CN106963910A - 一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药 - Google Patents

一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药 Download PDF

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CN106963910A
CN106963910A CN201710021497.9A CN201710021497A CN106963910A CN 106963910 A CN106963910 A CN 106963910A CN 201710021497 A CN201710021497 A CN 201710021497A CN 106963910 A CN106963910 A CN 106963910A
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李国良
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Zhejiang Bai Shou Tang Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，该防治中药包含如下原料：酵素粉、金莲花、四季青、远志、百部、黄芩、乌梅、石榴皮、连翘、野菊花、大青叶、蜂胶。将本发明所制得的防治中药与鱼饲料复配用于锦锂鱼的喂养，锦锂鱼对于白云病具有完全的免疫、良好的抗病效果，其中治愈率达85％以上，此外还能增加锦锂鱼的生长速度，提高饲料的利用率。

Description

一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药
技术领域
本发明属于中医药技术领域，尤其是涉及一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药。
背景技术
当今社会养殖风盛行，锦锂鱼已成为园林水池中一种最为常见的观赏鱼。在锦锂鱼所患的常见病中，白云病是常见的鱼病之一。锦锂鱼的白云病由恶臭假单孢菌及萤光假单孢菌等革兰氏阴性杆菌所引起，患病初期可见鱼体表有点状白色粘液物附着并逐渐蔓延扩大，严重时鳞片基部充血、竖起，鳞片脱落，体表及鳍充血，肝、肾充血，锦锂鱼靠近网箱溜边不吃食，游动缓慢，不久即死。锦锂鱼的白云病一般在冬春两季发生、流行，感染迅速，传染广，死亡率高，治愈率较低。
发明人对锦锂鱼白云病进行大量的实验，筛选得一种特效防治中药。经大量的检验，该防治中药与鱼饲料一起使用对锦锂鱼白云病起到了标本兼治的作用，治愈率达到了85％以上，尤为重要是，日常使用防治中药与鱼饲料共同喂养的锦锂鱼对白云病具有非常好的免疫效果。
发明内容
针对锦锂鱼白云病易感染、治愈率较低的问题，本发明提供了一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药。
本发明是通过以下技术实现的：
一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，该防治中药包括如下原料：酵素粉、金莲花、四季青、远志、百部、黄芩、乌梅、石榴皮、连翘、野菊花、大青叶、蜂胶。
优选地，所述防治中药包括如下重量配比的原料：酵素粉3～5份、金莲花5～10份、四季青1～3份、远志5～8份、百部1～3份、黄芩10～25份、乌梅3～5份、石榴皮3～5份、连翘10～25份、野菊花1～3份、大青叶3～5份、蜂胶10～20份。
优选地，所述防治中药包括如下重量配比的原料：酵素粉4份、金莲花7份、四季青2份、远志6份、百部2份、黄芩15份、乌梅4份、石榴皮4份、连翘15份、野菊花2份、大青叶4份、蜂胶15份。
优选地，所述酵素粉包含如下重量配比的原料：苹果5～10份、梨3～5份、柑橘5～10份、芹菜1～3份、萝卜5～8份、冬瓜5～15份、茼蒿5～15份、白砂糖5～10份。
优选地，所述酵素粉的制备步骤如下：称取苹果、梨、柑橘、芹菜、萝卜、冬瓜、茼蒿，经清洗、巴氏灭菌、切碎后，置入发酵罐中，加入白砂糖，密封发酵罐且在室温条件下发酵6～8个月，200～300目下过滤并经真空冷冻干燥，制得酵素粉。
优选地，巴氏灭菌的操作如下：加热至68～70℃，保持此温度30～45分钟后，以降温速度为40～60℃/分急速冷却到3～4℃。
优选地，真空冷冻干燥的温度为-60～-40℃，真空度为-0.04～-0.02MPa，时间为120～144小时。
优选地，所述防治中药的制备方法如下：分别称取金莲花、四季青、远志、百部、黄芩、乌梅、石榴皮、连翘、野菊花、大青叶，清洗、干燥后混合，并粉碎至250～300目，加入酵素粉、蜂胶并搅拌，即得防治中药。
本发明公开的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其有益效果为：1)将防治中药与鱼饲料复配用于锦锂鱼的喂养，锦锂鱼对于白云病具有完全的免疫、良好的抗病效果；2)防治中药对恶臭假单孢菌及萤光假单孢菌等革兰氏阴性杆菌有显著的杀灭作用，锦锂鱼白云病的治愈率达85％以上，此外还能增加锦锂鱼的生长速度，提高饲料的利用率。
具体实施方式
实施例1
称取苹果5Kg、梨3Kg、柑橘5Kg、芹菜1Kg、萝卜5Kg、冬瓜5Kg、茼蒿5Kg，经清洗、巴氏灭菌、切碎后，置入发酵罐中，加入白砂糖5Kg，密封发酵罐且在室温条件下发酵6个月，200目下过滤并经真空冷冻干燥，制得酵素粉。其中，巴氏灭菌的操作如下：将各原料加热至68℃，保持此温度30分钟后，以降温速度为60℃/分急速冷却到3℃；真空冷冻干燥的温度为-60℃，真空度为-0.04MPa，时间为120小时。
分别称取金莲花5Kg、四季青1Kg、远志5Kg、百部1Kg、黄芩10Kg、乌梅3Kg、石榴皮3Kg、连翘10Kg、野菊花1Kg、大青叶3Kg，清洗、干燥后混合，并粉碎至250目后，加入酵素粉3Kg、蜂胶10Kg，搅拌均匀，即得锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药。
实施例2
称取苹果10Kg、梨5Kg、柑橘10Kg、芹菜3Kg、萝卜8Kg、冬瓜15Kg、茼蒿15Kg，经清洗、巴氏灭菌、切碎后，置入发酵罐中，加入白砂糖10Kg，密封发酵罐且在室温条件下发酵8个月，300目下过滤并经真空冷冻干燥，制得酵素粉。其中，巴氏灭菌的操作如下：将各原料加热至70℃，保持此温度45分钟后，以降温速度为40℃/分急速冷却到4℃；真空冷冻干燥的温度为-40℃，真空度为-0.02MPa，时间为144小时。
分别称取金莲花10Kg、四季青3Kg、远志8Kg、百部3Kg、黄芩25Kg、乌梅5Kg、石榴皮5Kg、连翘25Kg、野菊花3Kg、大青叶5Kg，清洗、干燥后混合，并粉碎至300目后，加入酵素粉5Kg、蜂胶20Kg，搅拌均匀，即得锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药。
实施例3
称取苹果8Kg、梨4Kg、柑橘8Kg、芹菜2Kg、萝卜7Kg、冬瓜10Kg、茼蒿10Kg，经清洗、巴氏灭菌、切碎后，置入发酵罐中，加入白砂糖8Kg，密封发酵罐且在室温条件下发酵7个月，250目下过滤并经真空冷冻干燥，制得酵素粉。其中，巴氏灭菌的操作如下：将各原料加热至69℃，保持此温度40分钟后，以降温速度为50℃/分急速冷却到4℃；真空冷冻干燥的温度为-50℃，真空度为-0.03MPa，时间为132小时。
分别称取金莲花7Kg、四季青2Kg、远志6Kg、百部2Kg、黄芩15Kg、乌梅4Kg、石榴皮4Kg、连翘15Kg、野菊花2Kg、大青叶4Kg，清洗、干燥后混合，并粉碎至300目后，加入酵素粉4Kg、蜂胶15Kg，搅拌均匀，即得锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药。
为了进一步验证本发明所制药物对锦锂鱼白云病的治疗效果，参见如下治疗锦锂鱼白云病治疗实例：
选取100条罹患白云病的锦锂鱼，随机分为对照组与实验组，每组50条。取1Kg按本发明实施例3所制得的锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药与10Kg鱼饲料混合均匀，用于喂养实验组。以不加防治中药的鱼饲料作对照组进行喂养。观察7天的罹患白云病的锦锂鱼存活情况如表1所示。
表1罹患白云病的锦锂鱼7天的存活条数
组别 第1天 第2天 第3天 第4天 第5天 第6天 第7天
对照组 50 47 36 26 16 10 6
实验组 50 48 46 45 45 45 44
由表1可以看出，对照组中，第3天罹患白云病的锦锂鱼死亡率为28％，88％锦锂鱼会在一周内死亡。由此可知，白云病是一种比较恶性的鱼类疾病，不加以治疗存活期较短。在实验组中，第3天就控制住锦锂鱼白云病，死亡率仅为8％，一周实验组锦锂鱼的存活率为88％。由以上数据可知，本发明所制得的锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药对锦锂鱼的白云病有显著的疗效。

Claims (8)

1.一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，该防治中药包括如下原料：酵素粉、金莲花、四季青、远志、百部、黄芩、乌梅、石榴皮、连翘、野菊花、大青叶、蜂胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，所述防治中药包括如下重量配比的原料：酵素粉3～5份、金莲花5～10份、四季青1～3份、远志5～8份、百部1～3份、黄芩10～25份、乌梅3～5份、石榴皮3～5份、连翘10～25份、野菊花1～3份、大青叶3～5份、蜂胶10～20份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，所述防治中药包括如下重量配比的原料：酵素粉4份、金莲花7份、四季青2份、远志6份、百部2份、黄芩15份、乌梅4份、石榴皮4份、连翘15份、野菊花2份、大青叶4份、蜂胶15份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，所述酵素粉包含如下重量配比的原料：苹果5～10份、梨3～5份、柑橘5～10份、芹菜1～3份、萝卜5～8份、冬瓜5～15份、茼蒿5～15份、白砂糖5～10份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，所述酵素粉的制备步骤如下：称取苹果、梨、柑橘、芹菜、萝卜、冬瓜、茼蒿，经清洗、巴氏灭菌、切碎后，置入发酵罐中，加入白砂糖，密封发酵罐且在室温条件下发酵6～8个月，200～300目下过滤并经真空冷冻干燥，制得酵素粉。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，巴氏灭菌的操作如下：加热至68～70℃，保持此温度30～45分钟后，以降温速度为40～60℃/分急速冷却到3～4℃。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，真空冷冻干燥的温度为-60～-40℃，真空度为-0.04～-0.02MPa，时间为120～144小时。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种锦锂鱼白云病的防治中药，其特征在于，所述防治中药的制备方法如下：分别称取金莲花、四季青、远志、百部、黄芩、乌梅、石榴皮、连翘、野菊花、大青叶，清洗、干燥后混合，并粉碎至250～300目，加入酵素粉、蜂胶并搅拌，即得防治中药。
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