CN106956427A - A kind of large-scale material squash type 3D printer - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale material squash type 3D printer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106956427A CN106956427A CN201610142604.9A CN201610142604A CN106956427A CN 106956427 A CN106956427 A CN 106956427A CN 201610142604 A CN201610142604 A CN 201610142604A CN 106956427 A CN106956427 A CN 106956427A
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- Prior art keywords
- door frame
- belt translation
- moved
- movable door
- extrusion head
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007115 recruitment Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2055/00—Use of specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2023/00 - B29K2049/00, e.g. having a vinyl group, as moulding material
- B29K2055/02—ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large-scale material squash type 3D printer, formable large-sized working of plastics, compact conformation, good rigidity, durable in use, drip molding surface quality are good.Its technical scheme is：This printer realizes that Y-direction is moved using movable door frame, the technical grade cylinder spherical guide supported with total length is oriented to, moved with the Z-direction of the cog belt driving moved cross beam with mass balance system, the glass plate that substrate is heated using the hott bed of medium-density plate or circulation thermostatted water (oil).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D printer, more particularly to a kind of large-scale material squash type 3D printer.
Background technology
Material squash type 3D printer is also known as melt extruded formula (FDM) 3D printer, this 3D printing
Machine need not be using expensive devices such as laser, scanning galvanometer, piezoelectric type shower nozzles, and structure is more succinct, shapes material
Material is relatively cheap, is widely used in the 3D printing shaping of small-medium size working of plastics, also begins to be used for big chi in recent years
The 3D printing shaping of very little working of plastics.
The usual structure of current material squash type 3D printer as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the material of said structure
There is problems with squash type 3D printer：
(1) in structure shown in Fig. 1, extrusion head 107 is recruitment with respect to the Y-direction motion of workbench 109
Make the motion of platform to realize, when the Y-direction size of required printing working of plastics is larger, before working table movement,
Extreme position will necessarily cause the appearance and size of printer Y-direction very huge well beyond the scope of frame 115 afterwards
It is big, it is necessary to very big erection space.
(2) in structure shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, X, Y and Z-direction are all using the cylinder of only two supports
Guide rail 105,104,206,204,210 is oriented to, when the size of required printing working of plastics is larger, two supportings
Between distance increase, necessarily cause the insufficient rigidity of guide rail, the dimensional accuracy of serious reduction printout, surface product
The service life of matter and printer.
In structure shown in Fig. 2, extrusion head 203 is to use extrusion head with respect to the Y-direction motion of workbench 207
Move to realize, although the cephalomotor forward and backward extreme position of extruding is without departing from the scope of frame 209,
Because Y-direction is still oriented to using the cylindrical guide 204 of only two supports, therefore this structure is not applied to yet
In the printing larger-size working of plastics of Y-direction.
(3) in structure shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Z of the extrusion head 107,203 with respect to workbench 109,207
Direction motion is to be driven with motor by ball-screw 102,113,208, when required printing working of plastics
When X-direction size is smaller, it is only necessary to which the driving of a set of ball-screw 208 can (Fig. 2)；When required printing working of plastics
X-direction and Z-direction size it is larger when, then need two sets to be respectively placed in the arranged on left and right sides of moved cross beam 103
The very long driving of ball-screw 102,113 (Fig. 1), causes structure numerous and jumbled, but also must make drive screw
Two motors 101,114 stringent synchronizations operation, otherwise moved cross beam 103 can be tilted, or even stuck.
(4) when carrying out material extruding printing, the substrate on general work platform needs heating, is otherwise difficult to make printing
The bottom surface of part is bonded on substrate securely, and buckling deformation easily occurs for printout.The heater of substrate is usual
It is electrothermal device, with thermocouple temperature measurement and temperature controller temperature control.When the X-direction and the chi of Y-direction of required printout
When very little larger, the area of required substrate is very big, and electrothermal device is difficult to cover the substrate of large area, the number of thermocouple
Amount and point for measuring temperature are limited, and the radiating condition difference at substrate center and edge is very big, so as to cause different positions on substrate
The temperature difference put is very big, and temperature is difficult to stabilization, or even relatively thin substrate is occurred warpage, and this can seriously undermine substrate
With the bonding between printout bottom surface, printing thickness fluctuation is caused, printout surface quality is reduced.
The content of the invention
The brief overview of one or more aspects given below is to provide to the basic comprehension in terms of these.This general introduction
The extensive overview of the not all aspect contemplated, and be both not intended to identify the key of all aspects or determine
The qualitative key element also non-scope attempted to define in terms of any or all.Its unique purpose be will in simplified form to
Some concepts for going out one or more aspects think the sequence of more detailed description given later.
It is an object of the invention to solve the above problems there is provided a kind of large-scale material squash type 3D printer,
Formable large-sized working of plastics, compact conformation, good rigidity is durable in use, and drip molding surface quality is good.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of this case is：Extruded present invention is disclosed a kind of large-scale material
Formula 3D printer, including：
Extrusion head, is sent into, heats and extrusion plastic silk material；
X-direction motion, makes extrusion head realize that the X-direction of relative workbench is moved；
Y-direction motion, makes extrusion head realize that the Y-direction of relative workbench is moved；
Z-direction motion, makes extrusion head realize that the Z-direction of relative workbench is moved；
Workbench, supporting and heating printout；
Support, supports 3D printer；
Control system, the X-direction motion of control 3D printer, Y-direction motion, Z-direction motion, extruding
The heating of head and material extrusion action, the heating of the substrate of workbench.
According to an embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention, the Y-direction motion
Including：First stepping motor, the first synchronizing shaft, the first toothed synchronous V belt translation, the first cylinder spherical guide,
Movable door frame, support frame, wherein：
First stepping motor, the shell of the first stepping motor is fixed on support, and the first stepping is electronic
The output shaft of machine is engaged by the belt wheel of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation with the Timing Belt of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation,
For driving Y-direction to move；
First synchronizing shaft, the left and right two ends of the first synchronizing shaft are connected with the first toothed synchronous V belt translation respectively,
For ensureing that the left and right two ends of door frame are synchronized with the movement；
The first toothed synchronous V belt translation, the input belt wheel of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation and the first stepping electricity
The output shaft of motivation is connected, and the output end of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation passes through sliding block, support frame and movable door frame
It is connected, the Y-direction translational motion for the rotation of stepping motor being transmitted, being converted to extrusion head；
The first cylinder spherical guide, the first cylinder spherical guide total length is supported on the aluminium section bar of support, the
The guide pass of one cylinder spherical guide and the sliding block being fixed under support frame coordinate, the precision moved for Y-direction
It is oriented to；
The movable door frame, movable door frame is used for support movable crossbeam and Z-direction motion, and in the Y direction
Moved cross beam is driven to be moved with extrusion head；
It is connected before support frame as described above, support frame with movable door frame, passes through sliding block and Y side below support frame
Direction guiding rail coordinates, the motion for transmitting Y-direction, the rigidity and kinetic stability of increase activity door frame.
According to an embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention, the movable door frame is by left work
It is connected behind dynamic door frame, right movable door frame and connecting plate composition, movable door frame with support frame, movable door frame
Upper end to be installed and install Z-direction motion guide rail before Z-direction motion stepping motor, movable door frame, is driven and is squeezed
Pressure head is moved with respect to workbench along Y-direction.
According to an embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention, the Z-direction motion
Including：Second stepping motor, the second synchronizing shaft, the second toothed synchronous V belt translation, the second cylinder spherical guide,
Moved cross beam, steel wire rope, pulley, counterpoise, sleeve pipe, wherein：
Second stepping motor, the shell of the second stepping motor is fixed on movable door frame top, second step
The output shaft for entering motor is synchronous with the second toothed synchronous V belt translation by the belt wheel of the second toothed synchronous V belt translation
Band engagement, for driving Z-direction to move；
Second synchronizing shaft, the left and right two ends of the second synchronizing shaft are connected with the second toothed synchronous V belt translation respectively,
For ensureing that the left and right two ends of moved cross beam are synchronized with the movement；
The second toothed synchronous V belt translation, the input belt wheel of the second toothed synchronous V belt translation and the second stepping electricity
The output shaft of motivation is connected, and the output end of the second toothed synchronous V belt translation is connected by sliding block with crossbeam, for inciting somebody to action
The rotation transmission of second stepping motor, the Z-direction translational motion for being converted to extrusion head；
The second cylinder spherical guide, the second cylinder spherical guide total length is supported on the aluminium section bar of movable door frame,
The guide pass of second cylinder spherical guide and the sliding block being fixed on moved cross beam coordinate, and are moved for Z-direction
Precision is oriented to；
The moved cross beam, the left and right two ends of moved cross beam are coordinated by sliding block and Z-direction motion guide rail respectively,
Also it is connected by steel wire rope with counterpoise, for installing extrusion head and X-direction V belt translation；
The steel wire rope, steel wire rope respectively has one in the left and right of moved cross beam, one end of steel wire rope and movable transverse
Beam is connected, and the other end bypasses pulley and is connected with counterpoise, for the connection between moved cross beam and counterpoise；
The wheel seat of the pulley is fixed on the connecting plate of movable door frame, the guiding for steel wire rope；
The counterpoise, the upper end of counterpoise is connected with steel wire rope, and the lower end of counterpoise is naturally drooped,
Quality for balancing activity crossbeam, extrusion head and X-direction motion；
Described sleeve pipe, the shell of sleeve pipe is fixed on support frame, and the endoporus of sleeve pipe is used for the upper and lower of counterpoise
Motion guide.
According to an embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention, the workbench includes：Base
Plate, hott bed, pedestal.Wherein：
The substrate, is fixed on hott bed, and the upper surface of substrate is contacted with printout bottom surface, for supporting,
Bond printout；
The hott bed, on pedestal, under substrate, for heating substrate, printout and printer shaping
Space；
The pedestal, on support, under hott bed, for supporting hott bed.
According to an embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention, when printing PLA working of plastics,
The substrate is medium-density plate；When printing ABS plastic part, the substrate is glass plate.
According to an embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention, hott bed includes：Snakelike red copper
Pipe, fin, framework, constant temperature water tank and temperature controller.
Present invention contrast prior art has following beneficial effect：The large-scale material squash type 3D printing of the present invention
Machine, realizes that Y-direction is moved using movable door frame, the technical grade cylinder spherical guide supported with total length is oriented to, uses
The Z-direction motion of cog belt driving moved cross beam with mass balance system, substrate uses medium-density plate or stream
The glass plate of the hott bed heating of logical thermostatted water (oil).Take after above-mentioned measure, this formable big chi of printer
Very little working of plastics, compact conformation, good rigidity is durable in use, and drip molding surface quality is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows a kind of schematic diagram of existing material squash type 3D printer.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of existing another material squash type 3D printer.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the hott bed schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention.
Embodiment
After the detailed description of embodiment of the disclosure is read in conjunction with the following drawings, this hair better understood when
Bright features described above and advantage.In the accompanying drawings, each component is not necessarily drawn to scale, and with similar
The component of correlation properties or feature may have same or like reference.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 3 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 the invention will be further described.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of structural representation of the embodiment of large-scale material squash type 3D printer of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 3, the printer of the present embodiment by extrusion head 319, X-direction motion, Y-direction motion,
Z-direction motion, workbench, support and control system etc. are constituted.
Wherein, extrusion head 319 includes：A pair of disk rollers 321, electric heater 322, thermocouple 317 and nozzle 320.
Disk roller 321 is located at the top of extrusion head 319, makes the grip plastic of two disk roller 321 by spring (not shown)
Silk 332, with stepping motor (not shown) drive roller wheel 321, sends plastic wire 332 into extrusion head
319 and make its from extrusion head extrude.Electric heater 322 is located in extrusion head 319, for heating of plastic silk 332,
Become molten state.In the insertion extrusion head 319 of thermocouple 317, the temperature for measuring extrusion head 319.
Nozzle 320 is exported positioned at the lower end of extrusion head 319, is connected by the screw thread on top with extrusion head 319, melting
Plastics are flowed out by the endoporus of nozzle 320, the external diameter for controlling extrusion plastic silk.
X-direction motion includes：Stepping motor 313, toothed synchronous V belt translation 312 and 318, cylinder rolling
Pearl guide rail 328.The shell of stepping motor 313 is fixed on moved cross beam 329, stepping motor 313
Output shaft is engaged by the belt wheel of toothed synchronous V belt translation 312 with Timing Belt, and the output shaft of V belt translation 312 is band
Belt wheel on the input shaft of transmission 318, this axle is engaged with Timing Belt.The output end of V belt translation 318 is with being fixed on
Sliding block (not shown) on extrusion head 319 is connected, for the rotation of stepping motor 313 to be transmitted,
Be converted to the X-direction translational motion of extrusion head 319.The total length of cylinder spherical guide 328 is supported on moved cross beam 329
Aluminium section bar on, guide pass and the sliding block that is fixed on extrusion head 319 coordinate, the precision moved for X-direction
It is oriented to.
Y-direction motion includes：Stepping motor 308, toothed synchronous V belt translation 309 and 310, synchronizing shaft
307th, cylinder spherical guide 315, movable door frame 336, support frame 306.The shell of stepping motor 308 is consolidated
Be scheduled on support 314, the output shaft of stepping motor 308 by the belt wheel of toothed synchronous V belt translation 309 with it is same
Step band engagement, the output shaft of toothed synchronous V belt translation 309 is the input shaft on toothed synchronous V belt translation 310 (right side),
Toothed synchronous V belt translation 310 (right side) passes through sliding block 311, support frame 306 (right side) and movable door frame 336 (right side)
It is connected.Moreover, the input shaft of toothed synchronous V belt translation 310 (right side) is connected with synchronizing shaft 307, pass through synchronization
The driving toothed synchronous V belt translation 310 of axle 307 (left side), then by sliding block 339, support frame 306 (left side) with living
Dynamic door frame 336 (left side) is connected, so that in the synchronous driving activity door frame 336 in left and right two ends and extrusion head 319
Make Y-direction motion.The total length of cylinder spherical guide 315 is supported on the aluminium section bar of support 314, guide pass with
The sliding block 311 being fixed under support frame coordinates, the accurate guiding moved for Y-direction.Movable door frame 336
Be connected below with support frame 306, upper end install Z-direction motion stepping motor 301, before Z-direction is installed
Motion guide rail 305, for support movable crossbeam 329 and Z-direction motion, and drive activity in the Y direction
Crossbeam 329 is moved with extrusion head 319.It is connected before support frame 306 with movable door frame 336, below by
Sliding block 311,339 coordinates with Y-direction guide rail 315, the motion for transmitting Y-direction, increase activity door frame
336 rigidity and kinetic stability.
Z-direction motion includes：Stepping motor 301, toothed synchronous V belt translation 302 and 304, synchronizing shaft
338th, cylinder spherical guide 305, moved cross beam 329, steel wire rope 335, pulley 337, counterpoise 334,
Sleeve pipe 333.The shell of stepping motor 301 is fixed on the upper right quarter of movable door frame 336, stepping motor 301
Output shaft engaged by the belt wheel of toothed synchronous V belt translation 302 with Timing Belt, toothed synchronous V belt translation 302
Output shaft is the input shaft on toothed synchronous V belt translation 304 (right side), and toothed synchronous V belt translation 304 (right side) passes through cunning
Block 316 is connected with the right-hand member of moved cross beam 329.Moreover, the input shaft of toothed synchronous V belt translation 304 (right side)
It is connected with synchronizing shaft 338, toothed synchronous V belt translation 304 (left side) is driven by synchronizing shaft 338, then pass through sliding block
340 are connected with the left end of moved cross beam 329, so that in synchronously driving crossbeam 329 living and the extruding of left and right two ends
First 319 make Z-direction motion.The total length of cylinder spherical guide 305 is supported on the aluminium section bar of movable door frame 336,
Guide pass and the sliding block 316,340 being fixed on moved cross beam 329 coordinate, the precision moved for Z-direction
It is oriented to.Moved cross beam 329 is also connected by left and right each steel cable 335 with counterpoise 334.Steel wire
Rope 335 moved cross beam 329 it is left and right respectively have one (only do not shown in figure the steel wire rope of right-hand member, pulley,
Counterpoise and sleeve pipe), one end of steel wire rope 335 is connected with moved cross beam 329, and the other end bypasses pulley 337
It is connected with counterpoise 334, for the connection between moved cross beam 329 and counterpoise 334.Pulley 337
Wheel seat be fixed on the connecting plate 331 of movable door frame 336, the guiding for steel wire rope 335.Counterpoise
334 upper end is connected with steel wire rope 335, and lower end is naturally drooped, for balancing activity crossbeam 329, extrusion head
The quality of 319 and X-direction motion etc..The shell of sleeve pipe 333 is fixed on support frame 306, and endoporus is used
In the upper and lower motion guide of counterpoise 334.The gross mass of left and right 334 yards of weight of balance is about moved cross beam
329th, extrusion head 319 and gross mass from X to motion etc. 90%, can after counterpoise 334
Greatly reduce the inertia and required driving force of Z-direction motion, overcome counter motion gap, improve Z-direction motion
Stationarity, printout dimensional accuracy and surface quality, it is ensured that under powering-off state moved cross beam and extrusion head not under
It is sliding.
Workbench 326 includes：Substrate 323, hott bed 325, pedestal 324.Substrate 323 is fixed on hott bed 325
On, the upper surface of substrate 323 is contacted with printout bottom surface, for supporting, printout is bonded, when use
When printed material is PLA (PLA) silk, substrate 323 makes of medium-density plate；When the printed material of use
During for ABS engineering plastics silk, substrate 323 makes of Pyrex, and is heated with hott bed 325, to avoid
Printout buckling deformation.Hott bed 325 (Fig. 4) is located under substrate 323, is fixed on pedestal 324, is used for
Substrate 323, printout and formingspace are heated, hott bed 325 is by snakelike copper tube 403, fin 404, frame
Frame 413, constant temperature water tank 407 and temperature controller 408 etc. are constituted, and the water (or oil) 410 in water tank uses electric heater
409 heating and the thermometric of thermocouple 411, with the temperature control of temperature controller 408, are heated to the water (oil) 410 of required temperature
The snakelike copper tube 403 flowed into by water pump 406, water inlet pipe 405, water inlet 412 in framework 413, hot water (oil)
Heat in 410 is distributed through copper tube 403, fin 404, glass substrate 323, printout and printing
Machine formingspace.Pedestal 324 is located on support 314, under hott bed 325, for supporting hott bed 325.
Support 314 is used to support 3D printer.
Control system (not shown) is for controlling the X-direction of 3D printer to move, Y-direction is moved, Z
Direction motion, the heating of extrusion head and material extrusion action, the heating of substrate.
During the 3D printer work of the present invention, according to the working of plastics 3D graphics requests of required printing, in control system
Under the control of system, the plastic wire in heating extrusion head 319 is to molten state, and Z-direction motion makes extrusion head 319
The convergence substrate 323 of nozzle 320 upper surface, by the nozzle 320 of extrusion head 319 extrude melting silk material apply
Overlay on substrate 323, at the same time, X-direction motion and Y-direction motion make the edge of extrusion head 319
The X-Y sectional views track motion of printout, prints a layer cross section of required working of plastics on substrate 323,
Then, Z-direction motion makes the nozzle 320 of extrusion head 319 rise a layer thickness, prints next layer of plastics
The section of part, is so repeated, and is completed until three-dimensional plastic part is printed.
The 3D printer that the invention described above is provided is compared with 3D printer conventional shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, have with
Lower novelty and creativeness：(1) drive extrusion head to move with movable door frame, realize extrusion head with respect to workbench
Y-direction is moved, workbench transfixion, when the Y-direction size of required printing working of plastics is larger, Bu Huiyin
The motion of workbench and the appearance and size for increasing printer Y-direction.(2) X, Y and Z-direction all use total length
The technical grade cylindrical guide of supporting is oriented to, rather than only the guide rail of two supports is oriented to, when required printing plastics
When the size of part is larger, guide rail still has enough rigidity, is conducive to improving dimensional accuracy, the surface product of printout
The service life of matter and printer.(3) motion of Z-direction is driven by tooth form synchronous belt, is reduced with counterpoise
The motional inertia and required driving force of moved cross beam and extrusion head, when the size of required printing working of plastics is larger,
It need not be driven with 2 sets of very long ball-screws, it is simple in construction, compact.(4) when printing ABS plastic part, use
The hott bed of circulation hot water (oil) heats the glass substrate of large area, because thermal capacity is big, temperature stabilization, works as institute
Need to print working of plastics size it is larger when, the temperature at each position of substrate is uniform, fluctuates small, moreover it is possible to make formingspace
Heated heating, the large-scale ABS plastic part of printing is not susceptible to buckling deformation, and surface quality is good.
Therefore, the material squash type that the 3D printer that the present invention is provided is particularly suitable for large-scale plastics article is printed as
Shape.
Above-described embodiment be available to those of ordinary skill in the art realize or using the present invention, this area is general
Logical technical staff can make various modifications or change to above-described embodiment in the case where not departing from inventive concept,
Thus protection scope of the present invention is not limited by above-described embodiment, and should be met claims and be mentioned
The maximum magnitude of inventive features.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of large-scale material squash type 3D printer, it is characterised in that including：
Extrusion head, is sent into, heats and extrusion plastic silk material；
X-direction motion, makes extrusion head realize that the X-direction of relative workbench is moved；
Y-direction motion, makes extrusion head realize that the Y-direction of relative workbench is moved；
Z-direction motion, makes extrusion head realize that the Z-direction of relative workbench is moved；
Workbench, supporting and heating printout；
Support, supports 3D printer；
Control system, the X-direction motion of control 3D printer, Y-direction motion, Z-direction motion, extruding
The heating of head and material extrusion action, the heating of the substrate of workbench.
2. large-scale material squash type 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Y
Direction motion includes：First stepping motor, the first synchronizing shaft, the first toothed synchronous V belt translation, first
Cylinder spherical guide, movable door frame, support frame, wherein：
First stepping motor, the shell of the first stepping motor is fixed on support, and the first stepping is electronic
The output shaft of machine is engaged by the belt wheel of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation with the Timing Belt of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation,
For driving Y-direction to move；
First synchronizing shaft, the left and right two ends of the first synchronizing shaft are connected with the first toothed synchronous V belt translation respectively,
For ensureing that the left and right two ends of door frame are synchronized with the movement；
The first toothed synchronous V belt translation, the input belt wheel of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation and the first stepping electricity
The output shaft of motivation is connected, and the output end of the first toothed synchronous V belt translation passes through sliding block, support frame and movable door frame
It is connected, the Y-direction translational motion for the rotation of stepping motor being transmitted, being converted to extrusion head；
The first cylinder spherical guide, the first cylinder spherical guide total length is supported on the aluminium section bar of support, the
The guide pass of one cylinder spherical guide and the sliding block being fixed under support frame coordinate, the precision moved for Y-direction
It is oriented to；
The movable door frame, movable door frame is used for support movable crossbeam and Z-direction motion, and in the Y direction
Moved cross beam is driven to be moved with extrusion head；
It is connected before support frame as described above, support frame with movable door frame, passes through sliding block and Y side below support frame
Direction guiding rail coordinates, the motion for transmitting Y-direction, the rigidity and kinetic stability of increase activity door frame.
3. large-scale material squash type 3D printer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the work
Dynamic door frame is made up of left movable door frame, right movable door frame and connecting plate, is connected behind movable door frame with support frame,
Installation Z-direction motion before Z-direction motion stepping motor, movable door frame is installed and led in the upper end of movable door frame
Rail, drives extrusion head to be moved with respect to workbench along Y-direction.
4. large-scale material squash type 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Z
Direction motion includes：Second stepping motor, the second synchronizing shaft, the second toothed synchronous V belt translation, second
Cylinder spherical guide, moved cross beam, steel wire rope, pulley, counterpoise, sleeve pipe, wherein：
Second stepping motor, the shell of the second stepping motor is fixed on movable door frame top, second step
The output shaft for entering motor is synchronous with the second toothed synchronous V belt translation by the belt wheel of the second toothed synchronous V belt translation
Band engagement, for driving Z-direction to move；
Second synchronizing shaft, the left and right two ends of the second synchronizing shaft are connected with the second toothed synchronous V belt translation respectively,
For ensureing that the left and right two ends of moved cross beam are synchronized with the movement；
The second toothed synchronous V belt translation, the input belt wheel of the second toothed synchronous V belt translation and the second stepping electricity
The output shaft of motivation is connected, and the output end of the second toothed synchronous V belt translation is connected by sliding block with crossbeam, for inciting somebody to action
The rotation transmission of second stepping motor, the Z-direction translational motion for being converted to extrusion head；
The second cylinder spherical guide, the second cylinder spherical guide total length is supported on the aluminium section bar of movable door frame,
The guide pass of second cylinder spherical guide and the sliding block being fixed on moved cross beam coordinate, and are moved for Z-direction
Precision is oriented to；
The moved cross beam, the left and right two ends of moved cross beam are coordinated by sliding block and Z-direction motion guide rail respectively,
Also it is connected by steel wire rope with counterpoise, for installing extrusion head and X-direction V belt translation；
The steel wire rope, steel wire rope respectively has one in the left and right of moved cross beam, one end of steel wire rope and movable transverse
Beam is connected, and the other end bypasses pulley and is connected with counterpoise, for the connection between moved cross beam and counterpoise；
The wheel seat of the pulley is fixed on the connecting plate of movable door frame, the guiding for steel wire rope；
The counterpoise, the upper end of counterpoise is connected with steel wire rope, and the lower end of counterpoise is naturally drooped,
Quality for balancing activity crossbeam, extrusion head and X-direction motion；
Described sleeve pipe, the shell of sleeve pipe is fixed on support frame, and the endoporus of sleeve pipe is used for the upper and lower of counterpoise
Motion guide.
5. large-scale material squash type 3D printer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the work
Include as platform：Substrate, hott bed, pedestal.Wherein：
The substrate, is fixed on hott bed, and the upper surface of substrate is contacted with printout bottom surface, for supporting,
Bond printout；
The hott bed, on pedestal, under substrate, for heating substrate, printout and printer shaping
Space；
The pedestal, on support, under hott bed, for supporting hott bed.
6. large-scale material squash type 3D printer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in printing
During PLA working of plastics, the substrate is medium-density plate；When printing ABS plastic part, the substrate is glass plate.
7. large-scale material squash type 3D printer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that hott bed bag
Include：Snakelike copper tube, fin, framework, constant temperature water tank and temperature controller.
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| CN201610142604.9A CN106956427B (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2016-03-14 | A kind of large size material squash type 3D printer |
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| CN201610142604.9A CN106956427B (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2016-03-14 | A kind of large size material squash type 3D printer |
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| TWI644785B (en) * | 2017-10-06 | 2018-12-21 | 元力智庫有限公司 | A continuous 3d printer |
| TWI645956B (en) * | 2017-10-06 | 2019-01-01 | 元力智庫有限公司 | 3d printer |
| EP3640008A1 (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-22 | Basf Se | 3d printer, in which a movable mechanism is used to reduce vibrations |
| CN115256593A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-01 | 南京理工大学 | Building material alternating concrete 3D printing device and printing method |
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| CN106956427B (en) | 2019-11-26 |
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