CN106929699A - A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method - Google Patents
A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106929699A CN106929699A CN201511020214.6A CN201511020214A CN106929699A CN 106929699 A CN106929699 A CN 106929699A CN 201511020214 A CN201511020214 A CN 201511020214A CN 106929699 A CN106929699 A CN 106929699A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method, belong to metal material processing field.The device is main to be made up of melt treatment crucible, combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit, combined electromagnetic module is arranged on the bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible, various dimensions machinery turbulator is arranged in melt treatment crucible, and temperature conditioning unit is arranged on the top and bottom of melt treatment crucible.The present invention realizes integral macroscopic convection current with localized micro turbulent flow coupling simultaneously in the case where bath surface stable condition is ensured, reduce Temperature Field in Melt and into branch each dimension gradient, precise control melt solidified structure, can prepare the uniform big specification high-alloying aluminium alloy ingot casting of fine microstructures composition or casting；And mechanical turbulator leaves inert gas action passage, automatic degasification slagging-off is realized in melt treatment process, improve melt treatment efficiency, it is cost-effective.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing field, more particularly to a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment
Device and method.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy turns into the first-selected lightweight of Aero-Space, track traffic and automobile and other industries with its excellent characteristic
Structural material, consumption is very big.With the lifting of manufacturing industry equipment capability, bulk transport rocket, high function fighters,
The aluminium alloy capability of the high-end equipment Requirement such as bullet train, new-energy automobile is more and more diversified, comprehensive performance
Also more and more higher, and the raising of aluminium alloy capability is necessarily accompanied with addition and the pivot cellulose content of specific alloy element
Lifting.Invariably accompanied in high-alloying aluminium alloy material preparation process alloy element component segregation, it is easy to crack,
The problems such as uneven microstructure, more protruded particularly with problem for large volume melt coagulation forming, therefore large volume
High-alloying aluminium alloy material is very strict to metallurgical quality requirement.The conventional aluminium alloy melt processing means in the country are very
Difficulty meets requirement of the high-alloying aluminium alloy to metallurgical quality, and associated alloys are had to dependence on import.
It is that alloying elements distribution is uniform in melt that large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy material prepares difficult main cause
Property control is difficult, the control of the oxide inclusion that component segregation brings and hydrogen content is difficult, large volume melt temperature is uniform
Property control is difficult waits three aspects.Traditional melt treating method is adopted before alloy material preparation or in preparation process
Inclusion content in aluminium alloy and hydrogen content are controlled with certain degasification and filters, it is impossible to fundamentally
Meet requirement of the high-alloying aluminium alloy to melt metallurgical quality.
In order to improve aluminium alloy melt metallurgical quality, many domestic and foreign scholars have all carried out long-term research.US aluminum
The Alcoa469 methods of industry company exploitation and the rotation of U.S. combinating carbide company exploitation spray inert gas and swim
Method is floated and is escaped using the hydrogen in partial pressure official post aluminum melt of the hydrogen in aluminum melt and bubble, is removed so as to reach
The purpose of hydrogen, but the bath composition of key and the uniformity in temperature field are not related to.Chinese patent
The method of the purifying aluminium alloy melt that CN00127937 and CN200510026593 is proposed, primarily focuses on pairing
The filtering of oxide and Slag inclusion in golden melt, reduces the content and chi of Slag inclusion while melt hydrogen content is reduced
It is very little, also without the bath composition and the uniformity in temperature field that are related to key.Above-mentioned melt treating method is to common
Low alloying purifying aluminium alloy melt tool has certain effect, but for improving large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt
Quality, its effect is just very faint.
The content of the invention
For problem above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device
And method.The apparatus and method take full advantage of the energy high density that Combined type electric magnetic field has and spatter property and
Superior response and controllability, while by the ingehious design of various dimensions machinery turbulator, melt flows show
The state that macroscopic convection and local turbulent coexist, the stirring action for being subject to melt is more abundant, thus temperature field and
It is distributed in whole melt volume into branch more uniform；Simultaneously in turbulent system inert gas be passed through increased it is molten
The degasification slag removing function of body.
A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device, the device it is main by melt treatment crucible, it is compound
Formula electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit composition, described combined electromagnetic module are arranged on molten
Body processes the bottom and periphery of crucible, and described various dimensions machinery turbulator is arranged in melt treatment crucible, described
Temperature conditioning unit be arranged on melt treatment crucible top and bottom.
In the apparatus, core apparatus are combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit.It is multiple
Box-like electromagnetic module is mainly made up of bottom magnetic field generator and Circumferential field generator, and described bottom magnetic field occurs
Device and Circumferential field generator are separately mounted to the bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible；Various dimensions machinery turbulator master
To be made up of movable channel bar, turbulent rotor and plenum system, described turbulent rotor is arranged on movable channel
On bar；Temperature conditioning unit is mainly made up of top temperature control system, bottom temperature control system and temperature detection regulating system.
Top temperature control system is Elema heater, and top heating, described Elema peace are realized by Elema
In the top temperature control lid of melt treatment crucible；Bottom temperature control system is thermal resistance heater, with high efficiency thermoelectric
It is thermal source to hinder；Temperature detection regulating system include temperature sensor and temperature control PLC module, with top temperature control system and
Bottom temperature control system is connected, by melt temperature, temperature in temperature detection regulating system real-time monitoring and regulation crucible
Control unit is by adjusting the magnitude of current precise control alloy melt temperature in crucible top Elema and bottom thermal resistance.
In combined electromagnetic module, bottom magnetic field generator is traveling-wave magnetic field generator or pulsed magnetic generator；
Circumferential field generator is vertical rotary magnetic field generator or horizontal rotation magnetic field generator.
Movable channel bar inside is hollow, and stomata is set on described turbulent rotor, and plenum system is by removable
Stomata on the inside of passage bar and turbulent rotor is supplied gas, and inert gas is passed through inside melt, realizes removing for melt
Gas removes the gred.Movable channel bar is arranged on the top of melt treatment crucible, is connected with body of heater periphery mechanical device,
It is capable of achieving rotation and moves horizontally.Various dimensions machinery turbulator can be a set of or many sets, in running itself
Rotation can also be translated by fixation locus simultaneously, and turbulent rotor can have various design structures.
The capacity of large volume melt treatment crucible is 500~5000Kg, and crucible is shaped as hexahedron or cylinder
Shape.Large volume melt treatment crucible is connected with automatic mechanical system, and melt treatment earthenware is controlled by automatic mechanical system
The movement of crucible and other actions.
Deslagging device is provided with the top of melt treatment crucible internal walls, the oxide of bath surface is floated on for filtering
And field trash etc..
The liquid form of melt is main to be controlled by combined electromagnetic module and various dimensions machinery turbulator, realization treatment
During macroscopic convection is acted on simultaneously with local turbulent under the conditions of alloy melt surface-stable state.
Based on said apparatus, the present invention proposes a kind of method of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment, including
Following steps：The treatment temperature of aluminium alloy melt in melt treatment crucible is adjusted by temperature conditioning unit, treats that temperature reaches
After necessary requirement, while the magnetic field generator for opening bottom and circumference carries out three-dimensional Combined type electric magnetic treatment, then
The mechanical turbulator that will be preheated screws in melt, and the speed that mechanical turbulator screws in melt is preferably 50~100r/min,
The depth for screwing in melt is preferably away from 10~20cm of crucible bottom positions, makes its rotation in melt treatment crucible
Translated by desired guiding trajectory simultaneously, while being passed through inert gas carries out degasification to alloy melt except Slag treatment；Pass through
Composite high-density magnetic field and various dimensions machinery turbulent flow promote alloy melt to be in macroscopic convection under the conditions of surface-stable
The state acted on simultaneously with local turbulent so that there is uniform temperature field and composition in the range of melt whole volume
；Pending completion, the oxide and field trash for floating on bath surface are filtered out using mechanical deslagging device, then
Melt is molded by continuous casting, compression casting or other modes.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention：
(1) compared with traditional melt treatment mode, due to the Combined type electric present invention employs bottom and circumference
Magnetic treatment, makes melt produce strong disturbance, while the effect for being aided with various dimensions machinery turbulator can make melt macroscopic view
Regular convection current is produced with local aspect, makes stirring action more abundant, Temperature Field in Melt and will not edge into branch
There is gradient in each dimension, realize the precise control to alloy melt solidified structure, obtain the solidified structure of fine uniform,
Finally prepare high-quality aluminum alloy material.
(2) compared with traditional online treatment, due to the introducing of double heating systems, temperature in melt treatment crucible is made
Degree control is more accurate, can effective guarantee pouring temperature stabilization；While mechanical turbulator strengthens melt convection simultaneously
Can also the new gas of non-involvement, and automatic degasification slagging-off is realized during melt treatment, improve melt treatment
Efficiency, it is cost-effective.
(3) can effectively solve alloying element gross mass more than 5% or alloying element atomic weight and aluminium atom difference compared with
The component segregation problem that big high-alloying aluminium alloy melt is present, greatly reduces the preparation difficulty of subsequent product.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment schematic device.
Main Reference Numerals explanation：
The top temperature control lid of 1 melt treatment crucible 2
The movable channel bar of 3 Elema 4
The deslagging device of 5 alloy melt 6
The thermal resistance of 7 Circumferential field generator 8
The turbulent rotor of 9 bottom magnetic field generator 10
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device of the invention, is mainly melted by large volume
Body treatment crucible 1, combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit composition, combined electromagnetic
Module is arranged on the bottom and periphery (surrounding) of melt treatment crucible 1, and various dimensions machinery turbulator is arranged on melt
Inside treatment crucible 1, temperature conditioning unit is arranged on the top and bottom of melt treatment crucible 1.
In the apparatus, combined electromagnetic module is main by 7 groups of bottom magnetic field generator 9 and Circumferential field generator
Into；Bottom magnetic field generator 9 and Circumferential field generator 7 are separately mounted to the bottom of melt treatment crucible 1 and outer
Enclose；Bottom magnetic field generator 9 is traveling-wave magnetic field generator or pulsed magnetic generator；Circumferential field generator 7
It is vertical rotary magnetic field generator or horizontal rotation magnetic field generator.
Various dimensions machinery turbulator is main to be made up of movable channel bar 4, turbulent rotor 10 and plenum system；Turbulent flow
Rotor 10 is arranged on movable channel bar 4, and movable channel bar 4 is arranged on the top of melt treatment crucible 1,
Rotation is carried out by control device and is moved horizontally；The inside of movable channel bar 4 is hollow structure, turbulent rotor 10
Upper setting stomata, the stomata on inside and turbulent rotor 10 that plenum system passes through movable channel bar 4 is supplied gas,
What the degasification slag removing function of melt was realized by inert gas that plenum system is passed through.Various dimensions machinery turbulator can be with
It is a set of or many sets, itself rotation can also be translated by fixation locus simultaneously in running, turbulent rotor 10
There can be various design structures.
Temperature conditioning unit is mainly made up of top temperature control system, bottom temperature control system and temperature detection regulating system.Top
Temperature control system is heated for Elema 3, and top heating is realized by Elema 3, and Elema 3 is arranged on melt treatment
In the top temperature control lid 2 of crucible 1；Bottom temperature control system is heated for thermal resistance 8, with High Efficiency Thermal resistance 8 as thermal source,
Thermal resistance 8 is located at the bottom of melt treatment crucible 1.Temperature detection regulating system includes temperature sensor and temperature control PLC
Module, is connected with top temperature control system and bottom temperature control system.By melt in temperature conditioning unit real-time monitoring crucible
Temperature, temperature conditioning unit is closed by adjusting the magnitude of current precise control in crucible top Elema 3 and bottom thermal resistance 8
The temperature of golden melt 5.
The aluminium alloy melt capacity of large volume melt treatment crucible 1 is 500~5000Kg, and crucible stereochemical structure can be
Hexahedron or cylindrical.Large volume melt treatment crucible 1 is acted by automatic mechanical system control.
Deslagging device 6 is arranged at the top of the inwall of melt treatment crucible 1, and the oxygen of bath surface is floated on for filtering
Compound and field trash etc..
When processing aluminium alloy melt using device of the invention, the aluminium alloy after fusing is first poured into melt treatment crucible
In 1, by the magnitude of current in Elema 3 and bottom thermal resistance 8 in attemperating unit regulation top temperature control lid 2 come smart
The temperature of alloy melt 5 in true control process chamber；Open crucible bottom simultaneously after alloy melt 5 reaches required temperature
Portion's magnetic field generator 9 and Circumferential field generator 7, one or more sets machineries that then will be preheating to uniform temperature are disorderly
Stream device, including movable channel bar 4 and turbulent rotor 10, screw in alloy melt 5, when rotor reaches certain
Keep being translated by desired guiding trajectory in processing chamber while fixed rotating speed after depth, while being passed through inert gas pair
Alloy melt 5 is processed；Alloy melt 5 is promoted to produce by composite high-density magnetic field and various dimensions machinery turbulent flow
The special flowing law of life, realizes that large volume melt macroscopic view and part are acted on simultaneously, obtains melt whole volume scope
Interior uniform temperature field and into branch；After the completion of melt treatment by mechanical deslagging device 6 take out superficial oxidation slag and
Field trash, the alloy melt 5 after treatment is molded by semi-continuous casting, compression casting or other manner.
Embodiment 1
Melted using square large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt device treatment 2000Kg 7055 ultra-high-strength aluminum alloys
Body, the melt for having processed prepares the fine grain homogeneous ingot casting of the specifications of Φ 582 by semi-continuous casting.
7055 alloy melts after first by fusing are poured into rectangle melt treatment chamber in 770~790 DEG C, are passed through
Melt temperature in attemperating unit real-time monitoring crucible, by adjusting the electricity in top Elema 3 and bottom thermal resistance 8
Flow, i.e. heating and soaking time carry out the temperature of 7055 alloy melts in precise control processing chamber；When alloy melt 5
Cavity bottom traveling-wave magnetic field generator and cavity circumference vertical rotary magnetic field hair are opened after reaching 755~760 DEG C simultaneously
Raw device, field supply is 200A, and frequency is 10Hz；Then high purity graphite in 3 sets of machinery turbulent flow devices may move
Passage bar 4 and turbulent rotor 10 are preheating to 700 DEG C and are screwed in alloy melt 5 with the speed of 50~100r/min again, when
Rotor reaches and 320r/min fixed rotating speeds is kept after cavity bottom 100~120mm depth, while in processing chamber
Translated by default square wave track, traversal melt level face；Filled by mechanical deslagging after the completion of melt treatment
Put taking-up superficial oxidation slag and field trash, by treatment after 7055 alloy melts Φ 582 is carried out by semi-continuous casting
It is prepared by specification alloy cast ingot.
760 DEG C of melt hydrogen contents of 2000Kg7055 alloys are obtained in 0.055ml/100g, will far beyond national standard
Seek level；The size ingot-casting fine microstructures of Φ 582 are uniform simultaneously, and 8% is less than from edge to center portion crystallite dimension deviation,
Average grain size reduces 50% compared with without implementation melt treatment, and the component segregation of ingot casting greatly reduces, alloying element
Content deviation is less than 5%.
Embodiment 2
Using cylindrical large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt device treatment 1000Kg low pressure castings ZL101A-1
Alloy melt, the melt for having processed prepares 22 inch gage automotive hubs by low pressure casting.
The ZL101A-1 alloy melts after fusing are poured into cylindrical melt treatment chamber in 750~760 DEG C first
It is interior, by melt temperature in attemperating unit real-time monitoring crucible, by adjusting top Elema 3 and bottom thermal resistance
The magnitude of current in 8, i.e. heating and soaking time carry out the temperature of ZL101A-1 alloy melts in precise control processing chamber；
Open cavity bottom pulsed magnetic generator simultaneously after alloy melt 5 reaches 740~750 DEG C and cavity is circumferential vertical
Rotating magnetic field generator, field supply is 150A, and frequency is 20Hz；Then will be high in 2 sets of machinery turbulent flow devices
Pure graphite movable channel bar and turbulent rotor are preheating to 700 DEG C and are melted with the speed screw-in alloy of 50~100r/min again
In body 5,260r/min fixed rotating speeds are kept after rotor is reached away from cavity bottom 180~200mm depth, while
Translated by default circular path in processing chamber, traversal melt level face；By machinery after the completion of melt treatment
Deslagging device takes out superficial oxidation slag and field trash, and the alloy melt 5 after treatment is passed through into low pressure casting in 4h
Carry out the preparation of 22 inch gage ZL101A-1 alloy automobiles wheel hubs.
750 DEG C of melt hydrogen contents of 1000KgZL101A-1 alloys after treatment are much higher by 0.090ml/100g
National standard requirement level；22 inch gage aluminium alloy wheel hub casting billet surfaces are clean and tidy simultaneously, with common process mode
Disappeared compared to defects such as mildew, slight crackle and foreign impuritys, two of pinhole rate much smaller than JB/T7946.3 regulations
Level, as cast condition mechanical property is improved, and yield strength reaches 240MPa, and tensile strength reaches 320MPa, and elongation percentage is
9%.
Under real time temperature monitoring system, temperature conditioning unit is by adjusting in top Elema and bottom thermal resistance for the present invention
Magnitude of current precise control alloy melt temperature；Simultaneously under the effect of three-dimensional composite electromagnetic module, electricity is made full use of
The high density of magnetic energy, produces strong disturbance in the melt, promotes alloy melt into the equal of branch and temperature field
Even property；The high speed of turbulent rotor rotates during passing through to move horizontally again, it is ensured that realized under bath surface stable condition
Integral macroscopic convection current and localized micro turbulent flow coupling simultaneously, reduce Temperature Field in Melt and into branch in each dimension
Gradient, precise control melt solidified structure finally prepares the uniform big specification high-alloying of fine microstructures composition
Aluminium alloy cast ingot or casting；And mechanical turbulator leaves inert gas action passage, is realized in melt treatment process
Automatic degasification slagging-off, improves melt treatment efficiency, cost-effective.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device, it is characterised in that：The device is main by melt
Treatment crucible, combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit composition, described Combined type electric
Magnetic module is arranged on the bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible, and described various dimensions machinery turbulator is arranged at melt
In reason crucible, described temperature conditioning unit is arranged on the top and bottom of melt treatment crucible.
2. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described combined electromagnetic module is mainly made up of bottom magnetic field generator and Circumferential field generator, described bottom
Magnetic field generator and Circumferential field generator are separately mounted to the bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible；Described multidimensional
The mechanical turbulator of degree is main to be made up of movable channel bar, turbulent rotor and plenum system, described turbulent rotor peace
On movable channel bar；Described temperature conditioning unit is main by top temperature control system, bottom temperature control system and temperature
Detection regulating system is constituted.
3. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Described top temperature control system is Elema heater, and described Elema is arranged on the top of melt treatment crucible
In temperature control lid；Described bottom temperature control system is thermal resistance heater.
4. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Described bottom magnetic field generator is traveling-wave magnetic field generator or pulsed magnetic generator；Described Circumferential field hair
Raw device is vertical rotary magnetic field generator or horizontal rotation magnetic field generator.
5. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Described movable channel bar inside is hollow, and stomata is set on described turbulent rotor, and plenum system is by removable
Be passed through inert gas inside melt by the stomata on the inside of dynamic passage bar and turbulent rotor.
6. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Described various dimensions machinery turbulator is a set of or many sets, and fixation locus are pressed while itself rotation in running
Translation.
7. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The capacity of described melt treatment crucible is 500~5000Kg, and crucible is shaped as hexahedron or cylindrical.
8. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described melt treatment crucible is connected with automatic mechanical system, by automatic mechanical system control melt treatment crucible
Action.
9. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The top of described melt treatment crucible internal walls is provided with deslagging device.
10. a kind of method of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment, comprises the following steps：By temperature conditioning unit
The treatment temperature of aluminium alloy melt in regulation melt treatment crucible, after temperature reaches necessary requirement, while opening bottom
The magnetic field generator of portion and circumference carries out three-dimensional Combined type electric magnetic treatment, and the mechanical turbulator that then will be preheated is screwed in
Melt, makes it be translated by desired guiding trajectory while rotation in melt treatment crucible, while being passed through inert gas
Degasification is carried out to alloy melt except Slag treatment；Promoted at alloy melt by combined type magnetic field and various dimensions machinery turbulent flow
The state that macroscopic convection is acted on simultaneously with local turbulent under the conditions of surface-stable so that in the range of melt whole volume
With uniform temperature field and into branch；Pending completion, is filtered out using deslagging device and floats on bath surface
Oxide and field trash, then melt is molded.
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| CN201511020214.6A CN106929699B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method |
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| CN109249011A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | It is a kind of to prepare fine grain homogeneous casting compounding flux processing unit and method |
| CN112404402A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 韦登发 | Casting process of pore-free aluminum alloy |
| CN116007372A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-04-25 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy melt processing device |
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| CN116007372B (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-13 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy melt processing device |
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