CN106961984A - A kind of bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine - Google Patents
A kind of bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine Download PDFInfo
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- CN106961984A CN106961984A CN201710256085.3A CN201710256085A CN106961984A CN 106961984 A CN106961984 A CN 106961984A CN 201710256085 A CN201710256085 A CN 201710256085A CN 106961984 A CN106961984 A CN 106961984A
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- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003266 Leaf® Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000007216 Furcation Defects Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002746 orthostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000027697 autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome due to CTLA4 haploinsuffiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine, belongs to agricultural technology field.This method includes standby disk, matrix, selects seedling, cut seedling, cuttage, cultivate, send cultivation each step, carries out nursery breeding using cultivation, interception tendril, solves the problem of nutrient sweet potato organ morphology complicated difficult is to be directly used in bowl plate seeding；And from the past only focus on take root, germinate unlike, explored and innovated respectively in terms of temperature control, liquid manure supply, growth regulator, rationally having built is conducive to root tuber to be differentiated to form and suppress fibrous root, the external environment of bavin Furcation defects, therefore strong seedling cultivation is helped lend some impetus to, is conducive to the sweet potato survival and growth after transplanting and in the future high yield；The cottage method nursery for joint number of also being buried simultaneously using rationally control, it is ensured that the survival and growth of sweet potato and in the future high yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sweet potato seeding cultivating method, especially a kind of machinery that is applied to transplants operation based on sweet potato vine
Bowl seeding cultivating method, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
It is well known that sweet potato is important grain, it is also the original of starch industry, high-quality anti-cancer health-care food and novel energy
Material.Nursery is the important step that sweet potato produces, and the disease-free strong sprout of abundance is cultivated in time, meets the in good time early cultivation in production, closes
The strong requirement of reason dense planting, seedling complete stool, just can guarantee that Sweet Potato For High. yield Production.
Due to taking the sweet potato offspring segregation phenomenon of generative propagation serious, high yield and high quality requirement is not met；And sweet potato is in itself
The nutrition organs such as root tuber, stem, leaf can root, and form independent plant；Therefore it is actual in production practices only to utilize
Nutrition organs carries out nursery breeding, wherein to be carried out using root block, vegetative propagation is most commonly seen especially, its process is first to be existed with potato seed
Seedbed or nursery carry out nursery growth, and cutting seedlings is carried out after potato seedling growth grows to required standard or is lifted seedlings, crop field is then transported to and enters
Row plants operation.
According to the applicant understood, so far sweet potato transplant always mainly use artificial root-naked transplanting, mechanical root-naked transplanting by
Limit.Because the naked seedling of sweet potato has the special physiological characteristics such as branches and leaves interweave, orthostatic is poor, morphological differences is big, it is difficult to realize efficiently certainly
Dynamic seedling separation, therefore sweet potato machinery transplanting all uses semi-automatic Planting Patterns, i.e., by feeding seedling, transplanted by machine by hand.And semi-automatic shifting
Planting must be by manual sorting, hello seedling, and it is transplanted speed and improves limited than Traditional Man transplanting speed, therefore still there is efficiency
It is low, the problems such as labor intensity is big.
Pot seedling has the advantages that seedling is strong, root system is complete, slow seedling is transplanted with soil zone fertilizer, and rapid, survival rate is high, and is conducive to answering
Adverse weather is influenceed, the land use cycle can be shortened, land utilization ratio, the volume increase advantage compared with conventional seedbed system technology is improved
Substantially.In recent years, the fast development of pot seedling transplanter make it that pot seedling machine transplanting of rice technology is promoted rapidly.Publication No.
In " a kind of pot seedling transplanter " disclosed in CN201957437U Chinese patent application and Publication No. CN104782295A
A kind of " the pneumatic bowl seedling transplanter seedling taking system " of state's patent application publication describes relevant technology details.
However, because sweet potato never uses seminal propagation, nursery is carried out using climing etc the nutrition organs of root tuber, potato more numerous
Grow, and these nutrition organs complex shapes, it is impossible to it is directly used in bowl plate seeding.Therefore sweet potato pot seedling is realized using pot seedling transplanter
The machine transplanting of rice not only to have a breakthrough innovative thinking, and need to solve a series of technical problems faced.According to the applicant understood,
So far, it nobody shows any interest in.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：Some row technical problems are properly settled, a kind of seedling in earthen bowl based on sweet potato vine is proposed
Breeding method, so as to realize that the efficient transplanting of sweet potato lays the foundation by pot seedling transplanter.
For up to this purpose, applicant carried out deep comprehensive research, climing etc to be used for nursery numerous for sweet potato root tuber, potato first
The nutrition organs complex shape grown, it is necessary to carry out proper treatment.Secondly, the adventitious root occurred when the nursery of nutrient sweet potato organ is bred
Different fibrous root, Chai Gen and the root tuber of form can be divided into because of potato seedling growth quality and external environment condition, wherein only root tuber is suitable to use, because
Control external environment is needed during this nursery so that root tuber is differentiated to form.In addition, sweet potato growing method is numerous and diverse at present, wherein tiltedly
Cultivation, horizontal hydroponics and hull bottom shape hydroponics etc. are conducive to the growing method of Sweet Potato For High. yield Production, and sweet potato seedling length there are certain requirements.These
Problem is required for dealing carefully with, and is possible to realize efficient, the mechanization sweet potato potted-seedling transplanting of high yield.In further investigation and repeatedly
Grope on the basis of experiment, the bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine that applicant proposes comprises the following steps：
The first step, standby disk --- prepare to be spaced apart the alms bowl disk of cave nest, 30 ± 2mm of cave pothole mouthful diameter of phi, cave bottom diameter of phi 22
± 2, deep 40mm ± 2 in cave, and cave bottom draining aperture；
Second step, matrix --- seedling medium is inserted to each cave nest of alms bowl disk as bed soil, and pours permeable；
3rd step, select seedling --- the tendril of high-quality health is chosen in sweet potato potato seed or grown in field later stage sweet potato plant；
4th step, section seedling --- selected sweet potato vine is cut into 15~20 centimetres of length, and containing the potato of 5~8 complete stipes
Climing seedling section；
5th step, cuttage --- by the upright cuttage of potato climing seedling section in inserting in each cave nest of matrix；
6th step, culture --- temperature control make the climing seedling Duan Sheng of cuttage potato in 21~26 DEG C, holding ventilation and sufficient moisture
Root, germination；
7th step, send cultivation --- treat that the single axillary bud of the climing seedling section of cuttage potato grows 3~5 tender leafs and sends to transplanting.
Further improve of the invention includes：
In the second step, matrix admixes organic fertilizer using mellow soil, and the weight ratio of mellow soil and organic fertilizer is 10:1~3.
The climing seedling section of the potato that is intercepted in 4th step remove terminal bud and from top down four fully expanded leaves and its stem section and
All functional leafs and petiole, retain axillary bud.
Potato seedling growth of the cuttage in matrix contains 1~2 stipes in 5th step.
The 6th step mesostroma relative humidity control is 70~80%.
In 7th step, blade face is sprayed using the blade face solution for diluting 1000~1500 times before transplanting.
In addition, be spaced apart on alms bowl disk disk body for realizing the bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine of the invention
Cave nest is in up big and down small round table-like.The cave bottom of the cave nest has chamfering platform, and the bottom surface of the chamfering platform has cross flute profile
Osculum.
The present invention solves nutrient sweet potato organ morphology complicated difficult with straight using cultivating, intercepting tendril progress nursery breeding
The problem of connecing for bowl plate seeding；And from the past only focus on take root, germinate unlike, temperature control, liquid manure supply, life
Explored and innovated respectively in terms of long conditioning agent, rationally built and be conducive to root tuber to be differentiated to form and suppress fibrous root, bavin
The external environment of Furcation defects, therefore strong seedling cultivation is helped lend some impetus to, be conducive to the sweet potato survival and growth after transplanting and in the future high yield；
The cottage method nursery for joint number of also being buried simultaneously using rationally control, it is ensured that the survival and growth of sweet potato and in the future high yield.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further illustrated with preferred embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of one embodiment of the invention alms bowl disk.
Fig. 2 is that Fig. 1 embodiments look up dimensional structure diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The bowl seeding cultivating method specific implementation step based on sweet potato vine of the present embodiment is：
The first step, standby disk --- prepare the alms bowl disk shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, its width of rectangle disk body 1 315mm, long 632mm is spaced above
Distribution 8x18 amounts to 144 cave nests 2.Cave nest 2 is in up big and down small round table-like, 30 ± 2mm of pocket diameter of phi, cave bottom diameter of phi 22
± 2, deep 40mm ± 2 in cave, and cave bottom has chamfering platform 3, the bottom surface of chamfering platform 3 has cross flute profile osculum 4.
Second step, matrix --- seedling medium is inserted to each cave nest of alms bowl disk as bed soil, and pours permeable；Matrix uses nothing
The mellow soil of pest and disease damage admixes granular organic fertilizer, and the weight ratio of mellow soil and organic fertilizer is 10:Kilogram mellow soil of 1~3, i.e., every hundred admixes 10
~30 kilograms of organic fertilizers.
3rd step, select seedling --- the tendril of high-quality health is chosen in sweet potato potato seed or grown in field later stage sweet potato plant.
4th step, section seedling --- selected sweet potato vine is cut into basically identical 15~20 centimetres of length, and it is complete containing 5~8
The climing seedling section of potato of whole stipes；Remove terminal bud and from down 4 fully expanded leaves and its stem section and all functional leafs and petiole is pushed up, protect
Stay axillary bud.
5th step, cuttage --- by potato climing seedling section with the upright cuttage in morphology lower end in inserting in each cave nest of matrix；Skewer
The potato seedling growth inserted in matrix contains 1~2 stipes.
6th step, culture --- matrix and air themperature control 21~26 DEG C, discrete phase to humid control 70~
80%, ventilation and sufficient moisture are kept, the climing seedling section of cuttage potato taken root, germinateed；
7th step, send cultivation --- treat that the single axillary bud of the climing seedling section of cuttage potato grows 3~5 tender leafs and sends to transplantings, use is dilute before transplanting
The blade face solution for releasing 1000~1500 times sprays blade face.
It was verified that the present embodiment cultivates sweet potato pot seedling using the regeneration function of sweet potato vine, per cave substrate soil during transplanting
Block is separate, and potato seedling growth is highly basically identical, orthostatic is good, and branches and leaves will not be interweaved, and without artificial seedling separation, feeds seedling, energy
Quick seedling taking, transplanting at a high speed operation enough are carried out with Automatic Transplanter seedling picking mechanism or manipulator, while potato seedling growth quality is high, root
System is complete, and band soil amount is big during transplanting, and seedling-slowing stage is short after transplanting, survival rate is high, to striving for that High Yielding Heterosis is obvious.Further, since can
Using the sweet potato vine nursery of Later growth, to greatly reduce the consumption of potato seed.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first step, standby disk --- prepare to be spaced apart the alms bowl disk of cave nest；
Second step, matrix --- seedling medium is inserted to each cave nest of alms bowl disk as bed soil, and pours permeable；
3rd step, select seedling --- the tendril of high-quality health is chosen in sweet potato potato seed or grown in field later stage sweet potato plant；
4th step, section seedling --- selected sweet potato vine is cut into 15~20 centimetres of length, and containing the potato of 5~8 complete stipes
Climing seedling section；
5th step, cuttage --- by the upright cuttage of potato climing seedling section in inserting in each cave nest of matrix；
6th step, culture --- temperature control make the climing seedling Duan Sheng of cuttage potato in 21~26 DEG C, holding ventilation and sufficient moisture
Root, germination；
7th step, send cultivation --- treat that the single axillary bud of the climing seedling section of cuttage potato grows 3~5 tender leafs and sends to transplanting.
2. the bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the second step,
Matrix admixes organic fertilizer using mellow soil, and the weight ratio of mellow soil and organic fertilizer is 10:1~3.
3. the bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Cut in 4th step
The climing seedling section of potato taken removes terminal bud and from down four fully expanded leaves and its stem section and all functional leafs and petiole is pushed up, and retains armpit
Bud.
4. the bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Skewer in 5th step
The potato seedling growth inserted in matrix contains 1~2 stipes.
5. the bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Base in 6th step
Matter relative humidity is controlled 70~80%.
6. the bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In 7th step,
Before transplanting blade face is sprayed using the blade face solution for diluting 1000~1500 times.
7. the alms bowl disk for realizing any bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine of claim 1 to 6, its feature exists
In：The cave nest being spaced apart on disk body is in up big and down small round table-like.
8. alms bowl disk according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the cave bottom of the cave nest has chamfering platform, the chamfering platform
Bottom surface has cross flute profile osculum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710256085.3A CN106961984A (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710256085.3A CN106961984A (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine |
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| CN106961984A true CN106961984A (en) | 2017-07-21 |
Family
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| CN201710256085.3A Pending CN106961984A (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2017-04-19 | A kind of bowl seeding cultivating method based on sweet potato vine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115644063A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 青岛农业大学 | Rapid propagation method of virus-free raw seedling of sweet potato |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115644063A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 青岛农业大学 | Rapid propagation method of virus-free raw seedling of sweet potato |
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