CN106937702A - A kind of high temperature season improves the feed and preparation method and its fattening method of beef cattle muscle fibre - Google Patents
A kind of high temperature season improves the feed and preparation method and its fattening method of beef cattle muscle fibre Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of animal feed and preparation method and its fattening method, particularly disclosing a kind of high temperature season improves the feed and preparation method and its fattening method of beef cattle muscle fibre.The feed of the improvement beef cattle muscle fibre, including concentrated feed and Chinese herbal feed.By the content for improving the compositions such as the chlorogenic acid in concentrated feed, flavones, eliminate the free radical in ox body, improve the activity of oxidizing ferment, prevent from stimulating to cause in ox body in hot and humid environment oxidative stress occur, damage the integrality of sarcolemma, decline muscle retention ability, tenderness is deteriorated, reduce beef quality.The immunity of ox is improved simultaneously, it is to avoid the use of the chemicals such as antibiotic, hormone, prevent in beef chemical element exceeded and medicament residue.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of animal feeding-stuff and preparation method and its fattening method, and in particular to a kind of high temperature season improves
The feed and preparation method and its fattening method of beef cattle muscle fibre.
Background technology
Guangxi day-light saving time is long, and rainfall is enriched, and solar year amount of radiation is high, and extreme temperature is up to more than 40 DEG C.The subcutaneous fat of beef cattle
Fat is thick, and no sweat gland, Thermoregulation ability is poor, physiological responses to heat stress easily occurs under summer high temperature super-humid conditions, shows as antioxygen
Change hydraulic performance decline, immunity and meat production low, meat is deteriorated.Therefore, heat stress has a strong impact on the economy of steer ration
Benefit, research beef cattle heat stress prophylactico-therapeutic measures is to promoting summer beef cattle production, improvement beef quality significant.Muscle fibre
It is the important component of muscle, the morphosis of skeletal muscle fibre has important shadow to Meat Qualities such as Meat Tenderness, succulence
Ring.Research shows that hot and humid environment, which is stimulated, can cause body oxidative stress occur, make skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxygen radical a large amount of
Produce, cross the integrality that polyradical accumulation will damage sarcolemma, decline muscle retention ability, tenderness is deteriorated.
In current techniques, free radicals in vivo is removed using feed addictive to improve meat Quality Research a lot, such as
" Song little Zhen, symbol fortune is refined to wait Honegsukle flower P.Es to beef cattle Antioxidant Indexes under hot conditions and skeletal muscle fiber structure to document
Influence [J] Animal nutrition journals, 2015,27 (11):3534-3540 ", describes Honegsukle flower P.E in heat stress shape
Beef cattle interior free yl is reduced under state, beef quality is improved, but honeysuckle price is high, it is every in the large-scale cultivation of beef cattle
It uses enormous amount, adds aquaculture cost, and it is extremely restricted using scope.And for example Patent No.
CN200610147276.8 a kind of feed-stuff additive for improving meat quality of avian fed with microorganism, by cereal crops byproduct through micro- life
The fermentation of thing composite flora is made, and product contains abundant active material, can remove body free radical, and can improve meat product
Matter.Its complex process, equipment requirement is high, difficulty is promoted in common raiser big.As can be seen that in current investigative technique,
Suitable for high temperature season and possess the technology of oxygen radical in ox body of removing and there is certain office in practicality and in effect
It is sex-limited, the market demand can not be met.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem present in current techniques, the invention provides a kind of anti-oxidation function of beef cattle and skeletal muscle
The repair of fibre damage, improve beef cattle production performance high temperature season improve beef cattle muscle fibre feed and preparation method and
Its fattening method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of high temperature season improves the feed of beef cattle muscle fibre, it is characterised in that including concentrated feed and Chinese medicine additive, in
Medicine additive weight is than the 5%-8% for concentrated feed weight.
Described concentrated feed includes the material component of following parts by weight：
65-75 parts of corn, 15-23 parts of wheat bran, 10-17 parts of dregs of beans, 1-5 parts of cottonseed cake, 1-5 parts of rapeseed dregs, stone flour 0.5-
1.2 parts, 0.3-0.8 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.3 parts of sodium acid carbonate, 0.2-0.5 parts of salt, 0.5-1.3 parts of premix.
The Chinese medicine additive includes folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract, and the mass ratio of folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract is
15-17:5。
The folium artemisiae argyi preparation method is：Net folium artemisiae argyi is taken, is put in pot, plus vinegar, at 40-60 DEG C, fry to surface and crimp duskiness,
Taking-up cools completely, plus vinegar amount is 12-18%.
The manufacturing process of the kalimeris chromocor extract is：
Take kalimeris, air drying crushed 20 mesh sieves, ether defatting, dry degreasing kalimeris powder, by degreasing kalimeris powder and
Distilled water adds extraction kettle, is that 5.0MPa, temperature are under the conditions of 140-150 DEG C, to extract 25-30min, water material quality in pressure
Than for 18-25:1, cooling, filtering produces kalimeris chromocor extract.
The high temperature season of the present invention improves the feed of beef cattle muscle fibre, and its preparation method is as follows：
(1) net folium artemisiae argyi is taken, is put in pot, folium artemisiae argyi quality 12-18% vinegar is added, at 40-60 DEG C, fries micro- to surface curling
Black, taking-up cools completely standby, by kalimeris air drying, crushes 20 mesh sieves, with ether defatting, dry degreasing kalimeris powder, will be de-
Fat kalimeris powder and distilled water add extraction kettle, under the conditions of pressure is 5.0MPa, 140-150 DEG C of temperature, extract 25-30 minutes,
Water material mass ratio is 18-25:1, cooling, filtering produces kalimeris chromocor extract.
(2) concentrated feed of the parts by weight is taken, the 5%-8% of its weight Chinese medicine additive, the Chinese medicine addition is added
In thing, comprising folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract, wherein, the mass ratio of folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract is 15-17:5, by essence
Feed and kalimeris chromocor extract are well mixed.
The high temperature season of the present invention improves the fattening method of beef cattle muscle fibre, comprises the following steps：
Choose 3 monthly age calves, 100-120 kilograms of calf of body weight, use heat-barrier material ceiling, 36 DEG C of feeding environment temperature with
Under, the high temperature season is fed daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 14 months, at 17 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630,000
Gram deliver for sale.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Kalimeris is a kind of clearing heat and detoxicating traditional Chinese medicine, and containing abundant flavones, argy wormwood is rich in chlorogenic acid and a variety of ammonia
Base acid.Added in feed after both compositions, the free radical that ox produces in vivo under the conditions of heat stress can be removed, improve heat stress
Under the conditions of beef cattle anti-oxidation function, there is certain protective effect to muscle fiber injury caused by heat stress, and then ensure meat
The meat of ox.And accelerate beef cattle metabolism, promote Beef Cattle Growth, strengthen immunity of organisms, improve animal reproduction ability and
The effect of production performance.In addition, by the feed producing method of the present invention, having effectively facilitated releasing for the fragrance matter in argy wormwood
Put, reduce its bitterness sense, beef cattle appetite can be improved, increase feed intake.
Kalimeris and argy wormwood are nutritious in the present invention, and active component content is high, and strong adaptability, in the whole nation mostly
Resource abundant Qu Douyou, its purchase cost is cheap, and easy to process, working well to reduce in beef cattle production feeds into
This, can promote on a large scale.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
By formula, 75 parts of corn, 23 parts of wheat bran, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of cottonseed cake, 5 parts of rapeseed dregs, 1.2 parts of stone flour, phosphoric acid
0.8 part of hydrogen calcium, 0.3 part of sodium acid carbonate, 0.5 part of salt, 1.3 parts of premix, 8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2.3 parts of kalimeris chromocor extract is mixed
Close uniform.
3 monthly age calves are chosen, 120 kilograms of calves of body weight using heat-barrier material ceiling, are fed below 36 DEG C of environment temperature,
Feeding the high temperature season daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 18 months, 21 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630 kilograms
Deliver for sale.
Embodiment 2
By 65 parts of corn, 15 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of dregs of beans, 1 part of cottonseed cake, 1 part of rapeseed dregs, 0.5 part of stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate
0.3 part, 0.1 part of sodium acid carbonate, 0.2 part of salt, 0.5 part of premix.5.8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 0.7 part of kalimeris chromocor extract.
3 monthly age calves are chosen, body weight double centner calf using heat-barrier material ceiling, is fed below 36 DEG C of environment temperature,
Feeding the high temperature season daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 18 months, 21 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630 kilograms
Deliver for sale.
Embodiment 3
By 68 parts of corn, 18 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 4 parts of cottonseed cake, 3 parts of rapeseed dregs, 1 part of stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.5
Part, 0.2 part of sodium acid carbonate, 0.5 part of salt, 0.6 part of premix, 6.8 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2 parts of kalimeris chromocor extract is well mixed i.e.
Can.
3 monthly age calves are chosen, 108 kilograms of calves of body weight using heat-barrier material ceiling, are fed below 36 DEG C of environment temperature,
Feeding the high temperature season daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 18 months, 21 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630 kilograms
Deliver for sale.
Embodiment 4
By 68 parts of corn, 23 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 1 part of cottonseed cake, 5 parts of rapeseed dregs, 0.8 part of stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate
0.8 part, 0.3 part of sodium acid carbonate, 0.5 part of salt, 1.1 parts of premix, 6.9 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2.3 parts of kalimeris chromocor extract, mixing
It is uniform.
3 monthly age calves are chosen, 113 kilograms of calves of body weight using heat-barrier material ceiling, are fed below 36 DEG C of environment temperature,
Feeding the high temperature season daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 18 months, 21 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630 kilograms
Deliver for sale.
Embodiment 5
By 65 parts of corn, 23 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of dregs of beans, 1 part of cottonseed cake, 5 parts of rapeseed dregs, 0.8 part of stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate
0.3 part, 0.5 part of sodium acid carbonate, 0.5 part of salt, 0.6 part of premix, 6.4 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2.1 parts of kalimeris chromocor extract, mixing
It is uniform.
3 monthly age calves are chosen, 120 kilograms of calves of body weight using heat-barrier material ceiling, are fed below 36 DEG C of environment temperature,
Feeding the high temperature season daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 18 months, 21 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630 kilograms
Deliver for sale.
Embodiment 6
By 75 parts of corn, 22 parts of wheat bran, 17 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of cottonseed cake, 3 parts of rapeseed dregs, 1.1 parts of stone flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate
0.6 part, 0.2 part of sodium acid carbonate, 0.5 part of salt, 1.2 parts of premix, 7.5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2.5 parts of kalimeris chromocor extract, mixing
It is uniform.
3 monthly age calves are chosen, 113 kilograms of calves of body weight using heat-barrier material ceiling, are fed below 36 DEG C of environment temperature,
Feeding the high temperature season daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 18 months, 21 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630 kilograms
Deliver for sale.
Test example
Test period be June 15 in 2016 to August 16 days, include 10 days trial test phases, positive 60 days experimental periods.Test site
For Guangxi White Xu Zhen cultivation bases.
From 30 first 15 monthly ages, body weight (390 ± 15) kg healthy non-castration Guangxi catalo, and Guangxi cowboying base
Ground is provided, and argy wormwood, kalimeris are by locally gathering, test feed inventive formulation ratio, and roughage uses corn herbage, after chopping certainly
By searching for food, other control measures are consistent.
Test ox is divided into control group and test group, every group 15, test ox is fed under summer high temperature super-humid conditions.
Positive examination phase test group is fed using feed of the present invention, and scale of feeding is the 1% of its body weight, after fine fodder has been searched for food, and free choice feeding is beautiful
Meter Mu Cao, free water.Cowshed uses heat-insulated ceiling, opens a window on four sides aeration-cooling.When experiment formally starts, thermohygrometer is hanged
Hang on the wall on experiment cows both sides with ox body equal-height position (away from ground about 1.5m), record 08: 00、14:00 and 20:00
Temperature and relative humidity, and record the initial weight of ox.The end weight of ox is recorded after off-test, and slaughters ox to measure its skeletal muscle straight
Footpath, length of sarcomere, muscle fibre density.
The beef slaughtered after the defrosting of ox back eye muscle is taken to boil to 70 DEG C, the time is 30min, then through 10 people according to Chinese agriculture
The meat organoleptic analysis that herding research institute of industry academy of sciences livestock products working research room is provided, which draws, carries out statistical after level scale
Analysis.
Result of the test
By calculating, cowshed morning, noon and afternoon environment comfort index average value is 83, and minimum is 76, according to data check, wet
When spending index more than 72, ox has physiological responses to heat stress, and ambient temperature and humidity index is enough to induce ox in heat stress state.
Influence of the feed of the present invention of table 1 to beef cattle growth under the conditions of summer high temperature
The different letters of data shoulder mark of going together represent significant difference (P ＜ 0.05), and no letter represents difference not significantly (P ＞
0.05).Following table is same.
As shown in Table 1, feed of the present invention is to beef cattle growth significant difference under the conditions of summer high temperature (P ＜ 0.05), beef cattle
Average daily gain adds 26%.
Influence of the feed of the present invention of table 2 to beef cattle skeletal muscle fibre form under hot conditions
As shown in Table 2, the beef cattle skeletal muscle fibre diameter of test group compared with control group without significant changes (P ＞ 0.05),
Skeletal muscle length of sarcomere adds 17.3% (P ＜ 0.05) than control group, without significant difference between muscle fibre density and control group
(P ＞ 0.05).And inspected by skeletal muscle fibre ultra microstructure, substantially swelling occurs in the skeletal muscle fibre of control group test ox
Swollen, muscle fibre is thicker, and obscure boundary is clear；Recovery state, but muscle fibre interval is presented in the skeletal muscle fibre structure of test group group
It is wider, few fibers structural damage.
Table 3 is for examination ox beef sensory evaluation
As shown in Table 3, surface color is not significantly different (P between 2 groups of the beef being cooked>0.05), but easily sting degree and
Test group is significantly higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05) on food meat flavor.Easily sting degree scoring and be higher by 46.4% than control group, eat meat
Local flavor has been higher by 39.6% than control group, and illustrate test group easily stings degree and local flavor has some improvement, and this and the present invention are raised
Expect that the lifting to beef quality is relevant.
Herein it is important to point out that, above example be only limitted to be further elaborated technical scheme and
Illustrate, be not the further limitation to technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high temperature season improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterised in that：Including concentrated feed and Chinese medicine additive, Chinese medicine adds
Plus the 5%-9% that thing weight is concentrated feed weight.
2. high temperature season according to claim 1 improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterised in that the concentrated feed contain with
The material component of lower parts by weight：
65-75 parts of corn, 15-23 parts of wheat bran, 10-17 parts of dregs of beans, 1-5 parts of cottonseed cake, 1-5 parts of rapeseed dregs, stone flour 0.5-1.2
Part, 0.3-0.8 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.3 parts of sodium acid carbonate, 0.2-0.5 parts of salt, 0.5-1.3 parts of premix.
3. high temperature season according to claim 1 improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterised in that：The Chinese medicine additive
Including folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract, the mass ratio of folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract is 15-17:5.
4. high temperature season according to claim 3 improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterised in that：The folium artemisiae argyi making side
Method is：Net folium artemisiae argyi is taken, is put in pot, plus vinegar, at 40-60 DEG C, fry to surface and crimp duskiness, taking-up cools completely.
5. high temperature season according to claim 3 improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterised in that：During the folium artemisiae argyi makes
Plus the 12-18% that vinegar amount is folium artemisiae argyi quality.
6. high temperature season according to claim 1 improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterised in that：The kalimeris flavones is carried
The manufacturing process for taking thing is：
Take kalimeris, air drying crushed 20 mesh sieves, ether defatting, dry degreasing kalimeris powder, by degreasing kalimeris powder and distillation
Water adds extraction kettle, is that 5.0MPa, temperature are under the conditions of 140-150 DEG C, to extract 25-30min, water material mass ratio is in pressure
18-25:1, cooling, filtering produces kalimeris chromocor extract.
7. the high temperature season according to claim any one of 1-6 improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterised in that preparation side
Method is as follows：
(1) net folium artemisiae argyi is taken, is put in pot, folium artemisiae argyi quality 12-18% vinegar is added, at 40-60 DEG C, fries to surface and crimps duskiness,
Taking-up cools completely standby, by kalimeris air drying, crushes 20 mesh sieves, with ether defatting, dry degreasing kalimeris powder, by degreasing horse
Blue powder and distilled water add extraction kettle, are that 5.0MPa, temperature are under the conditions of 140-150 DEG C, to extract 25-30min, water material in pressure
Mass ratio is 18-25:1, cooling, filtering produces kalimeris chromocor extract.
(2) concentrated feed of the parts by weight is taken, is added in the 5%-8% of its weight Chinese medicine additive, the Chinese medicine additive,
Comprising folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract, wherein, the mass ratio of folium artemisiae argyi and kalimeris chromocor extract is 15-17:5, by concentrated feed
It is well mixed with kalimeris chromocor extract.
8. high temperature season according to claim 1 improves the fattening method of beef cattle muscle fibre feed, it is characterized in that, comprising such as
Lower step：
3 monthly age calves are chosen, 100-120 kilograms of calf of body weight using heat-barrier material ceiling, is fed below 36 DEG C of environment temperature,
Feeding the high temperature season daily improves beef cattle muscle fibre feed, fattens 14 months, 17 months monthly ages, body weight reaches 630 kilograms
Deliver for sale.
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Effective date of registration: 20171024 Address after: Bai Wei Zhen Nanning Shanglin Zhuang village 530000 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region towards the Korean Wei No. 25 (the operation of Bai Wei Zhen Chao Zhuang Cun Wei Chao) Applicant after: Guangxi Shanshui cattle husbandry Co., Ltd. Address before: Dong Ge 530022 Nanning Road, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region No. 118 Nanning Wanda Plaza Green Building No. 3501 West 1 Applicant before: Guangxi Shanshui Agriculture Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20170711 |