CN106954404B - Local isolating device in saline soil area - Google Patents
Local isolating device in saline soil area Download PDFInfo
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- CN106954404B CN106954404B CN201710279329.XA CN201710279329A CN106954404B CN 106954404 B CN106954404 B CN 106954404B CN 201710279329 A CN201710279329 A CN 201710279329A CN 106954404 B CN106954404 B CN 106954404B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a local isolation device for greening plant planting areas in saline soil areas, which comprises an isolation layer capable of preventing salt from permeating upwards and arranged horizontally, wherein a peripheral layer capable of preventing salt from permeating is arranged above the isolation layer, the peripheral layer is perpendicular to the isolation layer, the lower edge of the peripheral layer is hermetically connected with the isolation layer, and the peripheral layer is hermetically connected with the isolation layer end to end in the horizontal direction so as to form a structure with an opening at the top, and the periphery and the bottom are sealed. The isolation device can replace in-situ saline soil with planting soil in a local area of a saline soil area, the replaced planting soil is not salted, any landscaping plant which is easily damaged by salt can be planted in the saline soil area, and the diversity of the landscaping plant and landscape in the saline soil area is enriched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a local isolation device for greening plant planting areas in saline soil areas, in particular to a device for replacing in-situ saline soil with planting soil in local areas of saline soil areas and isolating the periphery and the bottom of the local areas, and belongs to the technical field of saline soil improvement and greening construction.
Background
The saline soil, particularly the coastal saline soil, has short land forming time, poor soil structure, low organic matter content, generally higher shallow underground water level, high salt content, strong change of salt along with water movement and large annual change of salt, so that landscaping plants can survive by improving the saline soil when landscaping is carried out in coastal saline soil areas. The conventional saline soil improvement mainly comprises the following two technologies:
soil improvement measures for the purpose of improving soil and adapting trees. By using engineering measures such as fresh water salt washing, underground pipe alkali discharge, ditching and salt discharge and the like, the underground water level can be reduced, the soil salinity is reduced, and some side effects are brought. For example, in the method of washing and discharging salt by using fresh water, besides removing Na + and Cl-ions, some essential minerals of plants in the soil are also removed, and the method is high in cost and limited by fresh water resources.
The saline soil is used for biological improvement aiming at selecting proper soil for trees. Screening and cultivating different salt-tolerant plants to adapt to different saline soil. Domestic and foreign research shows that biological improvement measures are the best way to develop and utilize saline soil, but the process needs a long time.
At present, the coastal greening technology in the north of China mainly comprises salt discharge facilities, terrain elevation, organic fertilizer improvement, artificial soil development by using wastes and the like, and the coastal greening technology in the south mainly comprises the steps of constructing a water and salt discharge system by taking measures of raising the terrain according to local conditions, reducing the underground water level of an area and the like, a soil dressing method, a bottom isolation measure for preventing salt return, comprehensive utilization of wastes and improvement of saline soil and the like.
The coastal areas have high social and economic development level, particularly coastal economic industrial zones such as a new city, an industrial park, a development area and the like are gradually formed in coastal recent landed areas, and an first-class ecological environment is required for supporting. The salinized soil in the coastal areas has different salt contents due to different land forming time. The landscaping of large-area saline soil needs to be improved, an economic sustainable ecological improvement technology is a scientific choice, but local improvement needs to be carried out on some important areas (namely local areas) to meet the growth of landscape nursery stocks (or gardening varieties), and the special requirement for building beautiful ecological environment is met.
At present, landscape seedlings (or gardening varieties) are planted in some important areas (namely local areas) after measures such as artificial planting soil replacement of original soil, auxiliary elevation of landform, bottom isolation and the like are taken. Although landscape nursery stocks (or garden varieties) can survive, after a period of time, the plants generally have the phenomena of slow growth, growth stoppage and even death, and the replaced artificial planting soil is also salted gradually, and the main reason is that the construction process of vertical isolation is lacked because the periphery of a local area is not vertically isolated, so that the salt in the saline soil area transversely seeps into the artificial planting soil in the local area, and secondary salting is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the isolating device which can replace in-situ saline soil with planting soil in a local area of a saline soil area and prevent the replaced planting soil from being salted. In addition, the invention also provides a method for planting green plants in the saline soil area by adopting the isolation device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a local isolating device in salinized soil district, is including the isolation layer that can prevent upwards infiltration of salinity, level setting, the top of isolation layer is equipped with can prevent the infiltration of salinity's peripherad, the peripherad perpendicular to the isolation layer just the lower limb of peripherad with isolation layer sealing connection, thereby the horizontal direction head and the tail sealing connection of peripherad with the isolation layer constitutes the top and is equipped with the opening, all around and bottom seal's structure.
According to the local isolation device for the salinized soil area, the isolation layer is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the local isolation device, the upward action of soil capillaries can be blocked, salt is prevented from moving upwards along with transpiration and evaporation, the bidirectional movement of the salt is changed into unidirectional movement, the peripheral layer perpendicular to the isolation layer is arranged above the isolation layer, the salt of the peripheral salinized soil can be prevented from transversely permeating into the local area, planting soil can be placed in the structure formed by the peripheral layer and the isolation layer, the top of the structure is provided with the opening, the periphery and the bottom of the structure are sealed, and the planting soil can be used for planting green plants, so that the in-situ salinized soil can be replaced by the planting soil in the local area of the salinized soil area, and the replaced planting soil cannot be salinized.
As a preferred embodiment of the local isolation device for the saline soil area, the isolation layer is prepared by adding a supporting material after plant materials are bundled and compacted.
As a preferred embodiment of the local isolation device for the saline soil area, the plant material is reed, spartina alterniflora, cotton straw or greening dry pruning; the supporting material is stone or building fragment bricks.
As a preferable embodiment of the local isolating device for the saline soil area, the thickness of the isolating layer is not less than 20 cm.
The isolation layer can be formed by compacting bundles (with the diameter of 50 cm) of plant materials (such as reeds, spartina alterniflora, cotton straws, greening pruned branches and the like) serving as a main material, adding stones, building fragment bricks and the like serving as supporting materials according to a certain proportion, and also can be formed by other materials capable of isolating.
As a preferable embodiment of the local isolation device for the saline-affected land area, the peripheral layer is geotextile.
As a preferable embodiment of the local isolation device for the saline-affected land area, the peripheral layer is at least two layers of geotextiles.
And vertically isolating the periphery of the local area by using double-layer impermeable geotextile, wherein the vertical height of the impermeable geotextile is not lower than the height from the bottom isolation layer to the ground. During construction, the transverse interfaces between the common impermeable geotextiles are overlapped by 5-10 cm, and joints are reduced as much as possible.
As a preferable embodiment of the local isolation device for the saline soil area, the peripheral layer and the isolation layer form a cylinder, a cuboid, a cube or a polyhedron structure with an opening at the top, and sealed periphery and bottom.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for planting green plants in the saline soil area by adopting the isolation device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Determining the position of the isolation layer: digging a pit downwards in a saline land area, setting a position of an isolation layer at a position 5-10 cm high from a shallow underground water level line, wherein the height of the isolation layer from the ground is not less than 50 cm;
(2) Digging out all original soil of a planned area, which is required to be planted with green plants, above the set position of the isolation layer;
(3) Laying an isolation layer at the bottom of a planned area where greening plants need to be planted, and horizontally paving the isolation layer:
(4) Arranging peripheral layers on the periphery in a planned area where greening plants need to be planted, wherein the peripheral layers are perpendicular to an isolation layer horizontally arranged at the bottom, the bottom edge of each peripheral layer is in sealing connection with the isolation layer, the peripheral layers are in sealing connection end to end in the horizontal direction, so that the isolation layer and the peripheral layers form a structure with an opening at the top, a periphery and a bottom in a sealing mode, and the height of the isolation layer is not less than the distance between the isolation layer and the ground;
(5) Filling planting soil in the structure which is formed by the isolation layer and the peripheral layer in the step (4) and has an opening at the top and sealed periphery and bottom;
(6) And (5) planting green plants in the planting soil filled in the step (5).
As a preferred embodiment of the method for planting greening plants in saline soil areas by using the isolation device, the position of the isolation layer is determined by the following method: measuring a shallow underground water level line by an instrument, and arranging an isolation layer at a position 5-10 cm high above the shallow underground water level line; or a soil pit is dug downwards in a planned area where greening plants need to be planted, the diameter of the soil pit is 30-50 cm, the depth of the soil pit is 100-120 cm, after one day, if water seeps from the soil pit, the depth of the soil pit can be set as a shallow underground water level line, and the isolation layer is arranged above the shallow underground water level line by 5-10 cm; if no water seeps out of the soil pit after one day, the isolation layer can be arranged at a height of less than 100 cm from the ground, and the height of the isolation layer from the ground is not less than 50 cm.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for planting greening plants in saline soil areas by using the isolation device, the planting soil in the step (5) is the original dug soil improved, or the original soil is used as a main raw material for reconstructing the planting soil, or new planting soil.
The term "local area" as used herein is intended to include areas of various sizes ranging from the root zone of a single arbor to several hundred square meters.
According to the local isolation device for the salinized land area, the peripheral layer is vertically arranged above the isolation layer, so that the vertical isolation of the peripheral layer is increased, the transverse osmotic movement of salt can be blocked, and the soil in the local area is not influenced by the surrounding salt. The isolating layer laid at the bottom can prevent salt from moving upwards along with water, so that the salt content of the saline soil in the local area is reduced due to rainfall and irrigation water downwards. The bottom isolation layer material can consume plant straws, construction waste, broken stones and the like, and belongs to economical waste recycling.
The method for planting the greening plants in the saline soil area by adopting the isolation device can plant any landscaping plants which are easily damaged by salt in the saline soil, particularly in the heavy saline soil area, thereby enriching the diversity of the greening plants and landscapes in the saline soil area. The invention is an important supplement for improving large-area ecological technology in saline soil areas, and solves the problem of application of landscaping plants, particularly gardening varieties, which are easily damaged by salt in the saline soil areas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the local isolation device for the saline soil area in use.
In the figure, 1 is an isolation layer, 2 is a peripheral layer, 3 is a shallow groundwater level line, and 4 is a ground.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the local isolation device for a saline soil area, the isolation device of the present invention includes an isolation layer (1) capable of preventing salt from permeating upwards and arranged horizontally, a peripheral layer (2) capable of preventing salt from permeating is arranged above the isolation layer (1), the peripheral layer (2) is perpendicular to the isolation layer (1), the lower edge of the peripheral layer (2) is connected with the isolation layer (1) in a sealing manner, and the peripheral layer (2) is connected with the isolation layer (1) in a sealing manner end to end in the horizontal direction so as to form a structure with an opening at the top, and the periphery and the bottom in a sealing manner.
In the embodiment, the isolation layer (1) is formed by compacting plant materials (such as reeds, spartina alterniflora, cotton straws, greening deadwood pruning and the like) in bundles (with the diameter of 50 cm) as main materials, then adding stones, building broken bricks and the like as supporting materials, and constructing the isolation layer (1) according to a certain proportion, wherein the thickness of the isolation layer (1) is not less than 20 cm.
In the embodiment, the peripheral layer (2) is a double-layer impermeable geotextile. The peripheral layer (2) and the isolation layer (1) form a cuboid structure with an opening at the top, and the periphery and the bottom are sealed.
When the isolation device is used for planting green plants in saline soil areas, as shown in the attached drawing 1, the following method is adopted for planting:
(1) Determining the position of the isolation layer (1): determining the shallow underground water level line (3) in the local area by an instrument and a simple field determination method, wherein the simple field determination method is to dig a pit locally downwards in the local area, the pit vertically passes through 30-50 cm and has the depth of 100-120 cm; if water seeps from the soil pit after 1 day, the water level can be regarded as a shallow groundwater level line (3), and the position of the bottom isolation layer (1) is 5-10 cm above the shallow groundwater level line (3); if no water seeps from the soil pit after 1 day, the underground water level is still below 100-120 cm (no longer determined), the bottom isolation layer (1) can be arranged above 100 cm below the ground (4), and the distance from the isolation layer (1) to the ground (4) is not less than 50 cm;
(2) Digging out all original soil of a planned area where greening plants need to be planted above the isolation layer (1);
(3) The method comprises the steps that an isolation layer (1) is laid at the bottom of a planned area where greening plants need to be planted, the isolation layer (1) at the bottom is transverse, plant materials (such as reeds, spartina alterniflora, cotton straws, greening dry branches and pruned branches and the like) can be compacted into bundles (with the diameter of 50 cm) to serve as main materials, stones, building broken bricks and the like are added to serve as supporting materials, the isolation layer (1) is constructed according to a certain proportion, and other materials capable of isolation can also be used; the thickness of the isolation layer (1) after compaction is not less than 20 cm;
(4) And vertically isolating the interior of the planned area in which the greening plants need to be planted by using double-layer impermeable geotextile, wherein the vertical height of the impermeable geotextile is not lower than the height from the bottom isolation layer (1) to the ground (4). During construction, the transverse interfaces between the common impermeable geotextiles are overlapped by 5-10 cm, and joints are reduced as much as possible.
(5) Filling planting soil in a structure with an opening at the top, the periphery and the bottom formed by the isolation layer (1) and the peripheral layer (2) in the step (4); the planting soil is obtained by improving dug original soil (saline soil), or reconstructing the planting soil by taking the original soil as a main raw material to meet the planting requirement, or completely replacing the original soil with new planting soil;
(6) And (5) planting green plants in the planting soil filled in the step (5).
In this embodiment, the perpendicular isolation of outer perisphere (2) can cut off the horizontal osmotic motion of salinity, makes the soil in the local region not receive the influence of salinity on every side, and isolation layer (1) that the bottom was laid can cut off salinity and move up along with water, makes the saline soil salinity in the local region because rainfall and watering descend downwards to the realization can replace normal position saline soil with planting soil in saline soil district local region, and the planting soil after replacing can not salinize moreover. Any landscaping plants which are easily damaged by salt can be planted in the saline land area according to the method in the embodiment, so that the diversity of the landscaping plants and landscapes in the saline land area is enriched.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for planting green plants in a saline soil area by adopting an isolation device is characterized in that the isolation device comprises an isolation layer which can prevent salt from permeating upwards and is arranged horizontally, a peripheral layer which can prevent salt from permeating is arranged above the isolation layer, the peripheral layer is perpendicular to the isolation layer, the lower edge of the peripheral layer is hermetically connected with the isolation layer, and the peripheral layer is hermetically connected with the isolation layer end to end in the horizontal direction so as to form a structure with an opening at the top, and the periphery and the bottom are sealed; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Determining the position of the isolation layer: digging a pit downwards in a saline land area, setting a position of an isolation layer at a position 5-10 cm high from a shallow underground water level line, wherein the height of the isolation layer from the ground is not less than 50 cm;
(2) Digging out all original soil of a planned area, which is required to be planted with green plants, above the set position of the isolation layer;
(3) Laying an isolation layer at the bottom of a planned area where greening plants need to be planted, wherein the isolation layer is horizontally paved:
(4) Arranging peripheral layers on the periphery in a planned area where greening plants need to be planted, wherein the peripheral layers are perpendicular to an isolation layer horizontally arranged at the bottom, the bottom edge of each peripheral layer is in sealing connection with the isolation layer, the peripheral layers are in sealing connection end to end in the horizontal direction, so that the isolation layer and the peripheral layers form a structure with an opening at the top, a periphery and a bottom in a sealing mode, and the height of the isolation layer is not less than the distance between the isolation layer and the ground; the peripheral layer is at least two layers of geotextiles; vertically isolating the periphery of the local area by using double-layer impermeable geotextile, wherein the vertical height of the impermeable geotextile is not lower than the height from the bottom isolation layer to the ground; overlapping 5-10 cm at the transverse interface between the impermeable geotextiles;
(5) Filling planting soil in the structure which is formed by the isolation layer and the peripheral layer in the step (4) and has an opening at the top and sealed periphery and bottom;
(6) And (5) planting green plants in the planting soil filled in the step (5).
2. A method of growing plants on salinized soil using isolation devices as claimed in claim 1 wherein the location of the isolation layer is determined by: measuring a shallow underground water level line by an instrument, and arranging an isolation layer at a position 5-10 cm high above the shallow underground water level line; or digging a soil pit downwards in a planned area where greening plants need to be planted, wherein the diameter of the soil pit is 30-50 cm, the depth of the soil pit is 100-120 cm, the depth of the soil pit can be set as a shallow underground water level line if water seeps out from the soil pit after one day, and the isolation layer is arranged above the shallow underground water level line by the height of 5-10 cm; if no water seeps out of the soil pit after one day, the isolation layer can be arranged at a height of less than 100 cm from the ground, and the height of the isolation layer from the ground is not less than 50 cm.
3. The method for planting greening plants in saline soil areas by using isolation devices as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting soil in step (5) is obtained by improving dug original soil or reconstructing the planting soil by using the original soil as a main raw material or obtaining new planting soil.
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| CN201710279329.XA CN106954404B (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2017-04-25 | Local isolating device in saline soil area |
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| CN201710279329.XA CN106954404B (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2017-04-25 | Local isolating device in saline soil area |
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| CN109024479B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2020-08-18 | 上海海洋大学 | Manufacturing process of wetland ecological brick and coastal wetland landform regulation and control method |
| CN111188221B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-05-06 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Felt mat for improving coastal saline soil, preparation method of felt mat and improvement method of coastal saline soil |
| CN112825640B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2023-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Salt returning resistant layer of flue gas desulfurization gypsum and salt returning resistant method for coastal reclamation saline-alkali soil |
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| CN206895159U (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-01-19 | 广东四季景山园林建设有限公司 | A kind of saline soil area is locally isolated device |
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| CN1142884A (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1997-02-19 | 潘卓然 | Method for cultivating plant in saline-alkali soil area |
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| JP2012110249A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-06-14 | Noubi:Kk | Greening structure and method for construction thereof |
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