CN106966697B - Method for sorting coal slime to make bricks based on high-sulfur coal gangue - Google Patents
Method for sorting coal slime to make bricks based on high-sulfur coal gangue Download PDFInfo
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- CN106966697B CN106966697B CN201710271090.1A CN201710271090A CN106966697B CN 106966697 B CN106966697 B CN 106966697B CN 201710271090 A CN201710271090 A CN 201710271090A CN 106966697 B CN106966697 B CN 106966697B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/005—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing bricks by separating coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing high-sulfur coal gangue into coal gangue particles; adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp; separating the primary ore pulp by a cyclone separator; placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp; then stirring and centrifugally separating to obtain a lower-layer concentrated material; screening the lower layer concentrated material through a concentrating table; placing sewage generated by sorting by a shaking table in a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp; then stirring and centrifugally separating to obtain a lower-layer concentrated material; filtering the lower layer concentrated material by a belt filter press to prepare coal slime; and pressing and forming the coal slime into a green brick, and drying and roasting to obtain a finished brick product. The sulfur concentrate, the coal dust and the coal slime with high utilization value are separated from the high-sulfur coal gangue, and then the coal slime is used for making bricks, so that the waste is changed into valuable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal gangue utilization method, in particular to a method for making bricks by separating coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy, the coal production capacity of China is also increased year by year. The coal quantity is expected to exceed 32 hundred million tons in 2011, wherein coal gangue accounts for about 15% of the yield, and the problems of gangue accumulation and associated environmental pollution are caused. Such as: encroaching on cultivated land, air pollution by toxic and harmful gas generated by spontaneous combustion, wind erosion and dust emission, and leaching water pollution. Therefore, the reasonable utilization of the coal gangue can not only protect the environment, but also utilize valuable energy and resources which are rich in the coal gangue. The coal gangue is solid waste discharged in the coal mining process and the coal washing process, and is a black and gray rock which has lower carbon content and is harder than coal and is associated with a coal bed in the coal forming process. The main component of which is Al2O3、SiO2And in addition, Fe in different quantities2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O、K2O、P2O5、SO3And trace rare elements (gallium, vanadium, titanium, cobalt). At present, coal gangue is used for producing building materials such as refractory bricks and the like, but the added value is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low utilization rate and small value-added space of the existing high-sulfur coal gangue, and aims to provide a high-sulfur coal gangue efficient utilization processing technology, separate high-utilization-value sulfur concentrate, coal dust and coal slime from the high-sulfur coal gangue, and then directly use the coal slime as a raw material for brick making through drying and roasting treatment, wherein the processing technology is simple, and the resource utilization of high-sulfur coal gangue waste is realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for preparing the bricks by separating the coal slime based on the high-sulfur coal gangue comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, grinding: firstly, crushing and grinding the high-sulfur coal gangue to prepare coal gangue particles;
step 2, slurry preparation: adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp;
step 3, cyclone separation: separating the ore pulp by a cyclone separator;
and 4, primary concentration treatment: placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp; then, stirring, centrifuging and separating to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material;
and 5, mineral separation: screening the lower layer concentrated material through a concentrating table;
and 6, secondary concentration treatment: placing the sewage generated in the step 5 in a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp; then, stirring, centrifuging and separating to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material;
and 7, filtering: filtering the lower layer concentrated material by a belt filter press to prepare coal slime;
step 8, pressing and forming the coal slime into green bricks, and drying;
and 9, roasting the dried green bricks to obtain finished bricks.
Preferably, the particle size of the coal gangue particles is 170-325 meshes.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the primary ore pulp in the step 2 is 15% -25%, and the time for stirring after adding water into the coal gangue particles is 10-15 min.
Preferably, in the step 3, a hydrocyclone is adopted, the cone angle of the hydrocyclone is 16-18 degrees, the cone ratio is 0.50, the hydrocyclone separation pressure is 0.16MPa, and the hydrocyclone separation time is 3-5 min.
Preferably, in the step 4, the mass concentration of the secondary ore pulp is 30-60%, the height-diameter ratio of the first stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min.
Preferably, in the step 5, the lower layer concentrated material is fed into a shaking table for three-stage separation, the mass percentage concentration of the ore pulp fed by the shaking table is controlled to be 15-20%, and middling, pulverized coal and sulfur concentrate are obtained.
Preferably, in the step 6, the mass concentration of the tertiary ore pulp is 20-40%, the height-diameter ratio of the second stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 3 r/min.
Preferably, in the step 7, the lower concentrated material with the pulp mass concentration of 50-60% is filtered by a belt filter press to obtain the coal slime, and the water content of the coal slime is 15-20%.
Preferably, in the step 8, a pressure tester is adopted to press and form the brick blank under the pressure of 6-8 MPa; and the drying process specifically comprises: drying the blank body for 24-36 h at the temperature of 40-55 ℃, and then continuing drying for 3-5 h at the temperature of 2 ℃/100-120 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 9, the step of subjecting the dried green brick to a baking treatment includes: firstly heating the dried green brick to 450-550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, then adjusting the heating rate to 90 ℃/min, heating to 900-1100 ℃ for roasting for 28-30 h, and finally carrying out heat preservation for 3-5 h to obtain a finished product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the method for preparing the bricks by separating the coal slime based on the high-sulfur coal gangue has the advantages that the coal slime separated by taking the high-sulfur coal gangue as a raw material can be directly used for producing the baked bricks, waste is changed into valuable, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the national circular economy requirement is met; the coal slime separated by the coal gangue also contains more minerals such as kaolinite, has more water content, fine granularity and high viscosity, can be directly used as a raw material for manufacturing sintered bricks, and greatly improves the value-added utilization rate of the coal gangue.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for sorting coal slime to make bricks based on high-sulfur coal gangue, which comprises the following steps in sequence:
step 1, grinding: firstly, crushing and grinding the high-sulfur coal gangue to prepare coal gangue particles, wherein the particle size of the coal gangue particles is 170 meshes;
step 2, slurry preparation: adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the primary ore pulp is 25%, and the stirring time is 10-15 min after the water is added into the coal gangue particles;
step 3, cyclone separation: and separating the ore pulp by a cyclone separator. Specifically, a hydraulic cyclone separator is adopted, wherein the cone angle of the hydraulic cyclone separator is 18 degrees, the cone ratio is 0.50, the cyclone separation pressure is 0.16MPa, and the cyclone separation time is 3-5 min;
and 4, primary concentration treatment: placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the secondary ore pulp is 60%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the first stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min;
step 5, feeding the lower layer concentrated material into a shaking table for three-stage separation, controlling the mass percentage concentration of ore pulp fed by the shaking table to be 15-20%, and obtaining middling, pulverized coal and sulfur concentrate;
and 6, secondary concentration treatment: placing the sewage generated in the step 5 into a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the tertiary ore pulp is 40%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the second stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 3 r/min;
and 7, filtering: and filtering the lower concentrated material with the mass concentration of 50% of ore pulp by using a belt filter press to obtain coal slime, wherein the water content of the coal slime is 15%.
Step 8, pressing and forming the coal slime into a green brick by adopting a pressure tester under the pressure of 6 MPa; then, drying the blank body for 36h at the temperature of 40 ℃, and then continuously drying for 5h at the temperature of 2 ℃/100 ℃;
and step 9, heating the dried green brick to 450 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, adjusting the heating rate to 90 ℃/min, heating to 900 ℃ for roasting for 30h, and finally, preserving heat for 3-5 h to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
Step 1, grinding: firstly, crushing and grinding the high-sulfur coal gangue to prepare coal gangue particles, wherein the particle size of the coal gangue particles is 200 meshes;
step 2, slurry preparation: adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the primary ore pulp is 20%, and the stirring time is 10-15 min after the water is added into the coal gangue particles;
step 3, cyclone separation: and separating the ore pulp by a cyclone separator. Specifically, a hydraulic cyclone separator is adopted, wherein the cone angle of the hydraulic cyclone separator is 18 degrees, the cone ratio is 0.50, the cyclone separation pressure is 0.16MPa, and the cyclone separation time is 3-5 min;
and 4, primary concentration treatment: placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the secondary ore pulp is 50%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the first stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min;
step 5, feeding the lower layer concentrated material into a shaking table for three-stage separation, controlling the mass percentage concentration of ore pulp fed by the shaking table to be 15-20%, and obtaining middling, pulverized coal and sulfur concentrate;
step 6: secondary concentration treatment: placing the sewage generated in the step 5 into a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the tertiary ore pulp is 30%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the second stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 3 r/min;
and 7: and (3) filtering: and filtering a lower-layer concentrated material with the mass concentration of 55% of ore pulp by using a belt filter press to obtain coal slime, wherein the water content of the coal slime is 18%.
Step 8, pressing and forming the coal slime into a green brick by adopting a pressure tester under the pressure of 7 MPa; then drying the blank body for 30h at the temperature of 50 ℃, and then continuously drying for 4h at the temperature of 2 ℃/heating to 110 ℃;
and step 9, heating the dried green brick to 450-550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, adjusting the heating rate to 90 ℃/min, heating to 1000 ℃ for roasting for 29h, and finally, preserving heat for 3-5 h to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
Step 1, grinding: firstly, crushing and grinding the high-sulfur coal gangue to prepare coal gangue particles, wherein the particle size of the coal gangue particles is 230 meshes;
step 2, slurry preparation: adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the primary ore pulp is 15%, and the stirring time is 10-15 min after the water is added into the coal gangue particles;
step 3, cyclone separation: and separating the ore pulp by a cyclone separator. Specifically, a hydraulic cyclone separator is adopted, wherein the cone angle of the hydraulic cyclone separator is 16 degrees, the cone ratio is 0.50, the cyclone separation pressure is 0.16MPa, and the cyclone separation time is 3-5 min;
and 4, primary concentration treatment: placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the secondary ore pulp is 40%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the first stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min;
step 5, feeding the lower layer concentrated material into a shaking table for three-stage separation, controlling the mass percentage concentration of ore pulp fed by the shaking table to be 15-20%, and obtaining middling, pulverized coal and sulfur concentrate;
step 6: secondary concentration treatment: placing the sewage generated in the step 5 in a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the tertiary ore pulp is 25%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the second stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 3 r/min;
and 7: and (3) filtering: and filtering the lower concentrated material with the mass concentration of 60% of ore pulp by using a belt filter press to obtain coal slime, wherein the water content of the coal slime is 18%.
Step 8, pressing and forming the coal slime into a green brick by adopting a pressure tester under the pressure of 8 MPa; then drying the blank body for 24h at the temperature of 55 ℃, and then continuously drying for 3h at the temperature of 2 ℃/rising to 120 ℃;
and step 9, heating the dried green brick to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, adjusting the heating rate to 90 ℃/min, heating to 1100 ℃ for roasting for 28h, and finally, preserving heat for 3-5 h to obtain a finished product.
Example 4
Step 1, grinding: firstly, crushing and grinding the high-sulfur coal gangue to prepare coal gangue particles, wherein the particle size of the coal gangue particles is 270 meshes;
step 2, slurry preparation: adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the primary ore pulp is 15%, and the stirring time is 10-15 min after the water is added into the coal gangue particles;
step 3, cyclone separation: and separating the ore pulp by a cyclone separator. Specifically, a hydraulic cyclone separator is adopted, wherein the cone angle of the hydraulic cyclone separator is 16 degrees, the cone ratio is 0.50, the cyclone separation pressure is 0.16MPa, and the cyclone separation time is 3-5 min;
and 4, primary concentration treatment: placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the secondary ore pulp is 30%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the first stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min;
step 5, feeding the lower layer concentrated material into a shaking table for three-stage separation, controlling the mass percentage concentration of ore pulp fed by the shaking table to be 15-20%, and obtaining middling, pulverized coal and sulfur concentrate;
step 6: secondary concentration treatment: placing the sewage generated in the step 5 into a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the tertiary ore pulp is 20%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the second stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 3 r/min;
and 7: and (3) filtering: and filtering the lower concentrated material with the mass concentration of 60% of ore pulp by using a belt filter press to obtain coal slime, wherein the water content of the coal slime is 20%.
Step 8, pressing and forming the coal slime into a green brick by adopting a pressure tester under the pressure of 7 MPa; then, drying the blank body for 32h at the temperature of 50 ℃, and then continuously drying for 5h at the temperature of 2 ℃/rising to 120 ℃;
and step 9, heating the dried green brick to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, adjusting the heating rate to 90 ℃/min, heating to 1100 ℃ for roasting for 30h, and finally, preserving heat for 3-5 h to obtain a finished product.
Example 5
Step 1, grinding: firstly, crushing and grinding the high-sulfur coal gangue to prepare coal gangue particles, wherein the particle size of the coal gangue particles is 325 meshes;
step 2, slurry preparation: adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the primary ore pulp is 15%, and the stirring time is 10-15 min after the water is added into the coal gangue particles;
step 3, cyclone separation: and separating the ore pulp by a cyclone separator. Specifically, a hydraulic cyclone separator is adopted, wherein the cone angle of the hydraulic cyclone separator is 16 degrees, the cone ratio is 0.50, the cyclone separation pressure is 0.16MPa, and the cyclone separation time is 3-5 min;
and 4, primary concentration treatment: placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the secondary ore pulp is 35%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the first stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min;
step 5, feeding the lower layer concentrated material into a shaking table for three-stage separation, controlling the mass percentage concentration of ore pulp fed by the shaking table to be 15-20%, and obtaining middling, pulverized coal and sulfur concentrate;
step 6: secondary concentration treatment: placing the sewage generated in the step 5 in a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp, wherein the mass concentration of the tertiary ore pulp is 25%; then, carrying out stirring centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material, wherein the height-diameter ratio of the second stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 3 r/min;
and 7: and (3) filtering: and filtering the lower concentrated material with the mass concentration of 55% of ore pulp by using a belt filter press to obtain coal slime, wherein the water content of the coal slime is 20%.
Step 8, pressing and forming the coal slime into a green brick by adopting a pressure tester under the pressure of 7 MPa; then, drying the blank body for 32h at the temperature of 50 ℃, and then continuously drying for 5h at the temperature of 2 ℃/rising to 120 ℃;
and step 9, heating the dried green brick to 450-550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for roasting, adjusting the heating rate to 90 ℃/min, heating to 1000 ℃ for roasting for 30h, and finally, preserving heat for 3-5 h to obtain a finished product.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preparing the bricks by separating the coal slime based on the high-sulfur coal gangue is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
step 1, grinding: firstly, crushing and grinding the high-sulfur coal gangue to prepare coal gangue particles;
step 2, slurry preparation: adding water into the coal gangue particles to prepare primary ore pulp;
step 3, cyclone separation: separating the ore pulp by a cyclone separator;
and 4, primary concentration treatment: placing the upper layer light material obtained by cyclone separation into a first stirring tank, and adding water to prepare secondary ore pulp; then, stirring, centrifuging and separating to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material;
and 5, mineral separation: screening the lower layer concentrated material through a concentrating table;
and 6, secondary concentration treatment: placing the sewage generated in the step 5 in a second stirring tank, and adding water to prepare tertiary ore pulp; then, stirring, centrifuging and separating to obtain a supernatant and a lower concentrated material;
and 7, filtering: filtering the lower layer concentrated material by a belt filter press to prepare coal slime;
step 8, pressing and forming the coal slime into green bricks, and drying;
and 9, roasting the dried green bricks to obtain finished bricks.
2. The method for making bricks by separating coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the coal gangue particles is 170-325 meshes.
3. The method for making bricks by separating coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of primary ore pulp in the step 2 is 15% -25%, and the stirring time after adding water into the coal gangue particles is 10-15 min.
4. The method for making bricks by separating coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, a hydrocyclone is adopted, the cone angle of the hydrocyclone is 16-18 degrees, the cone ratio is 0.50, the hydrocyclone separation pressure is 0.16MPa, and the hydrocyclone separation time is 3-5 min.
5. The method for preparing bricks from coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue sorting based on claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the mass concentration of the secondary ore pulp is 30-60%, the height-diameter ratio of the first stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 5 r/min.
6. The method for separating the coal slime and making bricks based on the high-sulfur coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the lower concentrated material is fed into a shaking table for three-stage separation, the concentration of the ore pulp fed by the shaking table is controlled to be 15-20% by mass, and middling, pulverized coal and sulfur concentrate are obtained.
7. The method for making bricks by separating coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 6, the mass concentration of the tertiary ore pulp is 20-40%, the height-diameter ratio of the second stirring tank is 3:1, and the stirring speed is 3 r/min.
8. The method for making bricks by separating coal slime based on high-sulfur coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 7, the lower concentrated material with the pulp mass concentration of 50-60% is filtered by a belt filter press to obtain the coal slime, and the water content of the coal slime is 15-20%.
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