CN106968752A - A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system - Google Patents

A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106968752A
CN106968752A CN201710185205.5A CN201710185205A CN106968752A CN 106968752 A CN106968752 A CN 106968752A CN 201710185205 A CN201710185205 A CN 201710185205A CN 106968752 A CN106968752 A CN 106968752A
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China
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valve
cam
hydraulic
adjustments
bar
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CN201710185205.5A
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CN106968752B (en
Inventor
崔靖晨
田华
隆武强
田江平
王阳
刘威
杨添淏
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/34413—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using composite camshafts, e.g. with cams being able to move relative to the camshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2710/00—Control of valve gear, speed or power
    • F01L2710/003—Control of valve gear for two stroke engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2760/00—Control of valve gear to facilitate reversing, starting, braking of four stroke engines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, belongs to engine valve actuations field.It mainly includes camshaft, cam shaft sleeve, axial moving mechanism, valve adjustments mechanism, valve control machanism etc..At least provided with the first cam and the second cam in cam shaft sleeve.By using axial moving mechanism, the conversion between the various modes such as engine two-stroke drive pattern, four stroke drive patterns, two-stroke braking mode, four stroke braking modes is realized；Further by being used cooperatively with valve control machanism, optimal ventilation of the engine under different operating modes is finally realized, the comprehensive purpose for improving engine power performance, fuel economy, emission performance and braking safety is reached.The present invention is proposed towards practical application, and reliability is high, mechanism is compact, reduces requirement of the system to each mechanism, and each mechanism is using more mature technology, and practical potentiality are high in a short time for system, have a good application prospect.

Description

A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, belong to engine valve actuations neck Domain.
Background technology
It is increasingly serious with the energy and environmental problem, and people are to the driving of vehicle and being absorbed in for security, not Carrying out engine needs on the premise of discharge index is met, and considers dynamic property, economy, emission performance and security.This is just Need driving and braking in the range of full working scope, optimize engine performance.And changeable air valve, the stroke changeable received much concern at present The technologies such as number, cylinder deactivation, auxiliary braking, new combustion mode, variable compression ratio, variable EGR are mostly only in engine small range fortune Its performance is improved in row conditioned area.The drive in fixed punch number of passes engine is only applied to such as existing changeable air valve technology Start building under condition, and be mostly used for the inlet valve of gasoline engine to reduce pumping loss.Stroke changeable number technology is at home and abroad still located In conceptual phase, and it is served only under driving operating mode.The existing vehicle with cylinder stopping technique can only provide cylinder deactivation function, therefore, It is relatively low to consumption improvement degree, 7% or so oil consumption reduction can only be obtained mostly.On the other hand, with engine recoverable amount Sharply increase, vehicle safety is increasingly valued by people, EBA is classified as vehicle by increasing country One of indispensable annex.But at present EBA exist mostly brake component work long hours easily overheat, braking effect Rate is quickly reduced, retardation efficiency controllable degree is low, braking when vehicle easy sideslip, brakes take limited vehicle space etc. Problem.In current engine auxiliary braking technology, the braking effect for depressurizing auxiliary braking technology is best, and it is in import/exhaust On the basis of door running situation is constant, subtracted near with opening exhaust valve or pressure-reducing valve compared with small guide vane to realize Braking effect is pressed, the every 720 ° of crank angles of engine realize a braking cycle, belong to the braking of four strokes, its braking effect can not Meet the requirement during braking of vehicle heavy load.
The problem of for above-mentioned engine research field, Internal Combustion Engine institute burning seminar of Dalian University of Technology is based on The thought of partition zone optimizing engine performance in the range of driving-braking full working scope, proposes a kind of multimode engine, and provide each The application operating mode of the pattern of kind and the requirement that the moment is opened and closed to valve：Under the driving operating mode of the big load of low speed, using two-stroke Drive pattern, to reach the purpose for improving power output；Under other engine driving operating modes, using four stroke drive patterns, To reach the purpose of reduction fuel consumption and emission formation；Under heavy load damped condition, using two-stroke braking mode, with Reach the purpose for improving braking power output；Under small load brake operating mode, using four stroke braking modes, according to deceleration loading Requirement, change braking mode number of stroke come adjust braking output, with reach improve vehicle safety purpose.
At present, practical Variabale valve actuation system remains valve cam mostly, mostly using mechanical mechanism, It is broadly divided into：1) camshaft phase modulation formula, such as TOYOTA VVT systems, BMW Vanos systems；2) changeable air valve liter stage by stage The VTEC systems of formula, such as Honda；3) the Valvetronic systems of continuously variable valve lift formula, such as BMW, Hyundai CVVL systems etc., this kind of system realizes keying timing and the maximum of each cylinder valve of engine by controlling intermediate transmission mechanism The synchronous adjustment of stroke three.
Relatively have for cam Variabale valve actuation system, system without cam can realize more flexible valve event, simultaneously Mechanism is complicated, costly, and needs more to be stretched in terms of the control of reliability, durability and valve temperature compensation The research entered.This kind of system mainly includes electromagnetic type and the class of electric-liquid type two.Electromagnetic type system is in the accurate control of motion, valve stroke Remained to be further improved in terms of adjustable degree.For electromagnetic type system, electric-liquid type system has relatively higher valve can The features such as adjusting flexibility ratio, higher power density, flexible arrangement, is Variabale valve actuation system most potential at present.This is System mainly includes common rail oil feeding type and the major class of cam oil feeding type two.
Common rail oil feeding type system eliminates valve cam, and oil is driven in the open/close states and accumulator by controlling magnetic valve Pressure, adjust valve keying timing and range.Ford companies, Lucas companies etc. carried out research to this, and future is still The research that need to be stretched into terms of system cost, response speed, space-consuming.With engine cylinder number, single cylinder valve number And the increase of rotating speed, the system is also present：A) common rail pipe is bulky, difficulty in arrangement the problem of；B) made in system The quantity of high-speed large-flow magnetic valve is excessive, and the magnetic valve cost determined by current magnetic valve material and processing technology Higher, therefore, the holistic cost of the system is higher.These problems cause traditional common rail oil feeding type system automobile-usedization and are more stranded Difficulty, this kind of system is widely used on the exhaust valve of low powered two stroke engine.
By comprehensive mechanical formula and the advantage of common rail oil feeding type system, cam oil feeding type system receives researcher and Sheng Produce the extensive concern of manufacturer, such as FIAT Multiair systems, ABB VCM systems.This kind of system uses cam-plunger type Oil feeder replaces accumulator, occupies little space, can be achieved valve keying timing it is separately adjustable, open and close timing and determine row Journey.This kind of system stills need to be improved at following two aspects：A) quantity of oil feeder needed for system and magnetic valve is more, is Holistic cost of uniting is higher；B) valve operation adjustable extent is limited by fuel feeding and control device, it is impossible to realize that valve is opened and closed just When and stroke three between it is separately adjustable, do not realize engine two-stroke drive pattern and two-stroke braking mode requirement yet 360 DEG C of A/ circulations valve running etc..
Because existing practical Variabale valve actuation system is mostly used for the engine of four stroke drive patterns, it is impossible to full The requirement of sufficient multimode engine, therefore a set of reliability of exploitation is high and meets the variable valve actuation of multimode engine requirement System is imperative.Engine two-stroke drive pattern, four stroke drive patterns, two-stroke braking mode and the braking of four strokes Under pattern, there is greatly difference in import/exhaust door open frequency, unlatching timing and unlatching duration, which greatly increases The development difficulty of the Variabale valve actuation system of multimode engine requirement.Such as due to two-stroke drive pattern or two-stroke system Dynamic model formula requires the every 360 ° of crank angles operation of import/exhaust door once, four stroke drive patterns and the requirement of four stroke braking modes Once, therefore, this requirement needs to realize two-stroke driving/braking pattern and four punchings the every 720 ° of crank angles operation of import/exhaust door The multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system switched between journey driving/braking pattern, which must have, realizes both valve running frequencies Between the function that flexibly switches.Even under the constant driving of number of stroke and braking mode, import/exhaust door is opened timing and opened Opening the duration still has very big difference.If using an actuated by cams, by using mechanical continuous variable valve Controlling organization is come if realizing the small unlatching duration, valve maximum lift is accordingly reduced, and charging efficiency and pumping loss etc. refer to Mark is more difficult to be met simultaneously.If the small unlatching duration is realized by draining using hydraulic valve controlling organization, at a high speed The problem of system can not be fully oil-filled will appear as well in lower hydraulic valve controlling organization, and this will cause the system can not apply at a high speed On engine., it is necessary to the unusual phase adjusted of wide-angle, vane type vvt mechanism common at present when switching between various patterns Requirement can not be met, and the electronic vvt mechanism that can meet requirement is costly, can not popularize on a large scale in short term, accordingly, it would be desirable to The requirement of the adjustable range to valve opening timing is reduced as far as possible, to realize without VVT or using conventional minor adjustment model The VVT enclosed purpose.Even under same pattern, it is different that working conditions of different engines remains that valve-driving system is provided Unlatching timing, maximum lift and the unlatching duration of import/exhaust door.At the same time, various parts should be used as far as possible More mature technology, good application prospect is finally obtained to improve system possibility practical in a short time.At present not yet There is a Variabale valve actuation system can be while meet requirements above, therefore the exploitation of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system is compeled In the eyebrows and eyelashes.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：By designing a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, for reality It is existing：(a) engine two-stroke drive pattern, four stroke drive patterns, two-stroke system are realized by using axial moving mechanism Conversion between the various modes such as dynamic model formula, four stroke braking modes, is wanted to ventilation in different modes to meet engine Ask；(b) in each mode, starting for different operating points is further optimized under each pattern by using valve control machanism Machine running situation, reaches and comprehensive improves performance in terms of engine power performance, fuel economy, emission performance and braking safety Purpose；(c) collocation hydraulic pressure or a variety of different valve adjustments mechanisms such as mechanical are flexible to changeable air valve to meet practical application Requirement in terms of degree, cost, system arrangement, each mechanism is as far as possible using more mature technology, to improve system in a short time Practical possibility, finally to obtain good application prospect.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：This axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, it includes Valve actuating mechanism, camshaft, cam shaft sleeve, axial moving mechanism, valve control machanism, valve adjustments mechanism.Wherein, it is convex First cam and the second cam are set on wheel shaft axle sleeve.First cam uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobe Piece, the second cam uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, and biconvex cam lobes are identical simultaneously using molded line And phase differs two projections of 180 ° of camshaft degrees.There is valve adjustments mechanism input, valve to adjust for valve adjustments mechanism Save mechanism output end and valve governor motion adjustable side.Axial moving mechanism adjusts the axial location of cam shaft sleeve, determines straight Connect or drive the cam of valve governor motion input to be the first cam either the second cam by transmission mechanism.Valve control Mechanism processed adjusts the position of valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side directly or by transmission mechanism, valve adjustments mechanism output end directly or Valve actuating mechanism is driven by transmission mechanism.
Increase by the 3rd cam on cam shaft set, the 3rd cam uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobe Piece.Axial moving mechanism adjusts the axial location of cam shaft sleeve, determines to drive valve adjustments machine directly or by transmission mechanism The cam of structure input is the first cam, the second cam or the 3rd cam.
It increases a valve actuating mechanism, i.e. the first valve actuating mechanism and duaspiracle drive mechanism.Increase valve Drive axle.Valve adjustments mechanism output end first finally distinguishes direct or logical by valve actuation bridge again directly or by transmission mechanism Cross transmission mechanism and drive the first valve actuating mechanism and duaspiracle drive mechanism.
It increases a valve actuating mechanism, a valve control machanism and a valve adjustments mechanism, i.e., using first Valve control machanism, the first valve adjustments mechanism, duaspiracle controlling organization, duaspiracle governor motion, the first valve actuation Mechanism and duaspiracle drive mechanism.Increase valve actuation bridge.Cam is first directly or by transmission mechanism, then passes through valve actuation Bridge, finally drives the first valve adjustments mechanism input and duaspiracle governor motion to input directly or by transmission mechanism respectively End.First valve control machanism adjusts the first valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side directly or by transmission mechanism.Duaspiracle is controlled Mechanism adjusts duaspiracle governor motion adjustable side directly or by transmission mechanism.First valve adjustments mechanism output end directly or First valve actuating mechanism is driven by transmission mechanism.Duaspiracle governor motion output end drives directly or by transmission mechanism Duaspiracle drive mechanism.
For two cam switchings, the cam shaft, which is put, is provided with two switching slot；The axial moving mechanism is adopted With two electromagnetic actuators；Or the axial moving mechanism uses two hydraulic actuating mechanisms and two hydraulic control machines Structure.
For three cam switchings, the cam shaft, which is put, is provided with two switching slot；The axial moving mechanism is adopted With three electromagnetic actuators；Or the axial moving mechanism uses three hydraulic actuating mechanisms and three hydraulic control machines Structure.
Valve adjustments mechanism uses fluid pressure type mechanism, leverage, or four-bar mechanism；The valve control machanism is used Mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor, or electric mechanism is as controlling organization, using hydraulic unit, adjustable track, adjusting rod, or Person's four-bar mechanism is used as executing agency.
Transmission mechanism is sliding block, push rod, rocking arm, swing arm, four-bar mechanism, or Hydraulic Main is from piston type mechanism.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：(a) this axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system mainly includes convex Wheel shaft, cam shaft sleeve, axial moving mechanism, valve adjustments mechanism, valve control machanism etc., cam shaft sleeve at least include the One cam and the second cam, by using axial moving mechanism, realize engine two-stroke drive pattern, four strokes driving mould Conversion between the various modes such as formula, two-stroke braking mode, four stroke braking modes, so as to meet engine in different moulds To the requirement of ventilation under formula；(b) in each mode, by using valve control machanism, realize under each pattern not With the further optimization of the generator operating conditions of operating point, engine power performance, fuel economy, row are finally improved comprehensively Putting property and braking safety；(c) present invention provides the user mechanical valve governor motion or fluid pressure type according to actual type Valve adjustments mechanism, the former has preferable changeable air valve degree of flexibility and a good reliability, and the latter has higher variable Valve degree of flexibility, suitable scheme is selected according to the actual conditions of oneself so as to allow user, on the basis of high performance-price ratio On, meet the requirement to import/exhaust door running situation under the various operating conditions of engine；It is (d) of the invention by rationally designing, Reliability is high, mechanism is compact, reduces the requirement to various parts, and each mechanism improves system using more mature technology Possibility practical in a short time, is finally obtained good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation It is intended to.
Fig. 2 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive dual valve operation It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the double regulations of biconvex wheel drive dual valve operation It is intended to.
Fig. 4 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of three actuated by cams list valves operation It is intended to.
Fig. 5 is that the axial displacement of the dull section of electromagnetic type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation with single camshaft axle sleeve is more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.
Fig. 6 is that the axial displacement of the dull section of the actuated by cams list valve of electromagnetic type three operation with single camshaft axle sleeve is more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.
Fig. 7 is that the axial displacement of the dull section of fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation with single camshaft axle sleeve is more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.
Fig. 8 is the axial displacement of the dull section of fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation with two cam shaft sleeves The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Fig. 9 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke drive patterns.
Figure 10 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke drive patterns.
Figure 11 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke braking modes.
Figure 12 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke braking modes.
Figure 13 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive pattern.
Figure 14 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive pattern.
Figure 15 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.
Figure 16 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.
Figure 17 is the axial displacement of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation using fluid pressure type valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Figure 18 is the axial displacement of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation using lever valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Figure 19 is the axial displacement of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation using four-bar valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Figure 20 is that the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the single camshaft axle sleeve with two groups of cams shows It is intended to.
In figure：1st, cylinder cap；2nd, valve actuating mechanism；201st, the first valve actuating mechanism；202nd, duaspiracle drive mechanism； 2A, left side valve actuating mechanism；2B, right side valve actuating mechanism；2-1, a valve actuating mechanism；2-2, No. two valve actuations Mechanism；3rd, camshaft；3-1, a camshaft；3-2, No. two camshafts；4th, cam shaft sleeve；401st, the first cam；402nd, Two cams；401A, the cam of left side first；402A, the cam of left side second；401B, the cam of right side first；402B, right side second are convex Take turns the 403, the 3rd cam；404th, the first switching slot；405th, the second switching slot；4-1, a cam shaft sleeve；401-1, No. one One cam；402-1, second cam；404-1, first switching slot；405-1, second switching slot；4-2, No. two Cam shaft sleeve；401-2, No. two first cams；402-2, No. two second cams；404-2, No. two first switching slot；405-2、 No. two second switching slot；5th, axial moving mechanism；501st, the first electromagnetic actuator；501b, the switching of the first electromagnetic actuator Pin；502nd, the second electromagnetic actuator；502b, the second electromagnetic actuator switching pin；503rd, the 3rd electromagnetic actuator； 503b, the 3rd electromagnetic actuator switching pin；511st, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism；511a, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth； 511b, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pin；511k, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring；512nd, the second hydraulic pressure performs machine Structure；512a, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth；512b, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pin；512k, the second hydraulic pressure are performed Reset spring；521st, the first hydraulic control；521a, the first hydraulic control driving mouth；521p, the first hydraulic pressure control Mechanism high-pressure mouth processed；521t, the first hydraulic control low pressure port；522nd, the second hydraulic control；522a, the second hydraulic pressure control Mechanism processed drives mouth；522p, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth；522t, the second hydraulic control low pressure port；53rd, low pressure Source；54th, high-voltage power supply；511-1, first hydraulic actuating mechanism；511a-1, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth； 511b-1, a first hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pin；511k-1, a first hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring；512-1、 Number second hydraulic actuating mechanism；512a-1, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth；512b-1, second hydraulic pressure are held Row mechanism switching pin；512k-1, a second hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring；511-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanisms； 511a-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouths；511b-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pins；511k-2, two Number the first hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring；512-2, No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms；512a-2, No. two second hydraulic pressure are performed Mechanism drives mouth；512b-2, No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pins；512k-2, No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms reset Spring；55th, the first common rail chamber；56th, the second common rail chamber；6th, valve control machanism；601st, the first valve control machanism；602nd, second Valve control machanism；6-1, a valve control machanism；6-2, No. two valve control machanisms；6A, left side valve control machanism； 6B, right side valve control machanism；6Y, hydraulic control；6TL, regulation cam；6GD, adjustable track；6G, adjusting rod；6DA、 The pin joint of adjusting rod first；6DB, the pin joint of adjusting rod second；7th, valve adjustments mechanism；7a, valve adjustments mechanism input； 7b, valve adjustments mechanism output end；7c, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；701st, the first valve adjustments mechanism；701a, the first gas Door governor motion input；701b, the first valve adjustments mechanism output end；701c, the first valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；702、 Duaspiracle governor motion；702a, duaspiracle governor motion input；702b, duaspiracle governor motion output end； 702c, duaspiracle governor motion adjustable side；7-1, a valve adjustments mechanism；7a-1, a valve adjustments mechanism input； 7b-1, a valve adjustments mechanism output end；7c-1, a valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；7-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanisms； 7a-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanism inputs；7b-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanism output ends；7c-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanisms Adjustable side；7A, left side valve adjustments mechanism；7Aa, left side valve adjustments mechanism input；7Ab, left side valve adjustments mechanism are defeated Go out end；7Ac, left side valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；7B, right side valve adjustments mechanism；7Ba, the input of right side valve adjustments mechanism End；7Bb, right side valve adjustments mechanism output end；7Bc, right side valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；7G, plunger type oil feeder；7Q、 Hydraulic piston type valve actuation device；T, draining chamber；7GG, lever；7K；Back-moving spring；7G1, the first bar；7G2, the second bar；7G3、 3rd bar；7Z1, the first bar pole；7DA, the first pin joint；7DB, the second pin joint；7DC, the 3rd pin joint；8th, valve drives Dynamic bridge.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.It includes valve actuating mechanism 2, convex Wheel shaft 3, cam shaft sleeve 4, axial moving mechanism 5, valve control machanism 6, valve adjustments mechanism 7.Fig. 1 is biconvex wheel drive list The schematic diagram of the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of valve operation.Is set in cam shaft sleeve 4 One cam 401 and the second cam 402.First cam 401 uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, and second is convex Wheel 402 uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, and biconvex cam lobes use molded line identical and phase Differ two projections of 180 ° of camshaft degrees.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 has valve adjustments mechanism input 7a, valve adjustments machine Structure output end 7b and valve governor motion adjustable side 7c.Axial moving mechanism 5 adjusts the axial location of cam shaft sleeve 4, determines The cam for directing or through transmission mechanism driving valve governor motion input 7a is the first cam 401 or the second cam 402.Valve control machanism 6 adjusts valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c position, valve adjustments machine directly or by transmission mechanism Structure output end 7b drives valve actuating mechanism 2 directly or by transmission mechanism.Transmission mechanism be sliding block, push rod, rocking arm, swing arm, Four-bar mechanism, or Hydraulic Main is from piston type mechanism.
Fig. 2 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive dual valve operation It is intended to.System increases a valve actuating mechanism 2, i.e. the first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle drive mechanism 202, increases Aerating door drive axle 8.Valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b is first finally divided by valve actuation bridge 8 again directly or by transmission mechanism The first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle drive mechanism 202 are not driven directly or by transmission mechanism.Realize the first gas The synchronous adjustment of door drive mechanism 201 and duaspiracle drive mechanism 202.
Fig. 3 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the double regulations of biconvex wheel drive dual valve operation It is intended to.System increases a valve actuating mechanism 2, a valve control machanism 6 and a valve adjustments mechanism 7, i.e., using the One valve control machanism 601, the first valve adjustments mechanism 701, duaspiracle controlling organization 602, duaspiracle governor motion 702nd, the first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle drive mechanism 202；Increase valve actuation bridge 8；Cam first directly or by Transmission mechanism drives the first valve adjustments mechanism input directly or by transmission mechanism respectively by the way that valve actuation bridge 8 is last again 701a and duaspiracle governor motion input 702a, the first valve control machanism 601 is directly or by transmission mechanism regulation the One valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 701c position, duaspiracle controlling organization 602 adjusts second directly or by transmission mechanism Valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 702c position, the first valve adjustments mechanism output end 701b drives directly or by transmission mechanism First valve actuating mechanism 201, duaspiracle governor motion output end 702b drives duaspiracle directly or by transmission mechanism Drive mechanism 202.Realize the separately adjustable of the first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle drive mechanism 202.
Fig. 4 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of three actuated by cams list valves operation It is intended to.System increases by the 3rd cam 403 in cam shaft sleeve 4, and the 3rd cam 403 uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex Play cam lobes.Axial moving mechanism 5 adjusts the axial location of cam shaft sleeve 4, and decision directs or through transmission mechanism drive A governor motion input 7a cam of taking offence is the first cam 401, the second cam 402, or the 3rd cam 403.Wherein, three The feelings of the dull section of actuated by cams dual valve operation, the double regulations of three actuated by cams dual valves operation or more actuated by cams valves Condition, is not repeated herein.
Fig. 5 is that the axial displacement of the dull section of electromagnetic type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation with single camshaft axle sleeve is more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.The first cam 401, the second cam 402, first are provided with cam shaft sleeve 4 Switching slot 404, the second switching slot 405, the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the second electromagnetic actuator 502.First electromagnetism is performed Mechanism 501 has the first electromagnetic actuator switching pin 501b.Second electromagnetic actuator 502 has the second electromagnetic actuator Switching pin 502b.Current driving valve governor motion input 7a's is the first cam 401, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 It is energized, when the second electromagnetic actuator 502 is not energized, the first electromagnetic actuator switching pin 501b is descending and stretches into first In switching slot 404, cam shaft sleeve 4 is promoted to be moved to the left, driving valve governor motion input 7a cam is by the first cam 401 switch to the second cam 402.Current driving valve governor motion input 7a's is the second cam 402, when the first electromagnetism is held Row mechanism 501 is not energized, when the second electromagnetic actuator 502 is energized, and the second electromagnetic actuator switching pin 502b is descending And stretch into the second switching slot 405, promote cam shaft sleeve 4 to move right.Drive valve governor motion input 7a cam First cam 401 is switched to by the second cam 402.When the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the second electromagnetic actuator 502 not When being energized, cam shaft sleeve 4 is without axial movement.First switching slot 404 and the second switching slot 405 are kept completely separate.First The right side changeover portion of switching slot 404 and the left side changeover portion of the second switching slot 405 can also coincide.
Fig. 6 is that the axial displacement of the dull section of the actuated by cams list valve of electromagnetic type three operation with single camshaft axle sleeve is more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.Increase by the 3rd cam 403 in cam shaft sleeve 4.Increase by the 3rd electromagnetism and perform machine Structure 503.3rd electromagnetic actuator 503 has the 3rd electromagnetic actuator switching pin 503b.The right side transition of first switching slot 404 Section and the left side changeover portion of the second switching slot 405 coincide.Current driving valve actuation governor motion input 7a's is second convex Wheel 402, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 is energized, the second electromagnetic actuator 502 and the 3rd electromagnetic actuator 503 are equal When not being energized, the first electromagnetic actuator drive pin 501b is descending and stretches into the first switching slot 404, promotes cam shaft Set 4 is moved to the left, and driving valve governor motion input 7a switches to the 3rd cam 403 by the second cam 402.Current driving gas Door governor motion input 7a is the 3rd cam 403, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the 3rd electromagnetic actuator 503 are equal It is not energized, when the second electromagnetic actuator 502 is energized, the second electromagnetic actuator drive pin 502b is descending and stretches into In two switching slot 405, cam shaft sleeve 4 is promoted to move right, driving valve governor motion input 7a is cut by the 3rd cam 403 Change the second cam 402 into.Current driving valve governor motion input 7a is the second cam (402), when the 3rd electromagnetism performs machine Structure 503 is energized, and when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the second electromagnetic actuator 502 are not energized, the 3rd electromagnetism is performed Mechanism drive pin 503b is descending and stretches into the second switching slot 405, promotes cam shaft sleeve 4 to move right, and driving valve is adjusted Section mechanism input 7a switches to the first cam 401 by the second cam 402.Current driving valve governor motion input 7a is the One cam 401, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the 3rd electromagnetic actuator 503 are not energized, the second electromagnetism performs machine When structure 502 is energized, the second electromagnetic actuator drive pin 502b is descending and stretches into the first switching slot 404, promotes cam Axle axle sleeve 4 is moved to the left, and driving valve governor motion input 7a switches to the second cam 402 by the first cam (401).First When electromagnetic actuator 501, the second electromagnetic actuator 502 and the 3rd electromagnetic actuator 503 are not energized, cam shaft Set 4 is without axial movement.
Fig. 7 is that the axial displacement of the dull section of fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation with single camshaft axle sleeve is more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.Fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism includes two sets of hydraulic actuating mechanisms, two sets of hydraulic pressure Controlling organization, high-voltage power supply 54 and low pressure source 53.Hydraulic actuating mechanism uses reciprocating-piston mechanism, including the first hydraulic pressure to perform machine The hydraulic actuating mechanism 512 of structure 511 and second.First hydraulic actuating mechanism 511 include the first hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 511a, First hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 511b and the first hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring 511k.Second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512 It is multiple including the second hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 512a, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b and the second hydraulic actuating mechanism Position spring 512k.Hydraulic control includes the first hydraulic control 521 and the second hydraulic control 522.First hydraulic pressure Controlling organization 521 includes the first hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p, the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the first liquid Press controlling organization driving mouth 521a.Second hydraulic control 522 includes the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p, the second liquid Press controlling organization low pressure port 522t and the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a.First hydraulic actuating mechanism drive mouth 511a with First hydraulic control driving mouth 521a is connected.Second hydraulic actuating mechanism drives mouth 512a and the second hydraulic control to drive The 522a that opens one's mouth is connected.First hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p and the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p are and high-voltage power supply 54 are connected.First hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t with the phase of low pressure source 53 Even.When first hydraulic control 521 is not energized, the first hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p is blocked, the first hydraulic pressure control Mechanism low pressure port 521t processed is connected with the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a.When first hydraulic control 521 is energized, First hydraulic control low pressure port 521t is blocked, the first hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p and the first hydraulic control Mouth 521a is driven to be connected.When second hydraulic control 522 is not energized, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p is blocked Plug, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t is connected with the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a.Second hydraulic control machine When structure 522 is energized, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t is blocked, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p and the Two hydraulic controls driving mouth 522a is connected.Current driving valve governor motion input 7a's is the first cam 401, and First hydraulic control 521 is energized, when the second hydraulic control 522 is not energized, the driving of the first hydraulic actuating mechanism Pin 511b is descending and stretches into the first switching slot 404, promotes cam shaft sleeve 4 to be moved to the left, and driving valve governor motion is defeated Enter to hold 7a to switch to the second cam 402 by the first cam 401.Current driving valve governor motion input 7a's is the second cam 402, the first hydraulic control 521 is not energized, when the second hydraulic control 522 is energized, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism Drive pin 512b is descending and stretches into the second switching slot 405, promotes cam shaft sleeve 4 to move right, and drives valve adjustments machine Structure input 7a switches to the first cam 401 by the second cam 402.First hydraulic control 521 and the second hydraulic control machine When structure 522 is not energized, cam shaft sleeve 4 is without axial movement.Fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism carries out three cam switchings When, it is necessary to increase a hydraulic actuating mechanism and hydraulic control.It is not repeated herein.
Fig. 8 is the axial displacement of the dull section of fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation with two cam shaft sleeves The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.Fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism includes four sets of hydraulic actuating mechanisms, two sets of liquid Press controlling organization, high-voltage power supply 54 and low pressure source 53.Hydraulic actuating mechanism includes a first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-1 and No. one Second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512-1, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-2 and No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512-2.One Number the first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-1 includes the first hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 511a-1, first hydraulic pressure and performed A mechanism drive pin 511b-1 and first hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring 511k-1.A number second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512- 1 includes the second hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 512a-1, a second hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b-1 and No. one Second hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring 512k-1.No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-2 include No. two first hydraulic pressure and performed Mechanism driving mouth 511a-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 511b-2 and No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanisms reset bullet Spring 511k-2.No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512-2 include No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms driving mouth 512a-2, No. two the Two hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b-2 and No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism back-moving spring 512k-2.Hydraulic control bag Include the first hydraulic control 521 and the second hydraulic control 522.Wherein, the first hydraulic control 521 includes the first liquid Press controlling organization high-pressure mouth 521p, the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a. Second hydraulic control 522 includes the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t With the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a.Number the first hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 511a-1 and No. two first hydraulic pressure are held Row mechanism driving mouth 511a-2 directs or through the first common rail chamber 55 and is connected with the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a. Number second hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 512a-1 and No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms driving mouth 512a-2 directly or Mouth 522a is driven to be connected with the second hydraulic control by the second common rail chamber 56.First hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p and Second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p is connected with high-voltage power supply 54.First hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the second liquid Pressure controlling organization low pressure port 522t is connected with low pressure source 53.When first hydraulic control 521 is not energized, the first hydraulic pressure control Mechanism high-pressure mouth 521p processed is blocked, the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a It is connected.When first hydraulic control 521 is energized, the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t is blocked, the first hydraulic pressure control Mechanism high-pressure mouth 521p processed is connected with the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a.Second hydraulic control 522 is not energized When, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p is blocked, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t and the second hydraulic control Mechanism driving mouth 522a is connected.When second hydraulic control 522 is energized, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t is blocked Plug, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p is connected with the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a.Currently drive a gas That door governor motion input 7a-1 is a first cam 401-1, and No. two valve adjustments mechanism input 7a-2's of driving is No. two first cam 401-2, and the first hydraulic control 521 is energized, and the second hydraulic control 522 is not energized When, a first hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 511b-1 is descending and stretches into a first switching slot 404-1, promotes No. one Cam shaft sleeve 4-1 is moved to the left, and drives valve adjustments mechanism input 7a-1 cam by a first cam 401-1 It is switched to a second cam 402-1；Meanwhile, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 511b-2 are descending and stretch into No. two In first switching slot 404-2, promote No. two cam shaft sleeve 4-2 to be moved to the left, drive No. two valve adjustments mechanism input 7a- 2 cam is switched to No. two second cam 402-2 by No. two first cam 401-2.A number valve adjustments mechanism of currently driving is defeated That enter to hold 7a-1 is a second cam 402-1, and No. two valve adjustments mechanism input 7a-2's of driving is No. two second cams 402-2, and the first hydraulic control 521 is not energized, when the second hydraulic control 522 is energized, second liquid Pressure actuator drive pin 512b-1 is descending and stretches into a second switching slot 405-1, promotes a cam shaft sleeve 4-1 Move right, drive valve adjustments mechanism input 7a-1 cam to be switched to No. one the by a second cam 402-1 One cam 401-1；Meanwhile, No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b-2 are descending and stretch into No. two second switching slot In 405-2, promote No. two cam shaft sleeve 4-2 move right, drive No. two valve adjustments mechanism input 7a-2 cam by No. two second cam 402-2 are switched to No. two first cam 401-2.
For the system with multiple cam shaft sleeves 4, fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism needs a set of first hydraulic pressure Controlling organization 521 and a set of second hydraulic control 522, and need first hydraulic pressure equal with cam shaft sleeve quantity to hold Row mechanism 511, the driving mouthful of these the first hydraulic actuating mechanisms 511 directs or through the first common rail chamber 55 and the first hydraulic pressure Controlling organization driving mouth 521a is connected；Second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512 equal with cam shaft sleeve quantity is needed, these second The driving mouth of hydraulic actuating mechanism 512 directs or through the second common rail chamber 56 and the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a It is connected.First hydraulic control 521 controls the first all hydraulic actuating mechanisms 511 to run simultaneously, and realizes all cams The synchronization of axle axle sleeve 4 is moved to the left；Second hydraulic control 522 controls the synchronous fortune of all the second hydraulic actuating mechanisms 512 OK, realize that the synchronization of all cam shaft sleeves 4 moves right, finally realize the first cam in all cam shaft sleeves 4 401 and the second switching between cam 402.
For the Variabale valve actuation system for multimode engine, engine has based on the actual application requirements Which pattern selects the type of cam lobes.Fig. 9 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke drive patterns.Figure 10 is four punchings Exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under journey drive pattern.Figure 11 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke braking modes.Figure 12 is four Exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under stroke braking mode.Figure 13 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive pattern.Figure 14 is Exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive pattern.Figure 15 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.Figure 16 It is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.It can such as be used with meeting the vehicle based on low-speed big power output Four stroke drive patterns and two-stroke drive pattern, then, the cam of air inlet side selects Fig. 9 and Figure 13, the cam choosing of exhaust side Select Figure 10 and Figure 14.Such as with meet vehicle based on the auxiliary braking security of heavy-duty vehicle can using four stroke drive patterns and Two-stroke braking mode, then, the cam of air inlet side selects Fig. 9 and Figure 15, and the cam of exhaust side selects Figure 10 and Figure 16.Such as with Four stroke drive patterns, four stroke braking modes and two punchings can also be used by meeting the vehicle of the auxiliary braking security of heavy-duty vehicle Journey braking mode, then, three cams, i.e. Fig. 9, Figure 11 and Figure 15 may be selected in the cam of air inlet side, and the cam of exhaust side is optional Select three cams, i.e. Figure 10, Figure 12 and Figure 16.Such as with while needing to meet low-speed big power output and meeting heavy-duty vehicle Auxiliary braking security vehicle use four stroke drive patterns, two-stroke drive pattern and two-stroke braking mode, then, Three cams, i.e. Fig. 9, Figure 13 and Figure 15 may be selected in the cam of air inlet side, and the cam of exhaust side may be selected three cams, that is, scheme 10th, Figure 14 and Figure 16.
Due to number of stroke it is constant in the case of, import/exhaust door running frequency it is constant, then, import/exhaust door be possible to use One cam drives, by valve control machanism individually or with the camshaft phase governor motion phase that is arranged on camshaft Coordinate and to provide corresponding valve opening timing for specific operating point and open the duration.The constant situation of number of stroke, drives mould The requirement of formula and braking mode to the valve opening timing of import/exhaust door, unlatching duration, valve maximum lift is present very Big difference, the difference of valve opening timing is bigger, it is desirable to camshaft phase governor motion adjustable extent it is bigger, once it is super Go out the conventional adjustable range such as vane type vvt mechanism, it is necessary to expensive electronic VVT；If using an actuated by cams, If the small unlatching duration is realized by using mechanical continuous variable valve control machanism, valve maximum lift can be corresponding Reduction, in fact it could happen that requirement of the different mode to unlatching duration and maximum lift can not be met simultaneously, it is impossible to which realization is most preferably changed Gas.Under two-stroke drive pattern and two-stroke braking mode, or under four stroke drive patterns and four stroke braking modes, enter The unlatching timing of valve and unlatching duration are more or less the same, and the unlatching timing of exhaust valve and unlatching duration difference are larger.Therefore, The constant situation of number of stroke, also needs to be determined according to actual conditions using one or two cams.
For the Variabale valve actuation system for single-mode engine, such as four stroke drive patterns, air inlet side Cam select Fig. 9.Under different operating modes, two to three different cams are selected.Being used such as under low speed and load operating mode has The small cam for opening duration and small lift, was used under high speed high load capacity operating mode with unlatching duration and high-lift greatly Cam.For another example, under low speed same cylinder two inlet valve asynchronous operations, i.e., one inlet valve is with big valve stroke and unlatching Duration is run, and another inlet valve is with small valve stroke and opens duration operation, can strengthen In Cylinder Flow, improve The performance of engine, therefore, can by using such as Figure 20 structure, left cam and right cam under the low speed have not Same cam profile, or left side valve control machanism 6A and right side valve control machanism 6B using the methods such as different controlled quentity controlled variables come Realize.
In order to meet practical application to the requirement in terms of changeable air valve degree of flexibility, cost, system arrangement, the present invention can Arrange in pairs or groups fluid pressure type or a variety of different valve control machanisms such as mechanical.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 is using fluid pressure type mechanism, lever Mechanism or four-bar mechanism.Valve control machanism 6 is used as control unit using mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or electric mechanism Part, execution unit is used as using hydraulic unit, adjustable track, adjusting rod or four-bar mechanism.
Figure 17 is the axial displacement of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation using fluid pressure type valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 is using fluid pressure type mechanism, including plunger type oil feeder 7G With hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q, the oil in oil pocket and hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q in plunger type oil feeder 7G Chamber is by driving oil circuit to be connected；Valve control machanism 6 uses hydraulic control 6Y, and it can be arranged on driving oil circuit and draining Between chamber T, the connected state of control driving oil circuit and draining chamber T then controls the running situation of valve.Hydraulic control 6Y Driving between the oil pocket in oil pocket and hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q that can also be arranged in plunger type oil feeder 7G On oil circuit, the connected state of the oil pocket in plunger type oil feeder 7G and the oil pocket in hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q is controlled, Then the running situation of valve is controlled.Hydraulic control 6Y can be using hydraulic valve as execution unit, can be using machinery, electricity Magnetic, hydraulic pressure or electrically etc. mechanism as execution unit control unit.Hydraulic control 6Y concrete form has a variety of, such as Solenoid-operated hydraulic valve, Mechanical course hydraulic valve, hydraulic control check valve etc..
Valve adjustments mechanism 7 uses leverage, including lever 7GG, and lever 7GG three fulcrums are respectively valve adjustments Mechanism input 7a, valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b and valve governor motion adjustable side 7c.It may also include according to actual needs Back-moving spring 7K.Figure 18 is the axial movement of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation using lever valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of formula multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.Valve adjustments mechanism input 7a is arranged on lever 7GG intermediate support On, valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b and valve governor motion adjustable side 7c are separately positioned on lever 7GG other two fulcrums On.It can also be that valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b is arranged on lever 7GG intermediate support, valve adjustments mechanism input 7a It is separately positioned on valve governor motion adjustable side 7c on lever 7GG other two fulcrums, or valve adjustments mechanism is adjusted Section end 7c is arranged on lever 7GG intermediate support, 7b points of valve adjustments mechanism input 7a and valve governor motion output end It is not arranged on lever 7GG other two fulcrums.
Valve adjustments mechanism 7 can also use four-bar mechanism.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 can include the first bar 7G1, the second bar 7G2, the 3rd bar 7G3.Four-bar mechanism back-moving spring 7K is may also include according to actual needs.Valve adjustments mechanism input 7a can be set On the pole for putting a bar in the first bar 7G1, the 3rd bar 7G3 or this two bar, valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b is set On the pole of a bar on a bar in other two bar or in other two bar, valve control machanism 6 is by adjusting Throttle adjustment mechanism adjustable side 7c position come adjust relative position between some pin joint of each bar and cylinder cap 1 and/or The distance of two pin joints of certain bar.The bar that the distance of two pin joints of certain bar is referred to as certain bar is long.This kind of four-bar mechanism can Using a variety of connected modes.As the first bar 7G1 is hinged by the first pin joint 7DA and the fixation of cylinder cap 1 or is used as valve adjustments Mechanism input 7a directs or through transmission mechanism and is in contact with cam, and the first bar 7G1 passes through the second pin joint 7DB and second Bar 7G2 is hinged, and the second bar 7G2 is hinged valve control machanism 6 by the 3rd pin joint 7DC and the 3rd bar 7G3 and adjusts the 3rd bar 7G3 Another pin joint and cylinder cap 1 between position and/or the 3rd bar 7G3 bar it is long.For another example the first bar 7G1 is hinged by first Point 7DA is fixed with cylinder cap 1 to be hinged or directs or through transmission mechanism and cam phase as valve adjustments mechanism input 7a Contact, the second bar 7G2 is hinged by the 3rd pin joint 7DC and the 3rd bar 7G3, and the 3rd bar 7G3 passes through the 4th pin joint and cylinder cap 1 Fixation is hinged, and the regulation of valve control machanism 6 first bar 7G1 and/or the second bar 7G2 bar is long.As the first bar 7G1 passes through the second hinge Contact 7DB is hinged with the second bar 7G2, and the second bar 7G2 is hinged by the 3rd pin joint 7DC and the 3rd bar 7G3, the first bar 7G1 and 3rd bar 7G3 is in contact with valve control machanism 6 respectively, and valve control machanism 6 adjusts the first bar 7G1 bar length and/or the 3rd Position and/or the 3rd bar 7G3 between bar 7G3 bar length and/or the first bar 7G1 another pin joint and cylinder cap 1 it is another Position between individual pin joint and cylinder cap 1.In addition, valve adjustments mechanism 7 can also include the first bar 7G1, the second bar 7G2 and cunning Block.Valve adjustments mechanism input 7a may be provided on the pole of one in the first bar 7G1, sliding block or the two parts, gas Door governor motion output end 7b is arranged on the pole of a part on a part in other two part or in other two part On, valve control machanism 6 adjusts the relative position between each part by adjusting valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c position And/or the bar length and/or the track etc. of sliding block of some bars.This kind of four-bar mechanism can use a variety of connected modes.Such as the first bar 7G1 It is hinged with the fixation of cylinder cap 1 or valve adjustments mechanism input 7a directs or through transmission mechanism and is in contact with cam, second Bar 7G2 is hinged with sliding block, and sliding block is moved along trapped orbit, the regulation of valve control machanism 6 first bar 7G1 and/or the second bar 7G2 Bar it is long.Such as the first bar 7G1 and the second bar 7G2 is hinged, and the second bar 7G2 is hinged with sliding block, and sliding block is moved along trapped orbit, gas The the first bar 7G1 of regulation of gate control mechanism 6 bar length and/or the second bar 7G2 bar are long.It is hinged as the first bar 7G1 is fixed with cylinder cap 1 Or valve adjustments mechanism input 7a directs or through transmission mechanism and is in contact with cam, the first bar 7G1 and the second bar 7G2 Be hinged, sliding block is moved along trapped orbit, valve control machanism 6 adjust the second bar 7G2 bar length and/or the second bar 7G2 it is another One position between pin joint and sliding block.It is hinged or valve adjustments mechanism input 7a as the first bar 7G1 is fixed with cylinder cap 1 Direct or through transmission mechanism to be in contact with cam, the first bar 7G1 is hinged with the second bar 7G2, the second bar 7G2 is cut with scissors with sliding block Connect, sliding block is moved along track, position and direction of the adjustable track of valve control machanism 6 etc..Figure 19 is to use four-bar valve The signal of the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of governor motion Figure.First bar 7G1 is fixed with cylinder cap 1 by the first pin joint 7DA and is hinged.First bar 7G1 passes through the second pin joint 7DB and second Bar 7G2 is hinged.Second bar 7G2 is hinged by the 3rd pin joint 7DC and the 3rd bar 7G3.Cam passes through sliding block, i.e. push rod and the 3rd Bar 7G3 another fulcrum is in contact, and contact point is used as valve adjustments mechanism input 7a.Valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b is set Put on the first bar 7G1 pole 7Z1, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c is arranged on the 3rd bar 7G3 pole.Back-moving spring 7K is arranged on the 3rd bar 7G3.
When valve adjustments mechanism 7 can use leverage or four-bar mechanism, valve control machanism 6 can use a variety of sides Formula.Valve control machanism 6 using mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or electric mechanism as control unit, using hydraulic unit, Adjustable track, adjusting rod or four-bar mechanism are used as execution unit.As valve control machanism 6 may include mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, Motor electrically waits control unit and adjustable track 6GD, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c while output with controlling organization End and adjustable track 6GD are in contact, the output quantity of the output end of the adjusting control mechanism of valve control machanism 6, so as to realize valve Governor motion adjustable side 7c is promoted by the output end of controlling organization, is run along adjustable track 6GD.As shown in figure 18, valve control Mechanism 6 processed may include output end using regulation cam 6TL control unit and adjustable track 6GD mechanism, valve adjustments mechanism Adjustable side 7c is in contact with regulation cam 6TL and adjustable track 6GD simultaneously, and the controlling organization of valve control machanism 6 changes regulation Cam 6TL phase, so as to realize that valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c is conditioned cam 6TL promotions, is transported along adjustable track 6GD OK.Valve control machanism 6 may also include mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or control unit and the adjusting rod 6G, regulation such as electrically Bar 6G is fixed with cylinder cap 1 by adjusting rod the first pin joint 6DA and is hinged, and valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c is arranged on adjusting rod 6G Or on its pole, controlling organization adjusts adjusting rod 6G and rotated around the first pin joint of adjusting rod 6DA, so as to change valve adjustments Mechanism adjustable side 7c position.As shown in figure 19, adjusting rod 6G is fixed with cylinder cap 1 by adjusting rod the first pin joint 6DA and is hinged, Adjusting rod 6G is fixed by adjusting rod the second pin joint 6DB and the 3rd bar 7G3 pole and is hinged, the second pin joint of adjusting rod 6DB As valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c.Change the adjusting rod 6G anglec of rotation by controlling organization, realize valve adjustments mechanism The regulation of adjustable side 7c positions.Valve control machanism 6 may also include mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or the control unit such as electrically And four-bar mechanism.As four-bar mechanism includes the first adjusting rod, the second adjusting rod and the 3rd adjusting rod, the first adjusting rod and cylinder cap 1 Fixation is hinged, and the first adjusting rod is hinged with the second adjusting rod, and the second adjusting rod is hinged with the 3rd adjusting rod, the 3rd adjusting rod and cylinder Lid 1 is fixed and is hinged, and controlling organization adjusts the anglec of rotation of the first adjusting rod or the 3rd adjusting rod, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c is in contact with the pole of a bar in the bar or other two adjusting rod in other two adjusting rod.Such as valve control Mechanism 6 processed can also include the first adjusting rod, the second adjusting rod and adjusting slider, and the first adjusting rod is fixed with cylinder cap 1 and is hinged, the One adjusting rod is hinged with adjusting slider, and adjusting slider is moved along trapped orbit.Valve control machanism 6 controls the first adjusting rod The anglec of rotation, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c connects with the pole of the second adjusting rod, adjusting slider or one of which Touch.Or valve control machanism 6 controls to adjust the amount of movement of sliding block, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c and the first adjusting rod, the The pole of two adjusting rods or one of which is in contact.In actual applications, above-mentioned part needs to enter according to actual needs Row deformation.As adjusting rod 6G can be replaced with eccentric wheel.Adjust cam 6TL can with push rod, the on-fixed fulcrum of lever or Eccentric wheel etc. is replaced.
Figure 20 is that the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the single camshaft axle sleeve with two groups of cams shows It is intended to.It increases a valve actuating mechanism 2, i.e., using left side valve actuating mechanism 2A and right side valve actuating mechanism 2B.Increase Plus first cam 401 and second cam 402, i.e., using left side the first cam 401A, left side the second cam 402A, the right side Side the first cam 401B and right side the second cam 402B.When cam shaft sleeve is in leftward position, left side the first cam 401A is straight Connect or drive left side valve actuating mechanism 2A, right side the first cam 401B to direct or through transmission mechanism by transmission mechanism Driving right side valve actuating mechanism 2B.When cam shaft sleeve is in right positions, left side the second cam 402A is directed or through Transmission mechanism driving left side valve actuating mechanism 2A, right side the second cam 402B direct or through transmission mechanism driving right side gas Door drive mechanism 2B.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, it includes valve actuating mechanism (2), it is characterized in that：It Also include camshaft (3), cam shaft sleeve (4), axial moving mechanism (5), valve control machanism (6), valve adjustments mechanism (7)；Wherein, the first cam (401) and the second cam (402) are set in cam shaft sleeve (4)；First cam (401) is using single Raised cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, the second cam (402) use single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam Blade, biconvex cam lobes are using molded line is identical and phase differs two projections of 180 ° of camshaft degrees；Valve adjustments Mechanism (7) has valve adjustments mechanism input (7a), valve adjustments mechanism output end (7b) and valve governor motion adjustable side (7c)；The axial location of axial moving mechanism (5) regulation cam shaft sleeve (4), decision directs or through transmission mechanism driving The cam of valve adjustments mechanism input (7a) is the first cam (401) or the second cam (402)；Valve control machanism (6) The position of valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side (7c) is adjusted directly or by transmission mechanism, valve adjustments mechanism output end (7b) is directly Or valve actuating mechanism (2) is driven by transmission mechanism.
2. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In cam Increase by the 3rd cam (403) on axle axle sleeve (4), the 3rd cam (403) uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobe Piece；The axial location of axial moving mechanism (5) regulation cam shaft sleeve (4), decision directs or through transmission mechanism driving gas The cam of door governor motion input (7a) is the first cam (401), the second cam (402), or the 3rd cam (403).
3. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Increase by one Individual valve actuating mechanism (2), i.e. the first valve actuating mechanism (201) and duaspiracle drive mechanism (202), increase valve actuation Bridge (8)；Valve adjustments mechanism output end (7b) is first finally straight respectively by valve actuation bridge (8) again directly or by transmission mechanism Connect or the first valve actuating mechanism (201) and duaspiracle drive mechanism (202) are driven by transmission mechanism.
4. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Increase by one Individual valve actuating mechanism (2), a valve control machanism (6) and a valve adjustments mechanism (7), i.e., controlled using the first valve Mechanism (601), the first valve adjustments mechanism (701), duaspiracle controlling organization (602), duaspiracle governor motion (702), First valve actuating mechanism (201) and duaspiracle drive mechanism (202)；Increase valve actuation bridge (8)；Cam is first direct or logical Cross transmission mechanism finally drives the first valve adjustments mechanism defeated directly or by transmission mechanism respectively by valve actuation bridge (8) again Enter end (701a) and duaspiracle governor motion input (702a), the first valve control machanism (601) is directly or by transmission Mechanism adjusts the position of the first valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side (701c), and duaspiracle controlling organization (602) is directly or by biography The position of motivation structure regulation duaspiracle governor motion adjustable side (702c), the first valve adjustments mechanism output end (701b) is directly Or the first valve actuating mechanism (201) is driven by transmission mechanism, duaspiracle governor motion output end (702b) is direct or logical Cross transmission mechanism driving duaspiracle drive mechanism (202).
5. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode hydraulic variable valve drive system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is right Switch in two cams, two switching slot are provided with the cam shaft sleeve (4)；The axial moving mechanism (5) uses two Individual electromagnetic actuator；Or the axial moving mechanism (5) uses two hydraulic actuating mechanisms and two hydraulic controls.
6. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode hydraulic variable valve drive system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is right Switch in three cams, two switching slot are provided with the cam shaft sleeve (4)；The axial moving mechanism (5) uses three Individual electromagnetic actuator；Or the axial moving mechanism (5) uses three hydraulic actuating mechanisms and three hydraulic controls.
7. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The gas Door governor motion (7) is using fluid pressure type mechanism, leverage, or four-bar mechanism；The valve control machanism (6) uses machine Tool, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor, or electric mechanism is as driving part, using hydraulic unit, adjustable track, adjusting rod, or Four-bar mechanism is used as execution unit.
8. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is described to pass Motivation structure is sliding block, push rod, rocking arm, swing arm, four-bar mechanism, or Hydraulic Main is from piston type mechanism.
CN201710185205.5A 2016-12-13 2017-03-25 A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system Expired - Fee Related CN106968752B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108412574A (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-17 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) A kind of mechanical type variable valve mechanism
CN108412573A (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-17 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) A kind of mechanical type variable valve device
CN115653766A (en) * 2022-10-26 2023-01-31 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Variable compression ratio engine

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CN101619663A (en) * 2009-07-30 2010-01-06 燕山大学 Distribution cam mechanism of two-stroke and four-stroke switching internal-combustion engine
JP4539430B2 (en) * 2005-05-11 2010-09-08 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Variable valve gear
CN106762010A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-31 大连理工大学 A kind of axial displacement multi-mode lever Variabale valve actuation system

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DE4322212A1 (en) * 1993-07-03 1995-01-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Cam-controlled valve actuation for a 4-stroke/8-stroke internal combustion engine
JP4539430B2 (en) * 2005-05-11 2010-09-08 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Variable valve gear
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108412574A (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-17 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) A kind of mechanical type variable valve mechanism
CN108412573A (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-17 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) A kind of mechanical type variable valve device
CN108412574B (en) * 2018-03-05 2019-06-04 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) A kind of mechanical type variable valve mechanism
CN108412573B (en) * 2018-03-05 2019-07-09 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) A kind of mechanical type variable valve device
CN115653766A (en) * 2022-10-26 2023-01-31 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Variable compression ratio engine
CN115653766B (en) * 2022-10-26 2024-05-14 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Variable compression ratio engine

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