Construction method of hanging type steel corridor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction and installation of building steel structures, in particular to a hoisting construction method of a hanging type steel corridor.
Background
With the increasingly tense urban building land, the continuous improvement of the pursuit of people on building arts and the daily and rapid increase of the construction cost, a plurality of overhead large-span heavy steel galleries of the super high-rise double-tower building are also increased day by day, and for the buildings with large span and high height, a hydraulic integral lifting mode is the first choice, but the steel galleries have different forms and different weights, and a proper lifting method must take the cost, the safety and the construction simplicity into consideration.
The corridor is one of complicated high-rise building structure system, and it is a connector, and perpendicular to building horizontal arrangement, most city building project's steel corridor structure does: upper portion is truss structure, and the lower part is suspended structure to the project sets up all has the multilayer basement mostly, and conventional installation method is to set up on the basement roof and assembles the bed-jig, then uses the tower crane to assemble on assembling the bed-jig after the suspended structure, carries out upper portion truss structure again, treats whole steel vestibule and assembles the completion, then carries out hydraulic pressure whole promotion. Most of the steel corridor structures of the engineering are very heavy, and the steel corridor combined installation method disclosed in the application number 2016111206577 comprises the following steps: assembling a bottom layer structure of the corridor on the ground or the top surface of a structure below the corridor by using a crane, lifting the bottom layer structure in place by using an integral lifting system, and after the bottom layer structure is fixed with peripheral tower buildings, carrying out high-altitude in-situ installation on the upper structure of the corridor by using heavy tower crane equipment such as a tower crane.
The problem that exists in the existing construction is, first: the hanging structure of the steel gallery is assembled firstly, then the truss structure is assembled upwards, the stress state is not consistent with the design, and the hanging structure at the lower part is easy to cause huge deformation and internal stress. Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the top surface of the structure below the gallery is as follows: the basement roof has far insufficient bearing capacity, needs to be reinforced, and uses profile steel and full framing scaffold for back supporting or adds steel columns and steel beams in the basement structure to enhance the bearing capacity of the basement roof, so that a large amount of materials and time are consumed, and the construction cost is increased; when the steel corridor of some projects is too heavy, the task of bearing the corridor cannot be completed by reinforcing the top plate of the basement. Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: the tower cranes have limited number and large occupied area, are assembled by the tower cranes, are assembled slowly and cannot meet the requirements of other professional constructions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a construction method of a hanging steel corridor, wherein the hanging steel corridor is connected between main body structures 4, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing a pre-installed rod piece 1 at the designed elevation of a hanging steel corridor, wherein one end of the pre-installed rod piece 1 is arranged on a main body structure 4, a lifting platform 3 is arranged on the pre-installed rod piece 1, and a hydraulic lifter 2 is arranged on the lifting platform 3;
step 2, assembling an upper truss structure 6 under the projection of a preset installation position of the hanging steel gallery by using a truck crane 8, and debugging a hydraulic lifter 2;
step 3, after the truss structure 6 is checked and confirmed to be correct, the hydraulic lifter 2 is preloaded by adopting a step loading method, the hydraulic lifter 2 is used for driving the steel strand 5 to lift 14 the truss structure 6 for the first time, the truss structure is separated from the assembly jig frame 7, the top plate of the basement is not stressed, and the lifting height is the height of the first layer of hanging type structure 9;
step 4, assembling a first layer of hanging structure 9 below the truss structure 6 by using a truck crane 8;
step 5, checking whether the truss structure 6 and the first layer of hanging structure 9 which are lifted for the first time 14 in the step 3 and the lifting measures meet the design requirements, and after confirming that no error exists, driving the steel strand 5 to lift for the second time 15 by using the hydraulic lifter 2, wherein the lifting height is the height of the second layer of hanging structure 12;
step 6, standing, checking whether the lifting structure and the lifting measure of the second lifting 15 in the step 5 meet the design requirements, and assembling a second layer of hanging structure 12 below the truss structure 6 by using the truck crane 8 after determining that no error exists;
step 7, after checking and confirming that no errors exist, driving the steel strand 5 to lift 16 for the third time by using the hydraulic lifter 2, wherein the lifting height is the height of the third layer of hanging structure 13;
step 8, standing, checking whether the lifting structure and the lifting measure of the third lifting 16 in the step 7 meet the design requirements, and assembling a third layer of hanging structure 11 below the truss structure 6 by using the truck crane 8 after determining that no error exists;
step 9, after the error is confirmed, the hydraulic lifter 2 is utilized to drive the steel strand 5 to lift 17 for the fourth time, and the whole hanging type steel gallery structure is lifted to the designed elevation and is suspended;
step 10, butting the suspension type steel gallery with the pre-installed rod piece 1 to form an integral stable stress system;
step 11, after the installation is finished, synchronously and hierarchically unloading each lifting point of the hydraulic synchronous lifting system equipment until the steel strand 5 is completely loosened, transferring the self weight of the hanging steel gallery to the main structure 4, removing lifting measures and finishing the lifting installation work of the hanging steel gallery; and gradually unloading the lifting points, wherein the unloading is carried out according to 20% in stages, the deformation condition of the structure is observed after the unloading is carried out for 20%, and the unloading is continued for 20% without abnormal condition until the unloading of the load is completed.
Further, at least four sets of lifting platforms 3 are arranged in the step 1.
Further, the hydraulic lifter 2 uses the steel strand 5 as a lifting bearing rigging, the steel strand 5 is arranged from bottom to top, and a ground anchor is penetrated; tensioning the steel strand 5 to enable the steel strand to be evenly stressed and lock the ground anchor; and debugging the hydraulic synchronous lifting system, and checking whether all temporary measures of hydraulic synchronous lifting meet the design requirements.
Further, the steel strand 5 is cut, polished and flattened as required.
Further, the cylinder extending pressure of the hydraulic lifter 2 is gradually increased to 20%, 40%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% and 100% of the required pressure.
Further, in the step 10, the hanging steel gallery is butted with the pre-installed rod piece 1, and the concrete steps are as follows: assembling and then installing the rod piece 10, and welding the rod piece with the lower chord 62 of the truss structure 6, namely a first welding line 111; welding the lower chord members 62 at the two ends of the truss structure 6 with the second welding seams 112 of the pre-installed rod members 1; thirdly, the hydraulic lifter 2 starts to unload in a grading way, and after the unloading is finished, the upper chords 61 at the two ends of the truss structure 6 and the welding seams III 113 corresponding to the pre-installed rod pieces 1 are welded; and fourthly, welding the rod pieces at two ends of each layer of hanging structure of the hanging type steel gallery and the welding seams four 114 of the corresponding preassembled rod pieces 1 to form an integral stable stress system.
Further, after the whole hanging type steel corridor structure is lifted to the designed elevation in the step 9, each lifting point is finely adjusted to accurately lift the whole hanging type steel corridor structure to the designed position; the locking is static, the hydraulic lifter 2 stops working, and the air posture of the suspension type steel corridor structure is kept.
Further, in the step 11, the lifting points are synchronously and gradually unloaded in a grading manner, the unloading is carried out according to 20%, the deformation condition of the structure is observed after the unloading is carried out for 20%, and the unloading is continued for 20% without abnormal condition until the unloading of the load is completed.
Further, the standing time is 4-12 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) a large number of high-altitude supporting jig frames are not required to be erected in the whole process, the workload of high-altitude assembly and welding is greatly reduced, the construction quality is ensured, and meanwhile, the safety risk is reduced;
(2) the method for integrally lifting the multilayer hanging steel gallery by hydraulic pressure is changed into a hydraulic multi-time subsection lifting method, a hanging structure is assembled under a lifted truss structure, profile steel and a full scaffold do not need to be used for back-jacking support, or steel columns and steel beams are added in a basement structure to enhance the bearing capacity of a basement roof, the basement roof is prevented from being reinforced in a large range, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the cost is reduced;
(3) the tower crane is low in assembling speed and efficiency, a multi-layer hanging structure only needs to be assembled by a plurality of truck cranes in a concentrated mode, convenience and rapidness are achieved, dependence on the tower crane is greatly reduced, the tower crane is given other specialties needing large-range material transfer, and project construction efficiency is improved;
(4) the main stress part of the suspension type steel gallery is of a truss structure, the truss structure bears the weight of the whole steel gallery, if the suspension structure is assembled firstly, then the truss structure is assembled upwards, the stress state is not consistent with the design, the suspension structure at the lower part is easy to cause huge deformation and internal stress, the installation method is in accordance with the stress design principle, and the stress deformation and the internal stress of the suspension structure are avoided.
The construction method for the multilayer suspended steel gallery meets the requirements of the national current acceptance standard on the appearance quality, the welding line, the component quality and the like, perfectly realizes the design intention, can provide reference and guidance for the construction similar to the multilayer suspended structure, and has popularization and application prospects.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The primary objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of step 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of step 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first lifting of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of step 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second lifting of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of step 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the third lifting according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of step 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a fourth lifting operation according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the welding sequence of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a finishing schematic of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-preassembled rod piece, 2-hydraulic lifter, 3-lifting platform, 4-main body structure, 5-steel strand, 6-truss structure, 61-upper chord, 62-lower chord, 7-assembling jig, 8-truck crane, 9-first layer hanging structure, 10-after-loading rod piece, 11-welding seam, 111-welding seam one, 112-welding seam two, 113-welding seam three, 114-welding seam four, 12-second layer hanging structure, 13-third layer hanging structure, 14-first lifting, 15-second lifting, 16-third lifting and 17-fourth lifting.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
the invention relates to a hoisting construction method of a hanging steel corridor, wherein the hanging steel corridor is connected between built main body structures 4, and step 1, a preassembled rod piece 1 is installed at the designed elevation of the steel corridor, one end of the preassembled rod piece 1 is arranged on the main body structures 4, a lifting platform 3 is arranged on the preassembled rod piece 1, at least four groups of lifting platforms 3 are arranged, and a hydraulic lifter 2 (shown in figure 1) is arranged on each group of lifting platforms 3; installing hydraulic synchronous lifting system equipment comprising a hydraulic pump source system, a hydraulic lifter 2, a sensor and the like;
step 2, assembling the hanging steel gallery under the projection of the preset installation position of the hanging steel gallery, assembling an upper truss structure 6 of the hanging steel gallery at the +/-0.000 elevation position of the top plate of the basement by using a truck crane 8, debugging a hydraulic lifter 2 and a steel strand 5, and checking whether the truss structure 6 meets the design requirement (as shown in figure 2); the hydraulic lifter 2 uses the steel strand 5 as a lifting bearing rigging, the steel strand 5 is arranged from bottom to top, and a ground anchor penetrates through the steel strand 5; the steel strand 5 is cut, polished and flattened as required, and then is respectively fixedly connected with 4 hoisting points symmetrically arranged at two ends of the upper chord 61; tensioning the steel strand 5 to enable the steel strand to be evenly stressed and lock the ground anchor; debugging the hydraulic synchronous lifting system, and checking whether all temporary measures of hydraulic synchronous lifting meet design requirements; the hydraulic lifter 2 and the facilities have small volume and weight, strong maneuvering capability and convenient transportation and installation; the number of the hanging points can be flexibly set according to actual conditions such as elevation, weight of the hanging steel gallery and the like;
step 3, after checking and confirming that no fault exists, the hydraulic lifter 2 is preloaded by adopting a step loading method (as shown in fig. 3), the hydraulic lifter 2 is utilized to drive the steel strand 5 to lift 14 the truss structure 6 for the first time, the truss structure is separated from the assembly jig frame 7, so that the top plate of the basement is not stressed, and the lifting height is the height of the first layer of hanging type structure 9;
the following care must be taken during construction: (1) the cylinder extending pressure of the hydraulic lifter 2 is gradually increased to 20% and 40% of the required pressure, and under the condition that all the pressure is normal, the hydraulic lifter can be continuously loaded to 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% and 100%.
(2) If the truss structure 6 moves when it is just starting to be lifted, the operation is suspended and the hydraulic equipment system pressure is maintained. The hydraulic synchronous lifting system equipment is comprehensively checked, and the lifting can be continued only under the condition that the stability and the safety of the whole structure are confirmed to be absolutely free.
(3) In the process of the graded loading, after each step of the graded loading is finished, the step is suspended and checked, such as deformation conditions before and after the loading of the truss structure 6 and the like, and the stability of the built structure 4 and the like. In all normal cases, the next step of hierarchical loading is continued.
(4) When the truss structure 6 is loaded in a grading manner, namely, the truss structure 6 leaves the assembling jig 7, the situation that each point leaves the ground at different times can exist, at this time, the lifting speed is reduced, the situation that each point leaves the ground is closely observed, and the 'single-click' lifting is carried out if necessary to ensure the levelness of the truss structure 6.
(5) The hydraulic lifter 2 is locked, stays in the air for more than 12 hours for comprehensive inspection, the deformation and stress conditions of lifting point structures, a bearing system, lifting equipment, trusses and welding lines are emphatically inspected, the distance between each lifting point and the assembling jig frame 7 is detected by a measuring instrument, and the relative height difference of each lifting point is calculated. The height of each lifting point is adjusted through the hydraulic lifter 2, so that the truss structure 6 reaches a horizontal posture.
And 4, as shown in fig. 4, after checking and confirming that the truss structure is correct, assembling a first layer of hanging structure 9 below the truss structure 6 by using a truck crane 8.
And 5, checking whether the lifted truss structure 6, the first layer of hanging structure 9 and lifting measures meet design requirements, specifically, carrying out flaw detection and appearance inspection of a welding seam 11 on the truss structure 6 and the first layer of hanging structure 9, and after confirming that no fault exists, driving the steel strand 5 to carry out secondary lifting 15 by using the hydraulic lifter 2, wherein the lifting height is the height of the second layer of hanging structure 12 (as shown in fig. 5).
And 6, after standing for 12 hours, checking again, after confirming that no fault exists, assembling a second-layer hanging structure 12 below the truss structure 6 by using the truck crane 8, and checking whether the design requirements are met after assembling is finished, wherein a construction process schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 6.
And 7, after the situation that no fault exists is confirmed, the hydraulic lifter 2 is used for driving the steel strand 5 to lift 16 for the third time, and the lifting height is the height of the third layer of hanging structure 13, as shown in fig. 7.
And 8, after standing for 12 hours, checking again, after the situation is confirmed to be correct, assembling a third-layer hanging structure 11 below the truss structure 6 by using the truck crane 8, and checking whether the design requirements are met after assembling is finished, wherein the schematic diagram of the construction process is shown in fig. 8.
Although the hydraulic lifter 2 only improves the height of the truss structure 6 by one layer of hanging structure, unexpected effects can be brought during field construction, the top surface of the structure below the hanging steel gallery does not need bearing force, the procedure of strengthening and reinforcing the top plate below the top surface is saved, and a large amount of reinforcing materials, construction time and labor cost are saved; the construction link is little influenced by weather, a tower crane is not needed during assembly, and the truck crane 8 can complete the construction, so that the construction time is effectively shortened, the construction site is saved, and the construction cost is reduced; most importantly: the installation method is in accordance with the design stress principle, avoids the generation of the stress deformation and the internal stress of the hanging structure, and has good quality of the hanging steel gallery.
Step 9, after the error is confirmed, the hydraulic lifter 2 is utilized to drive the steel strand 5 to lift 17 for the fourth time, the whole hanging type steel gallery structure is lifted to the design elevation (as shown in figure 9), and the suspension is suspended; fine adjustment is carried out on each lifting point to enable the lifting point to be accurately lifted to reach a designed position; the hydraulic lifter 2 stops working when the locking is static, and the air posture of the suspension type steel corridor structure is kept; in the lifting process, the displacement, elevation and stress condition of each lifting point are closely monitored by matching with a level gauge and a theodolite, and when horizontal deviation or two lifting points are asynchronous, the adjustment is timely carried out through a computer control system. Leveling operation is required to be carried out once when the suspended steel corridor structure is lifted for 5m, if the error exceeds 10mm, single machine debugging operation is carried out immediately, and the suspended steel corridor structure is kept on the same plane in the lifting process;
step 10, butting the suspension type steel gallery with the pre-installed rod piece 1, and specifically comprises the following steps: assembling and then installing the rod piece 10, and welding the rod piece with the lower chord 62 of the truss structure 6, namely a first welding line 111; welding the lower chords 62 at the two ends of the truss structure 6 with the second welding seams 112 corresponding to the pre-installed rod pieces 1; thirdly, the hydraulic lifter 2 starts to unload in a grading way, and after the unloading is finished, the upper chords 61 at the two ends of the truss structure 6 and the welding seams III 113 corresponding to the pre-installed rod pieces 1 are welded; and fourthly, welding the rod pieces at two ends of each layer of hanging structure of the hanging type steel gallery and the welding seams IV 114 corresponding to the preassembled rod pieces 1 to form an integral stable stress system (as shown in figure 10).
Step 11, after the installation is finished, synchronously and hierarchically unloading each lifting point of the hydraulic synchronous lifting system equipment until the steel strand 5 is completely loosened, transferring the self weight of the hanging steel gallery to the main structure 4, removing the lifting measures, and finishing the lifting installation work of the hanging steel gallery (as shown in fig. 11); and gradually unloading the lifting points, wherein the unloading is carried out according to 20% in stages, the deformation condition of the structure is observed after the unloading is carried out for 20%, and the unloading is continued for 20% without abnormal condition until the unloading of the load is completed.
After the hanging steel gallery is lifted in place in the step 10, the lifting point is at the upper chord 61 part of the hanging steel gallery as the hanging steel gallery is still kept in a lifting state, and the rod at the part is in a stressed state. If the part is welded firstly, poor welding internal stress is generated on the welding seam of the part after the lifting steel strand 5 is released. Therefore, first, the rear loading bar 10 and the lower chord 62 in the free state are welded, i.e., the first weld 111. After welding, the steel strand 5 is lifted to be simultaneously released and graded for unloading, and the weight of the whole hanging type steel gallery is transferred to be supported by the stress of the rear loading rod piece 10 and the lower chord 62. And after the overall adjustment meets the design requirement, finally welding the upper chord 61 and the hanging structure rod piece of the truss structure 6, namely welding seam four 114. The welding method greatly reduces the welding residual stress of the steel gallery, effectively reduces the potential safety hazard of the building structure, and prolongs the service life of the building.
In summary, the construction method disclosed by the invention lifts the multi-layer hanging steel gallery hydraulically and partially for many times, assembles three layers of hanging structures below the lifted truss structure for many times,
(1) a large number of high-altitude supporting jig frames are not required to be erected in the whole process, the workload of high-altitude assembly and welding is greatly reduced, the construction quality is ensured, and meanwhile, the safety risk is reduced;
(2) the method for integrally lifting the multilayer hanging steel gallery by hydraulic pressure is changed into a hydraulic multi-time subsection lifting method, a hanging structure is assembled under a lifted truss structure, profile steel and a full scaffold do not need to be used for back-jacking support, or steel columns and steel beams are added in a basement structure to enhance the bearing capacity of a basement roof, the basement roof is prevented from being reinforced in a large range, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the cost is reduced;
(3) the tower crane is low in assembling speed and efficiency, a multi-layer hanging structure only needs to be assembled by a plurality of truck cranes in a concentrated mode, convenience and rapidness are achieved, dependence on the tower crane is greatly reduced, the tower crane is given other specialties needing large-range material transfer, and project construction efficiency is improved;
(4) the main stress part of the suspension type steel gallery is of a truss structure, the truss structure bears the weight of the whole steel gallery, if the suspension structure is assembled firstly, then the truss structure is assembled upwards, the stress state is not consistent with the design, the suspension structure at the lower part is easy to cause huge deformation and internal stress, the construction method conforms to the design stress principle, and the generation of stress deformation and internal stress of the suspension structure is avoided.
(5) The construction method for the multilayer suspended steel gallery meets the requirements of the national current acceptance standard on the appearance quality, the welding line, the component quality and the like, perfectly realizes the design intention, can provide reference and guidance for the construction similar to the multilayer suspended structure, and has popularization and application prospects.
In the lifting process of the construction unit, the rod pieces in the lifting area need to be temporarily reinforced to meet the requirement of integral lifting, the deformation caused by self-weight stress in lifting is offset, and the rod pieces form a stable whole so as to be lifted, and the prior art is adopted and is not repeated. The lifting point position is set as a conventional choice for hydraulic lifting type construction. The flaw detection of the steel structure adopts the prior art; the installation and the cooperative use of the hydraulic synchronous lifting system equipment, including the hydraulic pump source system, the hydraulic lifter and the sensor are temporary measures in the prior art, and are not described again here.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that may be made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention will be covered by the scope of the present invention.