CN106905005A - A kind of biological compost and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of biological compost and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106905005A CN106905005A CN201710087379.8A CN201710087379A CN106905005A CN 106905005 A CN106905005 A CN 106905005A CN 201710087379 A CN201710087379 A CN 201710087379A CN 106905005 A CN106905005 A CN 106905005A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/007—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from derived products of animal origin or their wastes, e.g. leather, dairy products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/989—Flow sheets for biological or biochemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to composting technology field, and in particular to a kind of biological compost and its preparation method and application, the preparation method is comprised the following steps：Set up three cylinder integral type microbial fermentation cylinders, raw material pre-treatment, raw material choice, sealing and fermenting, ventilating fermentation, the second fermentate of separation；The biological compost that the preparation method is prepared has the advantages that nutrient is abundant, nutrient release control it is quick, rich in beneficial bacterium, for preparations of fertilizer provides new development path, improve the productivity of soil and promote agricultural sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composting technology field, and in particular to a kind of biological compost and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Soil resource belongs to natural resources, and it has updatability and cultivation property, is agricultural, forestry, Animal husbandry production
The irreplaceable resources of production；And the height of soil productivity, except having outside the Pass with its natural quality, it is largely fixed
In human being's production level, the mankind can utilize the rule of development of soil, with advanced technology so as to promote fertility constantly to improve,
To produce more rich product, so as to meet the living needs of the mankind, meanwhile, the utilization soil that such as mankind can not be appropriate, soil
The fertility and productivity of earth can also be gradually reduced.
At present, the mode of mankind's transformation soil productivity is addition fertilizer, wherein, fertilizer is divided into chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer
Material.But chemical fertilizer of the prior art and organic fertilizer have the following disadvantages：
（1）For chemical fertilizer, its can rapidly Releasing nutrient, plant is quickly absorbed, but chemical fertilizer nutrient is single,
Chemical nitrogen fertilizer containing only nitrogen, phosphorus element chemical fertilizer containing only phosphorus, potassium chemical fertilizer then containing only potassium, even compound fertilizer is also containing only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc.
Limited several nutrients, therefore, chemical fertilizer comprehensively low can not provide various nutrients so that the production of soil can not be improved preferably
Power, also, chemical fertilizer content of chemical substances is high, can influence the activity of edaphon, therefore, long-term use chemical fertilizer holds
Easily soil is set to lose bioactivity.
（2）For organic fertilizer, its nutrient composition is abundant, in addition to containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur trace element, also contains
There are various saccharides, amino acid, these nutrients are not only that crop provides nutrition, can also promote the activity of edaphon.However,
Organic fertilizer concentration it is low, it is necessary to through microorganism decompose, rot after nutrients release could be out made for thing absorb so that can not allow
Plant quickly absorbs.
As fully visible, organic fertilizer is provided for a long term productivity beneficial to soil, can widely popularize, but because organic fertilizer is present
Release control efficiency low and be easily carried the problem of harmful bacteria to soil, it is necessary to organic fertilizer is improved, to improve soil
Productivity.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of biological compost for being capable of Rapid Fermentation
Preparation method, the method have the advantages that efficiently, high degree of automation.
The second object of the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of nutrient is abundant, nutrient release control it is quick,
Biological compost rich in beneficial bacterium.
The third object of the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of application process of biological compost.
One of to achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of preparation method of biological compost is provided, is comprised the following steps：
Step a, set up three cylinder integral type microbial fermentation cylinders：
The master cylinder for microbial fermentation is built, the master cylinder connects two extraction cylinders, and the master cylinder is also associated with hopper and hair
Ferment groove, the master cylinder and the extraction cylinder are the sealed cylinder block to one-way exhaust outside cylinder, and the master cylinder and the extraction cylinder
It is respectively connected with fermentation timing means, cylinder temperature detection means, cylinder pressure detection means, nutrient source proportioning device；
Step b, raw material pre-treatment
Animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object are collected as composting material；
Wherein, the field industry discarded object and the food industry discarded object need to be carried out after pulverization process with stand-by；
Wherein, the animal excretion is the animal excretion that edible health substitutes feed；
Step c, raw material choice
1）Detection of content of element：The constituent content of animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object is detected respectively；
2）Set up data：After detection of content of element, the unit of record animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object three
Cellulose content, is obtained element content data table；
3）Quantitative proportioning：According to the nutrient content tables of data, animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object are determined
Amount mixing, obtains quantitative apolegamy constituent content mixture；
Step d, sealing and fermenting
The quantitatively apolegamy constituent content mixture obtained in step c is stirred, fermented bacterium is then sprayed into, then inserted
Master cylinder in the three cylinders integral type microbial fermentation cylinder obtained in step a is fermented, and the first fermentate is obtained；
Step e, ventilating fermentation
First fermentate is inserted into fermentation tank, the fermentation tank is set to the fermentation tank of outside one-way exhaust, to described
One fermentate adds auxiliary material and bacterium solution, and fermentation time is 5 ~ 6 days, and the second fermentate of slurries mixing is obtained；
Step f, the second fermentate of separation
Second fermentate is stood, the compost of separation of solid and liquid is obtained, the upper liquid of the compost is poured out to obtain liquid
Compost, lower floor's solid of the compost is poured out to obtain slurry compost.
Preferably, in the step b, it is the feed being made up of nuisanceless raw material and probiotics that the health substitutes feed.
Preferably, the animal excretion be cow dung just, sheep manure one kind just, in swine excrement or any two or more mixing
Thing；
The field industry discarded object is the one kind or any two or more in straw refuse, tendril discarded object and shell discarded object
Mixture；
The food industry discarded object is the one kind or any two kinds in soybean residue, vinasse, soil dynamic test, mushroom compost and pericarp
Mixture above.
Preferably, in the step c, the detection of content of element includes nitrogen content detection, phosphorus content detection, potassium content inspection
Survey and content of ashes detection.
Preferably, in the step c, the nitrogen content in the mixture is that 1 ~ 3%, phosphorus content is 2 ~ 4%, potassium content 2 ~ 3%
It is 10 ~ 30% with content of ashes.
Preferably, in the step e, the auxiliary material is expired milk and/or eggshell.
Preferably, in the step e, strain and the weight ratio of water in the bacterium solution are 1:2~6.
To achieve these goals two, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of biological compost is provided, is the biological compost being made up of the preparation method of above-mentioned biological compost.
To achieve these goals three, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of application of biological compost is provided, the liquid compost in above-mentioned biological compost is applied in irrigating plant and topdressing.
A kind of application of biological compost is provided, the slurry compost in above-mentioned biological compost is being intended the application in prepared by soil.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
（1）A kind of preparation method of biological compost that the present invention is provided, the preparation method is given up using field industry discarded object, food industry
The storage that gurry and feeding health substitute feed herds excrement for raw material, its raw material not only wide material sources and raw material sources health ring
Protect, beneficial to the long-run development of soil and edaphon；During fermentation raw material, zymophyte is used, can effectively in expanded raw material
Crude fibre, while having used the jar fermenter of three cylinder one carries out automation fermentation, not only make fermenting procedure intelligent, also make original
Material fermentation is more abundant, so as to ensure that biological compost releases control performance in soil.
（2）A kind of biological compost that the present invention is provided, using the field industry discarded object through processing, food industry discarded object and feeds
The storage that food health substitutes feed herds excrement for raw material, greatly reduces influence of the harmful bacteria to soil, so as to ensure that soil is pacified
Quan Xing；The biological compost, puts into soil using so as to rely on microbial fermentation again after artificial fermentation, substantially increases
Compost releases control performance；The biological compost employs the mixture that raw material choice mode is obtained quantitative elemental, makes the heap fertilizer nutrient can
Artificial regulatory, so as to strengthen the utilization rate of the biological compost；Additionally, the biological compost adds strain so that soil it is beneficial
Microorganism is more rich, beneficial to the productivity of soil.
（3）A kind of preparation method of biological compost that the present invention is provided, the preparation method have simple, low production cost,
And the characteristics of mass producing can be applied to.
（4）A kind of application of biological compost that the present invention is provided, can be used to irrigate plant and topdress, and can be used in system
It is standby to intend soil, improve the application field of biological compost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of three cylinders integral type microbial fermentation cylinder of the invention.
Reference：
Master cylinder 1；
Extraction cylinder 2；
Hopper 3；
Fermentation tank 4；
Fermentation timing means 51, cylinder temperature detection means 52, cylinder pressure detection means 53, nutrient source proportioning device 54.
Specific embodiment
In order that technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect become more apparent, below in conjunction with
Embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain
The present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1.
A kind of preparation method of biological compost of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
Step a, set up three cylinder integral type microbial fermentation cylinders：
The master cylinder 1 for microbial fermentation is built, master cylinder 1 connects two extraction cylinders 2, and master cylinder 1 is also associated with hopper 3 and fermentation tank
4, master cylinder 1 is the sealed cylinder block to one-way exhaust outside cylinder with extraction cylinder 2, and master cylinder 1 and extraction cylinder 2 are connected with fermentation and regularly fill
Put 51, cylinder temperature detection means 52, cylinder pressure detection means 53, nutrient source proportioning device 54；
Step b, raw material pre-treatment
Animal excretion, field industry discarded object, food industry discarded object are collected as composting material；
Wherein, with stand-by after the field industry discarded object and the food industry discarded object pulverization process；
Wherein, the animal excretion is the animal excretion that edible health substitutes feed, and the health in the present embodiment substitutes feed is
The feed being made up of nuisanceless raw material and probiotics, so as to ensure that the security of excrement, and after probiotics discharge can and soil
With reference to, and then can be contended with the harmful bacteria in environment, promote the sound development of soil.
In the present embodiment, the animal excretion be cow dung just, sheep manure one kind or any two or more just, in swine excrement
Mixture；
The field industry discarded object is the one kind or any two or more in straw refuse, tendril discarded object and shell discarded object
Mixture；
The food industry discarded object is the one kind or any two kinds in soybean residue, vinasse, soil dynamic test, mushroom compost and pericarp
Mixture above；
Step c, raw material choice
1）Detection of content of element：Detection animal excretion, field industry discarded object, the constituent content of food industry discarded object, described respectively
Detection of content of element includes nitrogen content detection, phosphorus content detection, potassium content detection and content of ashes detection, wherein it is desired to ensure
Nitrogen content in the mixture is 1 ~ 3%, it is therefore preferable to 2%；Phosphorus content is 2 ~ 4%, it is therefore preferable to 3%；Potassium content 2 ~ 3%, preferably
Ground is 2.5%；Content of ashes is 10 ~ 30%, preferably 15%, so as to ensure that the basic content needed for soil, and then can guarantee that
The productivity of soil；
2）Set up data：After detection of content of element, the unit of record animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object three
Cellulose content, is obtained element content data table, so as to scientific and normal record nutrient content；
3）Quantitative proportioning：According to the nutrient content tables of data, animal excretion, field industry discarded object, food industry discarded object are determined
Amount mixing, obtains quantitative apolegamy constituent content mixture；
Step d, sealing and fermenting
The mixture obtained in step c is stirred, fermented bacterium is then sprayed into, then inserted described obtained in step a
Fermented in three cylinder integral type microbial fermentation cylinders, the first fermentate is obtained, can preferably be fermented with mixture；
Step e, ventilating fermentation
First fermentate is inserted into fermentation tank, the fermentation tank is set to the fermentation tank of outside one-way exhaust, to described
One fermentate adds auxiliary material and bacterium water, wherein, auxiliary material is expired milk and egg shell, strain and water in bacterium water
Weight ratio is 1:2 ~ 6, fermentation time is 5 ~ 6 days, and the second fermentate of slurries mixing, further fermenting mixture is obtained；
Step f, the second fermentate of separation
Second fermentate is stood, the compost of separation of solid and liquid is obtained, the upper liquid of the compost is poured out to obtain liquid
Compost, lower floor's solid of the compost is poured out to obtain slurry compost.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of a kind of preparation method of the biological compost of biological compost in the present embodiment as described in implementing 1 is made, the life
Thing compost has the advantages that nutrient is enriched, nutrient is released and controlled quickly, rich in beneficial bacterium；In production, the liquid compost in the compost can
Used for drip irrigation plant or for being topdressed in plantation, and the slurry compost in the compost can then mix with soil, and then make
The plan soil of standby artificial regulatory is promoting to meet production requirement.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of biological compost, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step a, set up three cylinder integral type microbial fermentation cylinders：
The master cylinder for microbial fermentation is built, the master cylinder connects two extraction cylinders, and the master cylinder is also associated with hopper and hair
Ferment groove, the master cylinder and the extraction cylinder are the sealed cylinder block to one-way exhaust outside cylinder, and the master cylinder and the extraction cylinder
It is respectively connected with fermentation timing means, cylinder temperature detection means, cylinder pressure detection means, nutrient source proportioning device；
Step b, raw material pre-treatment
Animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object are collected as composting material；
Wherein, the field industry discarded object and the food industry discarded object need to be carried out after pulverization process with stand-by；
Wherein, the animal excretion is the animal excretion that edible health substitutes feed；
Step c, raw material choice
1）Detection of content of element：The constituent content of animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object is detected respectively；
2）Set up data：After detection of content of element, the unit of record animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object three
Cellulose content, is obtained element content data table；
3）Quantitative proportioning：According to the nutrient content tables of data, animal excretion, field industry discarded object and food industry discarded object are determined
Amount mixing, obtains quantitative apolegamy constituent content mixture；
Step d, sealing and fermenting
The quantitatively apolegamy constituent content mixture obtained in step c is stirred, fermented bacterium is then sprayed into, then inserted
Master cylinder in the three cylinders integral type microbial fermentation cylinder obtained in step a is fermented, and the first fermentate is obtained；
Step e, ventilating fermentation
First fermentate is inserted into fermentation tank, the fermentation tank is set to the fermentation tank of outside one-way exhaust, to described
One fermentate adds auxiliary material and bacterium solution, and fermentation time is 5 ~ 6 days, and the second fermentate of slurries mixing is obtained；
Step f, the second fermentate of separation
Second fermentate is stood, the compost of separation of solid and liquid is obtained, the upper liquid of the compost is poured out to obtain liquid
Compost, lower floor's solid of the compost is poured out to obtain slurry compost.
2. the preparation method of a kind of biological compost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described strong in the step b
It is the feed being made up of nuisanceless raw material and probiotics that health substitutes feed.
3. the preparation method of a kind of biological compost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The animal excretion is cow dung
Just, sheep manure one kind just, in swine excrement or any two or more mixture；
The field industry discarded object is the one kind or any two or more in straw refuse, tendril discarded object and shell discarded object
Mixture；
The food industry discarded object is the one kind or any two kinds in soybean residue, vinasse, soil dynamic test, mushroom compost and pericarp
Mixture above.
4. the preparation method of a kind of biological compost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step c, the unit
Cellulose content detection includes nitrogen content detection, phosphorus content detection, potassium content detection and content of ashes detection.
5. the preparation method of a kind of biological compost according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described mixed in the step c
Nitrogen content in compound is that 1 ~ 3%, phosphorus content is 2 ~ 4%, potassium content 2 ~ 3% and content of ashes is 10 ~ 30%.
6. the preparation method of a kind of biological compost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described auxiliary in the step e
It is expired milk and/or eggshell to help raw material.
7. the preparation method of a kind of biological compost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step e, the bacterium
Strain and the weight ratio of water in liquid are 1:2~6.
8. a kind of biological compost, it is characterized in that：It is the system using a kind of biological compost described in claim 1 to 7 any one
The biological compost that Preparation Method is made.
9. a kind of application of biological compost, it is characterized in that：The liquid compost in a kind of biological compost described in claim 8 is being filled
Irrigate plant and middle application of topdressing.
10. a kind of application of biological compost, it is characterized in that：The slurry compost in a kind of biological compost described in claim 8 exists
Intend the application in prepared by soil.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107892627A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-10 | 王睦 | A kind of soil organic compost and its preparation method and application |
| CN109400412A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-01 | 翼城县富华养殖有限公司 | A kind of cow dung preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN110301324A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2019-10-08 | 赵文福 | A kind of waste seedlings cultivating board |
| CN112136644A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-12-29 | 固原天启薯业有限公司 | Preparation method of transplanted seedbed |
| CN113767743A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-10 | 丁骞 | Agricultural soil plants and uses liquid fertilizer fertilization equipment |
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| CN104649748A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-27 | 江苏金麦穗新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer of rice and wheat straws |
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| CN107892627A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-10 | 王睦 | A kind of soil organic compost and its preparation method and application |
| CN112136644A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-12-29 | 固原天启薯业有限公司 | Preparation method of transplanted seedbed |
| CN110301324A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2019-10-08 | 赵文福 | A kind of waste seedlings cultivating board |
| CN109400412A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-01 | 翼城县富华养殖有限公司 | A kind of cow dung preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN113767743A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-10 | 丁骞 | Agricultural soil plants and uses liquid fertilizer fertilization equipment |
| CN113767743B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-08-18 | 丁骞 | Liquid fertilizer fertilization equipment for agricultural soil planting |
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