CN106908702B - Composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine and test method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine and test methods, the left end of pedestal is fixedly installed with reservoir, shaft cloche is fixedly installed on the step of the box house lower surface, the inside of the shaft cloche is equipped with the incidence regulating mechanism for adjusting insulator tilt angle to be tested, the clamping device for clamping insulator is installed in the end of incidence regulating mechanism, injection device for calibrated shot liquid is installed on the bracket of clamping device side, the injection device is mounted on syringe height adjustment mechanism, the injection device is connected with transmission mechanism, the bracket of the clamping device side is also equipped with photographic device.This experimental machine can be used in studying the relationship between composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing and surrounding electric field and local environment, obtain corresponding test result by experiment, provide test basis to the theoretical research of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing mechanism.

Description

Composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine and test method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface property testing machine, especially composite insulator umbrella skirt surface is covered Ice testing machine.

Background technique

Insulator is the important component of overhead transmission line, is supported for electric conductor and the flexible or rigid of equipment And be dielectrically separated from conductor and equipment with ground or other conducting wires and equipment, therefore, the mechanical performance and electrical resistance of insulator The safe and stable operation of transmission line of electricity can be affected.Covering ice for insulator is one of the reason of doing great damage to electric system, Serious regelation will lead to electric transmission line isolator electric property and sharply decline, and so as to cause the generation of arcing fault, or even cause The accidents such as disconnected bar of tower.Current some research units are all to study covering for entire insulator chain using large-scale phjytotron Ice condition condition, there are no the testing machines for the research single insulator umbrella surface icing for occurring capableing of comparison system, and for full skirt The experimental study of surface icing mechanism, existing phjytotron cannot reach the requirement of test accuracy.Therefore it needs at design Can analog insulation in the experimental facilities of the freezing environment of different humidity, temperature, and record the dynamic process of icing, so as to Follow-up study.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine, this experiment functions It is enough between research composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing and the conditions such as surrounding electric field and local environment (temperature, humidity) Relationship obtains corresponding test result by experiment, provides examination to the theoretical research of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing mechanism Test foundation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes following technical scheme: composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing examination Test machine, it is characterised in that: it includes pedestal, and the left end of the pedestal is fixedly installed with reservoir, and the reservoir passes through pipeline Be connected with solenoid electric valve, the solenoid electric valve also respectively on cabinet air inlet and pump be connected, the outlet end of pump company Connecting pump tube road；Cabinet is fixedly installed on the pedestal, the reservoir is connected with the pond inlet valve on cabinet exterior；It is described The right end of pedestal is fixedly installed with air compressor, and the air compressor is connected with condenser pipe, and condenser pipe is fixedly mounted on case The inside of body；Shaft cloche, the inside of the shaft cloche are fixedly installed on the step of the box house lower surface Incidence regulating mechanism for adjusting insulator tilt angle to be tested is installed, installation is useful in the end of incidence regulating mechanism In the clamping device of clamping insulator, the syringe dress for calibrated shot liquid is installed on the bracket of clamping device side It sets, the injection device is mounted on syringe height adjustment mechanism, and the injection device is connected with transmission mechanism, described The bracket of clamping device side is also equipped with photographic device, and the electric field hair that can generate electric field is equipped with inside the clamping device Generating apparatus.

The cabinet front is equipped with the transparent chamber door that can rotate around the axis, and forward lower part is equipped with system control and display dress It sets, case lid is by being fixedly mounted at the top of the box body；The back of cabinet position corresponding with air compressor is equipped with Radiator window；The cabinet uses double layer hollow structure, multiple cabinet air inlets is machined on its internal layer sidewall, in hollow space Thermal insulation layer is installed, forms exhaust passage between thermal insulation layer；Described exhaust passage one end is connected with cabinet air inlet, the other end It is connected with pump line road；Hollow rhone is provided on box house lower surface, the rhone is connected with reservoir.

The incidence regulating mechanism includes shaft base, and the shaft base is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of cabinet, and position Shaft fixed block, the shaft fixed block and rotating shaft bottom are installed at the top of the lower section of shaft cloche, the shaft base Seat is internal to be rotatably equipped with L-type shaft, and the shaft positioning for axially position is machined on the horizontal segment of the L-type shaft Step, one end of the shaft base are provided with dial, and the L-type turns the tip of the axis and is equipped with shaft disk, in shaft disk Wheel rim is provided with shaft index, and the shaft index matches the rotation angle of mark L-type shaft with dial, in shaft It is machined with a circular locating openings on disk, shaft disk locking wheel is installed on the location hole, it, can when tightening shaft disk locking wheel Prevent shaft disk and the rotation of L-type shaft.

The clamping device includes link block, and the link block is fixedly mounted on the L-type shaft top of incidence regulating mechanism, The top side of the link block is fixedly installed with fixture and determines block, is hinged with fixture motion block in the other end that fixture determines block, described The retractable connection of block is determined by fastening screw and fixture in the another side of fixture motion block, and fixture bullet is provided at its faying face Spring.

The injection device includes injection device bracket, the injection device bracket to be fixedly mounted on cabinet small On the step on surface, photographic device is installed on the inner sidewall of the injection device bracket, syringe passes through syringe card It is fixed in the groove of syringe fixed block, syringe piston rod one end is inserted into inside syringe, and the other end is living by syringe Plug fixture nut is pressed in the groove of the mobile sliding block of piston, syringe piston rod can with the mobile sliding block of piston and on move down It is dynamic；The first cooperation V-type face in the first V-type face and syringe fixed block on the mobile sliding block of piston, which is constituted, to be slidably matched, described Threaded hole and No.1 screw rod on the mobile sliding block of piston constitute screw-driven cooperation, and the No.1 screw rod passes through in No.1 crossbeam Hole extend and under in the hole on syringe fixed block, two No.1 bolt and nuts are located at No.1 crossbeam upper/lower terminal, use It in the vertical motion of limitation No.1 screw rod, rotate No.1 screw rod can only.

Hollow structure is used inside the syringe piston rod, is equipped with hollow rotary table in its lower end, is pacified inside rotary table Equipped with piston sheet, the piston sheet is pressed at the shoulder of top by piston spring, and piston block is mounted on syringe piston by screw On bar, rotary table bottom is machined with circular hole, the hole external hose inside syringe piston rod；The hose is fixed on the top of case lid The upper end in portion, hose connects water pipe.

The syringe height adjustment mechanism includes mobile sliding block, and the mobile sliding block is fixedly mounted on syringe fixed block Fixation step at, the second cooperation V-type face in the second V-type face and injection device bracket on mobile sliding block matches, and makes Mobile sliding block can only cooperate in V-type face in second in injection device bracket to be slided up and down, the mobile sliding block and No. two spiral shells It is machined with internal screw thread on arc surface at bar cooperation, and constitutes screw-driven cooperation, No. two crossbeams are by being fixedly mounted on injection The top of device appliance stand, No. two screw rods pass through the hole in No. two crossbeams extend and under in the hole on injection device bracket, Two No. two bolt and nuts are located at No. two crossbeams or more, for limiting the movement of No. two screw rods in the vertical direction, make two Number screw rod can only rotate；Mobile sliding block graduated scale and bracket scale are respectively provided on front side of mobile sliding block and injection device bracket Ruler, two graduated scales cooperate, and the top of No. two screw rods passes through case lid, and is equipped with knob at its end, turn manually No. two screw rods are moved, adjust the syringe needle point of injection device to the distance on insulator umbrella surface.

The transmission mechanism includes chain-wheel box, and the chain-wheel box is fixed on the top of case lid, the top peace of the chain-wheel box Equipped with sprocket wheel case lid, motor is installed in the top braces of sprocket wheel case lid, the main shaft of the motor is connected with the shaft of rotating disc Torque is transmitted, the rotating disc is mounted on inside chain-wheel box, and rectangular collision block is fixed on the excircle of rotating disc, described rectangular Collision block is matched with the striker for being fixed on wheel disc upper surface, is located at below rectangular collision block on wheel disc and is provided with prominent V block, institute It states prominent V block to cooperate with the spring card being arranged on chain-wheel box, the inclined-plane of the spring card front end and prominent V block match It closes, is also equipped with head sprocket in the shaft of the wheel disc；The head sprocket constitutes chain conveyer by chain and speed-changing chain, described It is formed with screw thread in speed-changing chain center hole, and is matched with the screw thread on the outside of No.1 screw rod, constitutes worm drive cooperation, it is described Chain is connected with gear；The gear includes crank, and the tail portion of the crank is mounted in chain-wheel box by shaft, And can be slided along shaft, a movable minor sprocket is separately installed on two axis among the crank, and chain bypasses two small simultaneously Sprocket wheel, and crank is connected by crank spring with sprocket wheel chamber interior wall；The crank can be rotated around the shaft of its tail portion, and rotation is bent Handle on handle, the arc groove that handle can be covered along chain-wheel box move, while rotating counterclockwise handle downwards by or outward It pulls out, chain can be made to change between the sprocket wheel of speed-changing chain.

The box house is equipped with temperature sensor and humidity sensor, temperature-humidity sensor respectively with system control System and display device are connected, and are used for the intracorporal temperature and humidity of detection case, feed back to system control and display device, then utilize System control and the intracorporal temperature and humidity of display device regulation box；The solenoid electric valve connection system control and display dress It sets, solenoid electric valve can control by system control and display device, make pump that can individually inject the water of gasification into cabinet Vapour can also individually inject air into cabinet.

The test method of any one ice-coating test machine, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: insulator umbrella is put into certain density acid or aqueous slkali soaking for a period of time, is simulated not with this With environment under the conditions of region to the corrosion condition of insulator；Or carry out artificial damage to full skirt surface, umbrella is simulated with this The degree of impairment on skirt surface；Then composite insulator is cut into chunks shape, each section includes a full skirt and a bit of plug, shape At insulator sample；

Step 2: opening the valve on hose, opens motor, inverts electric machine main shaft, at this time in head sprocket, chain, change Under the action of fast sprocket wheel, No.1 screw rod reversion, the mobile sliding block of piston drives syringe piston rod to move upwards, and experiment liquid opens work Patch after testing liquid full of syringe, closes motor into inside syringe；

Step 3: opening chamber door, unclamps the fastening screw on fixture, under the action of clamp spring, fixture determines block and folder Have motion block separation, determines the plug installs fixture of treated insulator sample lower end to tighten fastening spiral shell between block, fixture motion block Nail, can clamp insulator sample；

Step 4: rotating clockwise shaft disk locking wheel, according to the required inclined angle in insulator umbrella surface of experiment Degree, rotating shaft disk set the inclined angle in full skirt surface, rotating shaft disk lock counterclockwise by shaft index and dial Bearing up pulley, fixed L-type shaft, prevents its rotation；

Step 5: according to the required drop of experiment to the height on insulator umbrella surface, the spiral shell on No. two screw rods is rotated Mother is set the height of requirement of experiment by the scale of the relative position of mobile sliding block graduated scale and bracket graduated scale, closes case Door；

Step 5: it according to the environmental condition of the required insulator umbrella surface icing of experiment, is controlled by system and aobvious The temperature of box house is arranged in showing device；By pumping the steam or soda acid water mist that require to box house injection experiments, experiment Preceding that the required liquid of experiment is added to reservoir by pond inlet valve, simulation test requires soda acid, damp condition；

Step 6: whether need to study electric field action to the shadow of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing according to requirement of experiment It rings, by generating the device of electric field on insulator sample holding device, operator can be according to the condition of simulation, control system control System and display device, selection load the electric field of certain value or are not loaded with electric field；

Step 7: opening photographic device, records the process of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing, while can also pass through people Eye observes some experimentations；

Step 8: motor is opened, rotates forward electric machine main shaft, the square shape block for the rotation plate edge being connected with main shaft is hit Needle makes wheel disc rotate a circle under the action of inertia force, until when the protrusion V block on wheel disc top edge goes to spring card, quilt Spring card stops and stops operating, and when striker is hit in the square shape block rotation of rotation plate edge again after a week, wheel disc is again Rotation one week, the intermittent operation of wheel disc and its head sprocket is realized with this；Under the action of head sprocket, chain, speed-changing chain, one Number screw rod rotates forward, the mobile sliding block of piston drives syringe piston rod to move downward and does intermittent movement, keeps drop isometric Insulator umbrella surface is dripped to from syringe needle point.

The method have the advantages that:

When needing to carry out ice-coating test to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface, insulator is cut into pieces first, Mei Yiduan Full skirt under have one section of plug, fixture clamps plug to fix insulator sample, through certain density acid, aqueous slkali soaking or right Its surface is mounted on testing machine after being processed, and electric field, control examination are loaded inside insulator fixture and spindle portion The control of machine system and display device are tested, the conditions such as experiment required temperature, humidity, electric field is adjusted to, opens motor, syringe In drop, different liquids can also wherein be added in injection, such as acid, alkalinity, can slowly one after another drop of drip to insulator umbrella The case where skirt surface falls in the different insulator surface for the treatment of conditions due to the cryogenic conditions in case, icing is also different, can lead to Cross the dynamic process that photographic device record freezes.

It can make chain work on the speed-changing chain of different radii by the handle on control crank, be rotated at head sprocket In the case where one week, the circle number of speed-changing chain rotation can change, the turnning circle for the No.1 screw rod being threadedly coupled therewith Corresponding change, so that the distance of the mobile sliding block of piston and piston decline is influenced, to control the size of each droplets；Control can also be passed through The speed of motor processed controls the speed of drips.The case where interfering with each other is not present in each movement of entire testing machine.To After the testing machine completes test, the record of insulator umbrella surface icing process is observed, and respectively will be under different experimental conditions Experimental result compares and analyzes, and probes into influence of the various factors to insulator umbrella surface icing under real operating condition with this.

Above-mentioned testing machine includes pedestal, and the left end of pedestal is fixedly installed with reservoir, and reservoir passes through pipeline and electromagnetism control Valve processed is connected, at the same solenoid electric valve also respectively on cabinet air inlet and pump be connected, the outlet end of pump connection pump line road； Cabinet is fixedly mounted on pedestal by screw, has a pipeline to be connected on reservoir with the pond inlet valve on cabinet；Pedestal Right end is equipped with air compressor by screw, and air compressor is connected by pipeline with condenser pipe, and condenser pipe is fixedly mounted on On cabinet, radiator window is installed at cabinet rear air compressor；It can be to box house ceaselessly by said structure design Steam or air are injected, with damp condition required for guarantee test, while can also constantly be freezed to box house, to protect Temperature condition required for confirmatory test.

Above-mentioned cabinet front is equipped with the transparent chamber door that can rotate around the axis, and forward lower part is equipped with system control and display dress It sets, case lid is fixedly mounted at the top of the box body by screw；It can be in observation box house situation by above structure device Meanwhile convenient adjust tests required condition.

Above-mentioned interior is provided with many circular cabinet air inlets, for injecting steam or sky to box house Gas；Hollow rhone is formed on box house lower surface, rhone is connected by pipeline with reservoir, can use inside Water is expelled back into reservoir；A shaft cloche is mounted by means of screws on step on box house lower surface, to prevent Supercooled water, which is dropped on the rotatable parts below shaft cloche, to freeze and influences shaft rotation；It can by above structure device With to provide corresponding damp condition in cabinet.

Above-mentioned box house be it is hollow, hollow space is mounted with thermal insulation layer, and exhaust passage, channel are formed among thermal insulation layer One end is connected with the cabinet air inlet on cabinet, and the other end is connected with the pump line road for connecting pump, to arrange air or steam Into box house；A metastable temperature condition can be provided for box house by above structure device.

Shaft base, shaft fixed block and rotating shaft bottom are mounted by means of screws under above-mentioned box house shaft cloche Seat is just connected with screw, and inside forms the hole for having locating slot, and shaft passes through, and the shaft positioning step in shaft Cooperate with the locating slot inside hole, prevents shaft from moving in hole along the direction in hole；There is a dial in shaft base left end, turns A shaft disk is fixed in axis left end, can rotate together with shaft, shaft disk upper shaft index, when pointer straight up when, Shaft right end vertical is upward；There are a circular locating openings on shaft disk, the screw fit with shaft disk locking wheel front end turns when tightening Reel locking wheel can prevent shaft disk and shaft from rotating；It can control the inclined angle of insulator umbrella by above structure device Degree, convenient for research water droplet and influence of the surface action angle to icing mechanism.

Above-mentioned shaft right end vertical part is fixedly connected with link block, and the link block left side is fixedly installed with fixture and determines block, folder Tool motion block, which passes through hinge on one side and determines block with fixture, to be connected, fixture motion block can around hinge rotate；The fixture motion block other end can be by tight It is connected Gu screw determines block with fixture, hole is formed on abutted surface, inside is equipped with clamp spring；When tightening fastening screw, insulator Round mandrel under full skirt, which is firmly clamped in fixture, to be determined in the round hole of block, fixture motion block；When unscrewing fastening screw, Under the action of clamp spring, fixture determines block, fixture motion block contact surface separates, convenient for taking out insulator umbrella；Pass through above structure What device can be convenient is fixed on insulator sample on testing machine.

Said syringe appliance stand is fixedly mounted on the step of box house lower surface by screw, injection device Mid-stent is equipped with photographic device, and photographic device is narrowly focused towards insulator umbrella；It can recorde absolutely by above structure device The whole process of edge full skirt surface icing is convenient for comparative analysis below.

Said syringe is fixed in the groove on syringe fixed block by syringe card, syringe piston rod one end It is inserted into syringe, one end is pressed in the groove in the mobile sliding block of piston by syringe piston fixture nut, and syringe is living Stopper rod can be moved up and down with the mobile sliding block of piston；In the first V-type face and syringe fixed block on the mobile sliding block of piston First cooperation V-type face matches, and makes the mobile sliding block of piston that can only cooperate upper in V-type face glide in first in syringe fixed block It is dynamic, it is formed with screw thread on the arc surface at the mobile sliding block of piston and the cooperation of No.1 screw rod, uses and is threadedly coupled with No.1 screw rod；No.1 Crossbeam is fixedly mounted on syringe fixed block by screw, and No.1 screw rod passes through the hole in No.1 crossbeam and extends and arrive injection down In hole on device fixed block, two No.1 bolt and nuts are located at No.1 crossbeam or more, for limiting No.1 screw rod in piston Vertical motion in mobile sliding block, rotate No.1 screw rod can only；Syringe piston rod may be implemented by above structure device Relative to the movement of syringe, so that drop is oozed from syringe；The nut on No.1 crossbeam can prevent No.1 screw rod simultaneously It is moved in the mobile sliding block of piston.

Above-mentioned mobile sliding block is fixedly mounted at the fixation step of syringe fixed block, the second V-type face on mobile sliding block It is matched with the second cooperation V-type face in injection device bracket, make mobile sliding block can only be in injection device bracket It is slided up and down in second cooperation V-type face, screw thread is formed on the arc surface at mobile sliding block and No. two screw rod cooperations, with No. two screw rods Using threaded connection；No. two crossbeams are fixedly mounted on injection device bracket by screw, and No. two screw rods pass through No. two crossbeams In hole extend and under in the hole on injection device bracket, two No. two bolt and nuts are located at No. two crossbeams or more, It for limiting the movement of No. two screw rods in the vertical direction, rotate No. two screw rods can only；Mobile sliding block and injection device branch Mobile sliding block graduated scale and bracket graduated scale are respectively provided on front side of frame, two graduated scales cooperate；Pass through above structure device Movement of the fixed device of entire syringe relative to bracket can be made to come to adjust syringe needle point to the height on full skirt surface Study influence of the drop height to icing situation.

Above-mentioned hose is fixed on by nut to exist mounted in case lid, the hole in the lower end connection syringe piston rod of hose, soft The upper end of pipe connects water pipe；Chain-wheel box is fixedly mounted on case lid, and No.1 screw rod passes through case lid, chain-wheel box, chain-wheel box and covers Hole extends to outside；Sprocket wheel case lid is fixedly mounted on chain-wheel box by screw, and the support frame of motor is mounted on sprocket wheel case lid On；The adding liquid into syringe that can be convenient by above structure device, without removing syringe liquid feeding.

Above-mentioned speed-changing chain is mounted on the corresponding position in chain-wheel box, is formed with screw thread in speed-changing chain center hole, with one Screw thread on the outside of number screw rod matches, and forms threaded engagement；Head sprocket and wheel disc are fixed together to be rotated with one, and is mounted on chain Corresponding position in roller box；The shaft of crank tail portion is mounted on corresponding position in chain-wheel box, installs respectively on two axis among crank One movable minor sprocket, and crank is connected by crank spring with sprocket wheel chamber interior wall；Speed-changing chain, head sprocket, two chainlets Wheel is connected by chain；The movement that head sprocket drives speed-changing chain may be implemented by above structure device.

Above-mentioned rotating disc is fixed in shaft, and is mounted on the corresponding position of chain-wheel box, the shaft other end and electric machine main shaft It is connected, and rotating disc circumference stretches out a rectangular collision block；Wheel disc circumferential edge is formed with a prominent V block, is equipped with Spring Card on chain-wheel box Piece, the inclined-plane of spring card front end are matched with prominent V block face；There is a striker above prominent V block on wheel disc.

Temperature sensor and humidity sensor are installed, temperature-humidity sensor is controlled with system respectively in above-mentioned cabinet And display device is connected, and is used for the intracorporal temperature and humidity of detection case, feeds back to system control and display device, then utilizes system System control and the intracorporal temperature and humidity of display device regulation box；The control cabinet that can be convenient by above structure device is intracorporal Temperature, humidity, to provide corresponding experimental situation.

Above-mentioned pond inlet valve connects running water pipe, and opening inlet valve can inject water into reservoir to be made for subsequent With；Steam can be added to keep appropriateness to cabinet by above structure device, can also be added in reservoir and to prepare in advance Special solution is added to box house, to simulate the ice-coating test under particular surroundings such as haze, acid rain.

Above-mentioned solenoid electric valve connection system control and display device can control electricity by system control and display device Magnetic control valve makes pump that can individually inject the steam of gasification into cabinet, air can also be individually injected into cabinet；Pass through Above structure device can keep humidity for box house.

Said syringe is just being suspended from insulator umbrella upper center position, the knob on rotatable No. two screw rods, to adjust Syringe needle point while can pass through the movement on front side of mobile sliding block and injection device bracket to the distance on insulator umbrella surface The relative movement distance of sliding block graduated scale and bracket graduated scale, come scalar syringe needle point to insulator umbrella height.

The shaft index of above-mentioned shaft disk is directed toward dial, unscrews shaft disk locking wheel, rotating shaft disk, insulator umbrella Skirt can tilt, and by shaft index in the position of dial, can read the inclined angle of insulator umbrella, then tighten and turn Reel locking wheel, prevents shaft from rotating.

The fixture of insulator umbrella described above determines block, shaft, is equipped with electric field generation device inside link block, electric field hair Injection device is controlled also by system and display device controls；Composite insulator can be carried out under simulation electric field by loading electric field Ice-coating test research.

Said syringe piston rod inner be it is hollow, when being marked with water inside syringe, syringe piston rod is transported downwards When dynamic, hydraulic pressure can be pressed to piston sheet at top ' shoulder '；After the water in syringe is finished, the valve on hose is opened, and When moving upwards syringe piston rod, syringe piston rod inner filling water, hydraulic pressure can open piston sheet, and water is made to enter note Inside emitter；Hose connects running water pipe；The adding liquid into syringe that can be convenient by above structure device.

Above-mentioned crank can be rotated around the shaft of its tail portion, the handle on rotating crank, what handle can be covered along chain-wheel box Arc groove movement, while rotating counterclockwise handle downwards by or outward pull out, can make chain between the sprocket wheel of speed-changing chain It changes；The switching between speed-changing chain may be implemented by above structure device, have reached change syringe needle point and ooze drop The purpose of size.

Prominent V block is gone at spring card on above-mentioned wheel disc, can be blocked by spring card and motionless, and striker is also gone at this time The surface of spring card；When the rectangular collision block for rotating plate edge is gone at striker, striker is hit, makes wheel disc in inertia force The lower rotation of effect, also band movable sprocket, chain rotate, when the protrusion V block on wheel disc goes at spring card and can stop operating；Pass through The intermittent movement of head sprocket, speed-changing chain may be implemented in above structure device, so that it is had abundance to the drop regular hour Time drops down from needle point.

Detailed description of the invention

Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is schematic diagram of internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of back part of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is refrigerating plant of the present invention and partial enlargement structural representation.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of vent part of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the internal integrally-built schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is incidence regulating mechanism structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is clamping device structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of syringe support device of the present invention.

Figure 10 is injection device of the present invention and its partial enlargement diagram for moving fit structure.

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of syringe piston part of the present invention.

Figure 12 is syringe height adjustment mechanism of the present invention and its partial enlargement diagram for moving fit structure.

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of top part of the present invention.

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of chain-wheel box internal structure of the present invention.

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of speed Control crank section of the present invention.

Figure 16 is the partial schematic diagram of wheel disc latching structure of the present invention.

In figure: chamber door 1, system control and display device 2, cabinet 3, case lid 4, pond inlet valve 5, pedestal 6, cabinet air inlet Hole 7, rhone 8, shaft cloche 9, condenser pipe 10, air inlet 11, radiator window 12, pump 13, pump line road 14, reservoir 15, sky Air compressor 16, exhaust passage 18, thermal insulation layer 19, insulator umbrella 20, injection device bracket 21, is taken the photograph solenoid electric valve 17 As device 22, shaft disk 23, shaft index 23-1, shaft disk locking wheel 24, shaft fixed block 25, L-type shaft 26, shaft are fixed Position step 26-1, dial 27, shaft base 28, fixture motion block 29, fixture determine block 30, clamp spring 31, link block 32, fastening Screw 33, syringe fixed block 34, syringe 35, No.1 bolt and nut 36, syringe piston fixture nut 37, syringe piston Bar 38, syringe card 39, No.1 screw rod 40, No.1 crossbeam 41, piston mobile sliding block 42, piston block 43, piston sheet 44, piston 45, No. two bolt and nuts 46 of spring, mobile sliding block graduated scale 47, the mobile screw rod 49, two of sliding block 48, two crossbeam 50, bracket Graduated scale 51, hose 52, sprocket wheel case lid 53, motor 54, chain-wheel box 55, speed-changing chain 56, crank spring 57, crank 58, chain 59, head sprocket 60, wheel disc 61, rotating disc 62, minor sprocket 63, spring card 64.

Specific embodiment

Embodiments of the present invention are described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Referring to Fig. 1-16, composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine, it includes pedestal 6, the fixed peace in the left end of pedestal 6 Equipped with reservoir 15, reservoir 15 is connected by pipeline with solenoid electric valve 17, at the same solenoid electric valve 17 also respectively with cabinet 3 On air inlet 11 and pump 13 be connected, pump 13 outlet end connection pump line road 14；Cabinet 3 is fixedly mounted on pedestal by screw On 6, there is a pipeline to be connected on reservoir 15 with the pond inlet valve 5 on cabinet 3；The right end of pedestal 6 is installed free by screw Air compressor 16, air compressor 16 are connected by pipeline with condenser pipe 10, and condenser pipe is fixedly mounted on cabinet 3, after cabinet 3 Radiator window 12 is installed at portion's air compressor 16.

With reference to Fig. 1,3 front of cabinet is equipped with the transparent chamber door 1 that can rotate around the axis, and forward lower part is equipped with system control System and display device 2, case lid 4 are fixedly mounted on the top of cabinet 3 by screw.

With reference to Fig. 2,3 inner surface of cabinet is provided with many circular cabinet air inlets 7, for injecting water to box house Vapour or air；Hollow rhone 8 is formed on 3 bottom inner surface of cabinet, rhone 8 is connected by pipeline with reservoir 15, can The water that inside has used is expelled back into reservoir 15；One is mounted by means of screws on step on 3 bottom inner surface of cabinet Shaft cloche 9 freezes to prevent supercooled water to be dropped on the rotatable parts of the lower section of shaft cloche 9 and influences shaft and turn It is dynamic.

Be with reference to Fig. 5, inside the cabinet 3 it is hollow, hollow space is mounted with thermal insulation layer 19, is formed among thermal insulation layer 19 Exhaust passage 18,18 one end of exhaust passage are connected with the cabinet air inlet 7 on cabinet 3, and the other end pumps 13 pump line road with connecting 14 are connected, so that air or steam are discharged into box house.

With reference to Fig. 6,7, incidence regulating mechanism, the tilt adjustment machine are installed under the 3 inside shaft cloche 9 of cabinet Structure includes shaft base 28, and shaft fixed block 25 is connect with 28 ability of shaft base with screw, and inside, which forms one, locating slot Hole, L-type shaft 26 pass through, and the shaft positioning step 26-1 in L-type shaft 26 and the locating slot inside hole cooperate, and prevent Only L-type shaft 26 moves in hole along the direction in hole；There is a dial 27 in 28 left end of shaft base, and 26 left end of L-type shaft is solid A fixed shaft disk 23, can rotate together, shaft disk upper shaft index 23-1 with shaft, when pointer straight up when, L-type 26 right end vertical of shaft is upward；There are a circular locating openings on shaft disk 23, the screw fit with 24 front end of shaft disk locking wheel, when Shaft disk locking wheel 24 is tightened, can prevent shaft disk 23 and L-type shaft 26 from rotating.

With reference to Fig. 8, the 26 right end vertical part of L-type shaft is fixedly connected with clamping device, and the clamping device includes Link block 32,32 left side of link block are fixedly installed with fixture and determine block 30, and fixture motion block 29 determines block 30 by hinge and fixture on one side It is connected, fixture motion block 29 can around hinge rotation；29 other end of fixture motion block can determine block 30 with fixture by fastening screw 33 and be connected, Hole is formed on abutted surface, inside is equipped with clamp spring 31；Round mandrel when tightening fastening screw 33, under insulator umbrella 20 Fixture is firmly clamped in determine in the round hole of block 30, fixture motion block 29；When unscrewing fastening screw 33, in clamp spring 31 Under the action of, fixture determines block 30,29 contact surface of fixture motion block separates, convenient for taking out insulator umbrella 20.

With reference to Fig. 9, the injection device bracket 21 is fixedly mounted on the step of 3 bottom inner surface of cabinet by screw On, photographic device 22 is installed, photographic device 22 is narrowly focused towards insulator umbrella 22 in the middle part of injection device bracket 21.

With reference to Figure 10, injection device includes syringe 35, and the syringe 35 is fixed on note by syringe card 39 In groove on emitter fixed block 34,38 one end of syringe piston rod is inserted into syringe 35, and one end is solid by syringe piston Determine in the groove that nut 37 is pressed in the mobile sliding block 42 of piston, syringe piston rod 38 can with the mobile sliding block 42 of piston and on Lower movement；The first cooperation V-type face 34-2 phase in the first V-type face 42-1 and syringe fixed block 34 on the mobile sliding block 42 of piston Cooperation cooperate the mobile sliding block 42 of piston can only in first in syringe fixed block 34 in the 34-2 of V-type face and slide up and down, piston It is formed with screw thread on mobile sliding block 42 and the arc surface at 40 cooperation of No.1 screw rod, uses and is threadedly coupled with No.1 screw rod；No.1 is horizontal Beam 41 is fixedly mounted on syringe fixed block 34 by screw, No.1 screw rod 40 pass through No.1 crossbeam 41 in hole extend and under In hole on to syringe fixed block 34, two No.1 bolt and nuts 36 are located at about 41 No.1 crossbeam, for limiting one The vertical motion of number screw rod 40, rotate No.1 screw rod 40 can only.

With reference to Figure 11, what the syringe piston rod 38 was internally hollow, there is a hollow rotary table in lower end, inside rotary table Equipped with a piston sheet 44, piston sheet 44 presses to top by piston spring 45, and at shoulder, piston block 43 is mounted on injection by screw On device piston rod 38, rotary table bottom is provided with a round hole, the hole external hose 52 inside syringe piston rod 38.

With reference to Figure 12, the syringe height adjustment mechanism includes mobile sliding block 48, and the mobile sliding block 48 is fixedly mounted The second V-type face 48-1 and injection device bracket at the fixation step 34-1 of syringe fixed block 34, on mobile sliding block 48 The second cooperation V-type face 21-1 in 21 is matched, and makes second can only matching in injection device bracket 21 for mobile sliding block 48 It closes and is slided up and down in the 21-1 of V-type face, screw thread is formed on the arc surface at mobile sliding block 48 and No. two 49 cooperations of screw rod, with No. two spiral shells Bar 49 is using threaded connection；No. two crossbeams 50 are fixedly mounted on injection device bracket 21 by screw, and No. two screw rods 49 are worn Cross hole in No. two crossbeams 50 extend and under in the hole on injection device bracket 21, two No. two bolt and nuts 46 distinguish positions No. two screw rods 49 are rotated can only for limiting the movement of No. two screw rods 49 in the vertical direction in No. two about 50 crossbeams；It moves Mobile sliding block graduated scale 47 and bracket graduated scale 51, two scales are respectively provided on front side of movable slider 48 and injection device bracket 21 Ruler cooperates.

With reference to Figure 13, the hose 52 is fixed on by nut to exist mounted in case lid 4, and the lower end connection syringe of hose 52 is living The upper end in the hole in stopper rod 38, hose 52 connects water pipe；Chain-wheel box 55 is fixedly mounted on case lid 4, and No.1 screw rod 40 passes through case Lid 4, chain-wheel box 55, the hole on sprocket wheel case lid 53, extend to outside；Sprocket wheel case lid 53 is fixedly mounted on chain-wheel box 55 by screw On, the support frame of motor 54 is mounted on sprocket wheel case lid 53.

With reference to Figure 14,15, the speed-changing chain 56 that the transmission mechanism includes is mounted on the corresponding position in chain-wheel box 55, becomes It is formed with screw thread in fast 56 center hole of sprocket wheel, is matched with the screw thread in 40 outside of No.1 screw rod, forms threaded engagement；Head sprocket 60 It fixes with wheel disc 61 and is rotated with one together, and the corresponding position being mounted in chain-wheel box 55；The shaft of 58 tail portion of crank is installed A movable minor sprocket 63 is installed on two axis among crank 58 in the corresponding position in chain-wheel box 55 respectively, and crank 58 passes through Crank spring 57 is connected with 55 inner wall of chain-wheel box；60, two speed-changing chain 56, head sprocket minor sprockets 63 are connected by chain 59.

With reference to Figure 16, the rotating disc 62 is fixed in shaft, and is mounted on the corresponding position of chain-wheel box, the shaft other end It is connected with 54 main shaft of motor, and 62 circumference of rotating disc stretches out rectangular collision block 62-1；61 circumferential edge of wheel disc is formed with prominent V block 61-2, Spring card 64 is installed, the inclined-plane of 64 front end of spring card is matched with the prominent face V block 61-2 on chain-wheel box 55；On wheel disc 61 There is striker 61-1 above prominent V block 61-2.

Further, temperature sensor and humidity sensor, temperature-humidity sensor difference are installed in the cabinet 3 It is connected with system control and display device 2, for the temperature and humidity in detection box 3, feeds back to system control and display dress 2 are set, the temperature and humidity in cabinet 3 is then regulated and controled using system control and display device 2.

Further, the pond inlet valve 5 connects running water pipe, and water can be injected into reservoir 15 by opening inlet valve For subsequent use.

Further, the solenoid electric valve 17 connects system control and display device 2, and dress is controlled and shown by system Setting 2 can control solenoid electric valve 17, the steam for alloing pump 13 individually to inject gasification into cabinet 3, can also individually to Air is injected in cabinet 3.

Referring to Fig. 6, the syringe 35 is just being suspended from 20 upper center position of insulator umbrella, on rotatable No. two screw rods 49 Knob 49-1 while mobile 48 He of sliding block can be passed through to adjust 35 needle point of syringe to the distance on 20 surface of insulator umbrella The relative movement distance of mobile the sliding block graduated scale 47 and bracket graduated scale 51 of 21 front side of injection device bracket, carrys out scalar injection Height of 35 needle point of device to insulator umbrella 20.

Referring to Fig. 7, the shaft index 23-1 of the shaft disk 23 is directed toward dial 27, unscrews shaft disk locking wheel 24, Rotating shaft disk 23, insulator umbrella 20 can tilt, and by shaft index 23-1 in the position of dial 27, can read absolutely The inclined angle of edge full skirt 20, then tightens shaft disk locking wheel 24, prevents L-type shaft 26 from rotating.

Further, the fixture of the insulator umbrella 20 determines block 30, L-type shaft 26, is equipped with electricity inside link block 32 Field generating device, electric field emitter is controlled also by system and display device 2 controls.

Referring to Figure 11, what the syringe piston rod 38 was internally hollow, water is marked with inside syringe 35, syringe is living When stopper rod 38 moves downward, hydraulic pressure can press to piston sheet 44 at the shoulder of top；After the water in syringe 35 is finished, open soft Valve on pipe 52, and when moving upwards syringe piston rod 38,38 inner filling water of syringe piston rod, hydraulic pressure can open Piston sheet 44 enters water inside syringe 35；Hose 52 connects running water pipe.

Referring to Figure 13, the crank 58 can be rotated around the shaft of its tail portion, the handle 58-1 on rotating crank 58, handle 58-1 can be moved along the arc groove on sprocket wheel case lid 53, while rotating counterclockwise handle 58-1 downwards by or outward pull out, i.e., Chain 59 can be made to change between the sprocket wheel of speed-changing chain 56.

Referring to Figure 16, prominent V block 61-2 is gone at spring card 64 on the wheel disc 61, can be blocked by spring card 64 and Motionless, striker 61-1 also goes to the surface of spring card 64 at this time；It is hit when the rectangular collision block 62-1 at 62 edge of rotating disc is gone to When at needle 61-1, striker 61-1 is hit, rotates wheel disc 61 under the action of inertia force, also band movable sprocket, chain rotate, and work as wheel Protrusion V block 61-2 on disk 61 goes at spring card 64 and can stop operating.

The device of the invention specific work process:

Step 1: insulator umbrella 20 is put into certain density acid or aqueous slkali soaking for a period of time, is simulated with this Corrosion condition of the environment to insulator under the conditions of different zones；Or carry out artificial damage to full skirt surface, it is simulated with this The degree of impairment on full skirt surface；Then composite insulator is cut into chunks shape, each section includes a full skirt and a bit of plug, Form insulator sample.

Step 2: opening the valve on hose 52, opens motor 54, is electric machine main shaft reversion, at this time in head sprocket 60, chain Under the action of item 59, speed-changing chain 56, No.1 screw rod 40 is inverted, and the mobile sliding block 42 of piston drives syringe piston rod 38 to transport upwards Dynamic, experiment liquid opens piston sheet 44, into inside syringe 35, after testing liquid full of syringe 35, closes motor 54.

Step 3: opening chamber door 1, unclamps the fastening screw 33 on fixture, under the action of clamp spring 31, fixture determines block 30 and fixture motion block 29 separate, by the plug installs fixture of treated insulator sample lower end determine block 30, fixture motion block 29 it Between, fastening screw 33 is tightened, insulator sample can be clamped.

Step 4: rotating clockwise shaft disk locking wheel 24, and according to experiment, required insulator umbrella surface is inclined Angle, rotating shaft disk 23 set the inclined angle in full skirt surface by shaft index 23-1 and dial 27, revolve counterclockwise It walks around reel locking wheel 24, fixed L-type shaft 26 prevents its rotation.

Step 5: it according to the required drop of experiment to the height on insulator umbrella surface, rotates on No. two screw rods 49 Nut 49-1 sets the height of requirement of experiment by the scale of the relative position of mobile sliding block graduated scale 47 and bracket graduated scale 51 Degree；Close chamber door 1.

Step 5: it according to the environmental condition of the required insulator umbrella surface icing of experiment, is controlled by system and aobvious The temperature inside cabinet 3 is arranged in showing device 2；The steam or soda acid water mist required by pump 13 to 3 inside injection experiments of cabinet Liquid needed for experiment is added to reservoir 15 by pond inlet valve 5 before experiment, simulation test require soda acid, damp condition.

Step 6: whether need to study electric field action to the shadow of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing according to requirement of experiment It rings, by generating the device of electric field on insulator sample holding device, operator can be according to the condition of simulation, control system control System and display device 2, selection load the electric field of certain value or are not loaded with electric field.

Step 7: opening photographic device 22, records the process of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing, while can also pass through The some experimentations of eye-observation.

Step 8: opening motor 54, rotates forward 5 main shaft of motor, and the square shape at 62 edge of rotating disc being connected with main shaft is fast 62-1 hits striker 61-1, and wheel disc 61 is made to rotate a circle under the action of inertia force, until the V block 61-2 on 61 top edge of wheel disc When going to spring card 64, stopped and stopped operating by spring card 64, when the fast 62-1 rotation of the square shape at 62 edge of rotating disc Hit striker 61-1 again after a week, wheel disc 61 rotates one week again, realizes the intermittent of wheel disc 61 and its head sprocket 60 with this Operating；Under the action of head sprocket 60, chain 59, speed-changing chain 56, No.1 screw rod 40 is rotated forward, and the mobile sliding block 42 of piston drives note Emitter piston rod 38, which moves downward, does intermittent movement, and 35 needle point of slave syringe for keeping drop isometric drips to insulator umbrella Surface.The fortune of head sprocket 60 circles, and speed-changing chain 56 turns over certain angle, with speed-changing chain 56 using the No.1 being threadedly engaged Screw rod rotation, and intermittent move downward is done using the mobile sliding block 42 of piston of threaded engagement in the vertical direction with No.1 screw rod Fixed height, syringe piston rod 38 is also intermittent to move downward identical height, is oozed with this to control from syringe 35 The volume of drop, can also provide time enough for drop makes it drop down.

According to related experiment arrangement and experiment effect, insulator umbrella tested in ice-coating test machine reach expeced time or After surface has frozen, stop testing machine, and remove insulator and carry out the test of every insulator umbrella surface icing result.

The device of the invention concrete operating principle:

When needing to carry out ice-coating test research to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface, first by insulator through certain density Acid, aqueous slkali soaking carry out artificial treatment post-processing into the insulator umbrella 20 of section shape to its surface, fill in syringe 35 Completely test liquid for example: insulator umbrella 20 is mounted on testing machine by water, acid or aqueous slkali, is adjusted by adjusting shaft disk 23 The whole inclined angle in insulator umbrella surface, adjust No. two screw rods 49 control 35 needle point of syringe to full skirt surface height； Whether control system control and display device 2 set temperature, humidity, acidity, neutrality, alkaline water mist in cabinet 3, and open Load electric field inside grip device, opens motor 54, and the fast 62-1 of the square shape at 62 edge of rotating disc being connected with main shaft is hit Striker 61-1 makes wheel disc 61 rotate a circle under the action of inertia force, in the effect of head sprocket 60, chain 59, speed-changing chain 56 Under, No.1 screw rod 40 rotates forward, and the mobile sliding block 42 of piston drives syringe piston rod 38 to move downward and does intermittent movement, make liquid Isometric 35 needle point of slave syringe of drop drips to insulator umbrella surface；Photographic device 22 is opened simultaneously, record drop is insulating The process that sub- full skirt surface freezes.

The mobile sliding block 42 of head sprocket 60, speed-changing chain 56, chain 59, No.1 screw rod, No. two screw rods, piston and mobile sliding block 48 can carry out size design according to actual needs, realize certain transmission ratio, there is no mutual for each movement of entire testing machine The case where interference.After the testing machine completes test, ice covering thickness, the ice growth characteristics on insulator umbrella surface are observed, are led to The time of the video analysis icing of experimental record and the situation of each period icing are crossed, and respectively will be under different experimental conditions Experimental result compare and analyze, various factors is probed under real operating condition to insulator umbrella surface icing situation with this It influences.

Advantages of the present invention:

1, the clamping device below insulator umbrella be capable of safety to insulator load electric field, electric field action can be simulated The icing process on lower insulator umbrella surface.

2, the testing machine can provide low temperature, damp condition for experiment, while can also simulate various corrosive environment Such as: acid, alkalinity.

3, the testing machine can control the gradient on insulator umbrella surface, to control drop and insulator umbrella surface Inclination angle when contact, thus analyze different angle to drop full skirt surface icing influence.

4, the testing machine can control height of the drop initial position apart from insulator umbrella surface, to analyze different height Degree, can also convert into the speed at drop contact full skirt surface moment, to drop full skirt surface icing influence.

5, the size of control droplet size may be implemented by the sprocket wheel of transformation speed-changing chain diameter in the testing machine, thus Analyze the different big droplets of high volume to drop full skirt surface icing influence.

6, the testing machine can control the speed of drips by controlling motor speed, to analyze the fast drop of different drops To drop full skirt surface icing influence.

7, the testing machine is also very convenient to syringe adding liquid, fills it up with liquid without removing syringe, is installing back It goes.

8, compared to artificial-climate laboratory, it consumes energy less, occupies little space the testing machine, time saving and energy saving, easy to operate.

Through the above description, those skilled in the art completely can be in the model without departing from this invention technical idea In enclosing, various changes and amendments are carried out all within protection scope of the present invention.Unaccomplished matter of the invention, belongs to ability The common knowledge of field technique personnel.

Claims (10)

1. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine, it is characterised in that: it includes pedestal (6), the left end of the pedestal (6) It is fixedly installed with reservoir (15), the reservoir (15) is connected by pipeline with solenoid electric valve (17), the Electromagnetic Control Valve (17) also respectively on cabinet (3) air inlet (11) and pump (13) be connected, pump (13) outlet end connection pump line road (14)；It is fixedly installed with cabinet (3) on the pedestal (6), the pond inlet valve on the reservoir (15) and cabinet (3) outer wall (5) it is connected；The right end of the pedestal (6) is fixedly installed with air compressor (16), the air compressor (16) and condenser pipe (10) it is connected, condenser pipe (10) is fixedly mounted on the inside of cabinet (3)；It is fixed on the step of cabinet (3) bottom inner surface It is equipped with shaft cloche (9), the inside of the shaft cloche (9) is equipped with for adjusting insulator tilt angle to be tested Incidence regulating mechanism, the clamping device for clamping insulator is installed in the end of incidence regulating mechanism, in clamping device Injection device for calibrated shot liquid is installed, the injection device is mounted on syringe height on the bracket of side On regulating mechanism, the injection device is connected with transmission mechanism, and the bracket of the clamping device side is also equipped with camera shooting dress It sets (22), the electric field generation device that can generate electric field is installed inside the clamping device.

2. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cabinet (3) Front is equipped with the transparent chamber door (1) that can rotate around the axis, and forward lower part is equipped with system control and display device (2), case lid (4) By the top for being fixedly mounted on cabinet (3)；The position installation corresponding with air compressor (16) of the back of the cabinet (3) There are radiator window (12)；The cabinet (3) uses double layer hollow structure, and multiple cabinet air inlets are machined on its internal layer sidewall (7), thermal insulation layer (19) are installed in hollow space, form exhaust passage (18) between thermal insulation layer (19)；The exhaust passage One end is connected with cabinet air inlet (7), and the other end is connected with pump line road (14)；It is provided with back on cabinet (3) bottom inner surface Type rhone (8), the rhone (8) are connected with reservoir (15).

3. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tilt adjustment Mechanism includes shaft base (28), and the shaft base (28) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of cabinet (3), and is located at shaft glass The lower section for covering (9) is equipped with shaft fixed block (25) at the top of the shaft base (28), the shaft fixed block (25) and turn It is rotatably equipped with L-type shaft (26) inside axis pedestal (28), is machined on the horizontal segment of the L-type shaft (26) for axis To the shaft positioning step (26-1) of positioning, one end of the shaft base (28) is provided with dial (27), the L-type shaft (26) end is equipped with shaft disk (23), and the wheel rim of shaft disk (23) is provided with shaft index (23-1), the shaft Index (23-1) matches the rotation angle of mark L-type shaft (26) with dial (27), is machined on shaft disk (23) One circular locating openings are equipped with shaft disk locking wheel (24) on the location hole, when tightening shaft disk locking wheel (24), can hinder Rotation stop reel (23) and L-type shaft (26) rotation.

4. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the clamping device Including link block (32), the link block (32) is fixedly mounted on L-type shaft (26) top of incidence regulating mechanism, the connection The top side of block (32) is fixedly installed with fixture and determines block (30), is hinged with fixture motion block in the other end that fixture determines block (30) (29), block (30) retractable connection is determined by fastening screw (33) and fixture in the another side of the fixture motion block (29), and at it Clamp spring (31) are provided at faying face.

5. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the syringe dress It sets including injection device bracket (21), the platform for being fixedly mounted on cabinet (3) small surface of the injection device bracket (21) On rank, it is equipped with photographic device (22) on the inner sidewall of the injection device bracket (21), syringe (35) passes through syringe Card (39) is fixed in the groove of syringe fixed block (34), and syringe piston rod (38) one end is inserted into syringe (35) Portion, the other end are pressed in the groove of piston mobile sliding block (42) by syringe piston fixture nut (37), syringe piston Bar (38) can be moved up and down with piston mobile sliding block (42)；The first V-type face (42-1) on piston mobile sliding block (42) and The first cooperation V-type face (34-2) composition in syringe fixed block (34) is slidably matched, on the piston mobile sliding block (42) Threaded hole and No.1 screw rod (40) constitute screw-driven cooperation, and the No.1 screw rod (40) passes through the Kong Yan in No.1 crossbeam (41) It stretches in the lower hole on syringe fixed block (34), two No.1 bolt and nuts (36) are located on No.1 crossbeam (41), Lower both ends rotate No.1 screw rod (40) can only for limiting the vertical motion of No.1 screw rod (40).

6. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the syringe is living Hollow structure is used inside stopper rod (38), is equipped with hollow rotary table in its lower end, piston sheet (44), institute are installed inside rotary table It states piston sheet (44) to be pressed at the shoulder of top by piston spring (45), piston block (43) is mounted on syringe piston rod by screw (38) on, rotary table bottom is machined with circular hole, the internal hole external hose (52) of syringe piston rod (38)；The hose (52) is solid It is scheduled on the top of case lid (4), the upper end of hose (52) connects water pipe.

7. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the syringe is high Spending regulating mechanism includes mobile sliding block (48), and the mobile sliding block (48) is fixedly mounted on the fixed station of syringe fixed block (34) The second cooperation V-type at rank (34-1), in the second V-type face (48-1) and injection device bracket (21) on mobile sliding block (48) (21-1) is matched in face, and mobile sliding block (48) is made can only to cooperate V-type face (21-1) in second in injection device bracket (21) It inside slides up and down, is machined with internal screw thread on the mobile sliding block (48) and the arc surface at No. two screw rod (49) cooperations, and constitute Screw-driven cooperation, No. two crossbeams (50) are by being fixedly mounted on the tops of injection device bracket (21), No. two screw rods (49) Hole in No. two crossbeams (50) extends and arrives down in the hole on injection device bracket (21), two No. two bolt and nuts (46) No. two crossbeams (50) are located at up and down, for limiting the movement of No. two screw rods (49) in the vertical direction, make No. two spiral shells Bar (49) can only rotate；Mobile sliding block graduated scale (47) is respectively provided on front side of mobile sliding block (48) and injection device bracket (21) With bracket graduated scale (51), two graduated scales cooperate, and the top of No. two screw rods (49) passes through case lid (4), and at it End is equipped with knob (49-1), rotates No. two screw rods (49) manually, adjusts syringe (35) needle point of injection device to absolutely The distance on edge full skirt (20) surface.

8. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the transmission mechanism Including chain-wheel box (55), the chain-wheel box (55) is fixed on the top of case lid (4), is equipped with chain at the top of the chain-wheel box (55) It takes turns case lid (53), is equipped with motor (54) in the top braces of sprocket wheel case lid (53), the main shaft and rotating disc of the motor (54) (62) shaft, which is connected, transmits torque, and the rotating disc (62) is mounted on chain-wheel box (55) inside, the outer circle in rotating disc (62) It is fixed on week rectangular collision block (62-1), the rectangular collision block (62-1) and the striker (61-1) for being fixed on wheel disc (61) upper surface It matches, is located at below rectangular collision block (62-1) on wheel disc (61) and is provided with prominent V block (61-2), the prominent V block (61-2) and the spring card (64) being arranged on chain-wheel box (55) cooperate, the inclined-plane and protrusion of spring card (64) front end V block (61-2) matches, and is also equipped with head sprocket (60) in the shaft of the wheel disc (61)；The head sprocket (60) passes through chain (59) constitute chain conveyer with speed-changing chain (56), be formed with screw thread in speed-changing chain (56) center hole, and with No.1 screw rod (40) screw thread on the outside of matches, and constitutes worm drive cooperation, and the chain (59) is connected with gear；The gear Including crank (58), the tail portion of the crank (58) is mounted in chain-wheel box (55) by shaft, and can be slided along shaft, It is separately installed with a movable minor sprocket (63) on intermediate two axis of crank (58), chain (59) bypasses two minor sprockets simultaneously (63), and crank (58) is connected by crank spring (57) with chain-wheel box (55) inner wall；The crank (58) can be around its tail portion Shaft rotation, the handle (58-1) on rotating crank (58), handle (58-1) can be along the arc groove on sprocket wheel case lid (53) Movement, while rotating counterclockwise handle (58-1) downwards by or outward pull out, chain (59) can be made in speed-changing chain (56) It is changed between sprocket wheel.

9. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cabinet (3) Inside is equipped with temperature sensor and humidity sensor, and temperature-humidity sensor controls respectively with system and display device (2) phase Even, for the temperature and humidity in detection box (3), system control and display device (2) are fed back to, is then controlled using system And the temperature and humidity in display device (2) regulation cabinet (3)；Solenoid electric valve (17) the connection system control and display dress (2) are set, solenoid electric valve (17) can control by system control and display device (2), make pump (13) can be individually to cabinet (3) steam of injection gasification in, can also individually inject air into cabinet (3).

10. using the test method of claim 1-9 any one ice-coating test machine, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:

Step 1: insulator umbrella (20) is put into certain density acid or aqueous slkali soaking for a period of time, is simulated not with this With environment under the conditions of region to the corrosion condition of insulator；Or carry out artificial damage to full skirt surface, umbrella is simulated with this The degree of impairment on skirt surface；Then composite insulator is cut into chunks shape, each section includes a full skirt and a bit of plug, shape At insulator sample；

Step 2: open hose (52) on valve, open motor (54), invert electric machine main shaft, at this time head sprocket (60), Under the action of chain (59), speed-changing chain (56), No.1 screw rod (40) reversion, piston mobile sliding block (42) drives syringe piston Bar (38) moves upwards, and experiment liquid opens piston sheet (44), and internal into syringe (35), liquid to be tested is full of syringe (35) Afterwards, motor (54) are closed；

Step 3: opening chamber door (1), unclamps the fastening screw (33) on fixture, under the action of clamp spring (31), fixture is fixed Block (30) and fixture motion block (29) separation, determine block (30), fixture for the plug installs fixture of treated insulator sample lower end Between motion block (29), fastening screw (33) are tightened, insulator sample can be clamped；

Step 4: rotating clockwise shaft disk locking wheel (24), according to the required inclined angle in insulator umbrella surface of experiment Degree, rotating shaft disk (23) set the inclined angle in full skirt surface, inverse time by shaft index (23-1) and dial (27) Needle rotating shaft disk locking wheel (24), fixed L-type shaft (26), prevents its rotation；

Step 5: according to the required drop of experiment to the height on insulator umbrella surface, the spiral shell on No. two screw rods (49) is rotated Female (49-1) sets requirement of experiment by the scale of mobile sliding block graduated scale (47) and the relative position of bracket graduated scale (51) Height, close chamber door (1)；

Step 5: according to the environmental condition of the required insulator umbrella surface icing of experiment, dress is controlled and shown by system It sets (2), the internal temperature of setting cabinet (3)；The steam or soda acid required by pump (13) to the internal injection experiments of cabinet (3) Water mist, the preceding liquid passed through needed for pond inlet valve (5) are tested to reservoir (15) addition of experiment, simulation test requirement soda acid, Damp condition；

Whether step 6: needing to study influence of the electric field action to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing according to requirement of experiment, leads to Cross on insulator sample holding device and generate the device of electric field, operator can according to the condition of simulation, control system control and Display device (2), selection load the electric field of certain value or are not loaded with electric field；

Step 7: opening photographic device (22), records the process of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing, while can also pass through people Eye observes some experimentations；

Step 8: opening motor (54), rotates forward motor (54) main shaft, the square shape at rotating disc (62) edge being connected with main shaft Block (62-1) hits striker (61-1), and wheel disc (61) is made to rotate a circle under the action of inertia force, until wheel disc (61) top edge On protrusion V block (61-2) when going to spring card (64), stopped and stopped operating by spring card (64), when rotating disc (62) Square shape block (62-1) rotation at edge hits striker (61-1) again after a week, and wheel disc (61) rotates one week again, with this reality The intermittent operation of existing wheel disc (61) and its head sprocket (60)；In the effect of head sprocket (60), chain (59), speed-changing chain (56) Under, No.1 screw rod (40) rotates forward, and piston mobile sliding block (42) drives syringe piston rod (38) to move downward and does intermittent fortune Dynamic, slave syringe (35) needle point for keeping drop isometric drips to insulator umbrella surface.