CN106941367A - Multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method and processing device - Google Patents
Multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method and processing device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
- H04B7/046—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
- H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
- H04L1/0675—Space-time coding characterised by the signaling
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method and processing device, wherein, this method includes：Base station obtains channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in base station range, and selects multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of terminal according to channel condition information, wherein, row channel is the transmission channel between antenna in terminal and base station vertical direction；Base station determines that multiple terminals carry out the beamforming vector that pre-coding matrix calculating is obtained in vertical direction according to channel condition information；Base station obtains horizontal channel corresponding with beamforming vector according to beamforming vector, and pre-coding matrix calculating is carried out in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel by preset rules.By the present invention, solve 3D MIMO pre-coding matrix computings in correlation technique complexity it is high the problem of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, in particular to a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method and processing device.
Background technology
Extensive multiple-input and multiple-output (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, referred to as MIMO) system can
Greatly promoting for system spectral efficiency and power system capacity is brought, but is limited in real system by antenna size and base station space,
A large amount of antennas can not possibly be put in the horizontal direction.To solve this problem, 3D-MIMO (3-Dimension MIMO) is introduced,
(Full-Dimension MIMO, referred to as FD-MIMO) is referred to as to solve extensive MIMO actual problem of implementation.
Base station is using 2D faces battle array active antenna in 3D-MIMO systems, and so, the signal of user and base station end not only can be in the horizontal direction
Upper transmission, can also be transmitted in vertical direction, and the vertical degree of freedom of channel can be just mined.Therefore, 3D-MIMO precodings
Design is also not limited to traditional horizontal direction, can also be in vertical direction designing user beamforming vector, so that more preferably
Realize AF panel.
Method for precoding in conventional MIMO system, such as singular value decomposition (Singular Value Decomposition,
Referred to as SVD), ZF (Zero Forcing, referred to as ZF), maximize letter leakage noise ratio (Signal to Leakage and
Noise Ratio, referred to as SLNR) etc. can realize preferable performance.But in the more 3D-MIMO of antenna number, with
The increase of antenna number, the computation complexity of these algorithms can also increase therewith.Therefore it is highly desirable to carry out low complex degree
The research of 3D-MIMO precoding algorithms.3D-MIMO precodings research in correlation technique, one kind is asked by mathematical approach
Simpler solution form is obtained to reduce computation complexity；Another thinking is to carry out two dimensions using the design feature of 2D faces battle array
Design so that the reduction of implementation complexity.Although the first can reduce computational complexity, antenna to a certain extent
Number increases, and channel matrix dimension is very big, and this necessarily causes the complexity of matrix operation still very high；Second is fundamentally
3D-MIMO complexity is reduced, is realized generally by vertical, the step Precoding Design of horizontal direction two, but it is this at present
The discussion of method is the expansion under Single User MIMO scene mostly, and this does not simultaneously meet reality.
For 3D-MIMO pre-coding matrixes computing in correlation technique complexity it is high the problem of, not yet exist at present effective
Solution.
The content of the invention
The invention provides multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method and processing device, at least to solve 3D- in correlation technique
The problem of complexity of MIMO pre-coding matrix computings is high.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method, including：Obtain base station
Channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in the base station range is taken, and is selected eventually according to the channel condition information
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition in end, wherein, the row channel is in the terminal and the base station vertical direction
Transmission channel between antenna；The base station determines that the multiple terminal is carried out in vertical direction according to the channel condition information
Pre-coding matrix calculates obtained beamforming vector；The base station obtains assigning with the wave beam according to the beamforming vector
The corresponding horizontal channel of shape vector, and pre-coding matrix meter is carried out in the horizontal direction of the horizontal channel by preset rules
Calculate.
Further, the channel condition information of terminal includes in the base station acquisition base station range：The base
The terminal stood into the base station range sends channel condition information reference symbol CSI-RS；The base station receives the end
The channel condition information that end is sent after being measured according to the CSI-RS to channel.
Further, the base station selects the multiple of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of terminal according to the channel condition information
Terminal includes：The base station predefines the predetermined quantity for the multiple terminal for meeting preparatory condition；The base station is according to institute
State channel condition information and select the best terminal of the characteristic of channel as initial terminal；It is described first that the base station acquisition has been selected
All the time multiple chordal distances between multiple terminals for treating selection are held；Selected from the multiple chordal distance and institute the base station
State the multiple terminal of the farthest predetermined quantity of initial terminal chordal distance.
Further, determine that the multiple terminal is entered in vertical direction according to the channel condition information in the base station
Row pre-coding matrix is calculated before obtained beamforming vector, and methods described also includes：The base station configuration 2D uniform surface battle arrays
UPA, wherein, the 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA includes：Nt=Nh×NvRoot antenna, NhFor horizontal direction array antenna number, NvTo be vertical
Direction row antenna number, the base station is each terminal in k terminal of random distribution in each cell of the base station
Configure Nr=1 antenna；HkRepresent k-th of terminal to the 3D channel matrixes (N of the base stationr×(Nh×Nv) dimension), it is described Represent user to the channel matrix (N of the array antenna of base station i-thr×NvDimension), i=1,
2...Nh, k is positive integer, and value is 1,2 ..., and S, wherein S represent the number of users in current group.
Further, the base station determines that the multiple terminal is being hung down by equation below according to the channel condition information
Nogata carries out pre-coding matrix and calculates obtained beamforming vector upwards：The base station is according to each row channel informationCalculate the beamforming vector of the vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension), it is shown below：Wherein, each row channel information is Table
Show the i-th row channel matrix (N of k-th of userr×NvDimension)；The beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension),The corresponding characteristic vector of maximum generalized characteristic value,
P is transmission power, nkNoise, σ are received for each terminal2For noise power.
Further, the base station obtains level corresponding with the beamforming vector according to the beamforming vector
Channel, and by preset rules carry out in the horizontal direction of the horizontal channel pre-coding matrix and calculate to include：The base station
By the beamforming vectorApplied to each row vertical channel, calculated by formula as follows and obtain horizontal channel：Dimension is Nr×Nh, k values are 1,2 ..., S；The base station uses ZF ZF criterion meters
Calculate the multiple terminal pre-coding matrix of horizontal direction on the horizontal channelOrder
((Nr×S)×NhDimension), and then obtain the formula of the pre-coding matrix and be(Nh× S is tieed up), wherein, it is each
Row represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of correspondence user, i.e.,Arranged for the kth of above-mentioned matrix, k-th of user's of expression is equivalent
Horizontal pre-coding matrix, wherein,The equivalent level channel of k-th of user is represented,It isConjugate transposition.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing unit, applied to base
Stand side, including：Acquisition module, for obtaining channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in the base station range, and
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of terminal are selected according to the channel condition information, wherein, the row channel is institute
State the transmission channel between antenna in terminal and the base station vertical direction；Determining module, for according to the channel condition information
Determine that the multiple terminal carries out pre-coding matrix and calculates obtained beamforming vector in vertical direction；Processing module, is used
In obtaining horizontal channel corresponding with the beamforming vector according to the beamforming vector, and by preset rules in institute
State progress pre-coding matrix calculating in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel.
Further, the acquisition module includes：Transmitting element, sends for the terminal into the base station range
Channel condition information reference symbol CSI-RS；Receiving unit, is carried out for receiving the terminal according to the CSI-RS to channel
The channel condition information sent after measurement.
Further, the acquisition module also includes：Determining unit, the described many of preparatory condition are met for predefining
The predetermined quantity of individual terminal；First choice unit, for selecting the characteristic of channel best end according to the channel condition information
End is used as initial terminal；Acquiring unit, for obtaining between the initial terminal selected and multiple terminals for treating selection
Multiple chordal distances；Second select unit, it is farthest with the initial terminal chordal distance for being selected from the multiple chordal distance
Predetermined quantity the multiple terminal.
Further, determine that the multiple terminal is entered in vertical direction according to the channel condition information in the base station
Row pre-coding matrix is calculated before obtained beamforming vector, and described device also includes：First configuration module, for configuring 2D
Uniform surface battle array UPA, wherein, the 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA includes：Nt=Nh×NvRoot antenna, NhFor horizontal direction array antenna
Number, NvFor vertical direction row antenna number, the second configuration module, the k for random distribution in each cell for the base station
Each terminal configuration N in individual terminalr=1 antenna；HkRepresent k-th of terminal to the 3D channel matrixes (N of the base stationr×
(Nh×Nv) dimension), it is described Represent user to the channel matrix (N of the array antenna of base station i-thr×
NvDimension), i=1,2...Nh, k is positive integer.
Further, the determining module, is additionally operable to according to each row channel informationCalculate described
The beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension), it is shown below：
Wherein, each row channel information is Represent the i-th row channel matrix (N of k-th of userr
×NvDimension)；The beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension),Maximum broad sense it is special
The corresponding characteristic vector of value indicative,P is transmission power, nkFor
Each terminal receives noise, σ2For noise power.
Further, the processing module includes：First computing unit, for by the beamforming vectorUsing
In each row vertical channel, the horizontal channel obtained shown in equation below is calculated：Dimension is Nr
×Nh, k values are 1,2 ..., S；Second computing unit, for calculating level side on the horizontal channel using ZF ZF criterions
To the multiple terminal pre-coding matrixOrder((Nr×S)×NhDimension), and then
Formula to the pre-coding matrix is(Nh× S is tieed up), each of which row represent the equivalent of correspondence user
Horizontal pre-coding matrix, i.e.,Arranged for the kth of above-mentioned matrix, represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of k-th of user, wherein,The equivalent level channel of k-th of user is represented,It isConjugate transposition.
By the present invention, base station obtains channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in base station range, and foundation
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of channel condition information selection terminal, wherein, row channel is that terminal is vertical with base station
Transmission channel on direction between antenna；And then according to channel condition information, to determine that multiple terminals are carried out in vertical direction pre- for base station
Encoder matrix calculates obtained beamforming vector, and obtains level corresponding with beamforming vector according to beamforming vector
Channel, and pre-coding matrix calculating is carried out in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel by preset rules, it is seen that in the present embodiment
By analyzing the characteristic of channel, suitable service terminal set is selected, is then realized using the two step precodings to channel dimensionality reduction many
User's Precoding Design, can be realized preferably compared with the mimo system of in correlation technique design level direction pre-coding matrix
Performance, while computation complexity is reduced, so as to solve the complexity of 3D-MIMO pre-coding matrixes computing in correlation technique
High the problem of.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, this hair
Bright schematic description and description is used to explain the present invention, does not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing method；
Fig. 2 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit structured flowchart；
Fig. 3 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit alternative construction block diagram one；
Fig. 4 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit alternative construction block diagram two；
Fig. 5 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit alternative construction block diagram three；
Fig. 6 is the 3D MU-MIMO system structure charts according to alternative embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the SINR that lower three kinds of schemes are configured according to the uniform planar arrays of base station 8*8 of alternative embodiment of the present invention
The comparison schematic diagram of CDF curves；
Fig. 8 is the SINR that lower three kinds of schemes are configured according to the uniform planar arrays of base station 8*16 of alternative embodiment of the present invention
The comparison schematic diagram of CDF curves；
Fig. 9 is different schemes when disposing different antennae number in vertical direction according to the base station of alternative embodiment of the present invention
Every user's spectrum efficiency contrast schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is to substitute second step precoding ZF criterions using SLNR criterions are maximized according to alternative embodiment of the present invention
When different schemes SINR CDF curve synoptic diagrams.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing and in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that not conflicting
In the case of, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can be mutually combined.
It should be noted that term " first " in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned accompanying drawing, "
Two " etc. be for distinguishing similar object, without for describing specific order or precedence.
A kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method is provided in the present embodiment, and Fig. 1 is according to present invention implementation
The flow chart of the multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO of example processing method, as shown in figure 1, the flow comprises the following steps：
Step S102：Base station obtains channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in base station range, and according to letter
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of channel state information selection terminal, wherein, row channel is terminal and base station Vertical Square
Transmission channel between upward antenna；
Step S104：Base station determines that multiple terminals carry out pre-coding matrix meter in vertical direction according to channel condition information
Obtained beamforming vector；
Step S106：Terminal obtains horizontal channel corresponding with beamforming vector according to beamforming vector, and passes through
Preset rules carry out pre-coding matrix calculating in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel.
By the embodiment of the present invention, base station obtains channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in base station range,
And multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of terminal are selected according to channel condition information, wherein, row channel is terminal and base
Transmission channel in vertical direction of standing between antenna；And then base station determines multiple terminals in vertical direction according to channel condition information
Carry out pre-coding matrix and calculate obtained beamforming vector, and obtain corresponding with beamforming vector according to beamforming vector
Horizontal channel, and pre-coding matrix calculating is carried out in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel by preset rules, it is seen that in this reality
Apply in example by analyzing the characteristic of channel, select suitable service terminal set, then using the two step precodings to channel dimensionality reduction
Realize that multi-user pre-coding is designed, can be real compared with the mimo system of in correlation technique design level direction pre-coding matrix
Existing preferable performance, while computation complexity is reduced, so as to solve 3D-MIMO pre-coding matrixes computing in correlation technique
The problem of complexity is high.
The channel status letter of terminal in base station range is obtained for the base station being related in the present embodiment step S102
The mode of breath, in the optional embodiment of the present embodiment, can be realized in the following way：
Step S102-1：Terminal of the base station into base station range sends channel condition information reference symbol CSI-RS；
Step S102-2：The channel condition information that base station receiving terminal is sent after being measured according to CSI-RS to channel.
Based on above-mentioned steps S102-1 and step S102-2, in base station after channel condition information is got, according to channel
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of status information selection terminal, and the mode of the multiple terminals of the acquisition includes：
Step S102-3：Base station predefines the predetermined quantity for the multiple terminals for meeting preparatory condition；
Step S102-4：The best terminal of the characteristic of channel is selected as initial terminal according to channel condition information in base station；
Step S102-5：Base station obtain multiple strings between the initial terminal selected and multiple terminals for treating selection away from
From；
Step S102-6：The many of the predetermined quantity farthest with initial terminal chordal distance are selected from multiple chordal distances in base station
Individual terminal.
In another optional embodiment of the present embodiment, determine that multiple terminals exist according to channel condition information in base station
Carried out in vertical direction before the beamforming vector that pre-coding matrix calculating is obtained, the method for the present embodiment also includes：
Step S11：Base station configuration 2D uniform surface battle array UPA, wherein, 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA includes：Nt=Nh×NvRoot antenna,
NhFor horizontal direction array antenna number, NvFor vertical direction row antenna number,
Step S12：Base station is each terminal configuration N in k terminal of random distribution in each cell of base stationr=
1 antenna；HkRepresent the 3D channel matrixes (N of k-th of terminal to base stationr×(Nh×Nv) dimension), Represent user to the channel matrix (N of the array antenna of base station i-thr×NvDimension), i=1,2...Nh, k is positive integer, k value
For 1,2 ..., S, wherein S represent the number of users in current group.
Based on above-mentioned steps S11 and step S12, the base station in the present embodiment passes through equation below foundation channel condition information
Determine that multiple terminals carry out pre-coding matrix and calculate obtained beamforming vector in vertical direction：
Base station is according to each row channel informationCalculate the beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh
×Nv)×NhDimension), it is shown below：
Wherein, each row channel information is Represent the i-th row channel matrix (N of k-th of userr
×NvDimension)；The beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension),Maximum broad sense it is special
The corresponding characteristic vector of value indicative,P is transmission power, nkFor
Each terminal receives noise, σ2For noise power.
Based on above-mentioned beamforming vector, the base station being related in the present embodiment is obtained and wave beam according to beamforming vector
The corresponding horizontal channel of forming vectors, and pre-coding matrix calculating is carried out in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel by preset rules
Mode, can realize in the following way：
Step S21：Base station is by beamforming vectorApplied to each row vertical channel, calculating is obtained shown in equation below
Horizontal channel：Dimension is Nr×Nh, k values are 1,2 ..., S；
Step S22：Base station uses multiple terminal pre-coding matrixes of horizontal direction on ZF ZF criterion calculated level channelsOrder((Nr×S)×NhDimension), and then obtain the formula of the pre-coding matrix and be(Nh× S is tieed up), each of which row represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of correspondence user, i.e.,To be upper
The kth row of matrix are stated, the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of k-th of user is represented.Wherein,Represent the equivalent water of k-th of user
Ordinary mail road,It isConjugate transposition.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that according to above-mentioned implementation
The method of example can add the mode of required general hardware platform to realize by software, naturally it is also possible to by hardware, but a lot
In the case of the former be more preferably embodiment.Understood based on such, technical scheme is substantially in other words to existing
The part that technology contributes can be embodied in the form of software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage
In medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD), including some instructions are make it that a station terminal equipment (can be mobile phone, calculate
Machine, server, or network equipment etc.) perform method described in each of the invention embodiment.
A kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing unit is additionally provided in the present embodiment, and the device is above-mentioned for realizing
Embodiment and preferred embodiment, had carried out repeating no more for explanation.As used below, term " module " can be real
The combination of the software and/or hardware of existing predetermined function.Although the device described by following examples is preferably realized with software,
But hardware, or the realization of the combination of software and hardware is also that may and be contemplated.
Fig. 2 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit structured flowchart, the device application
In base station side, as shown in Fig. 2 the device includes：Acquisition module 22, for obtaining in base station range terminal in row channel
Channel condition information, and select according to channel condition information multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of terminal, wherein, row
Channel is the transmission channel between antenna in terminal and base station vertical direction；Determining module 24, is of coupled connections with acquisition module 22, uses
Determine that multiple terminals carry out the wave beam forming arrow that pre-coding matrix calculating is obtained in vertical direction in foundation channel condition information
Amount；Processing module 26, is of coupled connections with determining module 24, for obtaining corresponding with beamforming vector according to beamforming vector
Horizontal channel, and pre-coding matrix calculating is carried out in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel by preset rules.
Fig. 3 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit alternative construction block diagram one, such as Fig. 3
Shown, the acquisition module 22 includes：Transmitting element 302, channel condition information is sent for the terminal into base station range
Reference symbol CSI-RS；Receiving unit 304, is of coupled connections with transmitting element 302, for receiving terminal according to CSI-RS to channel
The channel condition information sent after measuring.
In addition, the acquisition module 22 also includes：Determining unit 306, is of coupled connections with receiving unit 304, for true in advance
Surely the predetermined quantity of multiple terminals of preparatory condition is met；First choice unit 308, is of coupled connections with determining unit 306, is used for
The best terminal of the characteristic of channel is selected as initial terminal according to channel condition information；Acquiring unit 310, with select unit
308 are of coupled connections, for obtaining multiple chordal distances between the initial terminal selected and multiple terminals for treating selection；Second choosing
Unit 312 is selected, is of coupled connections with acquiring unit 310, for selecting farthest with initial terminal chordal distance from multiple chordal distances
Predetermined quantity multiple terminals.
Fig. 4 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit alternative construction block diagram two, such as Fig. 4
It is shown, determine that multiple terminals carry out the ripple that pre-coding matrix calculating is obtained in vertical direction according to channel condition information in base station
Before beam forming vectors, device also includes：First configuration module 42, is of coupled connections with the second configuration module 44, for configuring 2D
Uniform surface battle array UPA, wherein, 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA includes：Nt=Nh×NvRoot antenna, NhFor horizontal direction array antenna number, NvFor
Vertical direction row antenna number；Second configuration module 44, is of coupled connections with acquisition module 22, in each cell for base station
Each terminal configuration N in k terminal of random distributionr=1 antenna；HkRepresent the 3D channel squares of k-th of terminal to base station
Battle array (Nr×(Nh×Nv) dimension), Represent user to the channel matrix of the array antenna of base station i-th
(Nr×NvDimension), i=1,2...Nh, k is positive integer.
Based on the first configuration module 42 and the second configuration module in Fig. 4, the determining module 24 being related in the present embodiment,
It is additionally operable to according to each row channel informationCalculate the beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)
×NhDimension), it is shown below：
Wherein, each row channel information is Represent the i-th row channel matrix (N of k-th of userr
×NvDimension)；The beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension),Maximum broad sense it is special
The corresponding characteristic vector of value indicative,P is transmission power, nkFor
Each terminal receives noise, σ2For noise power.
Fig. 5 is multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO according to embodiments of the present invention processing unit alternative construction block diagram three, such as Fig. 5
Shown, the processing module 26 includes：First computing unit 52, for by beamforming vectorApplied to each row vertical channel,
Calculating obtains the horizontal channel shown in equation below：Second computing unit 54, with the first meter
Calculate unit 52 to be of coupled connections, for multiple terminal pre-coding matrixes using horizontal direction on ZF ZF criterion calculated level channelsOrder((Nr×S)×NhDimension), and then obtain the formula of the pre-coding matrix and be(Nh× S is tieed up), each of which row represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of correspondence user, i.e.,To be above-mentioned
The kth row of matrix, represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of k-th of user.Wherein,Represent the equivalent level of k-th of user
Channel,It isConjugate transposition.
It should be noted that above-mentioned modules can be by software or hardware to realize, for the latter, Ke Yitong
Cross in the following manner realization, but not limited to this：Above-mentioned module is respectively positioned in same processor；Or, above-mentioned module is located at many respectively
In individual processor.
The present invention is illustrated alternative embodiment below in conjunction with the present invention；
This alternative embodiment provides a kind of method for reducing system complexity, and this method technical scheme is summarized as two steps
Precoding and suitable for user's selection scheme under 3D scenes.Detailed process can be：Base station (corresponds to above-mentioned according to user
Terminal in embodiment) the progress user's selection of row channel relevancy, select row channel relevancy difference and on same running time-frequency resource
The user of service.Then two step precodings are carried out：The first step：According to the row channel information of user, the wave beam of vertical direction is designed
Forming vectors, reach the purpose for first distinguishing user in vertical direction；Second step：Assigned using the vertical beam designed in the first step
Shape vector, calculates equivalent level channel, and further according to equivalent level channel, horizontal direction is carried out using the method for ZF (ZF)
Pre-coding matrix design.It should be noted that row channel refers to the transmission letter between a certain array antenna in user and base station vertical direction
Road.Pass through the above method of this alternative embodiment so that the interference between user can be substantially reduced.
The process to the transmission method of the reduction system complexity of above-mentioned this alternative embodiment is further retouched below
State：
Fig. 6 is the 3D MU-MIMO system structure charts according to alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, base station deployment
It is 2D uniform surfaces battle array (UPA), BS represents base station；MS represents user；The system contains the use of a base station and K random distribution
Family, base station configuration 2D uniform surface battle arrays (UPA), includes Nt=Nh×NvRoot antenna, NhFor horizontal direction array antenna number, NvTo be vertical
Direction row antenna number, each user is equipped with Nr=1 antenna.HkRepresent k-th of user to the 3D channel matrixes (N of base stationr×
(Nh×Nv) dimension), for the convenience subsequently represented, orderWherein(i=1,2...Nh) represent
Channel matrix (N of the user to the i-th array antennar×NvDimension).Assuming that base station transmitting power is P, it is n that each user, which receives noise,k, make an uproar
Acoustical power is σ2。
User k reception signal ykIt can be expressed as：
Wherein, in formula (1), xkFor the sending signal of k-th of user；
The vertical pre-coding matrix of k-th of user is represented, whereinFor Nv× 1 n dimensional vector n, and (Nh× 1 dimension,)
Represent the pre-coding matrix of the horizontal direction of k-th of user.The reception Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of k-th of user can be obtained by formula (1)
(SINR), as shown in formula (2)：
System total frequency spectrum efficiency and every user's average spectral efficiency (ase) are respectively that formula (3) and formula (4) are shown：
Based on above-mentioned analysis, the technical side of the 3D MU-MIMO transmission schemes of the low complex degree provided in this alternative embodiment
Case is as follows：
First stage, base station sends CSI-RS to user, and user believes according to the CSI-RS measurement channel status received
Breath, then by information feedback to base station, base station utilizes the side of chordal distance according to the channel condition information of user feedback
Method carries out user's selection, selects the small S (S≤N of vertical direction End-user relevanceh) individual user set serviced.The user selects
The method and step selected includes：
Step S41：Definition initial user set omega=1,2 ... K }, initialization is gathered from family
Step S42：Proportion of utilization justice (PF) criterion selects first user, i.e.,：Update
Remaining users set omega=Ω-{ s1And from family set γ=γ+{ s1, and makeRepresent initial user
I-th row of channel matrix；
Step S43：For l=2:S user, is selected according to chordal distance maximal criterion
Update remaining users and select set omega=Ω-{ sl, γ=γ+{ sl, and update
Step S44：Select the S user's Posterior circle to terminate, algorithm is terminated.
It should be noted that chordal distance：It is an amount for characterizing correlation between matrix (vector), the bigger table of chordal distance
Correlation is smaller between showing matrix (vector).It is defined as follows：
WhereinIt is matrix (vector) H1, H2The orthonormal basis obtained after Schimidt orthogonalization.
Second stage, carries out the calculating of two step pre-coding matrixes to the user's set selected, below point in base station end
Two steps：
The first step：Base station is according to each row channel information of userTo maximize vertical direction letter leakage
It is criterion to make an uproar than (SLNR), calculates each column beamforming vector of vertical direction(Nv× 1 dimension), it is shown below：
Wherein, s.t.K=1 ..., S
The solution of the problem is：The corresponding characteristic vector of maximum generalized characteristic value (6)
Wherein, Represent the of k-th of user
I row channel matrixes (Nr×NvDimension).
So as to which the pre-coding matrix of final vertical direction is：
Second step：The vertical beam forming vectors that the first step is obtainedApplied to each row vertical channel, equivalent water is obtained
Ordinary mail road is shown below：
The multi-user pre-coding matrix in ZF (ZF) criterion design level direction is used againOrder
WhereinThe equivalent level channel of k-th of user is represented,It isConjugate transposition.So level prelists
Code matrix is as follows：
Said process is illustrated with reference to the flow of this alternative embodiment；
1st, BTS channel state information acquisition：
Step S31：Base station sends channel condition information reference symbol (CSI-RS) to user；
Step S32：User carries out channel measurement according to the CSI-RS received；
Step S33：User is by the channel feedback measured to base station；
2nd, user selects, and the process can be：
Base station defines initial user set omega={ 1,2 ... K }, family collection is selected in initialization according to the number of users of service
Close
According to the subscriber channel status information of acquisition, a maximum user of row channel norm is selected first first as having selected
Beginning user, i.e.,And update remaining users and select family to gather,Ω=Ω-
{s1, γ=γ+{ s1}；
For l=2:S user, is selected according to chordal distance maximal criterionUpdate
Remaining users and selection setΩ=Ω-{ sl, γ=γ+{ sl}
Select the S user's Posterior circle to terminate, algorithm is terminated.
Most 3, precoding：
Base station obtains vertical direction beamforming vector according to the solution of above-mentioned (5)Base station obtains vertical beam figuration arrow
AmountAfterwards according to formula (8) to (10), calculated level direction pre-coding matrixAfter the completion of user's selection and pre-encode operation
Signal transmission is carried out according to the signal model of formula (1).It should be noted that letter leakage noise ratio refers to the signal power of targeted customer
The jamming power and the ratio of noise power sum for being leaked to other users with it.
It can be seen that, the user's selecting party of two step precodings suitable for 3DMIMO systems provided by this alternative embodiment
Case, using before precoding is done, first carries out user's selection according to user's row channel relevancy, selects user's row channel relevancy
The user of difference is serviced again.2) a kind of both different and conventional one step precodings are provided, existing two steps precoding is different from again
Two new step 3D multi-user pre-coding schemes：The first step, criterion is maximized according to vertical direction SLNR, and design vertical direction is done
Wave beam forming, and the weight vectors of each array antenna are identical；Second step, MU-MIMO is using equivalent channel and is prelisted in the horizontal direction
Code.
This alternative embodiment is described in detail with reference to the specific embodiment of alternative embodiment of the present invention；
Embodiment one：
In this alternative embodiment so that the mono- cells of 3D-UMi have 100 users as an example, channel WINNER II between base station and user/
+ 3D channel models.Base station configuration antenna is 8*8 uniform surfaces battle array, i.e. the row antenna of horizontal direction 8, the array antenna of vertical direction 8, and water
Flat vertical antenna spacing is 0.5 λ (λ represents wavelength).Single antenna is equipped with per user.Downtilt is set to 16 degree.Base station
Transmission power Power=44dBm, noise power Noise=-174dBm/Hz.20 Drop are emulated, each Drop includes 100
TTI。
Fig. 7 is the SINR that lower three kinds of schemes are configured according to the uniform planar arrays of base station 8*8 of alternative embodiment of the present invention
The comparison schematic diagram of CDF curves, as shown in fig. 7, this programme is not done vertical beam figuration scheme (in Fig. 7 by the emulation with tradition
It is designated as：NV schemes), do random wave bundle figuration scheme in vertical direction and (be designated as in Fig. 7：RV schemes) contrasted；Originally will may be used
Embodiment scheme is selected to be compared with NV schemes and RV schemes.The Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of these three schemes is compared as shown in Figure 7
(SINR) cumulative distribution (CDF) curve.Under 8*8 antenna configurations, the user SINR distributions of this alternative embodiment scheme are obvious
It is better than NV scheme and RV schemes.Table 1 is given under 8*8 antenna configurations per user's average spectral efficiency (ase), it can be seen that originally may be used
10.04% can only be lifted by selecting the scheme of embodiment to improve 20.64%, RV schemes compared with NV schemes than NV scheme.
Table 1
Embodiment two：
This alternative embodiment has identical application scenarios with embodiment one, is only that antenna for base station configuration is changed into 8*16
Uniform surface battle array, i.e., be changed to 16 by vertical direction antenna number.
Fig. 8 is the SINR that lower three kinds of schemes are configured according to the uniform planar arrays of base station 8*16 of alternative embodiment of the present invention
The comparison schematic diagram of CDF curves, the scheme of the present embodiment two is compared with NV schemes and RV, the user of three kinds of schemes
SINR CDF curves are as shown in figure 8, this alternative embodiment can realize better performance under 8*16 antenna configurations.Fig. 9 is root
When disposing different antennae number in vertical direction according to the base station of alternative embodiment of the present invention, every user's spectrum efficiency of different schemes
Contrast schematic diagram, as shown in figure 9, give vertical direction antenna number for 8 and 16 when, the ratio per user average spectral efficiency (ase)
Compared with, it can be seen that it can realize higher user's spectrum efficiency when than vertical antenna being 8 when vertical direction antenna number is 16.Enter one
Step, table 2 is every user's average spectral efficiency (ase) table under 8*16 antenna configurations, from table 2 it can be seen that when vertical direction antenna number is 16
When, every user's average spectral efficiency (ase) performance of this alternative embodiment improves 38.57% than NV scheme, and RV schemes and NV schemes
Compare, performance can only lift 21.17%.
Table 2
| Algorithm | Per user's average spectral efficiency (ase) (bit/s/Hz) | Compared with NV schemes increased percentage (%) |
| The present embodiment two | 1.3508 | 38.57 |
| RV schemes | 1.1812 | 21.17 |
| NV schemes | 0.9748 |
Embodiment three：
For the above-mentioned precoding being related to, base station, which is used, in the present embodiment alternatively maximizes SLNR criterions, its
Its application scenarios parameter is identical with embodiment one.
The present embodiment under the scene is compared with NV schemes and RV schemes.Figure 10 is implemented according to the present invention is optional
The CDF curve synoptic diagrams using different schemes SINR when maximizing SLNR criterions replacement second step precoding ZF criterions of example, such as
Shown in Figure 10, cumulative distribution (CDF) curve of the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) of these three schemes is compared.It can be seen that using most
In the case of bigization SLNR criterions, it can realize with using performance as ZF criterion phases in embodiment one.Table 3 is adopted for precoding
The lower table per user's average spectral efficiency (ase) is substituted with SLNR criterions are maximized, as shown in table 3, step gives often to be used under the scene
Family average spectral efficiency (ase), it can be seen that the present invention program improves 22.12%, RV schemes than NV scheme and lifted compared with NV schemes
11.20%, this, which has more embodied second step, to substitute ZF criterions using SLNR criterions.
Table 3
| Algorithm | Per user's average spectral efficiency (ase) (bit/s/Hz) | Compared with NV schemes increased percentage (%) |
| The present embodiment three | 1.1797 | 22.12 |
| RV schemes | 1.0742 | 11.20 |
| NV schemes | 0.9660 |
System-computed analysis of complexity：
From the point of view of computation complexity, the main computational complexity of the 3D precoding algorithms of the present invention program is the first step pair
Nv×NvThe Eigenvalues Decomposition of matrix is tieed up, and second step is to Nh×NhInverting for dimension matrix (during with maximizing SLNR, seeks feature
Value is decomposed), total computation complexity isAnd wait under antenna number, the complexity of traditional step precoding algorithms
Spend and be：Ο((Nv×Nh)3).Assuming that Nv=8, Nh=8, then the complexity of the present invention program is Ο (2 × 83), traditional algorithm
Complexity is Ο (643)=Ο (85), it can be seen that the complexity of traditional algorithm is more much higher than the present invention program.In addition,
Row channel (1 × N is simply pressed in user's selection of the present invention programvDimension) carry out, and if with same user's selection scheme, passed
System scheme then will be to overall channel (1 × (Nh×Nv) dimension) carry out, its computation complexity is also high more than this embodiment scheme.To sum up
Understand, this alternative embodiment ensure performance while, be also greatly reduced antenna number it is more when system complexity.
Embodiments of the invention additionally provide a kind of storage medium.Alternatively, in the present embodiment, above-mentioned storage medium can
The program code for performing following steps to be arranged to storage to be used for：
S1：Base station obtains channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in base station range, and according to channel status
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of information selection terminal, wherein, row channel is that terminal is gone up to the sky with base station vertical direction
Transmission channel between line；
S2：Base station determines that multiple terminals carry out pre-coding matrix calculating and obtained in vertical direction according to channel condition information
Beamforming vector；
S3：Terminal obtains horizontal channel corresponding with beamforming vector according to beamforming vector, and passes through default rule
Pre-coding matrix calculating is then carried out in the horizontal direction of horizontal channel.
Alternatively, the specific example in the present embodiment may be referred to described in above-described embodiment and optional embodiment
Example, the present embodiment will not be repeated here.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that above-mentioned each module of the invention or each step can be with general
Computing device realize that they can be concentrated on single computing device, or be distributed in multiple computing devices and constituted
Network on, alternatively, the program code that they can be can perform with computing device be realized, it is thus possible to they are stored
Performed in the storage device by computing device, and in some cases, can be shown to be performed different from order herein
The step of going out or describe, they are either fabricated to each integrated circuit modules respectively or by multiple modules in them or
Step is fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.So, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing method, it is characterised in that including：
Base station obtains channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in the base station range, and according to the channel status
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of information selection terminal, wherein, the row channel is the terminal and the base station
Transmission channel in vertical direction between antenna；
The base station determines that the multiple terminal carries out pre-coding matrix meter in vertical direction according to the channel condition information
Obtained beamforming vector；
The base station obtains horizontal channel corresponding with the beamforming vector according to the beamforming vector, and by pre-
If rule carries out pre-coding matrix calculating in the horizontal direction of the horizontal channel.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the base station obtains terminal in the base station range
Channel condition information includes：
Terminal of the base station into the base station range sends channel condition information reference symbol CSI-RS；
The base station receives the channel condition information sent after the terminal is measured according to the CSI-RS to channel.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the base station selects terminal according to the channel condition information
Multiple terminals of related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition include：
The base station predefines the predetermined quantity for the multiple terminal for meeting preparatory condition；
The best terminal of the characteristic of channel is selected as initial terminal according to the channel condition information in the base station；
The base station obtains multiple chordal distances between the initial terminal selected and multiple terminals for treating selection；
Selected from the multiple chordal distance described in the predetermined quantity farthest with the initial terminal chordal distance base station
Multiple terminals.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that determine institute according to the channel condition information in the base station
State multiple terminals to carry out in vertical direction before pre-coding matrix calculates obtained beamforming vector, methods described is also wrapped
Include：
The base station configuration 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA, wherein, the 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA includes：Nt=Nh×NvRoot antenna, NhFor
Horizontal direction array antenna number, NvFor vertical direction row antenna number,
The base station is each terminal configuration N in k terminal of random distribution in each cell of the base stationr=1 day
Line；HkRepresent k-th of terminal to the 3D channel matrixes (N of the base stationr×(Nh×Nv) dimension), it is described Represent user to the channel matrix (N of the array antenna of base station i-thr×NvDimension), i=1,
2...Nh, k is positive integer, and value is 1,2 ..., and S, wherein S represent the number of users in current group.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the base station is by equation below according to the channel status
Information determines that the multiple terminal carries out pre-coding matrix and calculates obtained beamforming vector in vertical direction：
The base station is according to each row channel informationCalculate the beamforming vector of the vertical direction
((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension), it is shown below：
Wherein, each row channel information is Represent the i-th row channel matrix (N of k-th of userr×Nv
Dimension)；The beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension), Maximum generalized characteristic value
Corresponding characteristic vector, P is transmission power, nkTo be each
Terminal receives noise, σ2For noise power.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the base station is obtained and institute according to the beamforming vector
The corresponding horizontal channel of beamforming vector is stated, and is prelisted by preset rules in the horizontal direction of the horizontal channel
Code matrix computations include：
The base station is by the beamforming vectorApplied to each row vertical channel, calculated by formula as follows and obtain water
Ordinary mail road：Dimension is Nr×Nh, k values are 1,2 ..., S；
The base station calculates the multiple terminal pre-coding matrix of horizontal direction on the horizontal channel using ZF ZF criterionsOrder((Nr×S)×NhDimension), and then obtain the formula of the pre-coding matrix and be(Nh× S is tieed up), wherein, each row represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of correspondence user, i.e.,To be above-mentioned
The kth row of matrix, represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of k-th of user, wherein,Represent the equivalent level of k-th of user
Channel,It isConjugate transposition.
7. a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO processing unit, applied to base station side, it is characterised in that including：
Acquisition module, for obtaining channel condition information of the terminal on row channel in the base station range, and according to institute
Multiple terminals of the related sexual satisfaction preparatory condition of channel condition information selection terminal are stated, wherein, the row channel is the terminal
With the transmission channel between antenna in the base station vertical direction；
Determining module, for determining that the multiple terminal carries out precoding square in vertical direction according to the channel condition information
Battle array calculates obtained beamforming vector；
Processing module, for obtaining horizontal channel corresponding with the beamforming vector according to the beamforming vector, and
Pre-coding matrix calculating is carried out in the horizontal direction of the horizontal channel by preset rules.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the acquisition module includes：
Transmitting element, channel condition information reference symbol CSI-RS is sent for the terminal into the base station range；
Receiving unit, the channel status letter sent for receiving after the terminal is measured according to the CSI-RS to channel
Breath.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the acquisition module also includes：
Determining unit, the predetermined quantity for predefining the multiple terminal for meeting preparatory condition；
First choice unit, for selecting the best terminal of the characteristic of channel as just all the time according to the channel condition information
End；
Acquiring unit, for obtaining multiple chordal distances between the initial terminal selected and multiple terminals for treating selection；
Second select unit, for selecting the predetermined number farthest with the initial terminal chordal distance from the multiple chordal distance
The multiple terminal of amount.
10. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that determined in the base station according to the channel condition information
The multiple terminal is carried out before the beamforming vector that pre-coding matrix calculating is obtained in vertical direction, and described device is also wrapped
Include：
First configuration module, for configuring 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA, wherein, the 2D uniform surfaces battle array UPA includes：Nt=Nh×NvRoot
Antenna, NhFor horizontal direction array antenna number, NvFor vertical direction row antenna number,
Second configuration module, matches somebody with somebody for each terminal in k terminal of random distribution in each cell for the base station
Put Nr=1 antenna；HkRepresent k-th of terminal to the 3D channel matrixes (N of the base stationr×(Nh×Nv) dimension), it is described Represent user to the channel matrix (N of the array antenna of base station i-thr×NvDimension), i=1,
2...Nh, k is positive integer.
11. device according to claim 10, it is characterised in that
The determining module, is additionally operable to according to each row channel informationCalculate the wave beam of the vertical direction
Forming vectors((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension), it is shown below：
Wherein, each row channel information is Represent the i-th row channel matrix (N of k-th of userr×Nv
Dimension)；The beamforming vector of vertical direction((Nh×Nv)×NhDimension), Maximum generalized characteristic value
Corresponding characteristic vector, P is transmission power, nkTo be each
Terminal receives noise, σ2For noise power.
12. device according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the processing module includes：
First computing unit, for by the beamforming vectorApplied to each row vertical channel, calculating obtains equation below
Shown horizontal channel：Dimension is Nr×Nh, k values are 1,2 ..., S；
Second computing unit, the multiple terminal for calculating horizontal direction on the horizontal channel using ZF ZF criterions is pre-
Encoder matrixOrder ((Nr×S)×NhDimension), and then obtain the pre-coding matrix
Formula be(Nh× S is tieed up), each of which row represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of correspondence user, i.e.,Arranged for the kth of above-mentioned matrix, represent the equivalent level pre-coding matrix of k-th of user, wherein,Represent k-th of user
Equivalent level channel,It isConjugate transposition.
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| CN111954312A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-11-17 | 北京瀚诺半导体科技有限公司 | User selection method and system on channel |
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