CN106973745A - A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of leaf banyan - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of leaf banyan Download PDFInfo
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- CN106973745A CN106973745A CN201710170479.7A CN201710170479A CN106973745A CN 106973745 A CN106973745 A CN 106973745A CN 201710170479 A CN201710170479 A CN 201710170479A CN 106973745 A CN106973745 A CN 106973745A
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- cuttage
- banyan
- leaf banyan
- seedling
- leaf
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of leaf banyan.The inventive method is carried out in first arrival early April in March, is selected the river sand of good permeability as cutting medium main component, is carried out in warmhouse booth.The present invention is on the basis of many experiments, by selecting preferable cutting time, cutting medium, with the growth of the survival rate for improving bar leaf banyan and the root, branch, leaf that promote the bar leaf banyan seedling later stage.The inventive method seedling raise period is short (about 50~60 days), Quality of Seedlings is high, using this method, cuttage survival rate can reach more than 95%, be significantly higher than using non-woven bag and fill peat, perlite method (under this kind of method, the cuttage survival rate of bar leaf banyan for 40~60%).
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of leaf banyan.
(2) background technology
Under the background for greatly developing forest economy, selection has economy, practicality, the plant for being adapted to undergrowth environment plantation concurrently
Thing is for the booming most important of forest economy.Bar leaf banyan is a kind of plant with shade tolerance, and its root, stem and leaf can enter
Medicine, and as the auxiliary ingredients for going oil removal, as culinary art, can effectively remove the meat dish such as chicken, duck, goose, pig's feet
Greasy, dish flavouring, mouthfeel are tasty and refreshing.
The randomness of bar leaf banyan excavation, causes wild bar leaf banyan endangered, so, utilize existing a small number of bar leaf banyans
Resource, carries out cutting propagation work, and to recover bar Ye Rong fields distribution, and development artificial growth is carried under all kinds of forests
Have great importance for necessary nursery stock.
It is the most important purpose of cutting propagation technology to take root.The method that development plant cuttage is bred at present is numerous, often utilizes
The nutrition organs such as root, stem, the leaf of plant, immersion root-inducing powder (such as ABT, GGR), heteroauxin or other chemical reagent, to reach
The purpose of hestening rooting.But different plants, biological characteristics difference, bar leaf banyan is Moraceae ficus species, peculiar with its
Mode of taking root, how to reach preferably effect, also need further research.
(3) content of the invention
The purpose of invention is to provide a kind of efficient, bar leaf banyan cuttage and seedling culture method that nursery stage is short, Quality of Seedlings is high.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of leaf banyan, methods described includes：
(1) selection of time：Mid-March to early April is selected to carry out bar leaf banyan cuttage；The now energy of taking root of bar leaf banyan branch
Power is stronger, and the survival rate of cuttage branch is high and new life sprig, root, the growing state of leaf are all than the effect of other season cuttages growth
It is really good；
(2) matrix is selected：The river sand of good permeability is selected as cutting medium main component, and adds a small amount of vermiculite and mud
Charcoal, the cutting medium quality composition is as follows：River sand 80~90%, vermiculite 5~10%, peat 5~10%；Present invention selection is saturating
The preferable river sand of gas is as cutting medium main component, and the root of cuttage branch easily obtains oxygen, hestening rooting and young root
Growth；
(3) environmental selection：Selection (is built by steel pipe skeleton in warmhouse booth, covers polyvinyl chloride plastic film, area is about
300m2) interior carry out exhibition cuttage；The temperature of bar leaf banyan seedling local environment can be improved using roc, to prevent the early spring because of high temperature
Fluctuation, the adverse effect come to bar leaf banyan rooting zone；
(4) cuttings is cut in choosing：More than selection 3 years is raw, bar leaf banyan that more than plant height 80cm is healthy as elite stand, selection is healthy and strong,
Uprightly, the bar leaf banyan branch (raw branch was preferred in 1 year) of semi-lignified, it is unified tiltedly to cut, keep clip to tilt, 15~20cm of length makees
Cuttings；Typically it is advisable with 3 pitches, i.e. " 34 buds of section ", has blade on such as branch, the blade in cuttings is all cut off.Cuttings
Upper end clip can not cut the root body hindered near terminal bud and lower end leaf scar from bud 2cm, lower end clip close to 0.5~1cm of leaf scar,
Fringe bar with the morning or preferably dusk clip, the cuttings sheared be first soaked in immersion 20 in the carbendazim solution of 800 times of dilution~
Carry out after sterilization treatment within 30 minutes, then be soaked in 2 hours progress rooting treatments in the GGR taking root liquid basins of 10000 times of dilution, finally
By the positive cuttage of cuttage branch (anti-non-return slotting) to the nursery pond (general high 0.6m × wide 1m × long 40m) filled by cutting medium
In, cuttage 10~12cm of depth, 10~15cm of spacing, after the completion of cuttage, watering makes the cutting medium in nursery pond moisten completely；
(5) final-period management：Complete after cuttage work, sprayed water 1 time every 2~3 days in 15 days after inserting, moistened with backsight yellow sand
Situation is sprayed water in good time keeps sufficient moisture in nursery sand basin, and the weeds in cleaning nursery pond in time, and seedling is selected after 50~60 days
Culture transferring.
Unbroken overcast and rainy weather may be selected in culture transferring, in the soil outside seedling culture transferring to greenhouse, will need initial stage to cover sunshade
Net or the sylvan life for being transplanted to other trees, prevent damage of the illumination to seedling.Two ends will be raised in time by meeting hot weather or period
Or a part of edge film, to prevent burn seedlings.Transplant seedlings one week after, if rainwater is not enough, need manually to water, to ensure that root is adapted to
Extraneous soil environment.
The present invention is on the basis of many experiments, by selecting preferable cutting time, cutting medium, to improve bar leaf banyan
Survival rate and promote the root in bar leaf banyan seedling later stage, branch, the growth of leaf.
It is preferred that, step (2) the cutting medium quality composition is as follows：River sand 90%, vermiculite 5%, peat 5%.
Effective effect of the invention is embodied in：The inventive method seedling raise period is short (about 50~60 days), and Quality of Seedlings is high, adopt
With this method, cuttage survival rate can reach more than 95%, be significantly higher than using non-woven bag and fill the side of peat, perlite
Method (under this kind of method, the cuttage survival rate of bar leaf banyan for 40~60%).
(4) embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in
This：
Embodiment 1：
1. materials and methods
1.1 (are built by steel pipe skeleton in warmhouse booth, cover polyvinyl chloride plastic film, area about 300m2), nursery
Cuttage bar leaf banyan in the sandy matrix in pond (river sand 90%, vermiculite 5%, peat 5%, w/w).2014 at the beginning of 3 months, by the end of May, August
Just, selected from experimental field life in 3 years, plant height more than 80cm bar leaf banyan as female seedling, selection is healthy and strong, upright, semi-lignified
Bar leaf banyan branch, it is unified tiltedly to cut, cut life in 1 year or 2 years raw branches on the female seedling of bar leaf banyan with secateurs, be further cut into and grow 15
The cuttage bar of~20cm length, keeps having 3~5 buds in cutting, cuttings upper end clip is from bud 2cm, and lower end clip is close to leaf scar 0.5
~1cm, can not cut the root body hindered near terminal bud and lower end leaf scar, and the cuttings sheared is first soaked in the carbendazim of 800 times of dilution
Soak 20~30 minutes and carried out after sterilization treatment in solution, then be soaked in the GGR taking root liquid basins of 10000 times of dilution to enter for 2 hours
Row rooting treatment, the nursery pond (high 0.6m × wide 1m × long 40m) that the same day fills the positive cuttage of cutting to the sandy matrix of river sand
In.
Sprayed water 1 time, sprayed water in good time in holding nursery sand basin with backsight yellow sand Humid Status every 2~3 days in 15 days after inserting
Sufficient moisture, and the weeds in cleaning nursery pond in time.
1.2 at the beginning of 3 months 2014, diameter 8cm, high 12cm non-woven fabrics Seedling bag (basal diameter 8cm × long 12cm,
Material：Non-woven fabrics, the production of Tongcheng City rising sun Su Ye Co., Ltds) in by different ratio (specifically match be shown in Table 1) peat,
Perlite, fertilizer (love shellfish fertilising material, N:P:K=1:1:1, Zhejiang Hongyue Flowers Co., Ltd) carry out bar leaf banyan branch cutting educate
1 cuttage branch is placed in seedling, each non-woven fabrics Seedling bag.After cuttage after 30 days, cuttage survival rate is counted, is then used
The cuttage survival rate of bar leaf banyan under ANOVA variance analysis test different disposals.
Table 1:9 kinds of different substrates proportioning processing
2. result
The growth of 2.1 sandy matrix strips leaf banyans
Table 2：Sandy matrix cuttage bar leaf banyan survives and growing state in nursery pond
Note：It is all to be determined after cuttage in the 50th to the 54th day to survive with growing state, the alphabetical generation of the difference in same row
Table is in p<Significant difference in 0.01 level.
Respectively at 2014 3,5, August carries out 3 cuttages to bar leaf banyan, the results are shown in Table 2.Shown by table 2, since March,
With the postponement of cuttage activity time, the survival rate of bar leaf banyan constantly declines：The survival rate highest of cuttage bar leaf banyan, May at the beginning of 3 months
Bottom is taken second place, (table 2) minimum at the beginning of August.
From root length and root quantitative analysis, the bar leaf banyan seedling of cuttage at the beginning of 3 months takes root quantity and root length is all significantly higher than
The bar leaf banyan growing state (table 2) of other cuttages in 2 months.And in terms of the situation that shoot and spire grow, except the children of cuttage at the beginning of August
Seedling leaf quantity is significantly lower outer, and remaining indicator difference is not notable (table 2).
Bar leaf banyan grows in 2.2 non-woven fabrics Seedling bags
" peat+pearl is significantly higher than using sandy matrix cuttage bar leaf banyan survival rate (71.4%~95.2%) of the invention
Rock+fertilizer " matrix (18.4%~59.8%, table 2, table 3).
As shown in Table 3, the bar leaf banyan children that non-woven fabrics Seedling bag is cultivated is filled using peat, perlite and fertilizer different ratio
There is very big difference in the survival rate of seedling, wherein 3 (peat of formula：Perlite=6：4, fertilizer content 2.5kg/m3) cultivate bar leaf
Banyan seedling percent highest (59.8%), and it is formulated 8 (peat：Perlite=8：2, fertilizer content 2.0kg/m3) cultivate bar leaf
Banyan seedling percent is minimum (18.4%, table 3).
Table 3：The bar leaf banyan survival rate of 9 kinds of different ratio matrix
Bar leaf banyan seedling percent lowers as perlite ratio lowers：Peat：Perlite=6：4 formula (formula
1,2,3) seedling percent is in 43.7%~59.8%, peat：Perlite=7：3 formula (formula 4,5,6) seedling percent
In 25.3%~43.7%, peat：Perlite=8：2 formula (formula 7,8,9) seedling percent is 18.4%~27.2%
(table 3).
3. discuss
In sandy Medium Culture, the survival rate of cuttage branch is up to 95.2% by the end of March, and root growing way preferably, is taken second place by the end of May,
Cuttage survival rate is 85.2%, minimum by the end of August, and cuttage survival rate is 71.4%, and radical and blade quantity are all minimum, with China
The conclusion of the cuttage bar leaf banyan branch survival rate such as Jin Wei is consistent.This may be relevant with the adaptation of deciduous plant environment to external world, falls
Leaf and nutriment is stored on branch is a kind of strategy of low-temperature resistance of deciduous plant, so in spring cuttage, because of branch
Nutrient content is high, and the nutriment that later stage plant is in storage in growth busy season, branch is gradually lowered, and cutting experiment is not so good as
Spring is good.
From the experimental result at the beginning of 2014, the survival rate using the bar leaf banyan seedling of sandy matrix cutting propagation is notable
Higher than the bar leaf banyan seedling bred using non-woven fabrics Seedling bag, this may be relevant with the oxygen and moisture accessibility of root, and with
Fertilizer relation with contents in matrix is weaker.The seedling root oxygen grown in sandy seedling pond is more abundant, and moisture easily exists
Kept in sand basin the long period, but do not apply fertilizer；Although and using fertilizer in non-woven fabrics Seedling bag, seedling it is overall into
Motility rate only has 20%~50% of seedling percent in sandy seedling pond, illustrates that the role of fertilizer is less during cuttage, and with
The matrix of cuttage is relevant.Peat growing medium in non-woven fabrics Seedling bag then increases over time gradually becomes tight, root oxygen accessibility
Gradually it is deteriorated, and moisture is easily lost in, it is impossible to it is maintained at for a long time in non-woven fabrics Seedling bag.This point can different peats,
Be confirmed in perlite, the experiment of fertilizer ratio, cuttage seedling percent and with perlite ratio lower be in attenuating trend,
And in 3 processing, the survival rate of seedling is not obvious (table 3) with the increase variation tendency of fertilizer.
Claims (2)
1. the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of leaf banyan, methods described includes：
(1) selection of time：First arrival early April in March is selected to carry out bar leaf banyan cuttage；
(2) matrix is selected：The river sand of good permeability is selected as cutting medium main component, and adds a small amount of vermiculite and peat,
The cutting medium quality composition is as follows：River sand 80~90%, vermiculite 5~10%, peat 5~10%；
(3) environmental selection：Selection carries out exhibition cuttage in warmhouse booth；
(4) cuttings is cut in choosing：More than selection 3 years is raw, bar leaf banyan that more than plant height 80cm is healthy as elite stand, selection is healthy and strong, upright,
The bar leaf banyan branch of semi-lignified, it is unified tiltedly to cut, keep clip to tilt, 15~20cm of length makees cuttings, cuttings upper end clip from
Bud 2cm, lower end clip can not cut the root body hindered near terminal bud and lower end leaf scar, the cuttings sheared close to 0.5~1cm of leaf scar
First it is soaked in immersion in the carbendazim solution of 800 times of dilution to carry out after sterilization treatment for 20~30 minutes, then is soaked in dilution 10000
Rooting treatment is carried out within 2 hours in GGR taking root liquid basins again, finally by the positive cuttage of cuttage branch to educating for being filled by cutting medium
Miao Chizhong, cuttage 10~12cm of depth, 10~15cm of spacing, after the completion of cuttage, watering makes the cutting medium in nursery pond complete
Moistening；
(5) final-period management：Complete after cuttage work, sprayed water 1 time every 2~3 days in 15 days after inserting, with backsight yellow sand Humid Status
Water spray keeps moisture sufficient in nursery sand basin, and the weeds in cleaning nursery pond in time in good time, and seedling culture transferring is selected after 50~60 days.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) the cutting medium quality composition is as follows：River sand
90%, vermiculite 5%, peat 5%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109699324A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-03 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of blunt leaf banyan |
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| CN103039251A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-17 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Cutting propagation method of leaf-borne jasmine twig |
| CN103814732A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-28 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Blueberry cutting propagation method |
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| CN109699324A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-03 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of blunt leaf banyan |
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Application publication date: 20170725 |