CN106938530A - A kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene and its extrusion method - Google Patents
A kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene and its extrusion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106938530A CN106938530A CN201710217101.8A CN201710217101A CN106938530A CN 106938530 A CN106938530 A CN 106938530A CN 201710217101 A CN201710217101 A CN 201710217101A CN 106938530 A CN106938530 A CN 106938530A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/507—Screws characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
- B29C48/615—Threads having varying helix angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/66—Barrier threads, i.e. comprising primary and secondary threads whereby the secondary thread provides clearance to the barrel for material movement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/67—Screws having incorporated mixing devices not provided for in groups B29C48/52 - B29C48/66
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene and its extrusion method, the screw rod includes feeding section, compression section, the first metering section, decompression section, the second metering section, mixing section and screw head, the feeding section, compression section, the first metering section, decompression section, the second metering section, mixing section and screw head are sequentially connected, and one start screw structure is used on the feeding section, decompression section, the first metering section and the second metering section；The compression section uses the double thread structure being made up of main thread and added thread, and the added thread intersects with main thread in feeding section side, do not intersected in the first metering section side with main thread；The mixing section uses prismatoid structure.Simple in construction, easy to use, melting efficiency of the invention is high, plasticizing is uniform, conveying capacity is high, and yield height and stable yield under high rotating speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic extruding screw, especially a kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene and its extrusion side
Method, belongs to the production field of heat-proof polythene tubing.
Background technology
As shown in figure 1, being the structural representation of existing common polyolefin extrusion screw rod, its screw rod is single thread structure,
Feeding section 1, compression section 2, metering section 3 and screw head 4 are generally comprised, when plastics are from hopper enters feeding cylinder, so that material enters
To feeding section 1, under screw rod turning effort, compression section is gradually fed forward to by material tube inner wall and screw surface rubbing action
2, the spiral groove depth of compression section 2 is shoaled, and solid material is further consolidated, while in barrel external heat, and in screw rod and barrel
Under wall friction shear action, material heats up and starts melting, and material after melting enters metering section 3, and this section is by material dosing
From the extrusion plastic melt of screw head 4.
Application publication number is CN101774269A Chinese invention patent application, discloses a kind of high speed PB
(Polybutene, polybutene) tube single screw, including feeding section, divergence type melt zone and mixed milling type extruding zone, divergence type
Melt zone is provided with a main spiral shell rib and two secondary spiral shell ribs, and which solving existing PB tubing screw rod, productivity ratio is difficult to carry at high speeds
High, the plasticizing quality also too high phenomenon of not good, melt temperature, has obtained plasticizing quality good, productivity ratio high (300Kg/ hours)
PB molten plastics.
Authorization Notice No. is CN201669874U Chinese utility model patent, discloses a kind of for polyacrylic high speed
Single-screw extruder, screw rod is divided into feed zone, compression segregation section, metering section, mixing section from rear end to front end, compresses segregation section
Provided with main spiral shell rib and secondary spiral shell rib.The beneficial effect of the utility model against existing technologies is to reduce the Geometric compression of compression section
Than improving the conveying capacity of material, with reference to the screw rod of high speed rotation, material being greatly shortened and has plastified into viscous state from solid-state
Fusion time, reduce polyacrylic extrusion temperature, pressure of the polypropylene in head improved, so as to enhance extruded product
Material density, can not only realize polyacrylic high speed high yield extrusion, while can also realize polyacrylic low temperature extrusion.
Authorization Notice No. be CN201317096Y Chinese utility model patent, disclose a kind of PE (Polyethylene,
Polyethylene) plastic pipe high-yield extrusion screw, using three stage structure, it is followed successively by feeding section, melt zone, extruding zone, feeding section
Using one start screw structure, melt zone uses the divergence type structure of double thread, and extruding zone uses mixed milling type structure.Feeding section is adopted
Single-threaded structure is used, is conducive to the stable conveying of high speed of material；Melt zone uses the divergence type structure of double thread, favorably
In the fusion plastification of material；Extruding zone uses the structure of mixed milling type, is conducive to mixing and the high yield extrusion of material.
Authorization Notice No. is CN203665916U Chinese utility model patent, discloses a kind of plastic extrusion single screw rod.
Including feeding section, melting segregation section, barrier screen and mixing section, the feeding section, melting segregation section, barrier screen and mixing section are all provided with
There is spiral shell rib, the feeding section is two pitch airscrew structure.The utility model can reduce the friction slip between plastic pellet, improve screw rod
Material conveying efficiency；Increased step by step by the pitch of double spiral shell ribs section, realize melt pressure in feeding section and melting segregation section spiral shell rib
Transition step by step, it is ensured that the pressure stability of melt；Spiral shell rib bottom footpath is changed from small to big, and the feeding space formed between blanking bushing subtracts
It is few, the melt for melting segregation section is pushed ahead so as to produce bigger pressure.
At present, extrusion screw rod is disadvantageous in that in the prior art：1) pressure of whole screw rod is all by the pressure of feeding section
Power is set up, when head pressure is big, and this will reduce the charging capability of screw rod；2) screw rod yield is influenceed substantially by head pressure, modeling
Material extrusion fluctuation is big；3) plasticizing effect of material is not good, and melting efficiency is low, and mixing is not uniform enough, and yield is not high；4) yield is high
When, poor, the melt Temperature Difference Ratio of plasticizing is larger, Dryland crops are than larger.
Heat-proof polythene (Polyethylene of raised temperature resistance, PE-RT) raw material,
As a kind of polythene material, the degree of shear shinning is less than polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP) in shear history, because
And need more preferable shear effect in high-speed production to meet raw material plasticizing requirement；But, and due to heat-proof polythene raw material
Narrow molecular weight distribution, processing temperature scope it is small, in the case where being higher by decomposition temperature, oxidative degradation just occurs in the short time, so must
It must avoid the presence of Strong shear, but its work in-process must be made fully to plastify.Therefore current polyolefin extrusion screw rod
Be not suitable for production heat-proof polythene tubing.Therefore a kind of new and effective heat-proof polythene screw rod of design is needed to improve production effect
Rate.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to the defect for overcoming above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of special extrusion of heat-proof polythene
Screw rod, the screw-rod structure is simple, easy to use, melting efficiency is high, plasticizing is uniform, conveying capacity is high, and yield is high under high rotating speed
And stable yield.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of extrusion method of above-mentioned screw rod.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene, including feeding section, compression section and screw head, also including the first metering
Section, decompression section, the second metering section and mixing section, the feeding section, compression section, the first metering section, decompression section, the second metering section,
Mixing section and screw head are sequentially connected, and single head spiral shell is used on the feeding section, decompression section, the first metering section and the second metering section
Line structure；The compression section uses the double thread structure being made up of main thread and added thread, and the added thread is in charging
Section side is intersected with main thread, is not intersected in the first metering section side with main thread；The mixing section uses prismatoid structure.
Further, the single head on the one start screw structure formation charging spout on the feeding section, first metering section
On one start screw structure formation relief groove in helicitic texture the first measuring tank of formation, the decompression section, second metering section
One start screw structure the second measuring tank of formation, what the double thread structure formation on the compression section was connected with charging spout consolidates
Phase groove, and the liquid phase groove being connected with the first measuring tank.
Further, bottom land of the bottom land of the solid phase groove along charging spout extends to the bottom land direction of the first measuring tank, Gu
The width of phase groove is gradually decreased from feeding section to the first metering section direction, solid phase well width and charging groove width in feeding section side
Degree is identical, and the solid phase well width in the first metering section side is the first measure well width 0.1~0.2 times；The liquid phase groove
Bottom land direction of the bottom land from the added thread appearance of feeding section side towards the first measuring tank extends, and the width of liquid phase groove is from charging
Section to the first metering section direction gradually increases, and the liquid phase well width in feeding section side is the 0.06~0.15 of charging well width
Times, the liquid phase well width in the first metering section side is the first measure well width 0.7~0.9 times.
Further, the depth of the charging spout and the depth of relief groove are all higher than the depth of the first measuring tank, described
The depth of two measuring tanks is less than the depth of relief groove.
Further, the width of the charging spout is less than outer screw diameter, first measuring tank, relief groove and the second metering
The width of groove is all higher than outer screw diameter.
Further, on the compression section added thread external diameter small 2.5-5mm of the external diameter than main thread.
Further, the helical pitch of main thread and the helical pitch of added thread are unequal, and the helical pitch of main thread is outer screw diameter
1.1~2.1 times, the helical pitch of added thread is 0.8~1.8 times of outer screw diameter.
Further, the cross sectional shape of the mixing section is rectangle, and the area of its bottom surface is more than the area of top surface, the ladder
Physique structure is made up of multiple prismatoids, and the spacing between the adjacent prismatoid of any two is identical, and multiple prismatoids are in screw rod
It is divided into multiple rows of on axial direction, the prismatoid of each row annular array on screw rod circumference.
Further, the effective length of the screw rod is 34~40 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of the feeding section is spiral shell
5~10 times of bar external diameter, the length of the compression section is 10~21 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of first metering section is spiral shell
2~6 times of bar external diameter, the length of the decompression section is 1~5 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of second metering section is screw rod
5~11 times of external diameter, the mixing section is 2~8 times of outer screw diameter.
Another object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of extrusion method of above-mentioned screw rod, methods described includes：
Material enters the feeding section of screw rod from hopper, under screw speed effect, is gradually pushed to screw head and is compacted,
Gradually melted under the shearing of screw rod and barrel and external heater effect simultaneously；
In the compression section of screw rod, material starts melting in course of conveying, and under the promotion of screw rod, molten material is got over
Added thread is crossed to enter in liquid phase groove, and the solids not melted are attached screw thread and blocked, still in solid phase groove, so that real
The material melted and the feed separation not melted, the place converged in solid phase groove and liquid phase groove form solution material；
It is accurate, quantitative under the promotion of screw thread in the second metering section of screw rod after the first metering section and decompression section
Melt conveying material, the positive stream of increase, reduces pressure current and leakage current, makes to plastify more fully evenly；
On the one hand it is that prismatoid smashes solid material in the mixing section of screw rod, destroys melt, upsets solid and liquid
Two-phase flow, and stream is repeatedly separated and converged, change direction and VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of the stream in barrel, make solid phase and liquid
Mutually it is sufficiently mixed, the heat transfer area between increase solid phase and liquid phase, and certain resistance and fricting shearing is produced to material, makes solid phase
Melting, solid phase draw heat constantly from melt in melting process；On the other hand be by material carry out repeated segmentation, shunting and
Converge, so as to increase the dispersiveness to additive, color masterbatch, change of the material in motion process on direction and position makes material
Middle different component is disperseed and mixed, and obtains the extrudate of well mixed and low temperature.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
1st, in extrusion screw rod of the invention, feeding section uses one start screw structure, improves charging capability, and compression section is used
The double thread structure being made up of main thread and added thread, added thread intersects in feeding section side with main thread, first
Metering section side is not intersected with main thread, the double thread structure by optimization, is enhanced fusion plastification effect, is improved material
Clogging in compression section, improves plasticizing capacity, and mixing section uses prismatoid structure, there is immixture, screw rod to material
Distributed rendering ability strengthen, improve that uniformity on direction in length and breadth, melting effect be good, good dispersion.
2nd, in extrusion screw rod of the invention, the one start screw structure formation charging spout of feeding section, the single head of the first metering section
Helicitic texture the first measuring tank of formation, the solid phase groove that is communicated with charging spout of double thread structure formation of compression section, and with meter
The liquid phase groove that measuring tank is communicated, the solid-phase material entered from charging spout can smoothly enter compression section, will not produce resistance to charging
Hinder, crossing added thread under screw rod operating and under barrel external heat, after solid-phase material melting enters liquid phase groove, improves thing
Expect fusion plastification effect in barrel, and the material in solid phase groove can be persistently heated, increases the heat of solid-phase material
Exchange area, the solid-phase material not melted on a small quantity smoothly can also enter in metering section, will not produce strong shearing force or
Person hinders charging, shortens melting length and relative reduction melt temperature on the whole, is conducive to low temperature to extrude, it is to avoid material mistake
Heat.
3rd, in extrusion screw rod of the invention, the one start screw structure formation relief groove of decompression section, the depth of relief groove is more than
The depth of first measuring tank, because relief groove is deeper, reduces influence of the head pressure to feeding section charging capability, reduces machine
Pressure in cylinder, reduces the abrasion of screw rod and machine barrel.
4th, extrusion screw rod effective length of the invention is 34~40 times of outer screw diameter, it is seen that have larger draw ratio, can
To improve the rotating speed of screw rod, it is ensured that residence time of the material in barrel under screw rod high-speed state, it is fully plastified, from
And improve extrusion capacity.
5th, extrusion screw rod of the invention is simple in construction, reasonable in design, can obtain high rotating speed, height than yield, plasticizing quality
The low heat-proof polythene tubing of good, accurate measurement, melt temperature, highest extrusion capacity is up to 550kg/h, the general purpose single with same specification
Screw rod is compared, and melt temperature reduces 3 DEG C, can play the preferably scattered effect with distribution, and color masterbatch pigment can be mixed with raw material
Close uniform, coloring effect is good, and the heat-proof polythene tubing presentation quality produced is good, outer wall light without lines, inner wall smooth without
Fusion line, end face is without Appearance quality defects such as stains.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of extrusion screw rod in the prior art
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the feeding section of the special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 for the embodiment of the present invention 1 the special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene in compression section structural representation.
Fig. 5 for the embodiment of the present invention 1 the special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene in the first metering section structural representation.
Fig. 6 for the embodiment of the present invention 1 the special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene in depressurize section structural representation.
Fig. 7 for the embodiment of the present invention 1 the special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene in the second metering section and mixing section structure
Schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1,1- feeding sections, 2- compression sections, 3- metering sections, 4- screw heads；
In Fig. 2~Fig. 7,5- feeding sections, 51- charging spouts, 6- compression sections, 61- solid phase grooves, 62- liquid phase grooves, 63- main threads,
64- added threads, the metering sections of 7- first, the measuring tanks of 71- first, 8- decompression sections, 81- relief grooves, the metering sections of 9- second, 91- the
Two measuring tanks, 10- mixing sections, 11- screw heads.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited
In this.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 2 to 7, the special extrusion screw rod of the heat-proof polythene of the present embodiment includes feeding section 5, compression section 6, the
One metering section 7, decompression section 8, the second metering section 9, mixing section 10 and screw head 11, the feeding section 5, compression section 6, first are measured
Section 7, decompression section 8, the second metering section 9, mixing section 10 and screw head 11 are sequentially connected, and outer screw diameter is 70mm, screw rod it is effective
Length is 38 times of outer screw diameter, and larger draw ratio (the ratio between spiro rod length and outer screw diameter) can ensure in the high rotating speed of screw rod
Residence time of the material in barrel under state, it is set fully to plastify.
The feeding section 5 uses one start screw structure, and one start screw structure formation charging spout 51, the width of charging spout 51 is small
In outer screw diameter, and keep constant, the depth of charging spout 51 is 0.12 times of outer screw diameter, and keeps constant, and the width of thread is
0.08 times of outer screw diameter, the length of feeding section 5 is 6 times of outer screw diameters, due to using one start screw structure, can improve charging energy
Power.
First metering section 7 uses one start screw structure, one start screw structure the first measuring tank 71 of formation, the first metering
The width of groove 71 is more than outer screw diameter, and keeps constant, and the depth of the first measuring tank 71 is 0.1 times of outer screw diameter, less than charging
The depth of groove 51, and keep constant, the width of thread is 0.08 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of the first metering section 7 is outside 3 times of screw rods
Footpath；Because the depth of charging spout 51 is more than the depth of the first measuring tank 71, appropriate compression ratio can be formed.
The compression section 6 is using the double thread structure being made up of main thread 63 and added thread 64, and main thread 63 is led
Journey and the helical pitch of added thread 64 are unequal, and the helical pitch of main thread 63 is 1.1~2.1 times of outer screw diameter 64, added thread
Helical pitch be 0.8~1.8 times of outer screw diameter, the pitch of the main thread 63 of whole compression section 6 is different, same added thread 64
Pitch is also different, and the added thread 64 intersects in the side of feeding section 5 with main thread 63, the side of the first metering section 7 not with master
Screw thread 63 intersects, and forms the solid phase groove 61 being connected with charging spout 51, and the liquid phase groove 62 being connected with the first measuring tank 71,
The solid-phase material entered from charging spout 51 can smoothly enter compression section 6, will not produce obstruction to charging, under screw rod operating
And under barrel external heat, added thread 64 is crossed after solid-phase material melting into liquid phase groove 62, material is improved in barrel
Fusion plastification effect, and material in solid phase groove 61 can be persistently heated, increases the heat exchange area of solid-phase material,
A small amount of solid-phase material not melted smoothly can also enter in the first metering section 7, will not produce strong shearing force or resistance
Hinder charging, shorten melting length and relative reduction melt temperature on the whole, be conducive to low temperature to extrude, it is to avoid material is overheated；
Bottom land of the bottom land of solid phase groove 61 along charging spout 51 extends to the bottom land direction of the first measuring tank 71, solid phase groove 61
Width is gradually decreased from the direction of the metering section of feeding section 5 to the first 7, the width of solid phase groove 61 and charging spout 51 in the side of feeding section 5
Width is identical, and the width of solid phase groove 61 in the side of the first metering section 7 is 0.1~0.2 times of the width of the first measuring tank 71；Liquid phase groove
62 bottom land extends from the added thread appearance of feeding section side towards the bottom land direction of the first measuring tank 71, the width of liquid phase groove 62
Degree gradually increases from the direction of the metering section of feeding section 5 to the first 7, and the present embodiment is gradually increased to close to the first measuring tank 71 from 3mm
Width, the width of liquid phase groove 62 in feeding section side is 0.06~0.15 times of the width of charging spout 51, in the first metering section 7 one
The width of liquid phase groove 62 of side is 0.7~0.9 times of the width of the first measuring tank 71；The width of solid phase groove 61 is gradually reduced, liquid phase groove 62
Width gradually increases, and can effectively improve the stability that material is run in screw rod, is conducive to running at high speed；
The external diameter of added thread 64 will not produce strong shearing force, be conducive to spiral shell than the small 4.0mm of external diameter of main thread 63
Bar high-speed rotation；The width of main thread 63 is 0.08 times of outer screw diameter, and the width of added thread 64 is 0.05 times of outer screw diameter, entirely
The length of compression section 6 is 17 times of outer screw diameters, advantageously ensures that main thread 63 promotes solid-phase material movement and promotes it to melt, together
When the convenient solid-phase material melted be attached screw thread 64 and separate.
The decompression section 8 uses one start screw structure, and decompression section 8 separates the first metering section 7 and the second metering section 9, can
With independent design compression ratio and the depth of thread, the purpose of decompression section 8 is to reduce the pressure in extruder barrel, even if so doing is
Very high speed can also have constant specific discharge, be adapted to high speed extrusion；One start screw structure formation relief groove 81, relief groove
81 width is more than outer screw diameter, and the present embodiment is 1.2 times of outer screw diameters, and keeps constant, the depth ratio first of relief groove 81
The big 2mm of depth of measuring tank 71, and keep constant, screw rod stable yield under high rotating speed, and the influence with speed that is not stressed；
The width of thread is 0.08 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of decompression section 8 is 2 times of outer screw diameters.
Second metering section 9 uses one start screw structure, one start screw structure the second measuring tank 91 of formation, the second metering
The width of groove 91 is more than outer screw diameter, and the present embodiment is 1.2 times of outer screw diameters, and keeps constant, the depth of the second measuring tank 91
For 0.08 times of outer screw diameter, less than the depth of relief groove 81, and keep constant；The width of thread is 0.08 times of outer screw diameter, second
The length of metering section 9 is 7 times of outer screw diameters.
The cross sectional shape of the mixing section 10 is rectangle, and the area of its bottom surface is more than the area of top surface, and mixing section 10 is used
Prismatoid (trapezoidal polyhedron) structure, the prismatoid structure is made up of 48 prismatoids, the adjacent prismatoid of any two
Between spacing it is identical, 48 prismatoids are divided into 6 rows upwards in screw shaft, and each row has 8 prismatoids annular on screw rod circumference
Arrangement；The length of mixing section 10 is 3 times of outer screw diameters.
The special extrusion screw rod operation principle of heat-proof polythene of the present embodiment is as follows：
1) material enters the feeding section 5 of screw rod from hopper, under screw speed effect, is gradually pushed to screw head 11 and quilt
Compress, while gradually being melted under the shearing of screw rod and barrel and external heater effect；
2) in the compression section 6 of screw rod, material starts melting, under the promotion of screw rod, molten thing in course of conveying
Material is crossed added thread 64 and entered in liquid phase groove 62, and the solids not melted are attached screw thread 64 and blocked, still in solid phase
In groove 61, so that molten material and the feed separation not melted are realized, the place converged in solid phase groove 61 and liquid phase groove 62
Solution material is formed, now basic melting is completed, and the plastics and solid plastic melted are separated so that the modeling melted
Expect that the shearing that is subject to reduces, so as to realize that low temperature is extruded, this is also to realize the running at high speed there is provided condition of screw rod；
3) after the first metering section 7 and decompression section 8, in the second metering section 9 of screw rod, under the promotion of screw thread, due to
It is longer, easily establish higher melt pressure, can accurate as measuring pump, quantitative melt conveying material, the positive stream of increase subtracts
Few pressure current and leakage current, make to plastify more fully evenly；
4) on the one hand it is that prismatoid smashes solid material in the mixing section 10 of screw rod, destroys melt, upset solid and liquid
The two-phase flow of body, and stream is repeatedly separated and converged, change direction and VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of the stream in barrel, make solid phase
It is sufficiently mixed with liquid phase, the heat transfer area between increase solid phase and liquid phase, and certain resistance and fricting shearing is produced to material, is made
Solid phase fusion, is on the other hand that material is carried out into repeated segmentation, shunts and converges, additive, color masterbatch is disperseed so as to increase
Property.
According to experiment, compared with common screw, the radial temperature difference of extrudate can reduce 1~3 DEG C, and transverse temperature difference can reduce 2
~5 DEG C；Solid phase draw heat constantly from melt in melting process, it is possible to reduce the temperature of melt, material is carried out many
Secondary segmentation, shunt and converge, change of the material in motion process on its direction and position enables in material different component very
Disperseed and mixed well, thus the extrudate of well mixed and low temperature can be obtained.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is mainly characterized by：The external diameter of added thread 64 is smaller than the external diameter of main thread 63 on compression section 6
2.5mm.Remaining be the same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment is mainly characterized by：External diameter small 5mm of the external diameter of added thread 64 than main thread 63 on compression section 6.
Remaining be the same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment is mainly characterized by：The effective length of the screw rod is 34 times, and the length of feeding section 5 is outer screw diameter
5 times, the length of compression section 6 is 11 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of the first metering section 7 is 6 times of outer screw diameter, depressurizes section 8
Length be 5 times of outer screw diameter, the length of the second metering section 9 is 5 times of outer screw diameter, and mixing section 10 is the 2 of outer screw diameter
Times.Remaining be the same as Example 1.
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment is mainly characterized by：The effective length of the screw rod is 40 times, and the length of feeding section 5 is outer screw diameter
4 times, the length of compression section 6 is 15 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of the first metering section 7 is 6 times of outer screw diameter, decompression section 8
Length is 5 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of the second metering section 9 is 6 times of outer screw diameter, and mixing section 10 is 4 times of outer screw diameter.
Remaining be the same as Example 1.
In summary, extrusion screw rod of the invention is simple in construction, reasonable in design, can obtain high rotating speed, height than yield, modeling
Change the low heat-proof polythene tubing of good quality, accurate measurement, melt temperature, highest extrusion capacity is up to 550kg/h, with same specification
General single screw rod is compared, and melt temperature reduces 3 DEG C, can play the preferably scattered effect with distribution, and color masterbatch pigment can be with
Raw material is well mixed, and coloring effect is good, and the heat-proof polythene tubing presentation quality produced is good, and outer wall light is without lines, inwall
Smooth amixis line, end face is without Appearance quality defects such as stains.
The above, is only patent preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection domain of patent of the present invention is not limited to
This, any one skilled in the art is in the scope disclosed in patent of the present invention, according to the skill of patent of the present invention
Art scheme and its patent of invention design are subject to equivalent or change, belong to the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene, including feeding section, compression section and screw head, it is characterised in that：Also include
First metering section, decompression section, the second metering section and mixing section, the feeding section, compression section, the first metering section, decompression section, second
Metering section, mixing section and screw head are sequentially connected, and are adopted on the feeding section, decompression section, the first metering section and the second metering section
Use one start screw structure；The compression section uses the double thread structure being made up of main thread and added thread, the additional spiral shell
Line intersects in feeding section side with main thread, does not intersect in the first metering section side with main thread；The mixing section is using trapezoidal
Body structure.
2. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：On the feeding section
One start screw structure the first measuring tank of formation on one start screw structure formation charging spout, first metering section, the decompression
One start screw structure the second measuring tank of formation on one start screw structure formation relief groove in section, second metering section, institute
State the solid phase groove that the formation of the double thread structure on compression section is connected with charging spout, and the liquid being connected with the first measuring tank
Phase groove.
3. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The groove of the solid phase groove
Bottom land of the bottom along charging spout extends to the bottom land direction of the first measuring tank, and the width of solid phase groove is from feeding section to the first metering section side
To gradually decreasing, the solid phase well width in feeding section side is identical with charging well width, the solid phase groove in the first metering section side
Width is 0.1~0.2 times of the first metering well width；Added thread outer surface of the bottom land of the liquid phase groove from feeding section side
Extend to the bottom land direction of the first measuring tank, the width of liquid phase groove gradually increases from feeding section to the first metering section direction, added
The liquid phase well width for expecting section side is 0.06~0.15 times of charging well width, and the liquid phase well width in the first metering section side is
0.7~0.9 times of first metering well width.
4. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The charging spout
Depth and the depth of relief groove be all higher than the depth of the first measuring tank, the depth of second measuring tank is less than the depth of relief groove
Degree.
5. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The charging spout
Width be less than outer screw diameter, the width of first measuring tank, relief groove and the second measuring tank is all higher than outer screw diameter.
6. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that：The pressure
External diameter small 2.5-5mm of the external diameter of added thread than main thread in contracting section.
7. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that：Main thread
Helical pitch and added thread helical pitch it is unequal, and the helical pitch of main thread is 1.1~2.1 times of outer screw diameter, added thread
Helical pitch is 0.8~1.8 times of outer screw diameter.
8. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that：It is described mixed
The cross sectional shape for closing section is rectangle, and the area of its bottom surface is more than the area of top surface, and the prismatoid structure is by multiple prismatoid groups
Into the spacing between the adjacent prismatoid of any two is identical, and multiple prismatoids are divided into multiple rows of upwards in screw shaft, each row's
Prismatoid annular array on screw rod circumference.
9. the special extrusion screw rod of a kind of heat-proof polythene according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that：The spiral shell
The effective length of bar is 34~40 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of the feeding section is 5~10 times of outer screw diameter, the compression
The length of section is 10~21 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of first metering section is 2~6 times of outer screw diameter, the decompression
The length of section is 1~5 times of outer screw diameter, and the length of second metering section is 5~11 times of outer screw diameter, the mixing section
For 2~8 times of outer screw diameter.
10. the extrusion method of screw rod described in a kind of claim 3, it is characterised in that：Methods described includes：
Material enters the feeding section of screw rod from hopper, under screw speed effect, is gradually pushed to screw head and is compacted, simultaneously
Gradually melted under the shearing of screw rod and barrel and external heater effect；
In the compression section of screw rod, material starts melting in course of conveying, and under the promotion of screw rod, molten material is crossed attached
Plus screw thread enters in liquid phase groove, and the solids not melted are attached screw thread and blocked, still in solid phase groove, so as to realize
The material of melting and the feed separation not melted, the place converged in solid phase groove and liquid phase groove form solution material；
After the first metering section and decompression section, in the second metering section of screw rod, under the promotion of screw thread, accurate, quantitative conveying
Melt material, the positive stream of increase, reduces pressure current and leakage current, makes to plastify more fully evenly；
On the one hand it is that prismatoid smashes solid material in the mixing section of screw rod, destroys melt, upset the two-phase of solid and liquid
Flowing, and stream is repeatedly separated and converged, change direction and VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of the stream in barrel, fill solid phase and liquid phase
Divide mixing, the heat transfer area between increase solid phase and liquid phase, and certain resistance and fricting shearing are produced to material, melt solid phase
Melt, solid phase draw heat constantly from melt in melting process；On the other hand it is that material is subjected to repeated segmentation, shunting and converged
Close, so as to increase the dispersiveness to additive, color masterbatch, change of the material in motion process on direction and position makes in material
Different component is disperseed and mixed, and obtains the extrudate of well mixed and low temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710217101.8A CN106938530A (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2017-04-05 | A kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene and its extrusion method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710217101.8A CN106938530A (en) | 2017-04-05 | 2017-04-05 | A kind of special extrusion screw rod of heat-proof polythene and its extrusion method |
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| CN106938530A true CN106938530A (en) | 2017-07-11 |
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| CN108437400A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-24 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of high rotating speed high yield PP extrusion screw rods of seven segmentation of two-stage |
| CN111152436A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-15 | 贾中奇 | Environment-friendly stone paper extrusion molding screw, extruder and stone paper production process |
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