it is porous.During use, it is desirable to open Argon while opening ladle nozzle cast
Device, Argon operation is carried out in tapping overall process, carries out single hole by the gas hole of ladle bottom or porous while blowing argon gas, and
Single hole or porous total gas flow rate are 1~100L/min.The argon-blowing device is that those skilled in the art are usually used in this area
Known device.
When wherein described air blowing flow is smaller, it can effectively eliminate whirlpool and temperature drop is very small；Described blowing gas stream
When measuring larger, it can effectively eliminate whirlpool and inclusion floating, molten steel temperature homogenization have been promoted.
Air blowing flow can also further be adjusted according to actual conditions, for example, air blowing flow can be increased in tapping early stage
38~100L/min, little particle inclusion floating and the uniform purpose of temperature are promoted to reach, the later stage gradually subtracts with molten steel amount
Air blowing flow can be turned down to 1~38L/min less and reach the purpose for reducing temperature drop.
The present invention can be carried out single hole air blowing, just can be had to whirlpool slag phenomenon using gas hole used in refining link
Suppressed.
Currently preferred technical scheme is, distance of the gas hole away from ladle center for ladle radius 3/4ths with
It is interior.Described air blowing hole site is most preferably close to ladle center, and carrying out blowing here can reach optimal whirlpool suppression effect
Really.
Currently preferred technical scheme is that described porous air blowing makes wherein a hole refines link by ladle bottom
Gas hole, distance of other gas holes away from ladle center is that other gas holes are away from steel within 3/4ths of ladle radius
The optimal distance at bag center is 1/2nd of ladle radius.
Compared with other anti-whirlpool methods, difference and advantage of the invention is：Molten steel blowing argon gas smelt production link in be
Through frequently with, it is very acute that it is primarily due to the effect that inert gas will not be polluted between molten steel, and bubble and molten steel
It is strong, there is very strong change effect to the flow field in ladle, therefore, selection blowing argon gas, which carry out anti-whirlpool, can realize many anti-whirlpool methods
The pollution-free and significantly effective anti-whirlpool effect being difficult to, substantially increases the recovery rate of molten steel.The present invention can be answered simultaneously
With the existing gas hole of ladle, so operation implements simple and easy, without being modified to ladle structure, cost is relatively low.
And compared with others blow anti-whirlpool, the present invention is not the active force using air blowing when whirlpool is soon formed passively to offset
Liquid surface hollow caused by whirlpool, but carry out blowing always before whirlpool formation upsetting the Flow Field Distribution form that whirlpool is formed,
Active by rotary-type whirlpool eliminate in rudiment.The air blowing flow that uses of the present invention is smaller simultaneously, and it is exposed not result in molten steel,
The low discharge of tapping overall process, which is blown, can also be conducive to further removing the little particle field trash still suffered from ladle after refining, have
Beneficial to the homogenization of molten steel temperature, and avoid to flowing into the drawbacks of molten steel in tundish causes larger temperature drop.
Brief description of the drawings
The anti-whirlpool schematic diagram of Fig. 1 ladle argon-blowns：In figure, 101, whirlpool；102nd, molten steel；103rd, molten steel is circulated；201st, steel
Bag；202nd, gas hole；203rd, the mouth of a river；207th, tundish.
Fig. 2 water model experimental provision schematic diagrams：In figure, 201, model ladle；202nd, gas hole；203rd, the mouth of a river；204th, valve
Door；205th, pop one's head in；206th, supersonic Doppler tachymeter；207th, model tundish；208th, flowmeter；209th, nitrogen cylinder.
Fig. 3 gas hole locations drawing：In figure, 1-8 be air blowing hole site；Wherein 1-No. 4 gas holes away from ladle center away from
From 1/2nd for ladle radius, 5,6, No. 8 distances of the gas hole away from ladle center be 3/4ths of ladle radius, No. 7
Gas hole is located at ladle center.
Fig. 4 tangential velocities and the variation relation figure of air blowing flow.
Fig. 5 whirlpools critical altitudes and gas hole change in location graph of a relation.
Fig. 6 difference air blowings hole site sets figure.
Fig. 7 whirlpools critical altitudes and molten steel/slag blanket mixed zone thickness.
Embodiment
Following non-limiting examples can make one of ordinary skill in the art be more fully understood the present invention, but not with
Any mode limits the present invention.Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, according to
Technical scheme and its inventive concept carry out equivalent substitution or changed to belong to protection category of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and according to the principle of similitude carry out water model EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE the present invention is further described.
The blowing argon gas that the present invention is implemented prevent water model device such as Fig. 1 and 2 of whirlpool slag phenomenon in ladle tapping process
Shown, model ladle 201 is with 1 by actual 60t ladles:4 geometric proportion is manufactured, wherein filling the water that height is 60cm
(simulation molten steel), stands after 5min, and the valve 204 for opening the mouth of a river 203 carries out tapping steel, passes through while opening nitrogen cylinder 209
Gas hole 202 carries out bottom nitrogen blowing (simulation argon gas) operation, and the gas flow that is passed through is controlled using flowmeter 208, and with surpassing
Acoustic doppler tachymeter 206 measures the tangential velocity value of 205 positions of probe.Can be with by water model EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE
The mobility status of molten steel ladle when illustrating the present invention to the inhibition of whirlpool in tapping process and the implementation present invention.
Embodiment 1
Using described water model experimental provision, stream is blown into by No. 1 gas hole 202 in Fig. 3 respectively in tapping process
Measure as 0~1.3L/min gases.When air blowing flow is 0L/min, i.e., the critical altitude of whirlpool is higher when not blown in tapping process
For 9.4cm, it is passed through after gas, the critical altitude with the increase whirlpool of air blowing flow significantly declines.It is in air blowing flow
Constantly, the critical altitude of whirlpool is reduced to 5.5cm to 0.04L/min；When air blowing flow is 1.3L/min, the critical altitude drop of whirlpool
To minimum 1.8cm.It is consequently possible to calculate the liquid recovery rate for going out the final gained of water model experiment carried out according to the present invention can
Improve about 13% or so.
According to above-mentioned experimental result, by the reduction formula Q between simulation gas and actual air-blowing quantityAr=0.901 λ-5/2QN2
The argon gas amount being blown into the actual tapping process for reach identical inhibition, wherein Q can be calculatedArFor in actual tapping process
The argon flow amount being blown into, QN2For the nitrogen amount being blown into simulation process, λ is the geometric proportion factor of model ladle and actual ladle
(Xu Hailun：University of Science ＆ Technology, Beijing's journal, 32 (2010), 843).By calculate the argon flow amount that is actually blown into should 1~
38L/min.Wherein, when being blown into less argon flow amount, good whirlpool inhibition just can be reached, and is blown into relatively large
Argon flow amount when, except can preferably suppress whirlpool slag phenomenon, the flowing of molten steel 102 can also be increased.Such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, the tangential velocity after air blowing in ladle 201 with the distribution form away from the bottom level of ladle 201 when not blowing compared with
Change, upset the velocity field of whirlpool formation, thus inhibit the formation of whirlpool；And larger air blowing flow makes in ladle 201
The tangential velocity of molten steel has increased that (tangential velocity is not average tangential velocity of the measurement point relative to the center of ladle 201, and not
Consider direction of rotation), the disturbance of molten steel is become big, promote the flowing between molten steel.Meanwhile, air blowing can also make molten steel tap
Formed in journey on vertical direction as shown in Figure 1 and circulate 103, this circulate can fill up as in Fig. 1 in time
The volume for the liquid surface hollow that whirlpool 103 is formed, while the upper of heat exchange between molten steel and little particle field trash can also be promoted
It is floating.
The temperature drop formula Δ T=M of molten steel is caused by blowing argon gasAr×CAr×(TSteel-TAr)/(CSteel×MSteel) can calculate and blow
The temperature drop brought after argon gas, wherein Δ T are temperature drop, MArFor argon gas mass flow, MSteelFor the quality of molten steel, CArFor the ratio of argon gas
Thermal capacitance 0.879J/ (kg. DEG C), CSteelFor specific heat capacity 1.465J/ (kg. DEG C) (Yu Haiming of molten steel：The external refining skill of converter molten steel
Art, 2011,163).Then molten steel temperature is 1600 DEG C, when temperature of argon gas is 20 DEG C, and argon gas density is 1.784kg/m3, ladle appearance
Measure as 60t, because ladle tapping process molten steel amount is constantly reduced, take the half of ladleful substantially to estimate that its temperature drop can be obtained,
When being blown into argon flow amount for 0.04L/min, the temperature drop produced to molten steel is about 0.000002 DEG C, very small to ignore；And
When being blown into argon flow amount for 38L/min, the temperature drop produced to molten steel is about 0.002 DEG C.Therefore, the present invention not at the mouth of a river to steel
Liquid is blown, and make it that argon gas gradually disperses in whole ladle, and the temperature drop formed to molten steel is all relatively small.
Embodiment 2
Using described water model experimental provision, it is blown into respectively by 1-No. 8 gas holes 202 in Fig. 3 in tapping process
Flow is 0.06L/min gas, obtains the experimental result such as Fig. 5.As shown in Figure 5, whirlpool when not blown in tapping process
Critical altitude is very high, and when being blown by 1-No. 8 gas holes 202, the critical altitude of whirlpool is decreased obviously, therefore,
Gas hole 202 used, the whirlpool inhibition that just may be significantly when can be refined in practice using ladle 201.And phase
Than under, preferably, i.e., gas hole 202 is located proximate to ladle to the inhibition of whirlpool when being blown by No. 7 gas holes 202
201 centers, the inhibition of whirlpool is relatively preferable.Blown simultaneously in the optimal position of gas hole 202, air blowing flow is only
Just critical altitude can be dropped to 1.5cm during for 0.06L/min, it is seen then that further adjust air blowing flow in this position, one can be entered
The critical altitude of step reduction whirlpool, obtains higher recovery rate of iron.
The present invention in actual applications, can also further be adjusted according to actual conditions to air blowing flow, in tapping early stage
Air blowing flow can be increased, little particle inclusion floating and the uniform purpose of temperature are promoted to reach, the later stage with molten steel amount gradually
Reduction can turn air blowing flow down, reach the purpose for reducing temperature drop.
Embodiment 3
Using method for numerical simulation, simulate after being blown respectively by the different gas holes in Fig. 6 in tapping process
Slag situation is specific to set as follows：I.e. air blowing flow of not blowing is 0L/min；Single hole is blown, and air blowing hole site is No. 1 air blowing
Hole, air blowing flow is 100L/min, and diplopore is blown, and air blowing hole site is No. 1 and No. 2 gas holes, and total air blowing flow is 100L/
Min (single hole flow is 50L/min)；Diplopore is blown, and air blowing hole site is No. 1 and No. 3, and total air blowing flow is 100L/min (single
Hole flow is 50L/min).Each distance of the gas hole away from the mouth of a river is R/4 (R is ladle bottom radius).Fig. 7 is analog result,
By analog result it can be found that either single hole is blown or diplopore air blowing can significantly decrease the critical altitude of whirlpool,
Inhibit the generation of whirlpool slag phenomenon.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that blowing argon gas prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process, it is characterised in that：In tapping overall process, lead to
The gas hole for crossing ladle bottom carries out single hole or porous while blowing argon gas, and single hole or porous total gas flow rate are 1~100L/
min。
2. the method that a kind of blowing argon gas according to claim 1 prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process, its feature exists
In：Distance of the gas hole away from ladle center is within 3/4ths of ladle radius.
3. the method that a kind of blowing argon gas according to claim 1 or 2 prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process, its feature
It is：The gas hole is gas hole used in ladle bottom refining link.
4. the method that a kind of blowing argon gas according to claim 3 prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process, its feature exists
In：Described porous air blowing, wherein a hole is gas hole used in ladle bottom refining link, other gas holes are away from ladle
The distance of the heart is within 3/4ths of ladle radius.
5. the method that a kind of blowing argon gas according to claim 1 or 2 prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process, its feature
It is：Described air blowing hole site is close to ladle center.
6. the method that a kind of blowing argon gas according to claim 1 prevent whirlpool slag in ladle tapping process, its feature exists
In：Described air blowing is to increase air blowing 38~100L/min of flow in tapping early stage, and the later stage will blow as molten steel amount is gradually decreased
Throughput is adjusted to 1~38L/min.
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| CN107608397A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-01-19 | 河钢股份有限公司邯郸分公司 | LF refining adjusts the device and method of ladle bottom blowing argon flow amount during standing |
| CN107858479A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-30 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of converter tapping vortex inhibitor |
| CN108273987A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of ladle ventilating filling pipe end brick cup and its method for controlling ladle roughing slag |
| CN108620544A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-09 | 东北大学 | A kind of casting process control stuffing sand enters the method for tundish |
| CN109047695A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 东北大学 | A kind of immersed nozzle for continuous casting mould Argon control method |
| CN110523966A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-03 | 张家港广大特材股份有限公司 | A kind of double porous cores of ladle |
| CN113042699A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-29 | 北部湾大学 | Method for judging air blowing slag entrapment of slab crystallizer |
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| CN108273987A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of ladle ventilating filling pipe end brick cup and its method for controlling ladle roughing slag |
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| CN108620544A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-09 | 东北大学 | A kind of casting process control stuffing sand enters the method for tundish |
| CN109047695A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 东北大学 | A kind of immersed nozzle for continuous casting mould Argon control method |
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