CN106973574A - The modification method in sour regurgitation field - Google Patents
The modification method in sour regurgitation field Download PDFInfo
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- CN106973574A CN106973574A CN201710212895.9A CN201710212895A CN106973574A CN 106973574 A CN106973574 A CN 106973574A CN 201710212895 A CN201710212895 A CN 201710212895A CN 106973574 A CN106973574 A CN 106973574A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to soil improvement recovery technique field, and in particular to a kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field.The modification method in the sour regurgitation field that the present invention is provided, includes water management and the organic improving in sour regurgitation field in sour regurgitation field；The water management in the sour regurgitation field, the pattern of waterflooding reducing condition is in using the whole sour regurgitation field of paddy growth；The step of organic improving in the sour regurgitation field, including applying organic manure, straw-returning and winter kind green manure.The present invention by paddy growth during whole waterflooding, with reference to the cultivation step of supplement organic matter, improve soil plough horizon pH value and Acid buffer capacity energy, toxic metal ions validity is reduced, the biological effectiveness of nutrient is improved, improves soil texture and soil nutrient status, so as to improve Root Growth of Rice environment, be conducive to Root Growth of Rice and Nutrient Absorption, reduce the sour toxic action in sour regurgitation field, improve low-yield land rice yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement recovery technique field, more particularly to a kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field.
Background technology
The agricultural cultivated land resource famine of China, arable land production load is big, and per capita cultivated land only has 0.11 hectare, and is also faced with
The threat such as degeneration, pollution, desertification, " arable land red line " how is protected and ensures that " grain security " is urgently to be resolved hurrily as China
Significant problem.By soil improvement, cultivation step adjusts account, and it is to ensure that national food security is important to improve low yield Paddy Soil Productivity
One of measure.
Sour regurgitation field is distributed across one of main Middle and low productive paddy soils type in Coastal Areas of South China, in China's distribution area about
There are 63397 hectares.Sour regurgitation field is developed in the soil parent material rich in the reproducibility sulfide mineral such as pyrite, and the acid in sour regurgitation field contains
Amount is very high, and its soil pH value is 3.0 or so, and strong acid environment causes the shifting of the toxic metal ions such as Aluminium in Soil, manganese, copper, arsenic
Dynamic property enhancing, and the nutrient such as phosphorus, potassium is fixed by sticking, the reduction of its biological effectiveness, seriously endangers paddy growth.Namely
Say, the principal character in sour regurgitation field is shown as：Acid very strong pH value is relatively low, and element is poisoned rich in iron, aluminium, manganese etc. in soil, and phosphorus contains
Amount is extremely low, and microbial activity is low, and available nutrient content is low.The serious rice field of sour regurgitation, rice shoot tail is in rice transplanting a few hours
Blackening is crimped, is withered death after one day；Lesser extent, rice strain is short and small, and leaf is small and in pale red, and rice biological body is small, production
Amount is low.
The basic reason that sour regurgitation field is formed is in soil soil parent material to be rich in reducible sulfur compound, after it contacts oxygen
Generation oxidation reaction, forms sulfuric acid and secondary trivalent iron mineral, water regime is with can significantly affecting the sulphur of sour regurgitation Tanaka, ferro element
Geochemistry conversion process.
At present, the ameliorative measure in existing sour regurgitation field is mainly：Using the engineering ameliorative measure of trench digging acid discharge, and apply stone
The acid regulation chemical substance such as ash, alkaline residue, soil conditioner.However, draining can be caused by the engineering ameliorative measure for acid discharge of ditching
In acid, content of beary metal exceed secure threshold, further pollution the periphery ecosystem；On the other hand, because of sour regurgitation field acid content
It is very high, and constantly formed, the method cost of the chemical substance such as simple liming, alkaline residue, soil conditioner is high, and for a long time
A large amount of use can also produce the secondary obstacle of soil hardening.Therefore, the modification method in existing sour regurgitation field all exist or it is many or
Few shortcoming, there is certain limitation, and ameliorative measure is single, fails the effective comprehensive processing method for having a kind of science, lacks
Weary systematicness, globality, while lacking clear and definite specific standards.
In consideration of it, special propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, this method uses sour regurgitation field during paddy growth
Whole process is in the pattern of waterflooding reducing condition, and the measure of organic matter is supplemented in combination with good time fertilising, promotes the reduction of sulfate
Reaction, improves soil pH value, improves soil nutrient status, promotes root growth and rice tillering, so as to improve the yield of paddy rice；
Meanwhile, this method is simple to operate, reliable, is easy to management, it is easy to implement.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The present invention provides a kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, including the water management in sour regurgitation field and the organic of sour regurgitation field change
It is good；
The water management in the sour regurgitation field, the pattern of waterflooding reducing condition is in using the whole sour regurgitation field of paddy growth,
Comprise the following steps：
To sour regurgitation field submerging treatment before rice transplanting, shallow water supports seedling after transplanting；
Rice plant of tillering stage drowned rice field, uses intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until water after tillering stage
Rice harvests；
The organic improving in the sour regurgitation field, using the pattern of in good time supplement organic matter, comprises the following steps：
Applying organic manure：Organic fertilizer is applied in native table；
Straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using harvester, the stalk full dose after threshing is crushed and is spread on native table；
Winter kind green manure：Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is sowed before late rice is gathered in, it is before early rice is transplanted that the Chinese milk vetch of plantation is straight
Connect and turn over returning to the field.
Further, in the water management in the sour regurgitation field, before rice transplanting 15~25 days to sour regurgitation field submerging treatment；Move
5~10 days shallow waters support seedling after cultivation, keep 0.8~2cm of water layer height；
Rice tillering early stage drowned rice field, keeps 6~10cm of water layer height；After tillering stage using maintain water layer 1~
10cm intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until rice harves before 8~12 days stop irrigate, fall naturally it is dry,
So that soil moisture content is 40%~60% during harvest；The mode of wherein interval drowned rice field is：More than drowned rice field to table soil 8
During~10cm water layer, stopping is irrigated, when water layer highly drops to below 1cm, again drowned rice field, such iterative cycles.
Further, in the applying organic manure step, 15~25 days before rice transplanting, organic fertilizer is applied in native table,
And mix organic fertilizer and soil, the amount of application of organic fertilizer is 200~300kg/ mus；
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is the refined organic fertilizer or biological organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed completely；
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is the organic fertilizer using husk, charcoal and stalk as composting material.
Further, in the straw-returning step, paddy rice is harvested using full-feeding combine harvester, the height for the stubble left is 8
~15cm, the stalk full dose after threshing, which is crushed, is spread on native table；
Preferably, after straw-returning, 0.5~2kg decomposing agents are applied in every mu of rice field.
Further, in the winter kind green manure step, gathered in first 10~15 days in late rice, Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is uniformly spread
In rice field, transplanted first 20~24 days in early rice and the Chinese milk vetch of plantation is directly turned over into returning to the field；
Preferably, gathered in first 10~15 days in late rice, carry out drought stress, kept water layer 1~2cm of height, then broadcast again
Spread green manure seed；
Preferably, 2~3kg/ mus of the application rate of Chinese milk vetch green manure seed.
Further, include the nutrient management in sour regurgitation field, comprise the following steps：
With fertile acid adjustment：Apply and not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also be used as the calcium magnesium phosphate of acid soil improving agent；
Light letter fertilising：Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, the later stage no longer topdresses；
Nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element and Meso- and micro-nutrients are supplemented,
Applied after being mixed with Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers collectively as base manure.
Further, it is described so that in fertile acid adjustment step, calcium magnesium phosphate is applied while base manure is applied, the calcium magnesium phosphate
Amount of application is 3.0~4.5kg P2O5/ mu.
Further, in the light letter fertilising step, 2~3 days before rice transplanting, after field face is smooth, by Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers one
Secondary property is applied as base manure, and base manure is fully mixed with soil, and the later stage no longer topdresses；
Preferably, in the light letter fertilising step, 0.5~2cm of native epiliminion height is kept；The Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are nitrogen
Plain Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers, 58~60 days 85% nitrogen nutrients of release；
Preferably, in the nutrition regulation step, element silicon is supplemented in the form of siliceous fertilizer, and calcium, magnesium elements are with calcium magnesium phosphate
Form supplement, boron, molybdenum element are supplemented in the form of boric acid and ammonium molybdate；
Preferably, the amount of application of the siliceous fertilizer is 25~35kg/ mus, and the amount of application of the boric acid is 0.5~1kg/ mus, institute
The amount of application for stating ammonium molybdate is 0.05~0.1kg/ mus.
Further, the screening of rice varieties is included, using paddy rice acid resistance and yield level as screening index, screening is suitable
Together in the early Varieties In Late Rice in sour regurgitation field.
Further, the modification method in the sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(a) screening of rice varieties：Using paddy rice acid resistance and yield level as screening index, screening is suitable for sour regurgitation field
Early Varieties In Late Rice；
(b) water management in sour regurgitation field：Paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in waterflooding reducing condition, and according to paddy rice not
Water management adjustment is carried out with breeding time；
(c) organic improving in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(c1) applying organic manure：Organic fertilizer is applied in native table；
(c2) straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using harvester, the stalk full dose after threshing is crushed and is spread on native table；
(c3) winter kind green manure：Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is sowed before late rice is gathered in, by the purple cloud of plantation before early rice is transplanted
English directly turns over returning to the field；
(d) nutrient management in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(d1) with fertile acid adjustment：Apply and not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also be used as the calcium magnesium phosphate of acid soil improving agent；
(d2) light letter fertilising：Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, the later stage no longer topdresses；
(d3) nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while supplementing silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element and middle micronutrient member
Element, is applied after being mixed with Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers collectively as base manure.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, the modification method in the sour regurgitation field of offer of the invention, the sulphur-iron geochemistry formed using sour regurgitation field acid is converted
Mechanism, using paddy growth during whole anaerobism drowned rice field management, prevent the reducible sulfur such as pyrite compound to be oxidized, simultaneously
Promote sulfuric acid and ferric ion in soil to occur reduction reaction, form reducing inorganic sulphur and ferrous ion, the reduction
The hydrogen ion secured in soil is cleared up in reaction, meanwhile, the alkaline matters such as carbonate are produced, the acid for improving soil neutralizes energy
Power, so as to improve the pH value in sour regurgitation field, makes topsoil soils loose.On the other hand, soil moisture saturation state is kept, can be suppressed
The sour water of lower soil is moved up, and prevents " sour regurgitation " from poisoning generation；And then improve root growth environment, promote root growth and paddy rice
Tiller, improves the rice yield in low yield rice soil sour regurgitation field.Meanwhile, this method can also reduce sour regurgitation water in field and exceptionally arrange, and reduce strong
Acid, content of beary metal high sour water pollution surrounding body and the ecosystem, with preferable ecological benefits.
2nd, the present invention is based on organic improving, and is handled and organic improving combination using whole anaerobism drowned rice field,
By applying organic manure, straw-returning, winter kind green manure measure, improve soil organic matter content so that for sulfate reduction it is anti-
Carbon source and electronics should be provided, assist to clear up the hydrogen ion in fixing soil, and improve soil acidic buffering ability, improve soil knot
Structure.
3rd, the present invention uses " with fertile acid adjustment " measure, the calcium magnesium phosphate of application, and both as phosphorus source, there is provided phosphorus, calcium, magnesium nutrition
Element, has concurrently and changes sour effect again, to reduce the administration of the alkali electroless material such as lime, alkaline residue, so that soil texture is avoided damage to,
Effectively keep soil from packing together.In addition, present invention is alternatively directed to sour regurgitation field exist dystrophia problem, supplement silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and
The beneficial elements such as molybdenum, further to improve the nutrition condition of soil, promote paddy growth.
4th, the present invention is disposably applied using Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers progress base manure, simplifies fertilizer application frequency, and reduction sour regurgitation field is worked into
This, it is time saving and energy saving, improve productivity effect.
5th, the invention provides a kind of modification method in scientific and effective comprehensive regulation sour regurgitation field, based on organic improving,
With reference to whole drowned rice field pattern, with preferable systematicness and globality, operation is simple, and management is convenient, it is easy to implement,
Beneficial to popularization, it is possible to increase economic benefit, social benefit and the ecological benefits of the paddy rice in low yield rice soil sour regurgitation field.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly makees detailed
It is described as follows.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and embodiment, but this area skill
Art personnel will be understood that following embodiments and embodiment are merely to illustrate the present invention, and are not construed as the model of the limitation present invention
Enclose.Unreceipted actual conditions person, the condition advised according to normal condition or manufacturer is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted life of instrument
Manufacturer person is produced, is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Change the invention provides a kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, including the water management in sour regurgitation field and the organic of sour regurgitation field
It is good；
The water management in the sour regurgitation field, the pattern of waterflooding reducing condition is in using the whole sour regurgitation field of paddy growth,
Comprise the following steps：
To sour regurgitation field submerging treatment before rice transplanting, shallow water supports seedling after transplanting；
Rice plant of tillering stage drowned rice field, uses intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until water after tillering stage
Rice harvests；
The organic improving in the sour regurgitation field, using the pattern of in good time supplement organic matter, comprises the following steps：
Applying organic manure：Organic fertilizer is applied in native table；
Straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using harvester, the stalk full dose after threshing is crushed and is spread on native table；
Winter kind green manure：Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is sowed before late rice is gathered in, it is before early rice is transplanted that the Chinese milk vetch of plantation is straight
Connect and turn over returning to the field.
In the water management in the sour regurgitation field of the present invention, paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in waterflooding reducing condition, its
In waterflooding reducing condition refer to form reproducibility environment after the waterflooding of sour regurgitation field, waterflooding causes soil and air exclusion, with soil
Oxygen is reduced in middle microbial metabolism, soil, and oxidation-reduction potential declines, and in inundating process, organic matter is main reduzate
Matter is there is provided a large amount of electronics, and many oxide matter receives electronics generation reduction reaction after waterflooding, causes under oxidation-reduction potential
Drop.Under waterflooding reducing condition, sulfuric acid and ferric iron in soil can be made to be reduced to form reducible sulfur compound again, caused
Soil pH value is raised.
The present invention the organic improving for turning sour field in, using in good time supplement organic matter by the way of, by applying organic manure,
The measure of straw-returning, winter kind green manure, can improve soil organic matter content, occur for the rice field under waterflooding reducing condition
Sulfate reduction further provide for carbon source and electronics, assist to clear up the hydrogen ion in fixing soil, improve soil plough horizon
PH value and Acid buffer capacity energy, improve soil texture；And then root growth and rice tillering can be promoted, reduce sour regurgitation field acid poison
Evil effect, improves the yield of paddy rice.
The moisture and nutrient in the sour regurgitation field that the present invention passes through optimization couple the technology of management, are filled to play whole waterflooding reduction
Irrigate the synergy with supplementing organic matter in good time so that its paddy rice with low yield rice soil sour regurgitation field is to moisture and Nutrient Absorption profit
With matching, and then effectively raise the yield of low-yield paddy field paddy rice, while the utilization ratio of moisture and organic matter is improved,
With easy to operate, cost is low, the big advantage of potentiality.
As a kind of optional embodiment, in the water management in the sour regurgitation field, before rice transplanting 15~25 days to anti-
Sour field submerging treatment；5~10 days shallow waters support seedling after transplanting, keep 0.8~2cm of water layer height；
Rice tillering early stage drowned rice field, keeps 6~10cm of water layer height；After tillering stage using maintain water layer 1~
10cm intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until rice harves before 8~12 days stop irrigate, fall naturally it is dry,
So that soil moisture content is 40%~60% during harvest；The mode of wherein interval drowned rice field is：More than drowned rice field to table soil 8
During~10cm water layer, stopping is irrigated, when water layer highly drops to below 1cm, again drowned rice field, such iterative cycles.
The water management in the sour regurgitation field of the present invention, to keep sour regurgitation field to be constantly in reduction waterflooding state as target, according to
Paddy rice different growing carries out appropriate water management adjustment, particularly with the paddy rice after tillering stage is according to its water-requiring property and wants
Ask, using the irrigation method of batch (-type), better environment is created in the not growth of only paddy rice, it is ensured that soil compares knot during harvest
It is real, and sour regurgitation field is also remain in waterflooding reducing condition, and then reached the effect of water saving and high yield.
Wherein, before rice transplanting 15~25 days to sour regurgitation field submerging treatment；Preferably, transplant first 18~22 days and carry out waterflooding
Processing；Submerging treatment is carried out it is further preferred that transplanting first 21 days；
5~10 days shallow waters support seedling after transplanting；Preferably, 6~8 days shallow waters support seedling after transplanting；It is further preferred that after transplanting
Shallow water supports seedling within 7 days；And keep water layer highly be 0.8~2cm, for example, 0.8cm, 0.9cm, 1cm, 1.1cm, 1.2cm, 1.3cm,
1.4cm, 1.5cm, 1.6cm, 1.8cm or 2cm.
Rice tillering early stage, keeps water layer 6~10cm of height, for example, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm or 10cm；
After tillering stage, maintain water layer between 1~10cm, for example, 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm,
9cm or 10cm.
Stop irrigating within 8~12 days before rice harves；Preferably, stop irrigating within 9~11 days before rice harves；Further preferably
Ground, stops irrigating for 10 days before rice harves；
Soil moisture content is 40%~60% during harvest, and such as moisture content is 40%, 45%, 50%, 55% or 60%.
As a kind of optional embodiment, in the applying organic manure step, 15~25 days before rice transplanting, by organic fertilizer
Apply in native table, and organic fertilizer and soil are mixed, the amount of application of organic fertilizer is 200~300kg/ mus；
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is the refined organic fertilizer or biological organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed completely；
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is the organic fertilizer using husk, charcoal and stalk as composting material.
Soil organic matter content can be improved by applying organic manure, be engaged with waterflooding reduction, be that sulfate reduction is anti-
Carbon source and electronics should be provided, assist to clear up the hydrogen ion in fixing soil, improve soil acidic buffering ability, improve soil texture.
Applying organic manure is implemented before rice transplanting is poured water, can while drowned rice field applying organic manure；Alternatively,
Transplant preceding 15~25 days applying organic manures, it is preferable that transplant preceding 18~22 days applying organic manures；It is further preferred that before transplanting
21 days applying organic manures.
The typical but non-limiting amount of amount of application of organic fertilizer is, for example, 200kg/ mus, 210kg/ mus, 220kg/ mus,
230kg/ mus, 240kg/ mus, 250kg/ mus, 260kg/ mus, 270kg/ mus, 280kg/ mus, 290kg/ mus or 300kg/ mus.
As a kind of optional embodiment, in the straw-returning step, water is harvested using full-feeding combine harvester
Rice, the height for the stubble left is 8~15cm, and the stalk full dose after threshing, which is crushed, is spread on native table；
Preferably, after straw-returning, 0.5~2kg decomposing agents are applied in every mu of rice field.
By the measure of straw-returning, soil organic matter content is can further improve, improves soil texture, while by applying
Plus decomposing agent can promote straw decomposing, Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility, volume increase, synergy are improved.
The typical but non-limiting height of the height for the stubble left be, for example, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm or
15cm。
Every mu of rice field apply decomposing agent it is typical but non-limiting measure for example, 0.5kg, 0.6kg, 0.8kg, 1kg,
1.2kg, 1.5kg, 1.8kg or 2kg.
As a kind of optional embodiment, in the winter kind green manure step, gathered in first 10~15 days in late rice, by Chinese milk vetch
Green manure seed is uniformly sprinkling upon in rice field, is transplanted first 20~24 days in early rice the Chinese milk vetch of plantation directly turning over returning to the field；
Preferably, gathered in first 10~15 days in late rice, carry out drought stress, kept water layer 1~2cm of height, then broadcast again
Spread green manure seed；
Preferably, 2~3kg/ mus of the application rate of Chinese milk vetch green manure seed.
It is further preferred that being gathered in first 10~15 days in late rice, appropriate drought stress is carried out, Soil surface water layer height 1 is kept
Chinese milk vetch green manure seed, is then uniformly sprinkling upon in rice field by~2cm, and seed is all trickled down native table as far as possible, and application rate 2~
3kg/ mus, the Chinese milk vetch of plantation is directly turned over returning to the field in first 21~23 days by then early rice transplanting.
Chinese milk vetch green manure is containing organic matter very abundant fertilizer, is improved soil, " competent assistant " that fosters and apply fertilizer on the spot.It is purple
Cloud English green manure is in addition to nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium nutrition are higher, and also containing other abundant organic matters, and the content of organic matter is high, can make
Obtain soil fertility level high, soil fertility yield is high.Can improved soil nodule structure, increase soil buffer action in rice field winter kind Chinese milk vetch green manure
Can, can also make loosing soil, reach easily cultivate, the effect in stable high yield rice field.
By winter kind green manure, and coordinate the measure of applying organic manure and straw-returning, the soil organism can be effectively improved and contained
Amount, gives full play to the effect of organic improving, reduces noxious material in soil, improves soil texture, raises labour efficiency simultaneously.
As a kind of optional embodiment, include the nutrient management in sour regurgitation field, comprise the following steps：
With fertile acid adjustment：Apply and not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also be used as the calcium magnesium phosphate of acid soil improving agent；
Light letter fertilising：Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, the later stage no longer topdresses；
Nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element and Meso- and micro-nutrients are supplemented,
Applied after being mixed with Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers collectively as base manure.
It is described so that in fertile acid adjustment step, calcium magnesium phosphate is applied while base manure is applied as a kind of optional embodiment,
The amount of application of the calcium magnesium phosphate is 3.0~4.5kg P2O5/ mu.
The present invention can provide phosphorus, calcium, magnesium nutrition based on calcium magnesium phosphate, have concurrently again and change sour effect, using calcium magnesium phosphate as
The phosphate fertilizer raw material of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is administered, and realizes the purpose " with fertile acid adjustment "；The alkali electroless such as lime, alkaline residue are reduced simultaneously
The administration of material, it is to avoid destruction soil texture, effectively keeps soil from packing together.
The typical but non-limiting amount of amount of application of calcium magnesium phosphate is, for example, 3.0kg P2O5/ mu, 3.2kg P2O5/ mu,
3.5kg P2O5/ mu, 3.8kg P2O5/ mu, 4.0kg P2O5/ mu, 4.2kg P2O5/ mu or 4.5kg P2O5/ mu.
As a kind of optional embodiment, it is described it is light letter fertilising step in, 2~3 days before rice transplanting, field face it is smooth it
Afterwards, Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, and base manure is fully mixed with soil, the later stage no longer topdresses；
Preferably, in the light letter fertilising step, 0.5~2cm of native epiliminion height is kept；
Preferably, the Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are nitrogen Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers, 58~60 days 85% nitrogen nutrients of release.
It is further preferred that 2 days before rice transplanting, after field face is smooth, and 0.8~1.5cm of native epiliminion height is kept,
Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers disposably do to base manure application, 85% nitrogen slow/controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer, and using the Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers of 60 days acquisition times as
It is good, then drag a waddy or plank to walk 2~3 back and forth along rice field with tractor again, fertilizer is fully mixed with soil, the later stage is not
Topdress again.
The present invention disposably does Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers base manure application, simplifies fertilizer application frequency, it is possible to decrease sour regurgitation field labour cost,
Improve sour regurgitation field productivity effect.
In light letter fertilising step, the highly typical but non-limiting height of native epiliminion be, for example, 0.5cm, 0.6cm,
0.7cm, 0.8cm, 0.9cm, 1cm, 1.1cm, 1.2cm, 1.4cm, 1.5cm, 1.6cm, 1.8cm or 2cm.
As a kind of optional embodiment, in the nutrition regulation step, element silicon is supplemented in the form of siliceous fertilizer, calcium, magnesium
Element is supplemented in the form of calcium magnesium phosphate, and boron, molybdenum element are supplemented in the form of boric acid and ammonium molybdate；
Preferably, the amount of application of the siliceous fertilizer is 25~35kg/ mus, and the amount of application of the boric acid is 0.5~1kg/ mus, institute
The amount of application for stating ammonium molybdate is 0.05~0.1kg/ mus.
, can be by Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers, calcium magnesium phosphate, siliceous fertilizer, boric acid and ammonium molybdate simultaneously before rice transplanting in the present invention
Apply, to alleviate the dystrophia of sour regurgitation field presence, improve soil nutrient status, promote root growth and rice tillering.
The typical but non-limiting amount of amount of application of siliceous fertilizer is, for example, 20kg/ mus, 25kg/ mus, 28kg/ mus, 30kg/ mus,
32kg/ mus or 35kg/ mus.
The typical but non-limiting amount of amount of application of boric acid is, for example, 0.5kg/ mus, 0.6kg/ mus, 0.7kg/ mus, 0.8kg/
Mu, 0.9kg/ mus or 1kg/ mus.
The typical but non-limiting amount of amount of application of ammonium molybdate is, for example, 0.05kg/ mus, 0.06kg/ mus, 0.07kg/ mus,
0.08kg/ mus, 0.09kg/ mus or 0.1kg/ mus.
As the screening of a kind of optional embodiment, in addition to rice varieties, using paddy rice acid resistance and yield level as
Screening index, screening is suitable for the early Varieties In Late Rice in sour regurgitation field.
Preferably, the kind that transplanted rice seedlings to the master of collection carries out acid resistance comparison, and integrated survey difference rice varieties are in strong acid
Property sour regurgitation field and improvement after the growth in sour regurgitation field, tiller, yield performance, integrated survey difference rice varieties do harm to sour regurgitation field to strong acid
With the response in sour regurgitation field after improvement.
By screening acid resistance rice varieties, the biological stress of paddy rice in itself is given full play to, paddy rice production is further improved
Amount.
As a kind of optional embodiment, the modification method in the sour regurgitation field comprises the following steps：
(a) screening of rice varieties：Using paddy rice acid resistance and yield level as screening index, screening is suitable for sour regurgitation field
Early Varieties In Late Rice；
(b) water management in sour regurgitation field：Paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in waterflooding reducing condition, and according to paddy rice not
Water management adjustment is carried out with breeding time；
(c) organic improving in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(c1) applying organic manure：Organic fertilizer is applied in native table；
(c2) straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using harvester, the stalk full dose after threshing is crushed and is spread on native table；
(c3) winter kind green manure：Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is sowed before late rice is gathered in, by the purple cloud of plantation before early rice is transplanted
English directly turns over returning to the field；
(d) nutrient management in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(d1) with fertile acid adjustment：Apply and not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also be used as the calcium magnesium phosphate of acid soil improving agent；
(d2) light letter fertilising：Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, the later stage no longer topdresses；
(d3) nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while supplementing silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element and middle micronutrient member
Element, is applied after being mixed with Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers collectively as base manure.
Sulphur-iron geochemistry that the present invention is formed using sour regurgitation field acid is shifted to new management mechanisms, using paddy growth during whole process flood
Water, with reference to measures such as supplement organic matters, promotes sulfate reduction, improves soil pH value and Acid buffer capacity energy, reduce poisonous
Metal ion validity, improves soil nutrient status, improves the biological effectiveness of nutrient, and topsoil soils are loose, improves water
Rice root growth environment, the sour toxic action in sour regurgitation field is reduced, and then improves the rice yield in low yield rice soil sour regurgitation field.Together
When, this method has simple to operate, is easy to management, it is easy to implement, labour cost is low, productivity effect is high, economic benefit and ecology
Profitable advantage.
With reference to specific embodiment, experimental example, comparative example and effect example, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(a) water management in sour regurgitation field：Paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in 21 before waterflooding reducing condition, rice transplanting
It is to sour regurgitation field submerging treatment；7 days shallow waters support seedling after transplanting, keep water layer height 1cm；
Rice tillering early stage drowned rice field, keeps water layer height 6cm；Using maintenance water layer 1~10cm's after tillering stage
Intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until 10 days before rice harves stop irrigating, fall dry so that harvest naturally
When soil moisture content 50%；The mode of wherein interval drowned rice field is：Drowned rice field to the native above 10cm of table water layer when, stop
Only irrigate, when water layer highly drops to below 1cm, drowned rice field, such iterative cycles again.
(b) organic improving in sour regurgitation field：Using the pattern of in good time supplement organic matter, comprise the following steps：
(b1) applying organic manure：21 days before rice transplanting, organic fertilizer is applied in native table, and organic fertilizer is mixed with soil
Even, the amount of application of organic fertilizer is 200kg/ mus；Wherein, organic fertilizer is having using husk, charcoal and stalk as composting material
Machine fertilizer.
(b2) straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using full-feeding combine harvester, the height for the stubble left is 10cm, the straw after threshing
Stalk full dose is crushed and is spread on native table；After straw-returning, 1kg decomposing agents are applied in every mu of rice field.
(b3) winter kind green manure：Gathered in first 10 days in late rice, carry out appropriate drought stress, keep Soil surface water layer height 1cm, so
Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is uniformly sprinkling upon in rice field afterwards, and seed is all trickled down native table as far as possible, 2kg/ mus of application rate, then
Early rice is transplanted and the Chinese milk vetch of plantation was directly turned over into returning to the field in first 21 days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(a) water management in sour regurgitation field：Paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in 21 before waterflooding reducing condition, rice transplanting
It is to sour regurgitation field submerging treatment；7 days shallow waters support seedling after transplanting, keep water layer height 1.5cm；
Rice tillering early stage drowned rice field, keeps water layer height 8cm；After tillering stage using maintenance water layer between 1~8cm
Have a rest irrigation method, alternately waterflooding and control water, until 10 days before rice harves stop irrigating, falls dry so that during harvest naturally
Soil moisture content is 55%；The mode of wherein interval drowned rice field is：Drowned rice field to the native above 8cm of table water layer when, stop
Irrigate, when water layer highly drops to below 1cm, drowned rice field, such iterative cycles again.
(b) organic improving in sour regurgitation field：Using the pattern of in good time supplement organic matter, comprise the following steps：
(b1) applying organic manure：21 days before rice transplanting, organic fertilizer is applied in native table, and organic fertilizer is mixed with soil
Even, the amount of application of organic fertilizer is 300kg/ mus；Wherein, organic fertilizer is having using husk, charcoal and stalk as composting material
Machine fertilizer.
(b2) straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using full-feeding combine harvester, the height for the stubble left is 12cm, the straw after threshing
Stalk full dose is crushed and is spread on native table；After straw-returning, 1.5kg decomposing agents are applied in every mu of rice field.
(b3) winter kind green manure：Gathered in first 15 days in late rice, carry out appropriate drought stress, keep Soil surface water layer height 2cm, so
Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is uniformly sprinkling upon in rice field afterwards, and seed is all trickled down native table as far as possible, 3kg/ mus of application rate, then
Early rice is transplanted and the Chinese milk vetch of plantation was directly turned over into returning to the field in first 20 days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(a) screening of rice varieties：Using paddy rice acid resistance and yield level as screening index, screening is suitable for sour regurgitation field
Early Varieties In Late Rice；Specifically, the kind that transplanted rice seedlings to the master of collection carries out acid resistance comparison, and integrated survey difference rice varieties exist
Growth, tiller, the yield performance in sour regurgitation field behind highly acid sour regurgitation field and improvement, integrated survey difference rice varieties do harm to anti-to strong acid
The response in sour regurgitation field behind sour field and improvement；
(b) water management in sour regurgitation field：Paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in 21 before waterflooding reducing condition, rice transplanting
It is to sour regurgitation field submerging treatment；7 days shallow waters support seedling after transplanting, keep water layer height 1cm；
Rice tillering early stage drowned rice field, keeps water layer height 6cm；Using maintenance water layer 1~10cm's after tillering stage
Intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until 10 days before rice harves stop irrigating, fall dry so that harvest naturally
When soil moisture content 50%；The mode of wherein interval drowned rice field is：Drowned rice field to the native above 10cm of table water layer when, stop
Only irrigate, when water layer highly drops to below 1cm, drowned rice field, such iterative cycles again.
(c) organic improving in sour regurgitation field：Comprise the following steps：
(c1) applying organic manure：21 days before rice transplanting, organic fertilizer is applied in native table, and organic fertilizer is mixed with soil
Even, the amount of application of organic fertilizer is 200kg/ mus；Wherein, organic fertilizer is having using husk, charcoal and stalk as composting material
Machine fertilizer.
(c2) straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using full-feeding combine harvester, the height for the stubble left is 10cm, the straw after threshing
Stalk full dose is crushed and is spread on native table；After straw-returning, 1kg decomposing agents are applied in every mu of rice field.
(c3) winter kind green manure：Gathered in first 10 days in late rice, carry out appropriate drought stress, keep Soil surface water layer height 1cm, so
Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is uniformly sprinkling upon in rice field afterwards, and seed is all trickled down native table as far as possible, 2kg/ mus of application rate, then
Early rice is transplanted and the Chinese milk vetch of plantation was directly turned over into returning to the field in first 21 days.
(d) nutrient management in sour regurgitation field：Comprise the following steps：
(d1) with fertile acid adjustment：Apply base manure while apply calcium magnesium phosphate, its calcium magnesium phosphate not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also
As acid soil improving agent, the amount of application of calcium magnesium phosphate is 3.0kg P2O5/ mu.
(d2) light letter fertilising：2 days before rice transplanting, after field face is smooth, and native epiliminion height 1cm is kept, by slow/control
Release fertilizer and disposably do base manure application, then nitrogen slow/controlled release, 60 days 85% nitrogen nutrients of release drag a waddy with tractor again
Or plank walks 2 back and forth along rice field, fertilizer is fully mixed with soil, the later stage no longer topdresses.
(d3) nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while supplementing silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element, mixed with Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers
Applied afterwards collectively as base manure.Wherein, element silicon is supplemented in the form of siliceous fertilizer, and amount of application is 30kg/ mus；Calcium, magnesium elements are with calcium
The form supplement of magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer；Boron, molybdenum element are supplemented in the form of boric acid and ammonium molybdate, amount of application be respectively 0.5kg/ mus and
0.05kg/ mus.
Embodiment 4
A kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(a) screening of rice varieties：Using paddy rice acid resistance and yield level as screening index, screening is suitable for sour regurgitation field
Early Varieties In Late Rice；Specifically, the kind that transplanted rice seedlings to the master of collection carries out acid resistance comparison, and integrated survey difference rice varieties exist
Growth, tiller, the yield performance in sour regurgitation field behind highly acid sour regurgitation field and improvement, integrated survey difference rice varieties do harm to anti-to strong acid
The response in sour regurgitation field behind sour field and improvement；
(b) water management in sour regurgitation field：Paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in 21 before waterflooding reducing condition, rice transplanting
It is to sour regurgitation field submerging treatment；7 days shallow waters support seedling after transplanting, keep water layer height 0.8cm；
Rice tillering early stage drowned rice field, keeps water layer height 7cm；After tillering stage using maintenance water layer between 1~8cm
Have a rest irrigation method, alternately waterflooding and control water, until 10 days before rice harves stop irrigating, falls dry so that during harvest naturally
Soil moisture content is 45%；The mode of wherein interval drowned rice field is：Drowned rice field to the native above 8cm of table water layer when, stop
Irrigate, when water layer highly drops to below 1cm, drowned rice field, such iterative cycles again.
(c) organic improving in sour regurgitation field：Comprise the following steps：
(c1) applying organic manure：21 days before rice transplanting, organic fertilizer is applied in native table, and organic fertilizer is mixed with soil
Even, the amount of application of organic fertilizer is 250kg/ mus；Wherein, organic fertilizer is having using husk, charcoal and stalk as composting material
Machine fertilizer.
(c2) straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using full-feeding combine harvester, the height for the stubble left is 12cm, the straw after threshing
Stalk full dose is crushed and is spread on native table；After straw-returning, 1.5kg decomposing agents are applied in every mu of rice field.
(c3) winter kind green manure：Gathered in first 15 days in late rice, carry out appropriate drought stress, keep Soil surface water layer height 2cm, so
Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is uniformly sprinkling upon in rice field afterwards, and seed is all trickled down native table as far as possible, 3kg/ mus of application rate, then
Early rice is transplanted and the Chinese milk vetch of plantation was directly turned over into returning to the field in first 21 days.
(d) nutrient management in sour regurgitation field：Comprise the following steps：
(d1) with fertile acid adjustment：Apply base manure while apply calcium magnesium phosphate, its calcium magnesium phosphate not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also
As acid soil improving agent, the amount of application of calcium magnesium phosphate is 4.0kg P2O5/ mu.
(d2) light letter fertilising：2 days before rice transplanting, after field face is smooth, and native epiliminion height 0.8cm is kept, will delay/
Controlled Release Fertilizer disposably does base manure application, and then nitrogen slow/controlled release, 60 days 85% nitrogen nutrients of release drag a wood with tractor again
Rod or plank walk 2 back and forth along rice field, fertilizer are fully mixed with soil, the later stage no longer topdresses.
(d3) nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while supplementing silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element, mixed with Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers
Applied afterwards collectively as base manure.Wherein, element silicon is supplemented in the form of siliceous fertilizer, and amount of application is 35kg/ mus；Calcium, magnesium elements are with calcium
The form supplement of magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer；Boron, molybdenum element are supplemented in the form of boric acid and ammonium molybdate, amount of application be respectively 0.8kg/ mus and
0.07kg/ mus.
Embodiment 5
As different from Example 3, the amount of application of calcium magnesium phosphate, remaining is same as Example 3.
In the present embodiment, the amount of application of calcium magnesium phosphate is 4.5kg P2O5/ mu.
Experimental example 1
By the modification method in the sour regurgitation field described in embodiment 3, investigate different rice varieties and sour regurgitation field is done harm to strong acid and is changed
The response in good rear sour regurgitation field.Concrete operations are：
The screening that the wider conventional rice kind of 7 South China's cultivated areas carries out acid resistance kind is chosen, is investigated
Showed on the soil of sour regurgitation field by the growth of different rice varieties before and after the modification method described in embodiment 3, it is acidproof to obtain its
Property result.Wherein, selected rice varieties are：Beautiful sesame oil is accounted for, platform show is accounted for, Yuejingsimiao 2, close it is rich account for, it is yellow it is soft account for, Guangdong it is comprehensive
Account for and Guangdong Hua Simiao.
Observe growth, the Tiller characteristics of each rice varieties, and the yield performance of each rice varieties of analytic statistics.
Test result indicates that：In 7 kinds of rice varieties of the above, tillering ability it is stronger it is yellow it is soft account for, platform show is accounted for, Guangdong is comprehensive accounts for kind,
It is significantly increased, is embodied in mid-term tiller：Soil improvement post processing is 25~30 days after transplanting, and before soil improvement
It is processed as after transplanting 30~35 days；And soil improvement post processing tiller peak value reaches 10.4~11.9 stems/strain, and soil improvement
Pre-treatment tiller peak value is only then 4.5~8.8 stems/strain.Then tillering ability is slightly weak for other kinds, or improvement before and after it is unobvious.
It was found from yield performance, number of productive ear and fringe bear fruit grains before improvement with being significantly increased after soil improvement.Soil changes
After good, what Rice Panicle bear fruit grains were significantly improved be it is yellow it is soft account for, Guangdong it is comprehensive account for Guangdong Hua Simiao kinds, before its yield is compared with soil improvement
268.5%, 172.8% and 142.5% is added respectively.And other kinds then grow more preferably in the case where soil is improved conditions.
Comprehensive Experiment result shows：Beautiful sesame oil is accounted for, platform show is accounted for, Yuejingsimiao 2 and rich account for of conjunction belong to acid resistance kind,
Growing state is relatively more preferably under the non-improved conditions of soil；And it is yellow it is soft account for, Guangdong is comprehensive accounts for and Guangdong Hua Simiao belongs to sensitivity to acid kind, warp
Soil after embodiment 3 is improved can make it obtain higher effect of increasing production.
Comparative example 1
That same as Example 3 is step (a), (b) and (d), and the step (c) different from embodiment 3,1 pair of comparative example is anti-
Sour field carries out not fertilizer treatment, and comparative example 1 does not include organic improvement steps.
Comparative example 2
That same as Example 3 is step (a), (b) and (d), and the step (c) different from embodiment 3,2 pairs of comparative example is anti-
Sour field carries out conventional fertilizer application processing (NPK).
Fertilizer variety is respectively urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride, and azophoska is applied according to conventional fertilizer application mode and routine
Consumption is applied.
Comparative example 3
That same as Example 3 is step (a), (b) and (d), and the step (c) different from embodiment 3,3 pairs of comparative example is anti-
Sour field carries out conventional fertilizer application processing (NPK)+lime, and wherein lime is calcium hydroxide.
Fertilizer variety is respectively urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride, and azophoska and lime are in a conventional manner and conventional
Amount of application is applied.
Comparative example 4
That same as Example 3 is step (a), (c) and (d), and the step (b) different from embodiment 3,4 pairs of comparative example is anti-
The water management in sour field uses common aqueous management mode.
That is, comparative example 4 does not use sour regurgitation field whole process to be in the pattern of waterflooding reducing condition, and uses conventional irrigation method
Carry out water management.
Effect example 1
1st, test site：
The sour regurgitation field in Taishan City of Guangdong Province Chong Lou towns Ba Jia villages, soil pH value is 3.3, and organic matter and nitrogen content are abundant, and
Available phosphorus contents are relatively low, and the arable layer physicochemical character in sour regurgitation field is as shown in table 1.
The arable layer physicochemical character in the sour regurgitation field of table 1
2nd, test method：
Be respectively adopted the modification method in the sour regurgitation field described in embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4 to above-mentioned sour regurgitation field at
Reason, observes paddy growth situation, and carry out statistic record to soil pH value and rice grain yield in the rice harves phase.
3rd, result of the test：
Embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4 is to sour regurgitation field soil pH value and the influence result of rice grain yield, such as the institute of table 2
Show.
The influence of the embodiment 1-5 of table 2 and comparative example 1-4 to sour regurgitation field soil pH value and rice grain yield
From table 2 it can be seen that the modification method in the sour regurgitation field using the present invention, results in preferable improved effect, no
Soil pH value is only significantly improved, and rice grain yield is high, concretely：
Implementation 1 and embodiment 2 are based on organic improving, and the whole sour regurgitation field of combination paddy growth is in waterflooding also original state
The mode of state, improves the pH value and acid neutralization capacity of soil, and then improve rice grain yield.
Embodiment 1,2 is compared with embodiment 3, and embodiment 3 adds the nutrient management step in sour regurgitation field, that is, adds with fertilizer
The step of acid adjustment, light letter fertilising and nutrition regulation so that the improved effect of embodiment 3 is better than in Examples 1 and 2, the acid of soil
Increase, thus illustrate by with steps such as fertile acid adjustment, nutrition regulations with ability and rice grain yield, can be further
The factors such as the dystrophia that sour regurgitation field is present are corrected, improve soil nutrient status, Root Growth of Rice is more conducive to and nutrient is inhaled
Receive, reduce the sour toxic action in sour regurgitation field, improve rice yield.
Embodiment 3 is compared with embodiment 4,5, and the operating parameter in each operating procedure is slightly different, organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate
It is optimum to obtain by the adjustment of the operating parameter of each embodiment and the applied amount of each nutrient etc. is different
Operating parameter, improves improved effect, and then reduces production cost, obtains more preferable productivity effect.Wherein embodiment 5 is organic
The applied amounts such as fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate are higher than embodiment 3 and 4, its rice grain yield also highest.
Compared with Example 3, in the organic improving in sour regurgitation field, using the processing mode do not applied fertilizer, it is to anti-for comparative example 1
The improved effect in sour field is significantly worse than embodiment 3, and soil pH value and rice grain yield are relatively low.
Comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 compared with Example 3, in the organic improving in sour regurgitation field, be respectively adopted conventional fertilizer application with
And the processing mode of conventional fertilizer application+lime, both treatment effects are slightly better than comparative example 1, but also not up to use embodiment 3
Treatment effect.Thus illustrate, using the pattern of the organic improving of the present invention, result in more preferable improved effect, played
Effect reduces the sour toxic action in sour regurgitation field.
Comparative example 4 compared with Example 3, in the water management in sour regurgitation field, employs common irrigation method, not used
The mode of whole waterflooding during paddy growth so that soil pH value and rice grain yield are relatively low；This kind of mode is for improving
The acid neutralization capacity effect of soil is not obvious, fails effectively to prevent the generation that " sour regurgitation " is poisoned.
Thus illustrate, the technology that the water management in the sour regurgitation field that the present invention passes through optimization and organic improving are coupled, to play
The synergy with supplement organic matter in good time is irrigated in whole waterflooding reduction, improves soil plough horizon pH value and Acid buffer capacity energy, reduction
Toxic metal ions validity, improves the biological effectiveness of nutrient, improves soil texture, so as to improve Root Growth of Rice
Environment, the effective yield for improving low-yield paddy field paddy rice, with easy to operate, cost is low, the big advantage of potentiality.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of modification method in sour regurgitation field, it is characterised in that the organic improving of water management and sour regurgitation field including sour regurgitation field；
The water management in the sour regurgitation field, the pattern of waterflooding reducing condition is in using the whole sour regurgitation field of paddy growth, including
Following steps：
To sour regurgitation field submerging treatment before rice transplanting, shallow water supports seedling after transplanting；
Rice plant of tillering stage drowned rice field, uses intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until paddy rice is received after tillering stage
Obtain；
The organic improving in the sour regurgitation field, using the pattern of in good time supplement organic matter, comprises the following steps：
Applying organic manure：Organic fertilizer is applied in native table；
Straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using harvester, the stalk full dose after threshing is crushed and is spread on native table；
Winter kind green manure：Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is sowed before late rice is gathered in, directly turns over the Chinese milk vetch of plantation before early rice is transplanted
Plough returning to the field.
2. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water management in the sour regurgitation field
In, before rice transplanting 15~25 days to sour regurgitation field submerging treatment；The foster seedling of 5~10 days shallow waters after transplanting, holding water layer height 0.8~
2cm；
Rice tillering early stage drowned rice field, keeps 6~10cm of water layer height；Using maintenance water layer 1~10cm's after tillering stage
Intermittent irrigation mode, alternately waterflooding and control water, until 8~12 days before rice harves stop irrigating, fall dry so that receive naturally
Soil moisture content is 40%~60% when obtaining；The mode of wherein interval drowned rice field is：More than drowned rice field to table soil 8~10cm
Water layer when, stop irrigating, when water layer highly drops to below 1cm, drowned rice field, such iterative cycles again.
3. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the applying organic manure step,
15~25 days before rice transplanting, organic fertilizer is applied in native table, and organic fertilizer and soil are mixed, the amount of application of organic fertilizer is
200~300kg/ mus；
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is the refined organic fertilizer or biological organic fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed completely；
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is the organic fertilizer using husk, charcoal and stalk as composting material.
4. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the straw-returning step, is used
Full-feeding combine harvester harvests paddy rice, and the height for the stubble left is 8~15cm, and the stalk full dose after threshing, which is crushed, is spread on native table；
Preferably, after straw-returning, 0.5~2kg decomposing agents are applied in every mu of rice field.
5. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the winter kind green manure step, in evening
Rice is gathered in first 10~15 days, and Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is uniformly sprinkling upon in rice field, and first 20~24 days are transplanted by plantation in early rice
Chinese milk vetch directly turns over returning to the field；
Preferably, gathered in first 10~15 days in late rice, carry out drought stress, kept water layer 1~2cm of height, then sow again green
Fertile seed；
Preferably, 2~3kg/ mus of the application rate of Chinese milk vetch green manure seed.
6. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include the nutrient management in sour regurgitation field,
Comprise the following steps：
With fertile acid adjustment：Apply and not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also be used as the calcium magnesium phosphate of acid soil improving agent；
Light letter fertilising：Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, the later stage no longer topdresses；
Nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while supplement silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element and Meso- and micro-nutrients, with it is slow/
Controlled Release Fertilizer is applied after mixing collectively as base manure.
7. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described in fertile acid adjustment step, to apply
Plus applying calcium magnesium phosphate while base manure, the amount of application of the calcium magnesium phosphate is 3.0~4.5kgP2O5/ mu.
8. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the light letter fertilising step, paddy rice
Transplant first 2~3 days, after field face is smooth, Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, and base manure and soil are fully mixed
Even, the later stage no longer topdresses；
Preferably, in the light letter fertilising step, 0.5~2cm of native epiliminion height is kept；The Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers be nitrogen it is slow/
Controlled Release Fertilizer, 58~60 days 85% nitrogen nutrients of release；
Preferably, in the nutrition regulation step, element silicon is supplemented in the form of siliceous fertilizer, and calcium, magnesium elements are with the shape of calcium magnesium phosphate
Formula is supplemented, and boron, molybdenum element are supplemented in the form of boric acid and ammonium molybdate；
Preferably, the amount of application of the siliceous fertilizer is 25~35kg/ mus, and the amount of application of the boric acid is 0.5~1kg/ mus, the molybdenum
The amount of application of sour ammonium is 0.05~0.1kg/ mus.
9. the modification method in sour regurgitation field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the also screening including rice varieties, with
Paddy rice acid resistance and yield level are as screening index, and screening is suitable for the early Varieties In Late Rice in sour regurgitation field.
10. the modification method in the sour regurgitation field according to claim any one of 1-9, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(a) screening of rice varieties：Using paddy rice acid resistance and yield level as screening index, screening is suitable for the morning in sour regurgitation field
Varieties In Late Rice；
(b) water management in sour regurgitation field：Paddy growth whole process sour regurgitation field is in waterflooding reducing condition, and raw according to paddy rice difference
Educate phase progress water management adjustment；
(c) organic improving in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(c1) applying organic manure：Organic fertilizer is applied in native table；
(c2) straw-returning：Paddy rice is harvested using harvester, the stalk full dose after threshing is crushed and is spread on native table；
(c3) winter kind green manure：Chinese milk vetch green manure seed is sowed before late rice is gathered in, it is before early rice is transplanted that the Chinese milk vetch of plantation is straight
Connect and turn over returning to the field；
(d) nutrient management in sour regurgitation field, comprises the following steps：
(d1) with fertile acid adjustment：Apply and not only as phosphate fertilizer raw material but also be used as the calcium magnesium phosphate of acid soil improving agent；
(d2) light letter fertilising：Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers are disposably applied as base manure, the later stage no longer topdresses；
(d3) nutrition regulation：During basal dressing, while silicon, calcium, magnesium, boron and molybdenum beneficial element and Meso- and micro-nutrients are supplemented,
Applied after being mixed with Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers collectively as base manure.
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