CN106944799A - AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element squeezes forging rolling integrated technique - Google Patents
AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element squeezes forging rolling integrated technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN106944799A CN106944799A CN201710180003.1A CN201710180003A CN106944799A CN 106944799 A CN106944799 A CN 106944799A CN 201710180003 A CN201710180003 A CN 201710180003A CN 106944799 A CN106944799 A CN 106944799A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Forging rolling integrated technique is squeezed the invention discloses a kind of AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element.Processing step is included：Semi-continuous casting, homogenizing annealing, hot extrusion, multiway forging, machine drilling and ring rolling.The crowded forging rolling integrated technique that the present invention is provided can produce preparation surface flawless, even tissue, the large scale AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements that comprehensive mechanical property is excellent and Anisotropy is small, available for substituting other material annular elements, reach loss of weight, improve the effect of fuel efficiency and electromagnetic shielding, there is important application value in Aero-Space and national defence.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnesium alloy deformation manufacture field, more particularly to a kind of extruding, forging and the ring of AQ80M magnesium alloys
Rolling deformation field.
Background technology
Large scale annular element is the important feature part of aircraft, rocket and guided missile etc., and the tradition such as current aluminium alloy, titanium alloy is closed
Gold is the main material for preparing annular element.Density is small, specific strength is high, damping capacity good, recyclable without dirt because it has for magnesium alloy
The advantages of dye, is described as " 21 century green engineering material ", and latent as most developing in the fields such as Aero-Space and defence and military
One of structural material of power.Therefore magnesium alloy turns into a kind of potential annular element material, so as to meet loss of weight and improve fuel effect
The requirement of rate.At present, ring rolling is the main process for preparing annular element.Prepared by magnesium alloy annular element has certain difficulty
Degree：Magnesium alloy temperature-room type plasticity is poor, heat distortion temperature narrow range, and billet size needed for ring rolling is big, prepared by the processing of high-quality blank
Difficulty is big.In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to utilize suitable blank-making technology, and strictly control processing parameters；And mesh
Before lack the correlative study of magnesium alloy annular element forming technology.
This patent is directed to the actual demand of Aero-Space and national defence to large scale magnesium alloy annular element, based on AQ80M
Middle strength heatproof magnesium alloy, using the crowded forging rolling integrated technique of extrusion blooming, forging base and looping mill rolling shaping, successfully prepares surface
The excellent large scale AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements of flawless, even tissue, comprehensive mechanical property.The integrated technique is to improving magnesium
Alloy annular part processing mode has important guiding value and practical significance.
The content of the invention
The excellent large scale of surface flawless, even tissue, comprehensive mechanical property is prepared it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of
The crowded forging rolling integrated technique of AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements, to meet Aero-Space and national defence to large scale magnesium alloy seamless
The active demand of annular element.The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that：
1. semi-continuous casting, obtains diameter of phi 600-650mm ingot casting.
2. homogenizing annealing：After 240-260 DEG C of insulation 8-10h, 410-420 DEG C of insulation 42-46h is warming up to, room is air-cooled to
Temperature.
3. railway carriage, flaw detection, cutting stock after blanking, homogenization, obtain diameter of phi 570-600mm, 1000 ~ 1500mm of length
Ingot blank.
4. hot extrusion cogging, 360-400 DEG C of extrusion temperature, extrusion speed 0.3-0.7mm/s, diameter of rod Φ after extruding
390-410mm.By extruding the casting flaw eliminated in alloy, improving alloy structure, while removing ingot blank top layer and retaining the heart
Portion's quality area, it is ensured that the plasticity of deformation after unloading, reduction cracking risk.
5. ingot blank is incubated 8-12h at 390-410 DEG C after multiway forging base, extruding, the first fire forging is carried out on hydraulic press
Make：, as Z, Y and X-direction, 3-6 passage upsettings are carried out first along Z, Y and X-direction using cylinder ingot blank height to two vertical radial directions
Slightly, reduction in pass 10-40%；Again using X or Y as axle, compression fin 2-10 passages, reduction in pass 5-20% are rolled；Last edge
X or Y and be upset as a cylinder, reduction in pass 20-30%；Ingot blank is melted down after 380-400 DEG C is incubated 6-8h, carries out second
Fire forging：It is that Z, Y and X-direction repeat above-mentioned forging technology, final upsetting using the height of new cylinder to two vertical radial directions
The thick blank material for obtaining height 250-550mm.The temperature window of magnesium alloy plastic deformation is smaller, and multiway forging is one and cooled
Journey, therefore formability of materials is ensure that using two fire time, the risk ftractureed when can reduce forging again.Used in forging process
Multi-pass aximal deformation value jumping-up and small deformation amount pressure rib are combined, it is ensured that deformation uniformity and group of the ingot blank from center portion to edge
Knit uniformity；Occurred in that simultaneously in whole forging process cylinder ingot blank twice it is high to change, reduction deformation texture can be played
Effect, be conducive to obtaining isotropic blank material.
6. machine drilling, bore dia Φ 200-260mm.
7. ring rolling, blank material is incubated 4-8h at 380-400 DEG C, and carries out a fire ring on ring rolls and roll into shape, rolls
Drive roll rotating speed is 8-30r/min, core roller straight-line feed speed 0.2-2.0mm/s when processed, looping mill rolling terminate after water hardening immediately；
The final AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements for preparing external diameter Φ 700-1400mm, wall thickness 45-100mm, height 300-600mm.Ring
The main purpose of rolling is enlarged diameter, reduces wall thickness；The rolling by applying multi-pass to wall thickness is plastically deformed simultaneously, is reached
Crystal grain thinning, enhancing texture and the effect for improving mechanical property.
8. Ageing Treatment, is incubated 30-40h at 170-190 DEG C by annular element, can improve annular element comprehensive mechanical property, when
Imitate state annular element it is high to, tangentially and radially room-temperature yield strength >=200MPa, tensile strength >=330MPa, elongation >=6%, it is high
To with tangential yield strength difference≤20MPa；150 DEG C of yield strength >=160MPa, tensile strength >=200MPa, elongation >=
30%, it is high to tangential yield strength difference≤10MPa.
Preferably, recipient and mould are preheated to 360-390 DEG C in 4 step.
Preferably, flat anvil is preheated to 250-350 DEG C above and below hydraulic press in 5 step.
Preferably, forging is using point dynamic formula pressure, pressing speed 200-400mm/min in 5 step.
Preferably, ring rolls drive roll, core roller, armful roller and cone roller are preheated to 300-360 DEG C in 7 step.
Preferably, the main function of cone roller is to stablize ring rolling deformation, suppression end face " fish tail " to lack in 7 step
Fall into, do not ftractureed along annular element is high to application drafts with avoiding two ends stress state complex.
Main advantages of the present invention
A kind of practicable AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element forming technology is proposed, includes founding, homogenizing annealing, extruding
Cogging, a complete process route for forging base, looping mill rolling shaping and ageing strengthening, innovatively realize crowded three kinds of modelings of forging rolling
The integrated combination of property mode of texturing.Extrusion blooming can provide that plasticity is good, even tissue high-quality blank for multiway forging, pass through
Control multiway forging process key parameter, when significantly reducing forging ingot blank ftracture risk, ensure that formability, simultaneously
Whole ingot blank is set sufficiently to be plastically deformed, crystal grain refinement, even tissue.Ring rolling process along with wall thickness be thinned and
The reduction of temperature, therefore there is higher requirement to the overall plasticity and structural homogenity of blank, using extruding+multiway forging
With reference to technique, strictly control related process parameters, can prepare meet require high-quality blank, improve ring rolling into
Product rate.Ring rolling is shaped using heating once and rolling, this ensure that the adequacy of plastic deformation, continuity, are conducive to annular element
Final mechanical property, while avoiding, the middle crystal grain for melting down annealing generation is grown up, mechanical property reduction and production efficiency are dropped
Low problem.The AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements of major diameter high-quality are successfully prepared under the guidance that this squeezes forging rolling integrated technique.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ingot blank figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1 through extrusion blooming；
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 through extruding and the ingot blank figure after multiway forging；
Fig. 3 is annular element figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1 after ring rolling；
Fig. 4 is annular element figure of the embodiment of the present invention 3 after ring rolling.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The AQ80M magnesium alloy ingots for casting out Φ 620mm × 1800mm are poured using semi-continuous casting, twin-stage are carried out in the lehr equal
Homogenize heat treatment, homogenization process：250℃×8h+415℃×44h.It is cooled to after room temperature, mechanical railway carriage is carried out to ingot blank, is cut
Cut, the processing such as rounding, process Φ 580mm × 1400mm ingot blank.Ingot blank is squeezed into diameter of phi 400mm on heat extruder
Pole, 370 DEG C of extrusion temperature, extrusion speed is 0.3mm/s, and Fig. 1 is extrusion blooming pole.It is air-cooled to after room temperature, will extrudes
It is Φ 400mm × 1040mm ingot blanks that pole, which carries out cutting stock,.Ingot blank is incubated 10h at 410 DEG C, and the first fire is carried out on hydraulic press
Forging：, as Z, Y and X-direction, 4 passage upsettings are carried out first along Z, Y and X-direction using cylinder ingot blank height to two vertical radial directions
Slightly, reduction in pass 10-30%；Again with X (Y) for axle, the compression passage of fin 6, reduction in pass 10-20% are rolled；Finally along X
(Y) an approximate cylinder, reduction in pass 28% are upset as；Ingot blank is melted down after 390 DEG C are incubated 8h, carries out the second fire forging：With
The height of new cylinder is to being that Z, Y and X-direction repeat above-mentioned forging technology with two vertical radial directions, and final jumping-up obtains height
490mm blank material, as shown in Figure 2.In ingot blank center machine drilling, bore dia Φ 255mm.Ingot blank is carried out on ring rolls
One fire ring rolls into before shape, looping mill rolling ingot blank and is incubated 6h at 385 DEG C, and drive roll rotating speed is that 10-15r/min, core roller straight line enter during rolling
Give speed 0.5-1.5mm/s, looping mill rolling terminate after water hardening immediately.Annular element is carried out at 175 DEG C × 36h timeliness after shaping
Reason.The final AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements for preparing external diameter Φ 770, wall thickness 100mm, height 500mm, as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 2
The AQ80M magnesium alloy ingots for casting out Φ 620mm × 1800mm are poured using semi-continuous casting, twin-stage are carried out in the lehr equal
Homogenize heat treatment, homogenization process：250℃×8h+415℃×44h.It is cooled to after room temperature, mechanical railway carriage is carried out to ingot blank, is cut
Cut, the processing such as rounding, process Φ 580mm × 1400mm ingot blank.Ingot blank is squeezed into diameter of phi 400mm on heat extruder
Pole, 370 DEG C of extrusion temperature, extrusion speed is 0.3mm/s, is air-cooled to after room temperature, will extruding pole carry out cutting stock be
Φ 400mm × 910mm ingot blanks.Ingot blank is incubated 10h at 410 DEG C, and the first fire forging is carried out on hydraulic press：With cylinder ingot blank it is high to
It is Z, Y and X-direction with two vertical radial directions, 4 passage jumping-ups, reduction in pass 15- is carried out first along Z, Y and X-direction
20%；Again with X (Y) for axle, the compression passage of fin 5, reduction in pass 5-15% are rolled；An approximate circle is upset as finally along X (Y)
Cylinder, reduction in pass 25%；Ingot blank is melted down after 385 DEG C are incubated 8h, carries out the second fire forging：With new cylinder it is high to
It is that Z, Y and X-direction repeat above-mentioned forging technology with two vertical radial directions, final jumping-up obtains height 480mm blank material.
Ingot blank center machine drilling, bore dia Φ 255mm.On ring rolls ingot blank carried out into a fire ring roll into ingot blank before shape, looping mill rolling existing
390 DEG C of insulation 6h, drive roll rotating speed is 10-18r/min, core roller straight-line feed speed 0.6-1.8mm/s during rolling, and looping mill rolling terminates
Water hardening immediately afterwards.175 DEG C × 36h Ageing Treatments are carried out to annular element after shaping.Finally prepare external diameter Φ 810, wall thickness
80mm, height 485mm AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements.
Embodiment 3
The AQ80M magnesium alloy ingots for casting out Φ 620mm × 1800mm are poured using semi-continuous casting, twin-stage are carried out in the lehr equal
Homogenize heat treatment, homogenization process：250℃×8h+415℃×44h.It is cooled to after room temperature, mechanical railway carriage is carried out to ingot blank, is cut
Cut, the processing such as rounding, process Φ 580mm × 1400mm ingot blank.Ingot blank is squeezed into diameter of phi 400mm on heat extruder
Pole, 370 DEG C of extrusion temperature, extrusion speed is 0.3mm/s, is air-cooled to after room temperature, will extruding pole carry out cutting stock be
Φ 400mm × 1000mm ingot blanks.Ingot blank is incubated 10h at 410 DEG C, and the first fire forging is carried out on hydraulic press：It is high with cylinder ingot blank
To being Z, Y and X-direction with two vertical radial directions, 5 passage jumping-ups, reduction in pass 15- are carried out first along Z, Y and X-direction
30%；Again with X (Y) for axle, the compression passage of fin 5, reduction in pass 10-20% are rolled；It is approximate that one is upset as finally along X (Y)
Cylinder, reduction in pass 26%；Ingot blank is melted down after 395 DEG C are incubated 8h, carries out the second fire forging：With the height of new cylinder
To being that Z, Y and X-direction repeat above-mentioned forging technology with two vertical radial directions, final jumping-up obtains height 500mm blank material.
In ingot blank center machine drilling, bore dia Φ 255mm.Ingot blank is subjected to a fire ring on ring rolls and rolls into ingot blank before shape, looping mill rolling
6h is incubated at 390 DEG C, drive roll rotating speed is 14-20r/min, core roller straight-line feed speed 0.6-1.8mm/s, looping mill rolling knot during rolling
Water hardening immediately after beam.175 DEG C × 36h Ageing Treatments are carried out to annular element after shaping.Finally prepare external diameter Φ 1200, wall
Thick 58mm, height 510mm AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements, as shown in Figure 4.
Annular element room temperature tensile mechanical property in the embodiment of table 1
150 DEG C of tensile mechanical properties of annular element in the embodiment of table 2
Claims (6)
1. a kind of AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element squeezes forging rolling integrated technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
A. semi-continuous casting, obtains diameter of phi 600-650mm ingot casting；
B. homogenizing annealing：After 240-260 DEG C of insulation 8-10h, 410-420 DEG C of insulation 42-46h is warming up to, room temperature is air-cooled to；
C. mechanical railway carriage, flaw detection, cutting stock, obtain diameter of phi 570-600mm, 1000 ~ 1500mm of length after blanking, homogenization
Ingot blank；
D. hot extrusion cogging, 360-400 DEG C of extrusion temperature, extrusion speed 0.3-0.7mm/s, diameter of rod Φ 390- after extruding
410mm；
E. multiway forging base, ingot blank is incubated 8-12h at 390-410 DEG C after extruding, and the first fire forging is carried out on hydraulic press：With
Cylinder ingot blank is high to being Z, Y and X-direction with two vertical radial directions, and 3-6 passage jumping-ups, road are carried out first along Z, Y and X-direction
Secondary drafts 10-40%；Again using X or Y as axle, compression fin 2-10 passages, reduction in pass 5-20% are rolled；Finally along X or Y
It is upset as a cylinder, reduction in pass 20-30%；Ingot blank is melted down after 380-400 DEG C is incubated 6-8h, carries out the second fire forging：
Using the high to being that Z, Y and X-direction repeat above-mentioned forging technology with two vertical radial directions of new cylinder, final jumping-up obtains height
Spend 250-550mm blank material；
F. machine drilling, bore dia Φ 200-260mm；
G. ring rolling, blank material is incubated 4-8h at 380-400 DEG C, and carries out a fire ring on ring rolls and roll into shape, during rolling
Drive roll rotating speed is 8-30r/min, core roller straight-line feed speed 0.2-2.0mm/s, looping mill rolling terminate after water hardening immediately；Finally
Prepare external diameter Φ 700-1400mm, wall thickness 45-100mm, height 300-600mm AQ80M magnesium alloy annular elements；
H. Ageing Treatment, 30-40h is incubated by annular element at 170-190 DEG C, its it is high to, tangentially and radially room-temperature yield strength >=
200MPa, tensile strength >=330MPa, elongation >=6%, it is high to tangential yield strength difference≤20MPa；150 DEG C of surrenders are strong
Degree >=160MPa, tensile strength >=200MPa, elongation >=30%, it is high to tangential yield strength difference≤10MPa.
2. AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element according to claim 1 squeezes forging rolling integrated technique, it is characterised in that：The D steps
Middle recipient and mould are preheated to 360-390 DEG C.
3. AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element according to claim 1 squeezes forging rolling integrated technique, it is characterised in that：The E steps
Flat anvil is preheated to 250-350 DEG C above and below middle hydraulic press.
4. AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element according to claim 1 squeezes forging rolling integrated technique, it is characterised in that：The E steps
Middle forging is using point dynamic formula pressure, pressing speed 200-400mm/min.
5. AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element according to claim 1 squeezes forging rolling integrated technique, it is characterised in that：The G steps
Middle ring rolls drive roll, core roller, armful roller and cone roller are preheated to 300-360 DEG C.
6. AQ80M magnesium alloys annular element according to claim 1 squeezes forging rolling integrated technique, it is characterised in that：The G steps
In up and down cone roller it is high to not applying drafts along ring in rolling.
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Cited By (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020048539A1 (en) * | 2018-09-09 | 2020-03-12 | 中南大学 | Method for improving strength of aq80m magnesium alloy and prolonging strain fatigue life thereof |
| CN110877086A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-13 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Preparation method of fine-grain large-size magnesium alloy section |
| CN111893409A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-06 | 中南大学 | High-energy-absorption superfine crystal magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112275984A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-01-29 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Large specification of Ti2AlNb bar and forging method and application thereof |
| CN112442621A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-05 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Magnesium alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN112458348A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-09 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Magnesium alloy semicircular ring section bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN112589024A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-04-02 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Magnesium alloy forging and preparation method thereof |
| CN113635000A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-12 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Extrusion-rolling composite forming method for magnesium alloy ring piece |
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| CN114789231A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-26 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Cogging mold for high-temperature alloy ingot blank and cogging method thereof |
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| CN112442621A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-05 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Magnesium alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN112458348A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-09 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Magnesium alloy semicircular ring section bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN112275984B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-03-16 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Large specification of Ti2AlNb bar and forging method and application thereof |
| CN112275984A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-01-29 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Large specification of Ti2AlNb bar and forging method and application thereof |
| CN113635000A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-12 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Extrusion-rolling composite forming method for magnesium alloy ring piece |
| CN113635000B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-08-18 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Extrusion-rolling composite forming method for magnesium alloy ring piece |
| CN114346139A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of large-size rare earth magnesium alloy annular piece |
| CN114789231A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-26 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Cogging mold for high-temperature alloy ingot blank and cogging method thereof |
| CN114789231B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-03-14 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Cogging mold for high-temperature alloy ingot blank and cogging method thereof |
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