CN106941273A - A kind of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch - Google Patents
A kind of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN106941273A CN106941273A CN201511016174.8A CN201511016174A CN106941273A CN 106941273 A CN106941273 A CN 106941273A CN 201511016174 A CN201511016174 A CN 201511016174A CN 106941273 A CN106941273 A CN 106941273A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00711—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch, belong to electronic technology field, and by DC rectifier unit, AC rectification unit switchs lightning protection unit, alternate current operation unit, exchanges backup units, load unit, battery, charhing unit, isolated location, TCU transfer control unit, controllable silicon converting unit composition.The OR gate diode access switch lightning protection unit of two rectification units, it is characterized in being in series with lightning protection voltage-stabiliser tube by lightning protection relay, when overvoltage, lightning protection voltage-stabiliser tube suctions through generation protection, AC rectification unit is output as Alternating Current Power Supply unit and provides electric current with TCU transfer control unit, DC rectifier unit is output as charhing unit motor current, after load unit is connected, in the case of having exchange, TCU transfer control unit starts, controllable silicon converting unit disconnects, for ac power supply circuit, under without communicational aspects, TCU transfer control unit is ended, controllable silicon converting unit is activated, for direct current power supply loop, normality is by three end integrated circuits, with all integrated advantages of three ends.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology field.
Background technology
Source of stable pressure is the important part of electronic product, its performance it is excellent, be directly connected to overall performance, so there is many outstanding voltage-stabilized power supply integrated circuits at present, such as 78 series, 79 series etc..Although these above-mentioned integrated series have many good qualities, still can not meet it is with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements the need for.
As this enterprise had once applied for multiple products on equipment of ensuring public security.Requirement of the product of these equipment to power supply is just very high, makes excessive demands degree by significantly larger than ordinary electrical home appliance, is inefficient by traditional design.Reason is as follows：
One is power supply often electrical equipment, and the keypoint part of most easy break-down is such to ordinary electrical home appliance.And it is even more so to the product equipped with battery, because during with battery, only load power source, does not add the charging current for filling battery, if battery electricity consumption is excessive, and initial charge stream is very big, thus more exacerbates the load of power supply, thus is easily damaged again.
Two be ordinary electrical home appliance on the day of thunderstorm season, can pull out power supply prevention, needing the used time,（During if desired for seeing TV）, because being easily alerted, can recover immediately, user expects.And class product of ensuring public security is really highly difficult, because after power supply is pulled out, being difficult prompting directly perceived, because in the life of high rhythm, it is possible to forget about these things, and now its protection function produces security personnel's blank with regard to failure.If user forgets to recover, ensuring public security for a long time will be in security personnel's blank.Very weak and present stable state is integrated in lightning protection, such as generally input ceiling voltage is only 30 volts or so.
Three be because the particularity importance of the product of security personnel, it is therefore necessary to have in design and adapt to the wider of power network change, and key benefit reason one is, when voltage ripple of power network, integrated regulator will not originally to be penetrated and cause to damage.Reason two is that the normal voltage stabilizing of energy, does not result in the failure of protection function when civil power is relatively low or relatively high.Reason three is security personnel's product is had bigger use space.
Four be that security personnel's class product necessarily matches somebody with somebody battery, and the maintenance of battery has higher requirement, and wherein charging voltage value and place value is different.If load request voltage stabilizing is pressed in voltage stabilizing, the requirement of charging can not be met, if by the voltage of charging as requirement, load will be for a long time higher than normal required voltage.This is difficult point one.Difficult point two is that, if battery discharging system, inevitable and mains-supplied system forms OR gate power supply mode to load, therefore both are with being loaded with a circuit for OR gate property.Most of time is often saves 2 volts of standard value during battery discharging, and with discharging, the value will also decline, therefore the output voltage drop of battery is of great value, if the pressure drop of the circuit of OR gate property is excessive.The normal standard of deviation then loaded is increased.Therefore what measure battery is made not produce excessive pressure drop in electric discharge using, as difficult point.It when there is civil power to load is set of system that difficult point three, which is, and is that battery system is powered during without civil power, conversion between the two is to automatically switch, thus how could realize change it is scientific.Difficult point four is how to form two parts and to power be independent of each other each other, is, when battery breaks down, not interfere with mains-supplied system, otherwise do not interfere with battery system during mains-supplied system failure.Difficult point five, some data propositions are made to switch with relay, and this scheme has a variety of deficiencies, wherein the point of an important deficiency is power consumption, difficult point six is that some scheme costs are too high, are not suitable for the popularization of product.
The content of the invention
The main object of the present invention is, propose a kind of auto switching electric source scheme of triple functions, there are a variety of advantages after implementation, one is that active part is hardly damaged, two be that lightning protection is good, three be that alternating current adapts to width, it is important that charge and discharge contradiction during Accessory Battery can be solved, so that the power supply has extensive and special purposes.
1st, a kind of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch are by DC rectifier unit, and AC rectification unit switchs lightning protection unit, alternate current operation unit, exchange backup units, load unit, battery, charhing unit, isolated location, TCU transfer control unit, controllable silicon converting unit is collectively constituted.
Wherein：DC rectifier unit is bridge rectifier with AC rectification unit, and its difference is that the earth terminal of the rectification of DC power supply unit is that connection switches diode to ground wire, and the rectification earth terminal of alternate current operation unit is to be directly grounded line.
Lightning protection unit is switched by OR gate diode, lightning protection relay, lightning protection voltage-stabiliser tube composition：AC rectification unit, which is exported, exports the luxuriant termination of a line for respectively connecing an OR gate diode to lightning protection relay with DC rectifier unit, thunder voltage-stabiliser tube is taken over control to ground wire in the luxuriant termination of another line of lightning protection relay, a transfer contact in two transfer contacts of lightning protection relay connects the output of DC rectifier unit, another transfer contact connects the output of AC rectification unit, one normally-closed contact of lightning protection relay connects the emitter stage of floating charge triode in charhing unit, another normally-closed contact of lightning protection relay connects the positive pole of filter capacitor, the negative pole ground wire of filter capacitor.
Alternate current operation unit is made up of inclined resistance, pressure difference diode, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing adjustment diode under inclined resistance, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing in alternate current operation integrated regulator, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing.
Exchange backup units are constituted by exchanging backup integrated regulator, exchanging resistance partially under inclined resistance in backup voltage stabilizing, exchange backup voltage stabilizing.
Isolated location is made up of DC-isolation diode, alternate current operation isolating diode, exchange backup isolating diode.
Alternate current operation integrated regulator is all connected on the positive pole of filter capacitor with exchanging the input of backup integrated regulator, the output end of two integrated circuits, which all connects, turns into a kind of output of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch after an isolating diode, inclined circuit is connected between the output end of alternate current operation integrated regulator and earth terminal in alternate current operation voltage stabilizing, the earth terminal of a termination alternate current operation integrated regulator of inclined resistance under alternate current operation voltage stabilizing, the positive pole of another termination pressure difference diode of inclined resistance under alternate current operation voltage stabilizing, the negative pole of pressure difference diode connects alternate current operation voltage stabilizing and adjusts diode to ground wire；Resistance is connected between the output end of exchange backup integrated regulator and ground connection ground terminal partially in exchange backup voltage stabilizing, and resistance is connected between the earth terminal of exchange backup integrated regulator and the negative pole of pressure difference diode partially under exchange backup voltage stabilizing.
Inclined resistance is constituted under charhing unit is relatively gone up inclined resistance, failure of oscillation by trickle resistance, floating charge triode, floating charge failure of oscillation device, failure of oscillation relatively.
The in-phase end of floating charge failure of oscillation device connects the positive pole of battery, failure of oscillation relatively under inclined resistance be connected between the negative phase end of floating charge failure of oscillation device and ground wire, the relatively upper inclined resistance of failure of oscillation is connected between DC supply commutation output and the negative phase end of floating charge failure of oscillation device, the base stage of the output termination floating charge triode of floating charge failure of oscillation device, trickle resistance is connected between the colelctor electrode of floating charge triode and emitter stage, the colelctor electrode of floating charge triode connects battery positive voltage, battery positive voltage connects the positive pole of DC-isolation diode, the negative pole of DC-isolation diode and the negative pole of alternate current operation isolating diode, the negative pole for exchanging backup isolating diode is connected, it is a kind of output of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch.
TCU transfer control unit is made up of conversion and control resistance with conversion and control triode：Alternate current operation unit rectification output connects conversion and control resistance to the base stage of conversion and control triode, the grounded emitter line of conversion and control triode, the colelctor electrode of conversion and control triode connects the earth terminal of load unit, a kind of output of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch of power supply termination of load unit.
Controllable silicon converting unit is made up of direct current conversion controllable silicon with direct current transition trigger resistance：The anode of direct current conversion controllable silicon connects the earth terminal of load unit, and the negative electrode of direct current conversion controllable silicon connects the negative pole of battery, and direct current transition trigger resistance is connected between the control pole of the earth terminal of load unit and direct current conversion controllable silicon.
2nd, alternate current operation unit is with exchanging the integrated circuit of backup units using 78 series.
3rd, direct current changes controllable silicon into one-way SCR.
4th, pressure difference diode adjusts diode with alternate current operation voltage stabilizing and is combined commutation diode using face.
5th, conversion and control triode uses large power triode.
It is further described below：
First, Alternating Current Power Supply has very strong reliability.
It is the main time to loaded work piece due to the Alternating Current Power Supply in the present invention, is normal time, and power supply is the part for being easiest to damage.Two units are devised in this measure for this, it is alternate current operation unit with exchanging backup units, and take a kind of special design, during this design is the connection to ground wire in the integrated regulator in alternate current operation unit, a pressure difference diode is added, so output of the output end than exchanging backup units integrated regulator will hold a few pressure difference diode；So work triode output voltage is higher than the output of backup integrated circuit, backup integrated stable voltage circuit will be sealed up a door, no current output, and power consumption is similar to zero, so backup integrated regulator will not be damaged, in a kind of Status of Backups.After the integrated device that works sleeps damage, back up integrated by automatic position output voltage.
Secondly, adjust diode to employ the commutation diode of face combination in pressure difference diode and voltage stabilizing in this part, that is, employ high-power voltage-stabilizing tube, be in the state of low load with strong power, therefore this part is reliable.
2nd, the present invention has the good explanation of overvoltage protection.
With good anti-overvoltage protection explanation：The voltage-stabiliser tube that overvoltage protection relay is connected is suctioned through, and its correspondence normally-closed contact disconnects, and to rear class formation protection quick-break, therefore is had protective effect to thunderbolt, is formed a kind of special protection.The principle that this protection is formed is that rear class is cut off, rather than short circuit, so good effect, is exactly using this fast tripping protection in the lightning protection of numerous equipment of many Compact Power Plants.By the voltage-stabiliser tube that protective relay is connected is flexible, it is possible to the anti-over-pressed grade required for being formed.This is that common lightning-arrest pipe is difficult to, because less than 100 volts of lightning-arrest pipe is difficult to buy, and less than 50 volts of anti-thunder tube can hardly be bought.
3rd, alternate current operation unit has the explanation of excellent performance.
One is output voltage stabilization, and two be to have overcurrent protection, and main cause is to employ three end integrated stable voltage circuits, and the circuit has excellent performance.Three devise tune in voltage stabilizing, with voltage stabilizing trimming circuit, it is possible to which very voltage stabilizing output is transferred to desirable value by aspect ground.
4th, the explanation of independent charge circuit feature.
In not being high-grade pressure stabilizing device, it is difficult to ensure that the unification with height that the battery with floating charge is powered with civil power simultaneously.This measure employs special design, and general supporting floating charge loop and load circuit is completely separable, thus with good advantage.Now exemplified by loading and need 12 volts, if the battery of 12 volts of adapted.Then during battery floating charge, it is necessary to 13.8 volts or so, if not designing special circuit, when civil power has electricity, power output end is for a long time 13.8 volts or so, and this is unfavorable to the load for only needing 12 volts.If power end output adjustment is 12 volts, though load request can be met, but departing from 13.8 volts needed for battery floating charge.Battery floating charge and discharge cell are devised for this system.Its floating charge principle is, when civil power has electricity, DC power supply unit rectification output has electricity, by pulse charge unit, the ground terminal of DC power supply unit rectification is returned to by battery again, it is also the negative terminal of battery, thus form floating charge independent loop, according to kirschner law, and the experiment of circuit, this floating charge loop is self-existent, the current supply circuit of load is not interfere with each other with alternate current operation unit, alternate current operation unit is to output current that the current supply circuit of load is Alternating Current Power Supply rectification, by alternate current operation unit to load, it is then return to ground wire, it that is to say the earth terminal of Alternating Current Power Supply rectification.
When floating charge failure of oscillation device（10.2 in Fig. 2）It is output as low level, floating charge triode（8 in Fig. 2）Conducting, starts to charge to battery, and when floating charge failure of oscillation device（10.2 in Fig. 2）During for a high position, the cut-off of floating charge triode, battery stops charging, now by trickle resistance（7 in Fig. 2）The trickle maintained is provided to battery.
In floating charge failure of oscillation device（10.2 in Fig. 2）Negative be terminated with the relatively upper inclined resistance of failure of oscillation（10.21 in Fig. 2）The threshold voltage of inclined resistance formation floating charge failure of oscillation device negative phase end under being compared with failure of oscillation, its principle is, when battery floating charge is to this threshold value, floating charge failure of oscillation device output high pressure, passes through failure of oscillation isolating diode（10.23 in Fig. 2）Allow the floating charge blocking of oscillator, the output of floating charge oscillator is high-order, stops charging to battery.
5th, the explanation of civil power and battery duplicate supply, its trend of powering is as shown in Figure 3.
When mains sometimes, Alternating Current Power Supply rectification exports high pressure, after alternate current operation unit, into the power end of load unit, conversion and control resistance triggers conversion and control triode, therefore by the earth terminal of load unit, load current is by the colelctor electrode of conversion and control triode to emitter stage, because changing the grounded emitter line of triode, therefore ground wire is returned to, has been the earth terminal of Alternating Current Power Supply rectification.
When mains without when, Alternating Current Power Supply rectification is without output, and alternate current operation unit without output, but now, to load unit power by battery, electric current after load unit, by direct current change controllable silicon（13.1 in Fig. 3）It is the negative terminal of battery to the earth terminal of DC supply commutation, completes power supply.
6th, the principle explanation of controllable silicon converting unit.
When mains sometimes, Alternating Current Power Supply rectification output high pressure, conversion and control triode（12.2 in Fig. 2）It is triggered, produce base flow, so conversion and control transistor collector has electric current, its current collection extremely saturation state, its base loop is, Alternating Current Power Supply rectification positive pole, by control unit transistor base to ground, collector current loop is that the output of alternate current operation unit enters the colelctor electrode of conversion and control triode by load unit and then arrives ground.Now direct current changes controllable silicon without trigger voltage, that is to say no Anode current, is off-state.
When without mains, Alternating Current Power Supply rectification is without output, conversion and control resistance（12.1 in figure）Without electricity, base flow is not produced, thus conversion and control transistor collector no current, its current collection extremely cut-off state, and the voltage of battery is after load unit, by direct current transition trigger resistance（13.1 in Fig. 2）Trigger direct current conversion controllable silicon（13.2 in Fig. 2）, loop now is that the anode of battery passes through DC-isolation diode（9.1 in Fig. 2）Enter the anode that direct current changes controllable silicon into load unit, then after load unit, the negative electrode of controllable silicon is changed into the earth terminal of DC supply commutation by direct current, the negative pole of battery is that is to say.
The present invention has following significant advantage after implementing：
The quality of power supply, directly influences overall performance.Power source performance is good, then overall performance is good.Especially important one is, important equipment is generally equipped with Accessory Battery, such as can not be to its scientific maintenance, directly affect the life of storage battery and reliability, a kind of new trouble point will likely be turned into, if two be that the power supply parameter of supporting power supply is led with the power supply parameter of civil power if there is difference, electric property will be directly affected, three be that the automatic switchover performance for needing two kinds of power supplys will get well, to ensure not being lost in for each card signal.Four be for ordinary electrical home appliance, some important performances can be made up with the behavior of employment, such as thundery sky, power supply can artificially be pulled out, and many equipment can not be made up with artificial mode, the product for class of such as ensuring public security, pulling out power supply just makes " to ensure public security " as blank, the equipment of signal transmission system is such as used in, the unimpeded of system signal can be caused by pulling out power supply.What is more, and people powers off source before can not possibly also arbitrarily going to equipment sometimes, pulls out power supply.Details success, and the uncertain category details of above mentioned problem.The present invention is a kind of performance very excellent voltage-stabilized power supply, and he has all excellent properties of current product, but also has a serial bright spot, therefore the need for being widely used for various electronic, adapts to electronic product month new day different development need.Concrete condition is as follows：
1st, battery floating charge can remain to optimum state, because float charge voltage floating charge is independent each other with load circuit.In addition pulse charge form is used, there are significant maintenance effects to battery, it is online that some critics claim battery is to be filled bad, rather than damage, and this measure can close the relative maximum scientific maintenance that charges of battery, and with such pulse charging manner, the capacity and life-span that can not only make battery will not be reduced, even defective cell is set to obtain a certain degree of recovery, so meaning is very big.
2nd, alternate current operation unit and battery are separate, are independent of each other, thus further increase reliability, and two are automatically switched when without civil power, and battery is automatically engaged immediately, when there is civil power, and battery is cut off automatically.Switch speed is fast, and because controllable silicon has strong positive feedback, thus switch performance is good, will not produce influence to load.It ensure that the performance of load.Three be power saving, proposes the method with relay in some technical data, but relay very power consumption, very unfavorable to supporting battery.
3rd, overvoltage protection is good, and relay normally-closed contact disconnects during protection, and to rear class formation protection quick-break, rear class is cut off, rather than short circuit, so good effect, by the voltage-stabiliser tube that protective relay is connected is flexible, it is possible to the anti-over-pressed grade required for being formed.This is that common lightning-arrest pipe is difficult to, because less than 100 volts of lightning-arrest pipe is difficult to buy, and less than 50 volts of anti-thunder tube can hardly be bought.This is very good to many special electrical equipment, such as security personnel's equipment, does not result in accident（As being struck by lightning）And damage, be not in security personnel's blank, in the amplifier of network loop, will not also go out after thunderbolt, the large-scale repair of amplifier.
4th, two-stage output voltage（Floating charge output voltage, with load output voltage）Adjustability is strong, the need for adapting to load extensively.
5th, simple in circuits, easily production and debugging, reason one are because the debug point in circuit is few.Two are, easily quantify very much.Debug scope loose, it is workable.
6th, cheap, wide adaptability, matching is strong.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of block diagram of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch.
In figure：1st, rectifier transformer low-pressure end；2.0th, lightning protection unit is switched；3.0 AC rectification units；5.1st, alternate current operation unit；5.2nd, backup units are exchanged；6.0 DC rectifier units；7.0th, charhing unit；9th, battery；11.0th, isolated location；12.0th, TCU transfer control unit；13.0 controllable silicon converting units；18.0th, load unit；.
Fig. 2 is a kind of electronic circuitry of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch.
In figure：1st, rectifier transformer low-pressure end；2nd, lightning protection relay；2.1st, OR gate diode one；2.2nd, OR gate diode two；3rd, AC rectification unit；3.1st, filter capacitor；5.11st, alternate current operation integrated regulator；5.12nd, inclined resistance in alternate current operation voltage stabilizing；5. the 13rd, alternate current operation isolating diode；5.15th, inclined resistance under alternate current operation voltage stabilizing；5.21st, backup integrated regulator is exchanged；5.22nd, inclined resistance in exchange backup voltage stabilizing；5.23rd, backup diode is exchanged；5.25th, inclined resistance under exchange backup voltage stabilizing；5.5 pressure difference diodes；5.7th, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing adjustment diode；6th, DC rectifier unit；6.1st, diode is switched；7th, trickle resistance；8th, floating charge triode；9th, battery；9.1st, DC-isolation diode；10.2nd, floating charge failure of oscillation device；10.21st, the relatively upper inclined resistance of failure of oscillation；10.22nd, failure of oscillation relatively under inclined resistance；12.1st, conversion and control resistance；12.2nd, conversion and control triode；13.1st, direct current conversion controllable silicon；13.2nd, direct current transition trigger resistance；18th, load unit；18.1st, the power end of load unit；18.2nd, the earth terminal of load unit.
Fig. 3 is Alternating Current Power Supply and the current trend instruction figure of direct current supply in the present invention.
In figure：1st, rectifier transformer low-pressure end；2nd, lightning protection relay；2.1st, OR gate diode one；2.2nd, OR gate diode two；3rd, AC rectification unit；3.1st, filter capacitor；5.11st, alternate current operation integrated regulator；5.12nd, inclined resistance in alternate current operation voltage stabilizing；5. the 13rd, alternate current operation isolating diode；5.15th, inclined resistance under alternate current operation voltage stabilizing；5.21st, backup integrated regulator is exchanged；5.22nd, inclined resistance in exchange backup voltage stabilizing；5.23rd, backup diode is exchanged；5.25th, inclined resistance under exchange backup voltage stabilizing；5.5 pressure difference diodes；5.7th, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing adjustment diode；6th, DC rectifier unit；6.1st, diode is switched；7th, trickle resistance；8th, floating charge triode；9th, battery；9.1st, DC-isolation diode；10.2nd, floating charge failure of oscillation device；10.21st, the relatively upper inclined resistance of failure of oscillation；10.22nd, failure of oscillation relatively under inclined resistance；12.1st, conversion and control resistance；12.2nd, conversion and control triode；13.1st, direct current conversion controllable silicon；13.2nd, direct current transition trigger resistance；18th, load unit；18.1st, the power end of load unit；18.2nd, the earth terminal of load unit；19th, Alternating Current Power Supply move towards indicate；20th, direct current supply move towards indicate.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is block diagram of the invention.Fig. 2 Fig. 3 expresses a kind of example of making.
First, from element：Lightning protection relay selects two keys relay.Alternate current operation unit is with exchanging the integrated circuit of backup units using 78 series.
Direct current changes controllable silicon into one-way SCR.
Pressure difference diode adjusts diode with alternate current operation voltage stabilizing and is combined commutation diode using face.
Conversion and control triode uses large power triode.
Triode uses the high-power pipe of high back-pressure, and direct current changes controllable silicon into one-way SCR.
2nd, weld：A kind of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch, its specific electronic circuit is welded according to Fig. 2.
3rd, the inspection and debugging being powered：Power supply is allowed to connect load unit, such as equivalent resistance first.
（1）, detection debugging alternate current operation unit operating voltage.
Tested with universal meter, alternate current operation integrated circuit exports voltage, its voltage should meet the requirements, such as brownout, then adjust the adjustment diode of integrated regulator earth terminal, increase a diode, then improve 0.7 volt.The integrated upper inclined resistance of voltage stabilizing and lower inclined resistance can be adjusted simultaneously, the voltage can adjust less than 0.7 volt of voltage, so that power supply meets the requirements.
（2）, detection debugging exchange backup units working condition.
Tested with universal meter, integrated circuit output voltage is backed up with red test cross stream of table, one PN economize on electricity pressure of output end of its voltage ratio alternate current operation unit, is exchange backup integrated circuit rosin joint if no-voltage.Now it is connected on ammeter in exchange backup output loop, it should be approximately zero that now ammeter, which is shown,.It is that pressure difference diode is short-circuited as incorrect.
（3）, detection battery floating charge electric unit.
Fictitious load is adjusted to fully charged situation, now oscilloscope display failure of oscillation, such as non-failure of oscillation, a kind of situation is the overtension of floating charge failure of oscillation device negative phase end, should by failure of oscillation relatively under inclined resistance（10.22 in Fig. 2）Resistance increase, another situation is failure of oscillation isolating diode（10.23 in Fig. 2）Weld anti-or sealing-off.
（4）, detection Accessory Battery electric discharge when situation.
Civil power is broken, load unit is connected, direct current conversion controllable silicon is surveyed with ammeter（13.1 in Fig. 2）Negative electrode and anode voltage, its pressure should be saturation voltage, if excessive, be direct current transition trigger resistance（13.2 in Fig. 2）Rosin joint.
(5) situation of detection TCU transfer control unit work.
When there is civil power, conversion and control triode（12.2 in Fig. 2）Current collection extremely low level；It is conversion and control resistance Ru incorrect（12.1 in Fig. 2）Sealing-off, or conversion and control triode pin wrong plug.When without civil power, electric current string is in the current collection extremely loop no current of conversion and control triode, and such as incorrect is that conversion and control triode is damaged.
（6）, detection switch lightning protection unit.
It is connected to the present invention on the socket containing AC voltage regulator, raises the voltage of pressure regulator, after certain value, the lightning protection actuating of relay, if do not moved, should adjust connected voltage-stabiliser tube and be allowed to meet the requirements.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch, it is characterized in that：By DC rectifier unit, AC rectification unit switchs lightning protection unit, and alternate current operation unit exchanges backup units, and load unit, battery, charhing unit, isolated location, TCU transfer control unit, controllable silicon converting unit is collectively constituted；
Wherein：DC rectifier unit is bridge rectifier with AC rectification unit, and its difference is that the earth terminal of the rectification of DC power supply unit is that connection switches diode to ground wire, and the rectification earth terminal of alternate current operation unit is to be directly grounded line；
Lightning protection unit is switched by OR gate diode, lightning protection relay, lightning protection voltage-stabiliser tube composition：AC rectification unit, which is exported, exports the luxuriant termination of a line for respectively connecing an OR gate diode to lightning protection relay with DC rectifier unit, thunder voltage-stabiliser tube is taken over control to ground wire in the luxuriant termination of another line of lightning protection relay, a transfer contact in two transfer contacts of lightning protection relay connects the output of DC rectifier unit, another transfer contact connects the output of AC rectification unit, one normally-closed contact of lightning protection relay connects the emitter stage of floating charge triode in charhing unit, another normally-closed contact of lightning protection relay connects the positive pole of filter capacitor, the negative pole ground wire of filter capacitor；
Alternate current operation unit is made up of inclined resistance, pressure difference diode, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing adjustment diode under inclined resistance, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing in alternate current operation integrated regulator, alternate current operation voltage stabilizing；
Exchange backup units are constituted by exchanging backup integrated regulator, exchanging resistance partially under inclined resistance in backup voltage stabilizing, exchange backup voltage stabilizing；
Isolated location is made up of DC-isolation diode, alternate current operation isolating diode, exchange backup isolating diode：
Alternate current operation integrated regulator is all connected on the positive pole of filter capacitor with exchanging the input of backup integrated regulator, the output end of two integrated circuits, which all connects, turns into a kind of output of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch after an isolating diode, inclined circuit is connected between the output end of alternate current operation integrated regulator and earth terminal in alternate current operation voltage stabilizing, the earth terminal of a termination alternate current operation integrated regulator of inclined resistance under alternate current operation voltage stabilizing, the positive pole of another termination pressure difference diode of inclined resistance under alternate current operation voltage stabilizing, the negative pole of pressure difference diode connects alternate current operation voltage stabilizing and adjusts diode to ground wire；Resistance is connected between the output end of exchange backup integrated regulator and ground connection ground terminal partially in exchange backup voltage stabilizing, and resistance is connected between the earth terminal of exchange backup integrated regulator and the negative pole of pressure difference diode partially under exchange backup voltage stabilizing；
Inclined resistance is constituted under charhing unit is relatively gone up inclined resistance, failure of oscillation by trickle resistance, floating charge triode, floating charge failure of oscillation device, failure of oscillation relatively；
The in-phase end of floating charge failure of oscillation device connects the positive pole of battery, failure of oscillation relatively under inclined resistance be connected between the negative phase end of floating charge failure of oscillation device and ground wire, the relatively upper inclined resistance of failure of oscillation is connected between DC supply commutation output and the negative phase end of floating charge failure of oscillation device, the base stage of the output termination floating charge triode of floating charge failure of oscillation device, trickle resistance is connected between the colelctor electrode of floating charge triode and emitter stage, the colelctor electrode of floating charge triode connects battery positive voltage, battery positive voltage connects the positive pole of DC-isolation diode, the negative pole of DC-isolation diode and the negative pole of alternate current operation isolating diode, the negative pole for exchanging backup isolating diode is connected, it is a kind of output of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch；
TCU transfer control unit is made up of conversion and control resistance with conversion and control triode：Alternate current operation unit rectification output connects conversion and control resistance to the base stage of conversion and control triode, the grounded emitter line of conversion and control triode, the colelctor electrode of conversion and control triode connects the earth terminal of load unit, a kind of output of triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch of power supply termination of load unit；
Controllable silicon converting unit is made up of direct current conversion controllable silicon with direct current transition trigger resistance：The anode of direct current conversion controllable silicon connects the earth terminal of load unit, and the negative electrode of direct current conversion controllable silicon connects the negative pole of battery, and direct current transition trigger resistance is connected between the control pole of the earth terminal of load unit and direct current conversion controllable silicon.
2. the triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Alternate current operation unit is with exchanging the integrated circuit of backup units using 78 series.
3. the triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Direct current changes controllable silicon into one-way SCR.
4. the triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Pressure difference diode adjusts diode with alternate current operation voltage stabilizing and is combined commutation diode using face.
5. the triple supporting power supplys that automatically switch of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Conversion and control triode uses large power triode.
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